1
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Moguei MRS, Habibi Z, Shahedi M, Yousefi M, Alimoradi A, Mobini S, Mohammadi M. Immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase through isocyanide-based multi component reaction on multi-walled carbon nanotube: application for kinetic resolution of rac-ibuprofen. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 35:e00759. [PMID: 36060211 PMCID: PMC9434027 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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2
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Ali I, Raja R, Dilshad Alam S, Jain AK, Yusuf K, Aljuwayid AM, Sillanpää M. Rapid chiral separation of potential antibiotics using supercritical fluid chromatography. Chirality 2022; 34:1383-1388. [PMID: 35735121 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
WHO is searching most active antibiotics due to the bacterial resistance problem. The activities of the racemic antibiotics may be augment by preparing optically active antibiotics by the chiral separation. Chiral separation of potential antibiotics such as cefotaxime and ofloxacin was studied using amylose-based packing chiral stationary phases (CSPs) such as Chiralpak IA and Chiralpak IG. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) was employed to carry out this study. Both immobilized CSPs such as Chiralpak IA and IG have sown remarkable selectivity for the reported drugs by using SFC. The values of retention factor (k) for ofloxacin enantiomers were 9.63 and 11.81, followed by 2.94 and 5.96 for cefotaxime enantiomers. The values of separation factor (α) for both the reported drugs were 1.22 and 2.03, respectively Similarly, the values of resolution factor (Rs) for both the enantio-selective drugs were 1.49 and 2.06, separately and respectively. The chiral recognition mechanism was developed and it was observed that the π-π interactions are playing a major role. The developed method is effective, reproducible, eco-friendly, and may be used to discriminate the enantiomers of the reported drugs in any sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupak Raja
- Chemistry Department, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Arvind Kumar Jain
- Chemistry Department, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Kareem Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Muteb Aljuwayid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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3
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Pu J, Wang H, Huang C, Bo C, Gong B, Ou J. Progress of molecular imprinting technique for enantioseparation of chiral drugs in recent ten years. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1668:462914. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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4
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Zhang Q, Ren S, Li A, Zhang J, Xue S, Sun X. Tartaric acid-based ionic liquid-type chiral selectors: Effect of cation species on their enantioseparation performance in capillary electrophoresis. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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5
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He J, Liu J, Liu Y, Liyin Z, Wu X, Song G, Hou Y, Wang R, Zhao W, Sun H. Trace carbonyl analysis in water samples by integrating magnetic molecular imprinting and capillary electrophoresis. RSC Adv 2021; 11:32841-32851. [PMID: 35493566 PMCID: PMC9042219 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05084b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to obtain high derivatization efficiency, the overuse of derivative agent 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) is necessary for carbonyl detection. But, the 2,4-DNPH residue will cause background interferences and limit the pre-concentration factor of the target analytes. In order to overcome the bottleneck problems, the magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer based solid-phase extraction (MMIPs-SPE) method was developed with 2,4-dinitroaniline (2,4-DNAN) as the dummy template. The characteristics and selectivity of the MMIPs were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the enrichment of carbonyls-DNPH derivatives with simultaneous removal of the surplus 2,4-DNPH was achieved. By coupling with capillary electrophoresis (CE), a satisfactory analytical performance was obtained with the detection limit ranging from 1.2 to 8.7 μg L−1 for 8 carbonyls. The MMIPs-SPE-CE method was applied successfully for the carbonyl assessment in stream water, tap water and bottled water. In addition, the migration of carbonyls in bottled drinking water was investigated under UV irradiation and heating. By integrating MMIPs-SPE method and CE, the enrichment of carbonyls-DNPH derivatives with simultaneous removal of the surplus derivative agent 2,4-DNPH can be achieved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Zhengxi Liyin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoyi Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Gang Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Yeyang Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Ruixi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Wenfeng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
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6
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7
