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Zhang G, Li X, Huang C, Jiang Y, Su J, Hu Y. Preparation of the Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine Liposome Gel and Its Transdermal Study. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4617-4632. [PMID: 37600118 PMCID: PMC10438440 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s422305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to develop a liposome gel containing levo-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) and evaluate its transdermal properties. Methods A L16 (43) orthogonal experiment was conducted to optimize the preparation of l-THP liposomes and assess their characterization and stability in a gel. The transdermal features were analyzed through in vivo and in vitro experiments on rats and Strat-M® membrane, respectively. The metabolism of l-THP in liver and skin S9 fractions was also studied. Results The optimization of the orthogonal experiment revealed that the ideal mass ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and l-THP during preparation was 10:1:3. The resulting liposome exhibited a particle size of 68 nm, a PDI of 0.27, a drug loading of 4.33%, an encapsulation of 18.79%, and a zeta potential of -41.27 mV. Both the l-THP and its liposome-gel formulation were found to be stable for a duration of 45 days at 4 °C and 30 °C. During the in vivo transdermal study, the maximum concentration (Cmax) of l-THP from the liposome gel was 0.16 μg/mL, and the time to reach this maximum concentration (tmax) was 1.2 hours. The relative bioavailability of l-THP in the liposome gel was 233.8% compared to the emulsion. The concentration of l-THP (prepared in PBS) decreased at a rate of 0.0067 μg/mL/min in the liver S9 fraction and 0.0027 μg/mL/min in the skin S9 fraction, however, this difference was not observed when l-THP was encapsulated in liposomes. l-THP passed through the Strat-M® membrane at a rate of 0.0032 mg/cm2/h and 0.002 mg/cm2/h for the emulsion and liposome gel, respectively. Conclusion The optimal process for the preparation of l-THP liposomes was obtained. Compared to the emulsion, the liposomes provided greater bioavailability when used transdermally. The liposomes also provided greater stability for l-THP during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhen Zhang
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejian Li
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyun Huang
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Su
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Oleinichenko D, Ahn S, Song R, Snutch TP, Phillips AG. Morphine Withdrawal-Induced Hyperalgesia in Models of Acute and Extended Withdrawal Is Attenuated by l-Tetrahydropalmatine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108872. [PMID: 37240217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective pain control is an underappreciated aspect of managing opioid withdrawal, and its absence presents a significant barrier to successful opioid detoxification. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for effective non-opioid treatments to facilitate opioid detoxification. l-Tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) possesses powerful analgesic properties and is an active ingredient in botanical formulations used in Vietnam for the treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome. In this study, rats receiving morphine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) for 5 days per week displayed a progressive increase in pain thresholds during acute 23 h withdrawal as assessed by an automated Von Frey test. A single dose of l-THP (5 or 7.5 mg/kg, p.o.) administered during the 4th and 5th weeks of morphine treatment significantly improves pain tolerance scores. A 7-day course of l-THP treatment in animals experiencing extended withdrawal significantly attenuates hyperalgesia and reduces the number of days to recovery to baseline pain thresholds by 61% when compared to vehicle-treated controls. This indicates that the efficacy of l-THP on pain perception extends beyond its half-life. As a non-opioid treatment for reversing a significant hyperalgesic state during withdrawal, l-THP may be a valuable addition to the currently limited arsenal of opioid detoxification treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Oleinichenko
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Soyon Ahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ru Song
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Terrance P Snutch
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anthony G Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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3
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High-Throughput Sequencing Reveals That Rotundine Inhibits Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Prognosis-Related Genes. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030550. [PMID: 36983731 PMCID: PMC10052610 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rotundine is an herbal medicine with anti-cancer effects. However, little is known about the anti-cancer effect of rotundine on colorectal cancer. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the specific molecular mechanism of rotundine inhibition of colorectal cancer. Methods: MTT and cell scratch assay were performed to investigate the effects of rotundine on the viability, migration, and invasion ability of SW480 cells. Changes in cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. DEGs were detected by high-throughput sequencing after the action of rotundine on SW480 cells, and the DEGs were subjected to function enrichment analysis. