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Guzmán-Lorite M, Rosu F, Marina ML, García MC, Gabelica V. miRNA and DNA analysis by negative ion electron transfer dissociation and infrared multiple-photon dissociation mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1299:342431. [PMID: 38499418 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of simple and hybrid fragmentation techniques for the identification of molecules in tandem mass spectrometry provides different and complementary information on the structure of molecules. Nevertheless, these techniques have not been as widely explored for oligonucleotides as for peptides or proteins. The analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) warrants special attention, given their regulatory role and their relationship with several diseases. The application of different fragmentation techniques will be very interesting for their identification. RESULTS Four synthetic miRNAs and a DNA sequence were fragmented in an ESI-FT-ICR mass spectrometer using both simple and hybrid fragmentation techniques: CID, nETD followed by CID, IRMPD, and, for the first time, nETD in combination with IRMPD. The main fragmentation channel was base loss. The use of nETD-IRMPD resulted in d/z, a/w, and c/y ions at higher intensities. Moreover, nETD-IRMPD provided high sequence coverage and low internal fragmentation. Native MS analysis revealed that only miR159 and the DNA sequence formed stable dimers under physiological ionic strength. The use of organic co-solvents or additives resulted in a lower sequence coverage due to lesser overall ionization efficiency. NOVELTY This work demonstrates that the combination of nETD and IRMPD for miRNA fragmentation constitutes a suitable alternative to common fragmentation methods. This strategy resulted in efficient fragmentation of [miRNA]5- using low irradiation times and fewer internal fragments while ensuring a high sequence coverage. Moreover, given that such low charge states predominate upon spraying in physiological-like conditions, native MS can be applied for obtaining structural information at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Guzmán-Lorite
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Frédéric Rosu
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, IECB, UAR3033, US01, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. Del Río", Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Concepción García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. Del Río", Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
| | - Valérie Gabelica
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, IECB, UAR3033, US01, F-33600, Pessac, France; Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, ARNA, UMR 5320, U1212, IECB, F-33600, Pessac, France
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García-Aparicio MDP, Castro-Rubio F, Marina ML. Unlocking peach juice byproduct potential in food waste biorefineries: Phenolic compounds profile, antioxidant capacity and fermentable sugars. Bioresour Technol 2024; 396:130441. [PMID: 38360219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
This work assesses an integrated pathway for the revalorization of peach byproduct (PB) within a biorefinery. PB was subjected to an oven-drying (OD) treatment for its evaluation as a storage treatment. It was compared to freeze-drying and untreated material in terms of antioxidant capacity (AOC), phenolic compounds (PC) profile and fermentable sugar production. OD reduced the water content to less than 15 % while preserving the bound hydrolysable polyphenols, which were the more abundant PC (≈64 %) with the highest AOC. Drying treatments hampered polysaccharide accessibility, but some enzyme preparations released 60-70 g/L of fermentable sugars at relatively high solids loading (10 %). This study proposes a novel enzyme-based strategy for the valorisation of fermentable sugars and antioxidant compounds from PB. The sugars can be fermented into several building blocks while the solid residue enriched in recalcitrant phenolic compounds and proteins could be used to develop novel functional products for food/feed sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Prado García-Aparicio
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
| | - Florentina Castro-Rubio
- Universidad de Alcalá, Centro de Química Aplicada y Biotecnología (CQAB), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28771 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
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Salido-Fortuna S, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML. Rapid enantiomeric separation of indacaterol by electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1717:464696. [PMID: 38310699 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The first chiral methodology enabling the separation of indacaterol enantiomers was developed in this work by cyclodextrin-electrokinetic chromatography. Indacaterol (IND) is a chiral drug marketed as a pure enantiomer. Then, the separation and quantification of each enantiomer is of great importance for the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations. After selecting the most suitable chiral selector and background electrolyte, two Box-Behnken designs were achieved to optimize the electrophoretic conditions using two different approaches to shorten analysis times: i) decreasing the capillary length, or ii) performing a short-end injection. Indacaterol enantiomers were separated in less than 5 min with a resolution value of 3.6 under the optimal separation conditions: 0.7% (m/v) carboxymethyl-α-cyclodextrin in 50 mM sodium formate buffer (pH 4.0) and using a short-end injection. Then, the analytical characteristics of the method were evaluated and LODs of 0.05 mg/L for S-IND and 0.04 mg/L for R-IND were achieved. Also, the method allowed the detection of a 0.1% enantiomeric impurity (S-IND) in the R-IND-based pharmaceutical formulations. The developed method was applied to the analysis of two pharmaceutical formulations. Percentages of 97 ± 3% and 103 ± 6% of R-IND with respect to the labeled amounts were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Salido-Fortuna
- Universidad de Alcalá. Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Universidad de Alcalá. Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá. Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Salido-Fortuna S, Ruano-Culebras P, Marina ML, Castro-Puyana M. Rapid indirect separation of glutamine enantiomers by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Analysis of dietary supplements. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300921. [PMID: 38356221 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Glutamine is the most abundant free proteinogenic α-amino acid. It is naturally produced in the organism and acts as a precursor for the synthesis of different biologically important molecules (such as proteins or nucleotides). However, under stressful conditions, the organism is unable to produce it in enough amounts to function properly. Thus, glutamine (Gln)-based supplements have become increasingly popular over the last decade. Since legal regulations establish that amino acid-based dietary supplements must contain only the L-enantiomer and not the racemate, adequate chiral methodologies are required to achieve their quality control. In this work, an analytical methodology based on the use of micellar electrokinetic chromatography is proposed for the rapid enantiomeric determination of DL-Gln in dietary supplements. Using (+)-1-(9-fluorenyl)-ethyl chloroformate as a derivatizing agent and ammonium perfluorooctanoate as separation medium, the Gln diastereoisomers formed under optimal conditions were separated in 8 min with a resolution of 2.8. The analytical characteristics of the method were evaluated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, and limits of detection/quantitation, and they were found appropriate for the analysis of L-Gln-based dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Salido-Fortuna
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Ruano-Culebras
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Salido-Fortuna S, Bosco CD, Gentili A, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML, D'Orazio G, Fanali S. Enantiomeric analysis of drugs in water samples by using liquid-liquid microextraction and nano-liquid chromatography. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1177-1186. [PMID: 37276371 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nano-LC technique is increasingly used for both fast studies on enantiomeric analysis and test beds of novel stationary phases due to the small volumes involved and the short conditioning and analysis times. In this study, the enantioseparation of 10 drugs from different families was carried out by nano-LC, utilizing silica with immobilized amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) column. The effect on chiral separation caused by the addition of different salts to the mobile phase was evaluated. To simultaneously separate as many enantiomers as possible, the effect of buffer concentration in the mobile phase was studied, and, to increase the sensitivity, a liquid-liquid microextraction based on the use of isoamyl acetate as sustainable extraction solvent was applied to pre-concentrate four chiral drugs from tap and environmental waters, achieving satisfactory recoveries (>70%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Salido-Fortuna
- Department of Chemistry, University of "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Dal Bosco
- Department of Chemistry, University of "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanni D'Orazio
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB), CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fanali