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Essam HM, Mohamed HM. Developing, optimizing, and assessing a green electrophoretic method for determination of benzbromarone and allopurinol with its active metabolite in biological and pharmaceutical matrices. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1461-1470. [PMID: 33527723 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A combination of allopurinol and benzbromarone is a common gout treatment protocol. A suboptimal response to allopurinol in patients is very common due to its pharmacokinetics variability. Moreover, the safe doses of benzbromarone is very crucial in patients with hepatic diseases. This raised the inquisitiveness to develop and optimize a capillary zone electrophoresis method for the determination of allopurinol and benzbromarone in their coformulation and in the presence of oxypurinol, the active metabolite of allopurinol, in biological and pharmaceutical matrices. The method greenness profile was assessed using green metric tools the "National Environmental Method Index," the "Analytical Eco-Scale," and the "Green Analytical Procedure Index" by which the method proved to be ecofriendly. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of the pharmaceutical preparation and urine samples spiked with both drugs and the active metabolite. The linearity range was 25.0-250.0 μg/mL for benzbromarone, 50.0-350.0 μg/mL for allopurinol, and 100.0-500.0 μg/mL for oxypurinol. The recoveries were 99.60 ± 0.67, 99.89 ± 0.98, and 98.71 ± 1.18% for benzbromarone, allopurinol, and oxypurinol, respectively. The analysis results indicate potential usefulness of capillary zone electrophoresis as a competitive and greener method of analysis in biological and quality control labs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah M Essam
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Heba M Mohamed
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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8
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Lim RRX, Fung FM, Feng HT, Li SFY. Analysis of lipopolysaccharides by coupling microscale solid-phase extraction with capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Tetraalkylammonium-l-tartrate ionic liquids as sole chiral selectors in capillary electrophoresis. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Bao Z, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Ren Q. Progress in the Enantioseparation of β-Blockers by Chromatographic Methods. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020468. [PMID: 33477385 PMCID: PMC7830546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
β-adrenergic antagonists (β-blockers) with at least one chiral center are an exceedingly important class of drugs used mostly to treat cardiovascular diseases. At least 70 β-blockers have been investigated in history. However, only a few β-blockers, e.g., timolol, are clinically marketed as an optically pure enantiomer. Therefore, the separation of racemates of β-blockers is essential both in the laboratory and industry. Many approaches have been explored to obtain the single enantiomeric β-blocker, including high performance liquid chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography and simulated moving bed chromatography. In this article, a review is presented on different chromatographic methods applied for the enantioseparation of β-blockers, covering high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and simulated moving bed chromatography (SMB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yehui Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
| | - Zongbi Bao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Qilong Ren
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
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11
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Yu X, Yu W, Han X, Chen Z, Wang S, Zhai H. Sensitive analysis of doxorubicin and curcumin by micellar electromagnetic chromatography with a double wavelength excitation source. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:469-478. [PMID: 33118040 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin has been extensively used to treat cancers, and there are recent findings that the anticancer activities can be enhanced by curcumin. Although the two compounds have native fluorescence, they can hardly be quantified directly simultaneously using the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection method. To avoid complex fluorescence derivatization and introduction of interfering components, a highly sensitive double wavelength excitation source LIF (D-W-Ex-LIF) detector composed of a 445-nm and 488-nm commercial laser diode was constructed to detect them simultaneously. Rhodamine 6G was selected as an internal standard, because its fluorescence can be excited at 445 nm and 488 nm. The native fluorescence of doxorubicin and curcumin and their resolution were enhanced by introducing mixed micelles. The optimal electrophoretic separation buffer was 10 mM borate buffer containing 20 mM Triton X-100, 5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 30% (v/v) methanol at pH 9.00. Therefore, the developed method was specific, accurate, and easily operable. Its limits of detection for doxorubicin and curcumin in human urine samples were 4.00 × 10-3 and 1.00 × 10-2 μg/mL, respectively, and the limits of quantification were 1.00 × 10-2 and 3.00 × 10-2 μg/mL, respectively. The recoveries were 94.9-109.1%. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Wanxiang Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiufen Han
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiyun Zhai
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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12
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Liquid-liquid chromatography in enantioseparations. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1626:461345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Method screening strategies of stereoisomers of compounds with multiple chiral centers and a single chiral center. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1624:461244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Baksam V, N S, Pocha VR, Chakka VB, Ummadi RR, Kumar P. Development of an effective novel validated stability-indicating HPLC method for the resolution of brivaracetam stereoisomeric impurities. Chirality 2020; 32:1208-1219. [PMID: 32656914 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for the determination of brivaracetam stereoisomeric impurities such as (R,S)-brivaracetam, (R,R)-brivaracetam, and (S,S)-brivaracetam with good resolution using the chiral column, Chiral PAK IG-U (100 × 3.0 mm; 1.6 μm). The method is simple, stability-indicating, and compatible with LC-MS. The separation was achieved with the mobile phase consisted of 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate along with acetonitrile in an isocratic mode. The column temperature and wavelength were monitored at 40°C and 215 nm, respectively. The method showed adequate specificity, sensitivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness inline