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Čarapić M, Marković B, Pavlovic M, Agbaba D, Nikolic K. Comparative study of performances of UHPLC-MS/MS and HPLC/UV methods for analysis of ziprasidone and its main impurities. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2022.01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ziprasidone is the second generation antipsychotic drug with unique multipotent G-protein-coupled (GPCR) receptor binding profile. Since ziprasidone is a highly lipophilic and unstable compound, development of efficient method for a concurrent assay of ziprasidone and its main impurities was a very challenging task.
The UHPLC-MS/MS method that we developed for simultaneous determination of ziprasidone and its main impurities (BITP, Chloroethyl-chloroindolinone, Zip-oxide, Zip-dimer, and Zip-BIT) was compared with some other related HPLC-UV methods of our own and other authorship. An increase of the mobile phase pH value from 2.5 to 4.7 units in the examined analytical methods influenced elution order of the investigated compounds. It was found out that the UHPLC-MS/MS method is more selective and sensitive than the earlier developed HPLC-UV method. Similar to our earlier HPLC-UV method, the UHPLC-MS/MS method is linear with a correlation coefficient (r) above 0.99 for all the analysed compounds, but with a negligibly lower precision and accuracy. Finally, with shorter analysis time, smaller column size and reduction of solvent consumption, UHPLC-MS/MS is assumed as a greener method than HPLC-UV for the ziprasidone purity assay.
After transfer of the UHPLC-MS/MS method to the UHPLC-DAD system, suitability of the UHPLC-DAD method for routine control of ziprasidone and its main impurities is examined and confirmed based on the retained good selectivity, resolution and short analysis time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Čarapić
- Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia, Vojvode Stepe 458, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Marković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, PO Box 146,11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Pavlovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, PO Box 146,11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Agbaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, PO Box 146,11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, PO Box 146,11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Čarapić M, Nikolic K, Marković B, Petković M, Pavlovic M, Agbaba D. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the rapid, simultaneous analysis of ziprasidone and its impurities. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4384. [PMID: 30215855 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The separation and characterization of the unknown degradation product of second-generation antipsychotic drug ziprasidone are essential for defining the genotoxic potential of the compound. The aim of this study was to develop a simple UHPLC method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for chemical characterization of an unknown degradant, and the separation and quantification of ziprasidone and its five main impurities (I-V) in the raw material and pharmaceuticals. Chromatographic conditions were optimized by experimental design. The MS/MS fragmentation conditions were optimized individually for each compound in order to obtain both specific fragments and high signal intensity. A rapid and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed. All seven analytes were eluted within the 7 min run time. The best separation was obtained on the Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (50 × 2.1 mm × 1.7 μm) column in gradient mode with ammonium-formate buffer (10 mm; pH 4.7) and acetonitrile as mobile phase, with the flow rate of 0.3 mL min-1 and at the column temperature of 30°C. The new UHPLC-MS/MS method was fully validated and all validation parameters were confirmed. The fragmentation pathways and chemical characterization of an unknown degradant were proposed and it was confirmed that there are no structural alerts concerning genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Čarapić
- Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Marković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Petković
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Pavlovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Agbaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Moein MM, El Beqqali A, Abdel-Rehim M. Bioanalytical method development and validation: Critical concepts and strategies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1043:3-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Sistik P, Urinovska R, Brozmanova H, Kacirova I, Silhan P, Lemr K. Fast simultaneous LC/MS/MS determination of 10 active compounds in human serum for therapeutic drug monitoring in psychiatric medication. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:217-24. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Sistik
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 779 00 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Romana Urinovska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
| | - Hana Brozmanova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Ostrava
| | - Ivana Kacirova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics; University Hospital Ostrava; Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Ostrava
| | - Petr Silhan
- Department of Psychiatry; University Hospital Ostrava; 708 52 Ostrava Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Palacky University; 779 00 Olomouc Czech Republic
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Dried blood spot testing: a novel approach for the therapeutic drug monitoring of ziprasidone-treated patients. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:1487-95. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A novel analytical approach, based on dried blood spot (DBS) testing, has been developed, validated and applied for the first time to the analysis of ziprasidone (ZPR) for the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of schizophrenic patients. DBS represent a more feasible but reliable matrix, alternative to blood and plasma. Methods: The assays were carried out using an HPLC method with native fluorescence. Blood drops were applied to DBS cards and dried by microwaves, an internal standard solution was added to the DBS and 5-mm punches were cut out for analysis. ZPR was extracted from DBS with methanol, giving good extraction yields, precision and selectivity results. Results: The method was applied with satisfactory results to DBS samples from psychiatric patients to determine ZPR levels for therapy optimization. Conclusion: This innovative methodology provides reliable and significant TDM information, with important advantages over classical blood sampling in terms of collection, storage and processing.