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to screen out prognosis-related DEGs of COAD. Followed by enrichment analysis of prognosis-related DEGs. Furthermore, prognostic models were constructed, including ROC analysis, risk curve analysis, PCA and t-SNE, Nomo analysis, and Kaplan–Meier prognostic analysis. Results: In this study, we showed that rotundine concentrations of 50 μM, 100 μM, 150 μM, and 200 μM inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SW480 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Rotundine does not induce SW480 cell apoptosis. Compared to the control group, high-throughput results showed that there were 385 DEGs in the SW480 group. And DEGs were associated with the Hippo signaling pathway. In addition, 16 of the DEGs were significantly associated with poorer prognosis in COAD, with MEF2B, CCDC187, PSD2, RGS16, PLXDC1, HELB, ASIC3, PLCH2, IGF2BP3, CLHC1, DNHD1, SACS, H1-4, ANKRD36, and ZNF117 being highly expressed in COAD and ARV1 being lowly expressed. Prognosis-related DEGs were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways and biological functions, such as inositol phosphate metabolism, enterobactin transmembrane transporter activity, and enterobactin transport. Prognostic modeling also showed that these 16 DEGs could be used as predictors of overall survival prognosis in COAD patients. Conclusions: Rotundine inhibits the development and progression of colorectal cancer by regulating the expression of these prognosis-related genes. Our findings could further provide new directions for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Nie Q, Wang C, Xu H, Mittal P, Naeem A, Zhou P, Li H, Zhang Y, Guo T, Sun L, Zhang J. Highly efficient pulmonary delivery of levo-tetrahydropalmatine using γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework as a drug delivery platform. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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5
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Du Q, Meng X, Wang S. A Comprehensive Review on the Chemical Properties, Plant Sources, Pharmacological Activities, Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Characteristics of Tetrahydropalmatine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:890078. [PMID: 35559252 PMCID: PMC9086320 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydropalmatine (THP), a tetrahydroproberine isoquinoline alkaloid, is widely present in some botanical drugs, such as Stephania epigaea H.S. Lo (Menispermaceae; Radix stephaniae epigaeae), Corydalis yanhusuo (Y.H.Chou & Chun C.Hsu) W.T. Wang ex Z.Y. Su and C.Y. Wu (Papaveraceae; Corydalis rhizoma), and Phellodendron chinense C.K.Schneid (Berberidaceae; Phellodendri chinensis cortex). THP has attracted considerable attention because of its diverse pharmacological activities. In this review, the chemical properties, plant sources, pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic and toxicological characteristics of THP were systematically summarized for the first time. The results indicated that THP mainly existed in Papaveraceae and Menispermaceae families. Its pharmacological activities include anti-addiction, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective, and antitumor effects. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that THP was inadequately absorbed in the intestine and had rapid clearance and low bioavailability in vivo, as well as self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems, which could increase the absorption level and absorption rate of THP and improve its bioavailability. In addition, THP may have potential cardiac and neurological toxicity, but toxicity studies of THP are limited, especially its long-duration and acute toxicity tests. In summary, THP, as a natural alkaloid, has application prospects and potential development value, which is promising to be a novel drug for the treatment of pain, inflammation, and other related diseases. Further research on its potential target, molecular mechanism, toxicity, and oral utilization should need to be strengthened in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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6
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Liu J, Dai R, Damiescu R, Efferth T, Lee DYW. Role of Levo-tetrahydropalmatine and its metabolites for management of chronic pain and opioid use disorders. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153594. [PMID: 34144869 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioids have been prescribed to reduce suffering from pain and to enhance quality of life. Due to the addictive potential and the lack of other effective alternatives to treat severe acute and chronic pains, opioids remain a serious public health issue. While, opioids directly influence the drug-seeking behavior, tolerance and withdrawal processes, through neuroadaptation, the brain's endogenous opioid system also adapts in the presence of chronic pain and could contribute to the difficulty of treatment. Despite the seemingly obvious interaction between the presence of pain and opioid-abuse, little is known about the underlying mechanisms in the brain. PURPOSE To review the current understanding of the interaction mechanisms of neurotransmitter circuitries in pain modulation and reward in the brain and the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) and its metabolites in pain management and opioid use disorder and gain a better insight on the pharmacological profile and in vivo effects of L-THP and its metabolites. METHOD A detailed literature search on available (preclinical and clinical) studies about the effects of L-THP and its metabolites against drug addiction and chronic pain has been performed. The data was collected using various search engines such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google scholar and articles in English up to December 2020 were included in this review. RESULTS L-THP and its metabolites demonstrated analgesic and anti-addiction effects. Due to their dual pharmacological properties (D1 partial agonist and D2 antagonist) these compounds could be used as molecular tools to provide a better understanding of the interactions between pain and addiction. CONCLUSION The available data confirms the potential of L-THP and its metabolites to treat both chronic pain and drug addiction. However, further clinical trials are needed to establish safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Ronghua Dai
- Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Roxana Damiescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Y W Lee
- Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
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7
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Li Y, Zhang T, Huai J, Cheng C, Xie L, Wang S, Dai R. Pharmacokinetic study of three different formulations of l-tetrahydropalmatine in brain tissues of rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5066. [PMID: 33452741 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
l-Tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP), an active alkaloid compound isolated from Rhizoma Corydalis-yanhusuo, has been reported to possess biological activity for treating cocaine use. To enhance both oral bioavailability and brain penetration, three formulations of l-THP suspension, mixture of l-THP-puerarin and self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) were prepared. A sensitive and reliable ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of l-THP and its active metabolite l-isocorypalmine (l-ICP) in rat brain. Diazepam was used as the internal standard. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Bonshell ASB C18 column at 30°C using acetonitrile-aqueous formic acid as mobile phase in gradient mode. The linearity was validated over the concentration ranges of 4.00-2,500 ng/ml for l-THP and 0.400-500 ng/ml for l-ICP. Full method validation was within the acceptance limits. The method was successfully used to determine the pharmacokinetics of two analytes following oral administration of these three formulations to rats. A significant difference was observed in the main pharmacokinetic parameters between SMEDDS and the suspension, and a 3.25- and 2.97-fold increase in the relative bioavailability of l-THP and l-ICP, respectively, was observed with the SMEDDS compared with the suspension formulation. It was concluded that SMEDDS enhanced the absorption of l-THP and l-ICP and delayed their release in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Huai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Congcong Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Linlin Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ronghua Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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8
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Xiao W, Deng Z, Lai C, Lu H, Huang M, Wen Y, Shi L. Inhibitory effect of ketoconazole, quinidine and 1-aminobenzotriazole on pharmacokinetics of l-tetrahydropalmatine and its metabolite in rats. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:447-454. [PMID: 33347343 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1867928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) is mainly metabolised by CYP450 enzymes.This study was to investigate the possible effect of co-administered CYP inhibitors on the pharmacokinetics of l-THP and its metabolites in rats.An established LC-MS/MS method has been applied for the evaluation of drug-drug interaction between l-THP and CYP inhibitors. Following the administration of CYP inhibitors, a single dose of l-THP (9 mg/kg) was orally administrated.With regard to l-THP, the AUC0-48 were significantly increased by 4.3, 3.79, and 11.39 folds, and Cmax were increased by 4.74, 3.64, and 2.76 folds in the ketoconazole group (KET), quinidine group (QD), and 1-aminobenzotriazole group (ABT), respectively. KET and QD both significantly increased the AUC0-48 of 2-DM and 2-DM-Glu by 1.38 ∼ 2.43 times, while Cmax was significantly decreased by 41.3 and 78.0% in the ABT group, respectively. The Cmax of 3-DM was reduced by 51.38, 48.02, and 63.31% after pre-treatment with KET, QD, and ABT, respectively, and Cmax of 3-DM-Glu decreased correspondingly by 29.6, 22.1, and 58.0%.Results indicated that CYP inhibitors could markedly influence the systemic level of l-THP and its metabolites. To guarantee the safe use of l-THP, attention should be paid when l-THP was co-administered with CYP inhibitors, particularly with CYP3A4 and 2D6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongfa Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyang Lu
- Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mutu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuguan Wen
- Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Yu C, Wang F, Liu X, Miao J, Tang S, Jiang Q, Tang X, Gao X. Corydalis Rhizoma as a model for herb-derived trace metabolites exploration: A cross-mapping strategy involving multiple doses and samples. J Pharm Anal 2020; 11:308-319. [PMID: 34277119 PMCID: PMC8264384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the metabolites of multiple components in herbal medicine has far-reaching significance for revealing pharmacodynamic ingredients. However, most chemical components of herbal medicine are secondary metabolites with low content whose in vivo metabolites are close to trace amounts, making it difficult to achieve comprehensive detection and identification. In this paper, an efficient strategy was proposed: herb-derived metabolites were predicted according to the structural characteristics and metabolic reactions of chemical constituents in Corydalis Rhizoma and chemical structure screening tables for metabolites were conducted. The fragmentation patterns were summarized from representative standards combining with specific cleavage behaviors to deduce structures of metabolites. Ion abundance plays an important role in compound identification, and high ion abundance can improve identification accuracy. The types of metabolites in different biological samples