to ICH tripartite guidelines. The limit of detection and quantification limits were 0.3 and 0.8 μg ml-1 , respectively, for all stereoisomeric impurities and brivaracetam. The developed method was found to be linear over the concentration range of 0.8-5.6 μg ml-1 for stereoisomeric impurities with a correlation coefficient >0.999. The method was precise (%RSD < 5.0), robust, and accurate (with 85%-115% recovery). The values of retention times of stereoisomeric impurities, (R,S)-brivaracetam, (R,R)-brivaracetam, and (S,S)-brivaracetam, were 4.9, 5.4, and 6.6 min, respectively, and resolution among the impurities were 2.0, 3.3, and 4.7, respectively. In addition, forced degradation studies were performed to prove that method was stability-indicating. The enrichment of isomeric impurity, (R,R)-brivaracetam, was observed under basic stress conditions of brivaracetam and proposed a plausible mechanism to enhance that isomeric impurity. As well, a good separation among brivaracetam and its stereoisomeric impurity peaks was observed in the presence of degradation products and process-related impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakumar Baksam
- Division of Analytical Research and Development, Micro Labs Ltd (ML-27) KIADB INDL Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Chemistry, JNTUA College of Engineering, Kalikiri, Chittor, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Vasundara Reddy Pocha
- Division of Analytical Research and Development, Micro Labs Ltd (ML-27) KIADB INDL Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Veera Babu Chakka
- Division of Analytical Research and Development, Micro Labs Ltd (ML-27) KIADB INDL Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravindra Reddy Ummadi
- Division of Analytical Research and Development, Micro Labs Ltd (ML-27) KIADB INDL Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Division of Analytical Research and Development, Micro Labs Ltd (ML-27) KIADB INDL Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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15
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Lin J, Tsang C, Lieu R, Zhang K. Fast chiral and achiral profiling of compounds with multiple chiral centers by a versatile two-dimensional multicolumn liquid chromatography (LC–mLC) approach. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1620:460987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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16
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Abstract
Background::
Nano level chiral separation is necessary and demanding in the development
of the drug, genomic, proteomic, and other chemical and the environmental sciences. Few drugs exist
in human body cells for some days at nano level concentrations, that are out of the jurisdiction of the
detection by standard separation techniques. Likewise, the separation and identification of xenobiotics
and other environmental contaminants (at nano or low levels) are necessary for our healthiness.
Discussion:
Conclusion:
This article will be beneficial for chiral chromatographers, academicians, pharmaceutical
industries, environmental researchers and Government regulation authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Arsh Basheer
- State University of New York, Flint Entrance, Amherst, NY 14260, Buffalo, United States
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of General Studies, Jubail Industrial College, Jubail Industrial City, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcus T. Scotti
- Cheminformatics Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Synthetic Bioactive, Federal University of Paraiba-Campus I, 58051-970, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Teaching and Research Management - University Hospital, Cheminformatics Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Synthetic Bioactive, Federal University of Paraiba-Campus I, 58051-970, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara - 41477, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Yu X, Wang Y, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Ren Q, Bao Z, Yang Y. De novo synthesis of microspheical cellulose 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamates: An organic-inorganic hybrid chiral stationary phase for enantiospearation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Zhu B, Xue M, Liu B, Li Q, Guo X. Enantioselective separation of eight antihistamines with α1-acid glycoprotein-based chiral stationary phase by HPLC: Development and validation for the enantiomeric quality control. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 176:112803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Zaid MEA, Belboukhari N, Sekkoum K, Ramos JCM, Aboul-Enein HY. Analysis of different factors affecting a liquid chromatographic chiral separation of some imino-hesperetin compounds. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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20
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Tantawy MA, Yehia AM, Aboul-Enein HY. Simultaneous determination of guaifenesin enantiomers and ambroxol HCl using 50-mm chiral column for a negligible environmental impact. Chirality 2019; 31:835-844. [PMID: 31368587 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chiral stationary phases are conveniently used for enantiomeric separation of drugs by liquid chromatography. Consumption of large volumes of hazardous solvents is considered as a common challenge for the sustainability of this technique. To this end, a columnar chromatography has been adopted using 50-mm-length stationary phases. The study comprised five Phenomenex Lux cellulose- and amylose-based columns for the separation of guaifenesin (GUA) enantiomers. In addition, an experimental design was used to optimize the gradient profile for the separation of racemic GUA and ambroxol HCl (AMB) binary mixture. The chromatographic method was achieved using Lux Cellulose-1 (50 × 4.6 mm) as a chiral stationary phase and ethanol/water as a mobile phase with linear gradient elution of 20% to 70% ethanol in 6 minutes at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 and UV detection at 270 nm. Linearity ranges were found to be 50 to 1000 μg mL-1 and 15 to 450 μg mL-1 for each GUA enantiomer and AMB, respectively. Environmental, health and safety tool was used to assess and compare greenness of the proposed and reported methods. Short column indeed reduces the environmental impact by decreasing waste by about 60% and utilizing only 1-mL ethanol in the mobile phase. The proposed method is a safer alternative for the simultaneous determination of drugs in their combined pharmaceutical formulation. The method has been validated and compared favorably with a reported one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Tantawy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali M Yehia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Giza, Egypt