- School in Nanoscience and Advanced Technologies, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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García-Cansino L, Boltes K, Marina ML, García MÁ. Enantioseparation and ecotoxicity evaluation of ibrutinib by Electrokinetic Chromatography using single and dual systems. Talanta 2023; 265:124783. [PMID: 37348354 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two chiral methods enabling the separation of ibrutinib enantiomers were developed by Electrokinetic Chromatography. A cyclodextrin (CD) or a mixture of the CD and a chiral ionic liquid (CIL) was used as chiral selector. Using the single CD system, seven neutral and six anionic CDs were tested in a formate buffer at pH 3.0 working in positive and negative polarity, respectively. The use of sulfated-γ-CD (S-γ-CD) and negative polarity originated the best results considering analysis time and enantioresolution. The optimization of the experimental conditions allowed obtaining the separation of ibrutinib enantiomers in an analysis time of 4.2 min with an enantioresolution value of 1.5. The effect of the addition of fifteen CILs on the enantioresolution was evaluated showing that both analysis time and enantioresolution were generally increased. A mixture of S-γ-CD and [TMA][L-Lys] was selected which provided the separation of ibrutinib enantiomers in 8.1 min with an enantioresolution value of 3.3 under the same experimental conditions as in the case of using the single CD system. The enantiomeric impurity (S-ibrutinib) was the first-migrating isomer when using the single CD and the combined CD/CIL systems, as corresponds to the most desirable situation. Both chiral methods allowed the detection of the enantiomeric impurity up to a 0.1% as established by the International Council on Harmonization. After establishing the analytical characteristics of both chiral methodologies developed, they were applied to the enantiomeric determination of ibrutinib in a pharmaceutical formulation for hospital use marketed as pure enantiomer (R-ibrutinib) and to evaluate the stability and ecotoxicity of racemic ibrutinib and R-ibrutinib on Daphnia magna. The developed methodologies enabled, for the first time, the rapid chiral quantitation of ibrutinib in abiotic and biotic matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Cansino
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karina Boltes
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA Water Institute, Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. Del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. Del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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García-Cansino L, García MÁ, Marina ML, Câmara JS, Pereira JA. Simultaneous microextraction of pesticides from wastewater using optimized μSPEed and μQuEChERS techniques for food contamination analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16742. [PMID: 37287615 PMCID: PMC10241853 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Food contamination with pesticides poses significant risks to consumer safety and undermines confidence in food supply chains. Detecting pesticides in food samples is a challenging task that requires efficient extraction techniques. This study aims to compare and validate two microextraction techniques, μSPEed and μQuEChERS-dSPE, for the simultaneous extraction of eight pesticides (paraquat, thiabendazole, asulam, picloram, ametryn, atrazine, linuron, and cymoxanil) from wastewater samples. A good analytical performance was obtained for both methodologies, with selectivity, linearity in the range 0.5-150 mg L-1 with coefficients of determination up to 0.9979, limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) ranging from 0.02 to 0.05 mg L-1 and from 0.06 to 0.17 mg L-1, respectively, precision below 14.7 mg L-1, and recoveries from wastewater samples in the range of 66.1-99.9%. The developed methodologies are simpler, faster, and require less sample and solvent volumes than conventional methodologies, having a lower impact on the environment. Nevertheless, the μSPEed approach was found to be more efficient, easier to perform, and with a higher greener profile. This study highlights the potential of microextraction techniques for the analysis of pesticide residues in food and environmental samples. Overall, it presents a fast and efficient method for the analysis of pesticides in wastewater samples, which can be useful for monitoring and controlling pesticide contamination in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Cansino
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- CQM-UMa, Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - María Ángeles García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM-UMa, Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jorge A.M. Pereira
- CQM-UMa, Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
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Bernardo-Bermejo S, Sánchez-López E, Castro-Puyana M, Fernández-Martínez AB, Lucio-Cazaña FJ, Marina ML. Exploring the Metabolic Differences between Cisplatin- and UV Light-Induced Apoptotic Bodies in HK-2 Cells by an Untargeted Metabolomics Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087237. [PMID: 37108400 PMCID: PMC10138416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the extracellular vesicles, apoptotic bodies (ABs) are only formed during the apoptosis and perform a relevant role in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Recently, it has been demonstrated that ABs from human renal proximal tubular HK-2 cells, either induced by cisplatin or by UV light, can lead to further apoptotic death in naïve HK-2 cells. Thus, the aim of this work was to carry out a non-targeted metabolomic approach to study if the apoptotic stimulus (cisplatin or UV light) affects in a different way the metabolites involved in the propagation of apoptosis. Both ABs and their extracellular fluid were analyzed using a reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry setup. Principal components analysis showed a tight clustering of each experimental group and partial least square discriminant analysis was used to assess the metabolic differences existing between these groups. Considering the variable importance in the projection values, molecular features were selected and some of them could be identified either unequivocally or tentatively. The resulting pathways indicated that there are significant, stimulus-specific differences in metabolites abundancies that may propagate apoptosis to healthy proximal tubular cells; thus, we hypothesize that the share in apoptosis of these metabolites might vary depending on the apoptotic stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bernardo-Bermejo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km.33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km.33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Ana B Fernández-Martínez
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Cantoblanco, Calle Darwin, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Lucio-Cazaña
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km.33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
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Bernardo-Bermejo S, Xue J, Hoang L, Billings E, Webb B, Honders MW, Venneker S, Heijs B, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML, van den Akker EB, Griffioen M, Siuzdak G, Giera M, Sánchez-López E. Quantitative multiple fragment monitoring with enhanced in-source fragmentation/annotation mass spectrometry. Nat Protoc 2023; 18:1296-1315. [PMID: 36755131 PMCID: PMC10364092 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Analytical techniques with high sensitivity and selectivity are essential to the quantitative analysis of clinical samples. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry is the gold standard in clinical chemistry. However, tandem mass spectrometers come at high capital expenditure and maintenance costs. We recently showed that it is possible to generate very similar results using a much simpler single mass spectrometry detector by performing enhanced in-source fragmentation/annotation (EISA) combined with correlated ion monitoring. Here we provide a step-by-step protocol for optimizing the analytical conditions for EISA, so anyone properly trained in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry can follow and apply this technique for any given analyte. We exemplify the approach by using 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) which is a clinically relevant metabolite whose D-enantiomer is considered an 'oncometabolite', characteristic of cancers associated with mutated isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 or 2 (IDH1/2). We include procedures for determining quantitative robustness, and show results of these relating to the analysis of DL-2-hydroxyglutarate in cells, as well as in serum samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia that contain the IDH1/2 mutation. This EISA-mass spectrometry protocol is a broadly applicable and low-cost approach for the quantification of small molecules that has been developed to work well for both single-quadrupole and time-of-flight mass analyzers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bernardo-Bermejo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Jingchuan Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linh Hoang
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Billings
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bill Webb
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Willy Honders
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne Venneker
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Heijs
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Erik B van den Akker
- Center for Computational Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,The Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.,Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Griffioen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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10