were very similar, but their ion abundance might be different. Therefore, for trace metabolites in biological samples, we used the following two methods to process: metabolites of high dose herbal extract were analyzed to characterize those of clinical dose herbal extracts in the same biological samples; cross-mapping of different biological samples was applied to identify trace metabolites based on the fact that a metabolite has different ion abundance in different biological samples. Compared with not using this strategy, 44 more metabolites of clinical dose herbal extract were detected. This study improved the depth, breadth, and accuracy of current methods for herb-derived metabolites characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Gastroenterology Department, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, PR China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Jiayan Miao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Siqi Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Qin Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Gastroenterology Department, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
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Nesbit MO, Phillips AG. Tetrahydroprotoberberines: A Novel Source of Pharmacotherapies for Substance Use Disorders? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:147-161. [PMID: 31987662 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs) are a class of compounds that target both dopamine D1 and D2 families of receptors, making them attractive candidates for treating substance use disorder (SUD). The binding of some THPBs to serotonin and adrenergic receptors, in addition to dopamine receptors, gives rise to complex pharmacological profiles. Significant progress has been made over the last decade in examining these compounds for their therapeutic potential. Here, we evaluate recent discoveries relating to the neural mechanism and therapeutic effects of THPBs, focusing on compounds that have shown promise in animal models of SUD and preliminary clinical studies. Advancements in structure-activity relationship studies and in silico modeling of THPB binding to dopamine receptors have facilitated the synthesis of novel THPBs with enhanced therapeutic properties and provide insights regarding use of the THPB scaffold to serve as a template for innovative drug designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya O Nesbit
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 3402-2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Anthony G Phillips
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 3402-2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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11
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Li Y, Zhang T, Huai J, Cheng C, Xie L, Wang S, Dai R. Metabolite profiling ofl-isocorypalmine in rat urine, plasma, and feces after oral administration using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:619-627. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Huai
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Congcong Cheng
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Linlin Xie
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Dai
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning Province P. R. China
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12
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Shen C, Shan T, Zhao W, Ou C, Li L, Liu X, Liu J, Yu B. Regio- and enantioselective O-demethylation of tetrahydroprotoberberines by cytochrome P450 enzyme system from Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:761-776. [PMID: 30368581 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs), a class of naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloids, contain substituent methoxyl or hydroxyl groups which play a significant role in the pharmacological properties of these molecules. In this study, we report a biocatalytic strategy for selective O-demethylation of THPBs. CYP105D1, a cytochrome P450 from Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273, exhibited markedly regioselective demethylation of nonhydroxyl-THPBs and monohydroxyl-THPBs on the D-ring. A possible binding mode of THPBs with CYP105D1 was investigated by docking analysis, and the results revealed that the D-rings of THPBs were with the minimum distance to the heme iron. Tetrahydropalmatine was used as a model substrate and enantioselective demethylation was demonstrated. (S)-Tetrahydropalmatine was only demethylated at C-10, while (R)-tetrahydropalmatine was first demethylated at C-10 and then subsequently demethylated at C-9. The kcat/Km value for demethylation of (R)-tetrahydropalmatine by CYP105D1 was 3.7 times greater than that for demethylation of (S)-tetrahydropalmatine. Furthermore, selective demethylation of (S)-tetrahydropalmatine by the CYP105D1-based whole-cell system was demonstrated for the highly efficient production of (S)-corydalmine which has distinct pharmacological applications, such as providing relief from bone cancer pain and reducing morphine tolerance. Moreover, a homologous redox partner was identified to enhance the catalytic efficiency of the CYP105D1-based whole-cell system. This is the first enzymatic characterization of a cytochrome P450 that has regio- and enantioselective demethylation activity of THPBs for application purpose. The cytochrome P450 system could be a promising strategy for selective demethylation in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyue Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanli Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenhui Ou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiufeng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jihua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Boyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
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