QbD‐based development of an extraction procedure for simultaneous quantification of telmisartan, amlodipine besylate and chlorthalidone in combination complex matrix formulation

Development of amlodipine and enalapril combined tablets based on quality by design and artificial neural network for confirming of qualitative composition

Using approaches of Quality by design, namely dispersion analysis, random balance method, regression analysis and neural networks, the composition and technology tablets based on amlodipine besylate and enalapril maleate have been developed. Using dispersion analysis was determined the effect of 30 excipients on 10 pharmaco-technological parameters of tablets. With the help of the desirability function, the leaders of the excipients were selected from 6 functional groups. It was confirmed that the composition with the best pharmaco-technological parameters, determined by using statistical methods, coincides with the results studies the synthesized Feed-forward neural network. The quantities of preferable excipients at 3 levels were identified by the random balance method. The relationship between the studied factors and the quality of the tablets was described by regression equations. Based on the placement of equal output lines, the optimal composition of amlodipine tablets with enalapril was established.

A Novel high throughput 96-well based Fluorimetric Method to Measure Amikacin in Pharmaceutical Formulations: Development using Response Surface Methodology

An aminoglycoside antibiotic, amikacin, is used to treat severe and recurring bacterial infections. Due to the absence of a chromophore, however, amikacin must be extensively derivatized before being quantified, both in analytical and bioanalytical samples. In this study, for the first time, we developed a simple and sensitive method for measuring amikacin sulfate by spectrofluorimetry using a 96-well plate reader, based on the design of the experiment's approach. To develop a robust and reproducible spectrofluorimetric method, the influence of essential attributes, namely pH of the buffer, heating temperature, and concentration of reagents, were evaluated by univariate analysis followed by multivariate analysis (central composite design). ICH guidelines were used to validate the optimized method. The developed technique is linear from 1.9 to 10 μg/mL with a regression coefficient of 0.9991. The detection and quantification limits were 0.649 μg/mL and 1.9 μg/mL, respectively. For the developed method, both intra- and inter-day precision (%RSD) were below 5%. Using the method, amikacin concentrations were quantified in prepared amikacin liposomes and commercial formulations of Amicin®. The developed method greatly reduces sample volume and is a rapid, high throughput microplate-based fluorescence approach for the convenient and cost-effective measurement of amikacin in pharmaceutical formulations. In comparison to previously published approaches, the suggested method allowed for quick analysis of a high number of samples in a short amount of time (96 samples in 125 seconds), resulting in an average duration of analysis of 1.3 seconds per sample.

Development and validation of a RP-UPLC method for the determination of betamethasone dipropionate impurities in topical formulations using a multivariate central composite design

The current study presents a specific, accurate, simple, and rapid UPLC method for the determination of impurities present in cream and ointment formulations of betamethasone dipropionate (BMD). The analytical method was optimized using central composite design (CCD) prior to the method validation. Critical Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) were identified for the analytical method. A total of 17 experiments were carried out and verified the individual and interaction effects of CPPs. The CPPs were optimized using a numerical method by keeping the CQAs within the desired range (R1-R2: minimize & R3-R5: maximize) as an optimization goal. Optimized chromatographic separation was achieved using a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C₁₈, 100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm column with a gradient mode of elution comprising 20 mM phosphate buffer: ACN 70 : 30, v/v as mobile phase-A and 20 mM phosphate buffer: ACN 30 : 70, v/v as mobile phase-B. The developed method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines. The validation data conclude that the developed method is specific, accurate, linear, precise, rugged, and robust for the quantification of impurities in BMD topical formulations.