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21
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Zhao Y, Li S, Wang X, Yu J, Song Y, Guo X. Enantioseparation and molecular modeling study of five β‐adrenergic blockers on
C
hiralpak
IC
column. Chirality 2019; 31:502-512. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Yongbo Song
- Department Life Science and Bio‐pharmaceuticsInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Department Pharmaceutical AnalysisInstitution Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province P.R. China
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22
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Lv L, Lv H, Qiu X, Yan J, Tong S. Stereoselectiveseparation of racemic trans-paroxol, N-methylparoxetine and paroxetine containing two chiral carbon centres by countercurrent chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1570:99-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Wang X, Sun JZ, Tang BZ. Poly(disubstituted acetylene)s: Advances in polymer preparation and materials application. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Hirahara T, Yoshizawa-Fujita M, Takeoka Y, Rikukawa M. Solvent polarity effects on supramolecular chirality of a polyfluorene-thiophene copolymer. Chirality 2018; 30:699-707. [PMID: 29572966 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the supramolecular chirality control of a conjugated polymer via solvent polarity. We designed and synthesized a chiral polyfluorene-thiophene copolymer having two different chiral side chains at the 9-position of the fluorene unit. Chiral cyclic and alkyl ethers with different polarities were selected as the chiral side chains. The sign of the circular dichroism spectra in the visible wavelength region was affected by the solvent system, resulting from the change of supramolecular structure. The estimation of the solubility parameter revealed that the solubility difference of the side chains contributed to the change of the circular dichroism sign, which was also observed in spin-coated films prepared from good solvents having different polarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hirahara
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Takeoka
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Rikukawa
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Dutta S, Gellman AJ. Enantiomer surface chemistry: conglomerate versus racemate formation on surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:7787-7839. [PMID: 29165467 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00555e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Research on surface chirality is motivated by the need to develop functional chiral surfaces for enantiospecific applications. While molecular chirality in 3D has been the subject of study for almost two centuries, many aspects of 2D chiral surface chemistry have yet to be addressed. In 3D, racemic mixtures of chiral molecules tend to aggregate into racemate (molecularly heterochiral) crystals much more frequently than conglomerate (molecularly homochiral) crystals. Whether chiral adsorbates on surfaces preferentially aggregate into heterochiral rather than homochiral domains (2D crystals or clusters) is not known. In this review, we have made the first attempt to answer the following question based on available data: in 2D racemic mixtures adsorbed on surfaces, is there a clear preference for homochiral or heterochiral aggregation? The current hypothesis is that homochiral packing is preferred on surfaces; in contrast to 3D where heterochiral packing is more common. In this review, we present a simple hierarchical scheme to categorize the chirality of adsorbate-surface systems. We then review the body of work using scanning tunneling microscopy predominantly to study aggregation of racemic adsorbates. Our analysis of the existing literature suggests that there is no clear evidence of any preference for either homochiral or heterochiral aggregation at the molecular level by chiral and prochiral adsorbates on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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26
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Basheer AA. Chemical chiral pollution: Impact on the society and science and need of the regulations in the 21 st century. Chirality 2017; 30:402-406. [PMID: 29266491 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The chiral pollution is a serious issue for our health and environment due to the enantio-selective biodegradation of the chiral pollutants. It has adverse impact on our society and science. There is a big loss of our economy due to the use of racemic agrochemicals. The most notorious chiral pollutants are pesticides, polychloro biphenyls, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, brominated flame retardants, drugs, and pharmaceuticals. More than 1500 chiral pollutants are present in the environment. Unfortunately, there is no regulation and control of the chiral pollutants. Therefore, it is an urgent need of the present 21st century to develop a data bank on the chiral pollutants, guidelines for controlling the production, sale and use of the racemic agrochemicals and the other industrial products. The Governments of the different countries should come forward to initiate the regulations. US, FDA, US EPA, and WHO are the most important regulatory authorities and should think about the chiral pollutants. The present article highlights the impact of the chiral pollution on the society and science. Besides, the efforts have also been made to emphasize the need of the regulations to control the chiral pollution.