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Salido-Fortuna S, Marina ML, Castro-Puyana M. A chiral electrokinetic chromatography method for the separation and quantitation of licarbazepine and licarbazepine acetate in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples. Talanta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Bernardo-Bermejo S, Adámez-Rodríguez S, Sánchez-López E, Castro-Puyana M, Luisa Marina M. Stereoselective separation of 4-hydroxyproline by electrokinetic chromatography. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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12
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García MC, Lombardo-Cristina V, Marina ML. Multifunctional and Collaborative Protection of Proteins, Peptides, Phenolic Compounds, and Other Molecules against Oxidation in Apricot Seeds Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122354. [PMID: 36552562 PMCID: PMC9774911 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant activity studies usually focus on a single type of molecule and do not consider possible collaborations among different molecules. The purpose of this work was to obtain multicomponent extracts exerting protection against oxidation from apricot seeds and to study the individual role of these components in the whole protection. Pressurized liquid extraction was employed to obtain extracts, and a response surface methodology enabled exploration of the effect of extraction conditions on the composition and prevalence of the antioxidant mechanism. Extractions carried out at 170 °C, in up to 7% ethanol, and for up to 25 min guaranteed multifunctional protection against oxidation by the collaboration of different molecules. While phenolic compounds were the main contributors to radical-scavenging capacity (R2 = 90% for ABTS and 88% for DPPH), proteins and phenolic compounds showed similar roles in the whole reducing power (proteins (R2 = 86%) and TPC (R2 = 90%)), and other compounds inhibited the formation of hydroxyl radicals and, especially, the peroxidation of lipids. The presence of peptides modified the antioxidant protection of extracts. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds and other antioxidant molecules. The presence of different kinds of molecules led to a multifunctional and collaborative protection against oxidation that could not be exerted by individual molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Concepción García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Víctor Lombardo-Cristina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Greño M, Herrero M, Cifuentes A, Marina ML, Castro-Puyana M. Assessment of cocoa powder changes during the alkalization process using untargeted metabolomics. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Galván SO, González-García E, Marina ML, García MC. Comparative study of factors affecting the recovery of proteins from malt rootlets using pressurized liquids and ultrasounds. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1777-1787. [PMID: 36268132 PMCID: PMC9576806 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malt rootlets (MR) are a waste from brewing with high protein content. This work proposes to study the impact of extracting parameters on the recovery of proteins and the characteristics of extracts from MR using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). A Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to study the effect of extracting parameters on the protein yield, while characterization comprised the study of antioxidant properties, the identification of extracted proteins using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry, and the evaluation of the co-extraction of phenolic compounds. Protein extraction was promoted at an ultrasounds amplitude of 68%, for 20 min at 52 °C in UAE, while adding 33% ethanol resulted in the highest yield in PLE. While UAE extracted 53 ± 5% of MR proteins, PLE reached a 73 ± 7%, using more sustainable conditions. Significant antioxidant activities were observed in the PLE extract, although undermined by gastrointestinal digestion. Proteomic analysis detected 68 proteins from Hordeum vulgare in the UAE extract and 9 in the PLE extract. Proteins in MR are very different to that from barley grains or brewer's spent grains. PLE also co-extracted phenolic compounds while this was not significant by UAE. PLE and UAE can extract proteins from malt rootlets, a waste from brewing. The use of PLE with low amounts of EtOH promoted the extraction of protein. PLE extracted 73% of the proteins in malt rootlets, which is 38% more than the UAE using a shorter time. PLE extract showed high antioxidant capacity likely due to the co-extraction of phenolic compounds. Extracted proteins were involved in metabolic processes and defence/stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Olivares Galván
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía González-García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain,Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Concepción García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain,Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain,Corresponding author. Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Amariei G, Jiménez-Jiménez S, García MÁ, Marina ML, Boltes K. First eco-toxicological evidence of ivabradine effect on the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri: A chiral view. Sci Total Environ 2022; 838:156617. [PMID: 35691350 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ivabradine (S-ivabradine) is a contemporary antihypertensive drug designed and commercialized for cardiovascular diseases treatment over the world. In this work the enantiomer-specific stability and acute toxicity of ivabradine to the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri as well as the potential mechanism of action were investigated for the first time. With this aim, real concentrations of ivabradine enantiomers under abiotic and biotic conditions were determined by Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) with cyclodextrins (CDs) as chiral selectors. A moderate chiral stability without enantiomeric interconversion was observed for ivabradine. The bioluminescence inhibition method revealed an enantioselective toxicity of ivabradine to marine bacterium. The order of ecotoxicity was R-ivabradine < racemic ivabradine < S-ivabradine with EC50 (t = 5 min) values about 75.98, 11.11 and 7.93 mg/L, respectively. Confocal Live/Dead stained images showed that bacterial envelops cells were seriously damaged after exposure to S-ivabradine. S-ivabradine also disturbed the esterase activity and significantly increased the ROS level compared with the control. Thus, oxidative stress originating membrane cells damage and enzymatic activity changes was shown to be the primary mechanism of S-ivabradine toxicity to marine bacterium. Our results highlight the need for more eco-toxicological evaluations of the cardiovascular drug S-ivabradine on other aquatic organisms to establish the risk on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Amariei
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering-Plastic and Plastic Engineering, Aarhus University, Aabogade 40, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Sara Jiménez-Jiménez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karina Boltes
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA Water Institute, Parque Científico Tecnológico, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Domínguez-Rodríguez G, Ramón Vidal D, Martorell P, Plaza M, Marina ML. Composition of Nonextractable Polyphenols from Sweet Cherry Pomace Determined by DART-Orbitrap-HRMS and Their In Vitro and In Vivo Potential Antioxidant, Antiaging, and Neuroprotective Activities. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:7993-8009. [PMID: 35729789 PMCID: PMC9264388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sweet cherry pomace is an important source of phenolic compounds with beneficial health properties. As after the extraction of phenolic compounds, a phenolic fraction called nonextractable polyphenols (NEPs) remains usually retained in the extraction residue, alkaline and acid hydrolyses and enzymatic-assisted extraction (EAE) were carried out in this work to recover NEPs from the residue of conventional extraction from sweet cherry pomace. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antioxidant, antihypertensive, antiaging, and neuroprotective capacities employing Caenorhabditis elegans was achieved for the first time. Extractable phenolic compounds and NEPs were separated and identified by families by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) with UV/Vis detection. A total of 39 phenolic compounds were tentatively identified in all extracts by direct analysis in real-time high-resolution mass spectrometry (DART-Orbitrap-HRMS). EAE extracts presented the highest in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacity as well as the highest in vivo antiaging and neuroprotective capacities. These results showed that NEPs with interesting biological properties are retained in the extraction residue, being usually underestimated and discarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Domínguez-Rodríguez
- Universidad
de Alcalá, Departamento de
Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería
Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Mendel
University in Brno, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Zemedelska
1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Ramón Vidal
- Archer
Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Scientific Universitat de València, C/Catedrático Agustín
Escardino Benlloch, 9, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Martorell
- Archer
Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Scientific Universitat de València, C/Catedrático Agustín
Escardino Benlloch, 9, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Merichel Plaza
- Universidad
de Alcalá, Departamento de
Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería
Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad
de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación
Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona. Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad
de Alcalá, Departamento de
Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería
Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad
de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación
Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona. Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Hernández-Corroto E, Boussetta N, Marina ML, García MC, Vorobiev E. High voltage electrical discharges followed by deep eutectic solvents extraction for the valorization of pomegranate seeds (Punica granatum L.). INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Salido-Fortuna S, Fernández-Bachiller MI, Marina ML, Castro-Puyana M. Synthesis and characterization of carnitine-based ionic liquids and their evaluation as additives in cyclodextrin-electrokinetic chromatography for the chiral separation of thiol amino acids. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1670:462955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Ángeles García M, Jiménez-Jiménez S, Marina ML. STEREOSELECTIVE SEPARATION OF DIMETHENAMID BY CYCLODEXTRIN ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY USING DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Domínguez-Rodríguez G, Marina ML, Plaza M. In vitro assessment of the bioavailability of bioactive non-extractable polyphenols obtained by pressurized liquid extraction combined with enzymatic-assisted extraction from sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) pomace. Food Chem 2022; 385:132688. [PMID: 35305433 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In vitro digestion and absorption simulation processes of non-extractable polyphenols (NEPs) obtained by pressurized liquid extraction combined with enzymatic-assisted extraction with Promod enzyme (PLE-EAE) from the residue of conventional extraction of sweet cherry pomace were studied. In general, total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents decreased in each phase of the digestion. However, the antioxidant capacity increased when the digestion process progressed. In addition, the highest total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents and antioxidant capacity were obtained in the absorbed fraction. NEPs from PLE-EAE extract, digestive fractions, absorbed and unabsorbed fractions were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole Exactive-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap-MS). Fifteen NEPs were identified in the intestinal fraction and five in the absorbed fraction after the digestion process. Results obtained in this study define for the first time the bioavailability of antioxidant NEPs obtained from sweet cherry pomace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Domínguez-Rodríguez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona. Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid, Spain
| | - Merichel Plaza
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona. Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Sánchez-López E, Marina ML. Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry to Chiral Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2531:211-225. [PMID: 35941488 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2493-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a technique that has already proven its importance in the separation of enantiomers. The combination of CE with mass spectrometry (MS) detection further boosts the possibilities of CE in terms of achieving higher sensitivity with the possibility of an unambiguous assignment of analytes of interest. This chapter details four different examples using CE in the electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) mode coupled to MS with application to four different fields of analysis (pharmaceutical, biomedical, food, and agrochemical). The first two methods are based on the use of a single and a double chiral selector system, respectively, in which the partial filling technique (PFT) had to be used to avoid MS-source contamination. In the last two examples, PFT was not needed as they were based on the use of low concentrations of chiral selector but a derivatization step was necessary to allow proper enantiorecognition with the chiral selectors. Description of these protocols is fully explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sánchez-López
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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22
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Greño M, Amariei G, Boltes K, Castro-Puyana M, García MA, Marina ML. Ecotoxicity evaluation of tetramethrin and analysis in agrochemical formulations using chiral electrokinetic chromatography. Sci Total Environ 2021; 800:149496. [PMID: 34388647 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The separation of the four isomers of tetramethrin was performed for the first time using a cyclodextrin-micellar electrokinetic chromatography methodology. Using sodium deoxycholate and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD as chiral selectors, tetramethrin isomers were separated with resolution values of 1.7 and 1.1 for trans- and cis-isomers, respectively, in analysis times lower than 12.5 min. Once developed and optimized, the analytical method was applied to the analysis of an antiparasitic commercial formulation and to the evaluation of the stability and ecotoxicity of tetramethrin. Using measured concentrations, the stability was assessed at enantiomeric level and the ecotoxicological parameters on Daphnia magna were determined. Tetramethrin presents toxicity on aquatic microinvertebrates, with EC50 (t = 72 h) of 1.8 mg/L. The acute toxicity of tetrametrin was attributed to the trans-1 enantiomer. The first evidence of oxidative stress-mediated mode of action for tetramethrin on Daphnia magna is reported in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Greño
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Amariei
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Boltes
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Water (IMDEA Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Castro-Puyana
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Tan L, Deng F, Luo X, Pan X, Zhang L, Marina ML, Jiang Z. Glycosyl imprinted mesoporous microspheres for the determination of glycopeptide antibiotics using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462630. [PMID: 34731750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycopeptide antibiotics are critical weapons against serious Gram-positive resistant bacteria, and therefore the development of analytical methods for their determination is essential. In this work, with the aim of extending the scope of molecularly imprinted mesoporous materials to the recognition of large molecules such as proteins and peptides, we selected the glycosyl moiety of glycopeptide antibiotics as a template and synthesised a boronic acid functional monomer by click chemistry reaction to prepare glycosyl imprinted mesoporous microspheres. On the basis of boronate affinity, the template and the functional monomer formed a self-assembly structure that was incorporated into the silica framework during polymerisation. The removal of the glycosyl moiety created cavities with boronic acid groups covalently anchored to the pore walls of the glycosyl imprinted mesoporous microspheres. The resultant microspheres showed regular spherical shape, narrow size distribution and porous structure and exhibited high adsorption capability and fast adsorption kinetics. The size exclusion effect of the mesoporous structure prevents large molecules from entering the cavities, while the glycosyl imprinted cavities provide selectivity for glycopeptide antibiotics. The glycosyl imprinted mesoporous microspheres were employed to separate six glycopeptide antibiotics in serum samples, which were then determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The proposed method exhibited satisfactory linearity in the range of 0.1 to 20.0 μg/L, demonstrating great potential for the determination of glycopeptide antibiotics in serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fenfang Deng
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Xinhong Pan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Zhengjin Jiang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Domínguez-Rodríguez G, García MC, Marina ML, Plaza M. Pressurized Liquid Extraction Combined with Enzymatic-Assisted Extraction to Obtain Bioactive Non-Extractable Polyphenols from Sweet Cherry ( Prunus avium L.) Pomace. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093242. [PMID: 34579121 PMCID: PMC8465171 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet cherry generates large amounts of by-products within which pomace can be a source of bioactive phenolic compounds. Commonly, phenolic compounds have been obtained by conventional extraction methodologies. However, a significant fraction, called non-extractable polyphenols (NEPs), stays held in the conventional extraction residues. Therefore, in the present work, the release of NEPs from cherry pomace using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) combined with enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) using PromodTM enzyme is investigated for the first time. In order to study the influence of temperature, time, and pH on the NEPs extraction, a response surface methodology was carried out. PLE-EAE extracts displayed higher TPC (75 ± 8 mg GAE/100 g sample) as well as, PA content, and antioxidant capacity than the extracts obtained by PLE (with a TPC value of 14 ± 1 mg GAE/100 g sample) under the same extraction conditions, and those obtained by conventional methods (TPC of 8.30 ± 0.05 mg GAE/100 g sample). Thus, PLE-EAE treatment was more selective and sustainable to release NEPs from sweet cherry pomace compared with PLE without EAE treatment. Besides, size-exclusion chromatography profiles showed that PLE-EAE allowed obtaining NEPs with higher molecular weight (>8000 Da) than PLE alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Domínguez-Rodríguez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (G.D.-R.); (M.C.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - María Concepción García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (G.D.-R.); (M.C.G.); (M.L.M.)