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27
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Abdel-Megied AM, Hanafi RS, Aboul-Enein HY. A chiral enantioseparation generic strategy for anti-Alzheimer and antifungal drugs by short end injection capillary electrophoresis using an experimental design approach. Chirality 2017; 30:165-176. [PMID: 29154400 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes a generic strategy using capillary electrophoretic (CE) method for chiral enantioseparation of anti-Alzheimer drugs, namely, donepezil (DON), rivastigmine (RIV), and antifungal drugs, namely, ketoconazole (KET), Itraconazole (ITR), fluconazole (FLU), and sertaconazole (SRT) in which these drugs have different basic and acidic properties. Several modified cyclodextrins (CDs) were applied for enantioseparation of racemates such as highly sulfated α, γ CDs, hydroxyl propyl-β-CD, and Sulfobutyl ether-β-CD. The starting screening conditions consist of 50-mM phosphate-triethanolamine buffer at pH 2.5, an applied voltage of 15 kV, and a temperature of 25°C. The CE strategy implemented in the separation starts by screening prior to the optimization stage in which an experimental design is applied. The design of experiment (DOE) was based on a full factorial design of the crucial two factors (pH and %CD) at three levels, to make a total of nine (32 ) experiments with high, intermediate, and low values for both factors. Evaluation of the proposed strategy pointed out that best resolution was obtained at pH 2.5 for five racemates using low percentages of HS-γ-CD, while SBE-β-CD was the most successful chiral selector offering acceptable resolution for all the six racemates, with the best separation at low pH values and at higher %CD within 10-min runtime. Regression study showed that the linear model shows a significant lack of fit for all chiral selectors, anticipating that higher orders of the factors are most likely to be present in the equation with possible interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abdel-Megied
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh City, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Hanafi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo-GUC, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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28
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Lv L, Bu Z, Lu M, Wang X, Yan J, Tong S. Stereoselective separation of β-adrenergic blocking agents containing two chiral centers by countercurrent chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1513:235-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Guo X, Liu Q, Hu S, Guo W, Yang Z, Zhang Y. Thermodynamic models to elucidate the enantioseparation of drugs with two stereogenic centers by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1512:133-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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30
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Kamalzadeh Z, Babanezhad E, Ghaffari S, Mohseni Ezhiyeh A, Mohammadnejad M, Naghibfar M, Bararjanian M, Attar H. Determination of Bortezomib in API Samples Using HPLC: Assessment of Enantiomeric and Diastereomeric Impurities. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:697-705. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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Recent advances on the use of cyclodextrins in the chiral analysis of drugs by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1467:79-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Ali I, Suhail M, Al-Othman ZA, Alwarthan A, Aboul-Enein HY. Enantiomeric resolution of multiple chiral centres racemates by capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:683-94. [PMID: 26840015 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomeric resolution of multichiral centre racemates is an important area as some multichiral centre racemates are of great medicinal importance. However, enantioseparation of such types of racemates is a challenging task. Amongst many analytical techniques, capillary electrophoresis is a powerful technique and may be used to resolve such racemates. Only few papers are available describing enantiomeric resolution of such racemates. Therefore, efforts have been made to describe the enantiomeric resolution of multichiral centre racemates by capillary electrophoresis. This article discusses the importance of multichiral racemates, the need for capillary electrophoresis in enantiomeric resolution and chiral resolution of multichiral centre racemates using various chiral selectors. Further, attempts have been made to discuss the future challenges and prospects of enantiomeric resolution of multichiral racemates. The various chiral selectors used for the purpose are chiral crown ether, cyclodextrins, polysaccharides, macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics and ligand exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohd Suhail
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zeid A Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt
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33
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Ali I, Lone MN, Suhail M, AL-Othman ZA, Alwarthan A. Enantiomeric resolution and simulation studies of four enantiomers of 5-bromo-3-ethyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-piperidine-2,6-dione on a Chiralpak IA column. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26462f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomeric resolution and simulation studies of four enantiomers of 5-bromo-3-ethyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-piperidine-2,6-dione on a Chiralpak IA column were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry
- Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University)
- New Delhi
- India
| | | | - Mohd. Suhail
- Department of Chemistry
- Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University)
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Zeid A. AL-Othman
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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34
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Sánchez-López E, Marina ML, Crego AL. Improving the sensitivity in chiral capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:19-34. [PMID: 26434566 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CE is known for being one of the most powerful analytical techniques when performing enantioseparations due to its numerous advantages such as excellent separation efficiency and extremely low solvents and reagents consumption, all of them derived from the capillary small dimensions. Moreover, it is worth highlighting that unlike in chromatographic techniques, in CE the chiral selector is generally within the separation medium instead of being attached to the separation column which makes the method optimization a more versatile task. Despite its numerous advantages, when using UV-Vis detection, CE lacks of sensitivity detection due to its short optical path length derived from the narrow separation capillary. This issue can be overcome by means of different approaches, either by sample treatment procedures or by in-capillary preconcentration techniques or even by employing detection systems more sensitive than UV-Vis, such as LIF or MS. The present review assembles the latest contributions regarding improvements of sensitivity in chiral CE published from June 2013 until May 2015, which follows the works included in a previous review reported by Sánchez-Hernández et al. [Electrophoresis 2014, 35, 12-27].
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio L Crego
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Mitrofan G, Stefan-van Staden RI, Comnea-Stancu IR, van Staden JF, Bazylak G, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP, Aboul-Enein HY. Fast Screening of Whole Blood Samples and Pharmaceutical Compounds for Enantiorecognition of Free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4. Chirality 2015; 27:973-8. [PMID: 26447904 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A fast screening method of whole blood was proposed for enantiorecognition of free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4 . Stochastic microsensors based on four inulins (IN, IQ, TEX, and HD) immobilized on diamond paste (DP) were used for recognition of free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4 . For the enantiorecognition of free L-T4 and D-T4 in whole blood and pharmaceutical samples, the best microsensor was the one based on TEX/DP (wide linear concentration ranges, and low limits of quantification). The best limit of detection for the assay of free L-T3 (400 fmol/L) was recorded using the microsensors based on HD/DP, while for the assay of free L-T4, and D-T4 the best limit of determination (1 pmol/L) was recorded using the TX/DP-based microsensor. For the enantiorecognition of free L-T3 in whole blood and pharmaceutical samples the best microsensor was the one based on HD/DP (the wider linear concentration range, and the lower limit of quantification - of pmol/L magnitude order). For the enantiorecognition of free L-T3 in whole blood and pharmaceutical samples the best microsensor was the one based on HD/DP (the wider linear concentration range, and the lower limit of quantification - of pmol/L magnitude order). Free L-T3 , L-T4 , and D-T4 were recovered with high reliabilities in whole blood samples (recoveries higher than 99.00%, with RSD values lower than 1.00%) and pharmaceutical samples (recoveries higher than 95.00% with RSD values lower than 1.00%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorina Mitrofan
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Raluca Comnea-Stancu
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jacobus Frederick van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grzegorz Bazylak
- Pharmaco-Bromatology & Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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36
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Qin LF, Pang CY, Han WK, Zhang FL, Tian L, Gu ZG, Ren X, Li Z. Optical recognition of alkyl nitrile by a homochiral iron(ii) spin crossover host. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01617g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a chiral mononuclear spin crossover host1·MeCN was found to have the ability to optically recognize lactonitrile (LN) and methylglutaronitrile (MGN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fang Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chun-Yan Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wang-Kang Han
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feng-Li Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lei Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xuehong Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education
- College of Textiles and Clothing
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zaijun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
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