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (G.D.-R.); (M.C.G.); (M.L.M.)
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Merichel Plaza
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (G.D.-R.); (M.C.G.); (M.L.M.)
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-885-6392
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García-Cansino L, García MÁ, Marina ML. Simultaneous Enantiomeric Separation of Carfentrazone-Ethyl Herbicide and Its Hydrolysis Metabolite Carfentrazone by Cyclodextrin Electrokinetic Chromatography. Analysis of Agrochemical Products and a Degradation Study. Molecules 2021; 26:5350. [PMID: 34500782 PMCID: PMC8433761 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The different activity and toxicity that the enantiomers of agrochemicals may have requires the development of stereoselective analytical methodologies enabling the individual determination of each enantiomer. The aim of this work was to develop the first Electrokinetic Chromatography methodology enabling the simultaneous enantiomeric separation of carfentrazone-ethyl herbicide and its hydrolysis metabolite carfentrazone. The use of an anionic cyclodextrin as chiral selector (captisol at 2.5% (w/v)) in a 25 mM acetate buffer, at a temperature of 30 °C, and an applied voltage (reverse polarity) of -30 kV, allowed the simultaneous separation of the four enantiomers of the two compounds studied in 6.8 min with enantiomeric resolutions of 5.0 for carfentrazone-ethyl and 5.1 for carfentrazone. Analytical characteristics of the developed method were evaluated and found adequate to achieve the quantitation of carfentrazone-ethyl and carfentrazone. Analysis of a commercial herbicide formulation showed the potential of the method for the quality control of these agrochemical products. Degradation studies for carfentrazone-ethyl revealed that no significant degradation took place in cleaned sand samples while a significant but not stereoselective degradation took place in soils for the whole period of time considered (seven days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Cansino
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km, 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; (L.G.-C.); (M.Á.G.)
| | - María Ángeles García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km, 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; (L.G.-C.); (M.Á.G.)
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M, del Río, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km, 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km, 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; (L.G.-C.); (M.Á.G.)
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M, del Río, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km, 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
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Bernardo-Bermejo S, Marina ML, Castro-Puyana M. A rapid electrokinetic chromatography method using short-end injection for the enantioselective separation of tryptophan. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Jiménez-Jiménez S, Amariei G, Boltes K, García MÁ, Marina ML. Stereoselective separation of sulfoxaflor by electrokinetic chromatography and applications to stability and ecotoxicological studies. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1654:462450. [PMID: 34399142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An Electrokinetic Chromatography method was developed for the stereoselective analysis of sulfoxaflor, a novel sulfoximine agrochemical with two chiral centers. A screening with fourteen negatively charged CDs was performed and Succinyl-β-CD (Succ-β-CD) was selected. A 15 mM concentration of this CD in a 100 mM borate buffer (pH 9.0), using an applied voltage of 20 kV and a temperature of 15 °C made possible the baseline separation of the four stereoisomers of sulfoxaflor in 13.8 min. The evaluation of the linearity, accuracy, precision, LODs and LOQs of the method developed showed its performance to be applied to the analysis of commercial agrochemical formulations, the evaluation of the stability of sulfoxaflor stereoisomers under biotic and abiotic conditions, and to predict, for the first time, sulfoxaflor toxicity (using real concentrations instead of nominal concentrations), on two non-target aquatic organisms, the freshwater plant, Spirodela polyrhiza, and the marine bacterium, Vibrio fischeri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jiménez-Jiménez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Georgiana Amariei
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Karina Boltes
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Water (IMDEA Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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Domínguez-Rodríguez G, Plaza M, Marina ML. High-performance thin-layer chromatography and direct analysis in real time-high resolution mass spectrometry of non-extractable polyphenols from tropical fruit peels. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110455. [PMID: 34399456 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Passiflora species, mangosteen, and cherimoya peels are a source of bioactive phenolic compounds. Nevertheless, a significant fraction of polyphenols, called non-extractable polyphenols (NEPs), are retained in the extraction residue after a conventional extraction. Thus, alkaline, acid, and enzymatic-assisted extractions to recover high contents of antioxidant NEPs from the extraction residue of fruit peels, were compared in this work. A high-performance thin-layer chromatography method with UV/Vis detection was developed in order to obtain the phenolic profile for the extracts. The most intense bands were further analyzed by direct analysis in real-time-high-resolution mass spectrometry to tentatively identified NEPs in fruit peel extracts. Total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents and antioxidant capacity of the extracts were measured to carry out a multivariate statistical analysis. Alkaline hydrolysis was the most efficient treatment to recover NEPs from fruit peels as well as a promising treatment to obtain antioxidant extracts along with EAE. Cherimoya peel extracts were the richest in antioxidant NEPs. This work highlights that many NEPs remain on the extraction residue of fruit peels after conventional extraction and are not usually taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Domínguez-Rodríguez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Merichel Plaza
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona. Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona. Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
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Jiménez-Jiménez S, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML, García MÁ. Enantiomeric separation of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio by Capillary Electrophoresis. Degradation studies in environmental samples. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462255. [PMID: 34090054 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two analytical methodologies by Capillary Electrophoresis were developed. The first one enabled the rapid and cost-effective enantioseparation of prothioconazole and was applied to the analysis of prothioconazole-based commercial agrochemical formulations. The second methodology enabled the simultaneous enantioseparation of prothioconazole and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio and was applied to degradation studies of both compounds in soil and sand samples. The influence of several experimental variables was investigated to develop both methodologies. The separation of prothioconazole enantiomers was achieved in 4.5 min with a resolution of 2.8 employing a neutral cyclodextrin (heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin). Given the nature of prothioconazole-desthio, a neutral cyclodextrin cannot be used for its chiral separation. For this reason, the simultaneous enantioseparation of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio was achieved in 5.5 min with resolution values of 1.9 and 8.2, respectively, using a negatively charged cyclodextrin (sulfated-γ-cyclodextrin). The analytical characteristics of the developed methodologies were evaluated and both methods showed good performance to be applied to the quantitation of the enantiomers of prothioconazole in commercial agrochemical formulations (LOD 0.7 mg L-1) and to carry out degradation studies for both compounds in environmental matrices (LODs lower than 0.9 and 1.3 mg L-1 for prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio enantiomers, respectively). The recovery values obtained were in the range between 94-104 % for the agrochemical formulations, between 96-99 % for the sand samples and between 97-100 % for the soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jiménez-Jiménez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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González-García E, Marina ML, García MC. Impact of the use of pressurized liquids on the extraction and functionality of proteins and bioactives from brewer's spent grain. Food Chem 2021; 359:129874. [PMID: 33951610 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A green methodology based on pressurized liquids (PLE) to extract proteins and obtain highly active extracts from brewer's spent grain (BSG) is proposed. Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to study the effect of extraction parameters on the protein content (PC), the total phenolic content (TPC), and the antioxidant activity of extracts. Results were compared with those obtained by conventional alkaline extraction assisted with ultrasounds (UAE). The selection of PLE conditions enabled to tailor the PC and TPC of extracts. PLE extracted 36 % more proteins than UAE. PLE extracts showed higher antioxidant, cholesterol esterase inhibition, and ACE inhibitory activities than UAE extract. HPLC-MS/MS enabled to observe that the extraction technique and experimental conditions significantly affected to the kind and amount of extracted proteins, and released peptides, and phenolic compounds. A higher ratio of hydrophobic peptides was observed in PLE extracts, which justified their higher bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E González-García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - M L Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Rio" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - M C García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Rio" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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Valdés A, Lucio-Cazaña FJ, Castro-Puyana M, García-Pastor C, Fiehn O, Marina ML. Comprehensive metabolomic study of the response of HK-2 cells to hyperglycemic hypoxic diabetic-like milieu. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5058. [PMID: 33658594 PMCID: PMC7930035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease. Although hyperglycaemia has been determined as the most important risk factor, hypoxia also plays a relevant role in the development of this disease. In this work, a comprehensive metabolomic study of the response of HK-2 cells, a human cell line derived from normal proximal tubular epithelial cells, to hyperglycemic, hypoxic diabetic-like milieu has been performed. Cells simultaneously exposed to high glucose (25 mM) and hypoxia (1% O2) were compared to cells in control conditions (5.5 mM glucose/18.6% O2) at 48 h. The combination of advanced metabolomic platforms (GC-TOF MS, HILIC- and CSH-QExactive MS/MS), freely available metabolite annotation tools, novel databases and libraries, and stringent cut-off filters allowed the annotation of 733 metabolites intracellularly and 290 compounds in the extracellular medium. Advanced bioinformatics and statistical tools demonstrated that several pathways were significantly altered, including carbohydrate and pentose phosphate pathways, as well as arginine and proline metabolism. Other affected metabolites were found in purine and lipid metabolism, the protection against the osmotic stress and the prevention of the activation of the β-oxidation pathway. Overall, the effects of the combined exposure of HK-cells to high glucose and hypoxia are reasonably compatible with previous in vivo works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Valdés
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Francisco J Lucio-Cazaña
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Coral García-Pastor
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
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Jiménez-Jiménez S, Amariei G, Boltes K, García MÁ, Marina ML. Enantiomeric separation of panthenol by Capillary Electrophoresis. Analysis of commercial formulations and toxicity evaluation on non-target organisms. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1639:461919. [PMID: 33535114 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The first CE methodology enabling the enantiomeric separation of panthenol was developed in this work. Electrokinetic chromatography with cyclodextrins (CD-EKC) was the CE mode employed for this purpose. The effect of different experimental variables such as the nature and concentration of the cyclodextrin, the temperature and the separation voltage was investigated. The best enantiomeric separation was obtained with 25 mM (2-carboxyethyl)-β-CD (CE-β-CD) in 100 mM borate buffer (pH 9.0), with a separation voltage of 30 kV and a temperature of 30 °C. Under these conditions, an enantiomeric resolution of 2.0 in an analysis time of 4.2 min was obtained, being the biologically active enantiomer d-panthenol (dexpanthenol) the second-migrating enantiomer. The analytical characteristics of the method were evaluated in terms of precision, accuracy, selectivity, linearity, LOD, and LOQ, showing a good performance for the quantitation of dexpanthenol in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. The enantiomeric impurity (L-panthenol) could be detected at a 0.1% level with respect to the majority enantiomer, allowing to accomplish the requirements of the ICH guidelines. The method was also successfully applied to study the stability of panthenol under abiotic and biotic conditions and its toxicity on non-target organisms (the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrhiza).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jiménez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Georgiana Amariei
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Karina Boltes
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Water (IMDEA Agua), Parque Científico Tecnológico, E-28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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Salido-Fortuna S, Casado N, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML. Use of choline chloride-D-sorbitol deep eutectic solvent as additive in cyclodextrin-electrokinetic chromatography for the enantiomeric separation of lacosamide. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Valdés A, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML. Isolation of proteins from spent coffee grounds. Polyphenol removal and peptide identification in the protein hydrolysates by RP-HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109368. [PMID: 33233070 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several works have been focused on the extraction of polysaccharides, polyphenols and caffeine from spent coffee grounds (SCG) and their application in food formulations, but the peptide bioactivity from SCG protein hydrolysates has never been addressed. In the present work and for the first time, two different methods to isolate proteins from SCG have been compared, demonstrating that a urea-based extraction buffer provides a higher yield. This extraction method was then applied to compare the protein content in SCG from different coffee-brewing preparations, showing a higher protein content in SCG from espresso coffee machines. In addition, a polyphenol extraction step to remove interferences has been evaluated and the hydrolysis of the extracted proteins using alcalase and thermolysin enzymes has been compared. The effect of roasting degree on the antioxidant and in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity has been evaluated. The results show that the ACE-inhibitory activity is higher when SCG proteins are obtained from medium and dark roasted coffees and then hydrolyzed with thermolysin. Finally, the peptides contained in these hydrolysates have been identified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled via electrospray ionization to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (RP-HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Valdés
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Greño M, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML. Enantiomeric separation of homocysteine and cysteine by electrokinetic chromatography using mixtures of γ-cyclodextrin and carnitine-based ionic liquids. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Tan L, Li Y, Deng F, Pan X, Yu H, Marina ML, Jiang Z. Highly sensitive determination of amanita toxins in biological samples using β-cyclodextrin collaborated molecularly imprinted polymers coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1630:461514. [PMID: 32898756 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a β-cyclodextrin functional vinyl monomer was synthesized and the common moiety of five amanita toxins was used as the template for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Chemical calculation was used to evaluate and describe the binding interactions between the template and the functional monomer. The preparation conditions were optimized and the resultant MIPs were characterized and employed as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents. The SPE conditions including the amount of sorbent, extraction solution, and eluting solution were also optimized for the enrichment of the five toxins. Using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), detection limits ranging from 0.34-0.42 µg/L, 0.16-0.33 µg/L, and 0.035-0.056 µg/kg were achieved for the five toxins in serum, urine and liver samples, respectively. The proposed method was further applied to the determination of the amanita toxins in suspected samples and showed great potential in the diagnosis of mushroom poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yongxian Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Fenfang Deng
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Xinhong Pan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Zhengjin Jiang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Olivares-Galván S, Marina ML, García MC. Extraction and Characterization of Antioxidant Peptides from Fruit Residues. Foods 2020; 9:foods9081018. [PMID: 32751284 PMCID: PMC7466205 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit residues with high protein contents are generated during the processing of some fruits. These sustainable sources of proteins are usually discarded and, in all cases, underused. In addition to proteins, these residues can also be sources of peptides with protective effects against oxidative damage. The revalorization of these residues, as sources of antioxidant peptides, requires the development of suitable methodologies for their extraction and the application of analytical techniques for their characterization. The exploitation of these residues involves two main steps: the extraction and purification of proteins and their hydrolysis to release peptides. The extraction of proteins is mainly carried out under alkaline conditions and, in some cases, denaturing reagents are also employed to improve protein solubilization. Alternatively, more sustainable strategies based on the use of high-intensity focused ultrasounds, microwaves, pressurized liquids, electric fields, or discharges, as well as deep eutectic solvents, are being implemented for the extraction of proteins. The scarce selectivity of these extraction methods usually makes the subsequent purification of proteins necessary. The purification of proteins based on their precipitation or the use of ultrafiltration has been the usual procedure, but new strategies based on nanomaterials are also being explored. The release of potential antioxidant peptides from proteins is the next step. Microbial fermentation and, especially, digestion with enzymes such as Alcalase, thermolysin, or flavourzyme have been the most common. Released peptides are next characterized by the evaluation of their antioxidant properties and the application of proteomic tools to identify their sequences.
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Valdés A, Castro-Puyana M, García-Pastor C, Lucio-Cazaña FJ, Marina ML. Time-series proteomic study of the response of HK-2 cells to hyperglycemic, hypoxic diabetic-like milieu. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235118. [PMID: 32579601 PMCID: PMC7313754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During diabetes, renal proximal tubular cells (PTC) are exposed to a combination of high glucose and hypoxic conditions, which plays a relevant role in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In this work, a time-series proteomic study was performed to analyse the effect of a diabetic-like microenvironment induced changes on HK-2 cells, a human cell line derived from normal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cells simultaneously exposed to high glucose (25 mM) and hypoxia (1% O2) were compared to cells in control conditions for up to 48 h. Diabetic conditions increased the percentage of death cells after 24 and 48 h, but no differences in the protein/cell ratio were found. The relative protein quantification using dimethyl-labeling and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis allowed the identification of 317, 296 and 259 proteins at 5, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The combination of statistical and time expression profile analyses indicated an increased expression of proteins involved in glycolysis, and a decrease of cytoskeletal-related proteins. The exposure of HK-2 cells to high glucose and hypoxia reproduces some of the effects of diabetes on PTC and, with the limitations inherent to in vitro studies, propose new mechanisms and targets to be considered in the management of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Valdés
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Coral García-Pastor
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | | | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
- * E-mail:
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Hernández-Corroto E, Plaza M, Marina ML, García MC. Sustainable extraction of proteins and bioactive substances from pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.) using pressurized liquids and deep eutectic solvents. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Bernardo-Bermejo S, Sánchez-López E, Castro-Puyana M, Benito-Martínez S, Lucio-Cazaña FJ, Marina ML. A Non-Targeted Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry Strategy to Study Metabolic Differences in an In vitro Model of High-Glucose Induced Changes in Human Proximal Tubular HK-2 Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030512. [PMID: 31991659 PMCID: PMC7037647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by the chronic loss of kidney function due to high glucose renal levels. HK-2 proximal tubular cells are good candidates to study this disease. The aim of this work was to study an in vitro model of high glucose-induced metabolic alterations in HK-2 cells to contribute to the pathogenesis of this diabetic complication. An untargeted metabolomics strategy based on CE-MS was developed to find metabolites affected under high glucose conditions. Intracellular and extracellular fluids from HK-2 cells treated with 25 mM glucose (high glucose group), with 5.5 mM glucose (normal glucose group), and with 5.5 mM glucose and 19.5 mM mannitol (osmotic control group) were analyzed. The main changes induced by high glucose were found in the extracellular medium where increased levels of four amino acids were detected. Three of them (alanine, proline, and glutamic acid) were exported from HK-2 cells to the extracellular medium. Other affected metabolites include Amadori products and cysteine, which are more likely cause and consequence, respectively, of the oxidative stress induced by high glucose in HK-2 cells. The developed CE-MS platform provides valuable insight into high glucose-induced metabolic alterations in proximal tubular cells and allows identifying discriminative molecules of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bernardo-Bermejo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (S.B.-B.); (E.S.-L.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (S.B.-B.); (E.S.-L.); (M.C.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (S.B.-B.); (E.S.-L.); (M.C.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Selma Benito-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (S.B.-M.); (F.J.L.-C.)
- “Ramón y Cajal” Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Lucio-Cazaña
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (S.B.-M.); (F.J.L.-C.)
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (S.B.-B.); (E.S.-L.); (M.C.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-885-4935; Fax: +34-91-885-4971
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González-García E, Sánchez-Nieves J, de la Mata FJ, Marina ML, García MC. Feasibility of cationic carbosilane dendrimers for sustainable protein sample preparation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110746. [PMID: 31877444 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein sample preparation is the bottleneck in the analysis of proteins. The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of carbosilane dendrimers functionalized with cationic groups to make easier this step. Anionic carbosilane dendrimers (sulphonate- and carboxylate-terminated) have already demonstrated their interaction with proteins and their potential in protein sample preparation. In this work, interactions between positively charged carbosilane dendrimers and different model proteins were studied when working under different pH conditions, dendrimer concentrations, and dendrimer generations. Amino- and trimethylammonium-terminated carbosilane dendrimers presented, in some cases, weak interactions with proteins. Unlike them, carbosilane dendrimers with terminal dimethylamino groups could interact, in many cases, with proteins and these interactions were affected by the pH, the dendrimer concentration, and the dendrimer generation. Moreover, dendrimer precipitation was observed at all pHs, although just second and fourth generation (2 G and 4 G) dendrimers resulted in the formation of complexes with proteins. Under experimental conditions promoting dendrimer-protein interactions, 2 G dimethylamino-terminated dendrimers were proposed as an alternative to other methods used in analytical chemistry or analysis in which an organic solvent or a resin are required to enrich/purify proteins in a complex sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía González-García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez-Nieves
- Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Concepción García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río", Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Jiménez-Jiménez S, Casado N, García MÁ, Marina ML. Enantiomeric analysis of pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticides. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1605:360345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Casado N, Valimaña-Traverso J, García MÁ, Marina ML. Enantiomeric Determination of Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Samples by Electrokinetic Chromatography. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 50:554-584. [PMID: 31569950 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1670043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chirality is a relevant issue in the pharmaceutical field due to the different biological activity that enantiomers of a chiral drug can show. In fact, the desired biological or pharmaceutical activity might be present in only one of the enantiomers, while the other enantiomer(s) may have different biological activity, be inactive or even toxic. This has motivated in recent years the development of drugs marketed as pure enantiomers to avoid exposing the organism to the action of enantiomers that may not be active or even harmful to health. Thus, it is of high interest to develop enantioselective analytical methodologies to control the presence of enantiomeric impurities and to understand the enantioselective metabolism of chiral drugs. This review gives an overview about the analytical strategies developed by electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) from 2010 to June 2019 for the enantiomeric determination of drugs in both pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples. The types of chiral selectors used, the migration order of enantiomers, their resolution, the detection technique employed and the sensitivity achieved are revised and compared. Also, applications to assess the enantiomeric purity control of pharmaceutical formulations and to determine chiral drugs in biological samples to study their metabolism are included. Advantages and limitations of the chiral methods developed by EKC are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Casado
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Valimaña-Traverso
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Química, "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Química, "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Casado N, Saz JM, García MÁ, Marina ML. Modeling-based optimization of the simultaneous enantiomeric separation of multicomponent mixtures of phenoxy acid herbicides using dual cyclodextrin systems by Capillary Electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1610:460552. [PMID: 31547959 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the Dubsky's model proposed for Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) enantioseparation systems with a mixture of chiral selectors was applied to the rapid optimization of the simultaneous enantiomeric separation of a multicomponent mixture of six phenoxy acid herbicides using a dual system of two cyclodextrins (CDs), (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-CD (HP-β-CD) and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD (TM-β-CD). Simply by carrying out a small number of individual experiments separately with each CD, the Dubsky's model enabled to foresee the results that could be obtained for any possible combination of concentrations and relative proportion of both CDs in the mixture. Results obtained in this work demonstrated that the model was successful by improving the previous results experimentally obtained by the trial and error method for the simultaneous enantiomeric separation of the six phenoxy acid herbicides studied in this work. In fact, the separation was improved in terms of enantiomeric resolutions obtained (from 1.2 to 4.2 for concentrations of CDs of 4 mM HP-β-CD and 16 mM TM-β-CD) and by considerably reducing the time to optimize the separation conditions enabling to find, in a faster and efficient way, the most adequate proportion of both CDs and the concentration of each CD in the mixture to obtain baseline separation of the twelve enantiomers. Additionally, the apparent complexation constants between enantiomers and each CD were calculated. This is the first time that the above-mentioned model was applied to a multicomponent mixture of chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Casado
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - José María Saz
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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Casado N, Salgado A, Castro-Puyana M, García MÁ, Marina ML. Enantiomeric separation of ivabradine by cyclodextrin-electrokinetic chromatography. Effect of amino acid chiral ionic liquids. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1608:460407. [PMID: 31383356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A chiral methodology was developed for the first time to ensure the quality control of ivabradine, a novel anti-ischemic and heart rate lowering drug commercialized as a pure enantiomer. With this aim, electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) was employed and the enantiomeric separation of ivabradine was investigated using different anionic and neutral cyclodextrins (CDs) and amino acid-based chiral ionic liquids (CILs) as sole chiral selectors. Baseline separation was only achieved with sulfated CDs, and the best enantiomeric resolution was obtained with sulfated-γ-CD. Under the optimized conditions, ivabradine enantiomers were separated in 6 min with a resolution of 2.7. Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments showed a 1:1 stoichiometry for the enantiomer-CD complexes and apparent and averaged equilibrium constants were determined. The combined use of sulfated-γ-CD and different CILs as dual separation systems was investigated, resulting in a significant increase in the resolution. The use of 5 mM tetrabutylammonium-aspartic acid ([TBA][L-Asp]) in 50 mM formate buffer (pH 2.0) containing 4 mM sulfated-γ-CD were considered the best conditions in terms of resolution and migration times for ivabradine enantiomers. Nevertheless, as no inversion of the enantiomer migration order was observed when combining CILs and sulfated-γ-CD and a good enantiomeric resolution and efficiency were obtained using just sulfated-γ-CD as the sole chiral selector, the analytical characteristics of this method were evaluated, showing good recovery (98% and 103% for S- and R-ivabradine, respectively) and precision values (RSD < 5% for instrumental repeatability, < 6% for method repeatability and < 7% for intermediate precision). The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.22 and 0.28 μg mL-1 for S- and R-ivabradine, respectively, and the method enabled to detect a 0.1% of the enantiomeric impurity, allowing to accomplish the requirements of the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of a pharmaceutical formulation of ivabradine. The content of R-ivabradine was below the LOD and the amount of S-ivabradine was in agreement to the labeled content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Casado
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Salgado
- Centro de Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear (CERMN), Centro de Apoyo a la Investigación en Química (CAIQ), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Salido-Fortuna S, Greño M, Castro-Puyana M, Marina ML. Amino acid chiral ionic liquids combined with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin for drug enantioseparation by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1607:460375. [PMID: 31353071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Four amino acid chiral ionic liquids were evaluated in dual systems with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin to investigate the enantioseparation by CE of a group of seven drugs as model compounds (duloxetine, verapamil, terbutaline, econazole, sulconazole, metoprolol, and nadolol). The use of two of these chiral ionic liquids (tetramethylammonium L-Lysine ([TMA][L-Lys]) and tetramethylammonium L-glutamic acid ([TMA][L-Glu])) as modifiers in CE is reported for the first time in this work whereas tetrabutylammonium L-lysine ([TBA][L-Lys]) and tetrabutylammonium L-glutamic acid ([TBA][L-Glu]) were employed previously in CE although very scarcely. The effect of the nature and the concentration of each ionic liquid added to the separation buffer containing the neutral cyclodextrin on the enantiomeric resolution and the migration time obtained for each drug, was investigated. A synergistic effect was observed when combining each chiral ionic liquid with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in the case of the five compounds for which the cyclodextrin showed enantiomeric discrimination power when used as sole chiral selector (duloxetine, verapamil, terbutaline, econazole, sulconazole). Buffer concentration and pH, temperature and separation voltage were varied in order to optimize the enantiomeric separation of these five compounds using dual systems giving rise to resolutions ranging from 1.1 to 6.6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Salido-Fortuna
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Maider Greño
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río. Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río. Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
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Vásquez-Villanueva R, Plaza M, García MC, Turner C, Marina ML. A sustainable approach for the extraction of cholesterol-lowering compounds from an olive by-product based on CO 2-expanded ethyl acetate. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:5885-5896. [PMID: 31280476 PMCID: PMC6704084 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Olive (Olea europaea) processing results in large amounts of by-products that contain valuable molecules such as phenolic compounds and phytosterols. These molecules have demonstrated to reduce blood cholesterol levels. This work proposes the development of a method to obtain simultaneously phenolic compounds and phytosterols from the olive stone using CO2-expanded liquid extraction. Hansen solubility parameters were employed for the theoretical prediction of the most suitable bio-based solvent to extract target compounds. The Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to select the optimal conditions of pressure (8-25 MPa), the molar fraction of CO2 in ethyl acetate (0.15-0.55), and the temperature (40-80 °C). Extracts showing the highest and the lowest reductions of micellar cholesterol solubility capacity were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to find out the compounds responsible for this activity. Different phenolic compounds, free fatty acids, and phytosterols were identified in the extracts. β-Sitosterol and, especially, tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol were the compounds that primarily contributed to the reduction of micellar cholesterol solubility capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Vásquez-Villanueva
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Merichel Plaza
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Concepción García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Charlotta Turner
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100, Lund, Sweden.
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Xu D, Wang Q, Sánchez-López E, Jiang Z, Marina ML. Preparation of an O-[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethylcarbamoyl]-10,11-dihydroquinidine-silica hybrid monolithic column for the enantioseparation of amino acids by nano-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1593:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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