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Mercolini L, Protti M, Fulgenzi G, Mandrioli R, Ghedini N, Conca A, Raggi MA. A fast and feasible microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) procedure for HPLC analysis of the atypical antipsychotic ziprasidone in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 88:467-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Raj S, Kumari KS, Krishnaiah C, Rao AN. DEVELOPMENT OF A STABILITY-INDICATING UPLC METHOD FOR DETERMINING ZIPRASIDONE HYDROCHLORIDE AND ITS ASSOCIATED DEGRADATION PRODUCTS PRESENT IN ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.678460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Raj
- a Department of Chemistry , Osmania University , Hyderabad , AP , India
| | - K. Siva Kumari
- b Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Bachupally , Hyderabad , AP , India
| | - Ch. Krishnaiah
- b Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Bachupally , Hyderabad , AP , India
| | - A. Narasimha Rao
- b Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Bachupally , Hyderabad , AP , India
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Skibiński R. PHOTOSTABILITY STUDY AND IDENTIFICATION OF PHOTODEGRADATION PRODUCTS OF ZIPRASIDONE BY UHPLC-DAD/ESI-Q-TOF. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.627623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Skibiński
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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Uřinovská R, Brozmanová H, Sištík P, Silhán P, Kacířová I, Lemr K, Grundmann M. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of five antidepressants and four atypical antipsychotics and their main metabolites in human serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 907:101-7. [PMID: 23026228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The rapid and simple ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination parent drugs: sertraline, fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine, venlafaxine, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, and their active and nonactive metabolites N-desmethylsertraline, norfluoxetine, desmethylcitalopram, didemethylcitalopram, N-desmethylvenlafaxine, O-desmethylvenlafaxine, N-desmethylclozapine, N-desmethylolanzapine, 2-hydroxyolanzapine and 9-hydroxyrisperidone in human serum. Precipitation of serum proteins was performed with a precipitation reagent consisting of 0.05% solution of ZnSO(4)·7H(2)O in acetonitrile/methanol (40:60, v/v). Alprenolol was used as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a BEH C18 column using gradient elution mobile phase A (2 mmol/L ammonium acetate, 0.1% formic acid in 5% acetonitrile, v/v/v) and B (2 mmol/L ammonium acetate, 0.1% formic acid in 95% acetonitrile, v/v/v). Electrospray in positive mode was used for ionization. Detection was performed on a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring. Analysis time was 5 min. Drugs were separated into three groups with low, medium and high levels. Correlation coefficients of calibration curves were in the range 0.995-1.000. Coefficients of variation were 4.2-9.5% for intra-assay and 3.0-11.9% for inter-assay. Recoveries were 87.1-110% for intra-assay and 88.1-108.2% for inter-assay. The method was fully validated and can be successfully applied for routine analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Uřinovská
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava and University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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Marghade S, Musmade PB, Moorkoth S. High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Assay for Ziprasidone in Plasma Samples: Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies in Rats. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:902-8. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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11
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Atypical antipsychotics: trends in analysis and sample preparation of various biological samples. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:961-80. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical antipsychotics are increasingly popular and increasingly prescribed. In some countries, they can even be obtained over-the-counter, without a prescription, making their abuse quite easy. Although atypical antipsychotics are thought to be safer than typical antipsychotics, they still have severe side effects. Intoxications are not rare and some of them have a fatal outcome. Drug interactions involving atypical antipsychotics complicate patient management in clinical settings and the determination of the cause of death in fatalities. In view of the above, analytical strategies that can efficiently isolate atypical antipsychotics from a variety of biological samples and quantify them accurately, sensitively and reliably, are of utmost importance both for the clinical, as well as for the forensic toxicologist. In this review, we will present and discuss novel analytical strategies that have been developed from 2004 to the present day for the determination of atypical antipsychotics in various biological samples.
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García MS, Ortuño JA, Cuartero M, Abuherba MS. Use of a new ziprasidone-selective electrode in mixed solvents and its application in the analysis of pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. SENSORS 2011; 11:8813-25. [PMID: 22164107 PMCID: PMC3231489 DOI: 10.3390/s110908813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The construction and characterization of a new ion-selective electrode for the determination of the antipsychotic ziprasidone in mixed solvents is presented. The electrode contains a plasticized polymeric membrane based on a ziprasidone-tetraphenylborate ion-exchanger. The influence of membrane composition on the electrode response towards ziprasidone in hydroalcoholic solutions was studied. The electrode displayed a stable response in a 2:3 (v/v) methanol/water medium from a ziprasidone concentration of 3 × 10−6 M with a fast response time of less than 20 s. The electrode also showed good selectivity towards ziprasidone over common inorganic and organic compounds and several species with pharmacological activity. The electrode was successfully applied to the determination of ziprasidone in pharmaceuticals and human urine and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soledad García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Walash MI, Belal F, El-Enany N, Eid M, El-Shaheny RN. Stability-Indicating Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Assay of Ziprasidone in Capsules. J Fluoresc 2011; 21:1659-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-0855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Lei YQ, Zhang WY, Li HD, Yan M, Zhu RH. Determination of Ziprasidone by UPLC-MS-MS and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study of Chinese Schizophrenics. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Skibiński R, Komsta Ł. Validation of NP-HPTLC and RP-HPTLC methods with videodensitometric detection for analysis of ziprasidone in pharmaceutical formulations. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.23.2010.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Zhang G, Terry AV, Bartlett MG. Determination of the lipophilic antipsychotic drug ziprasidone in rat plasma and brain tissue using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:770-8. [PMID: 18318016 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and robust liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LCESI-MS/MS) method with low matrix effects was developed and validated for the quantification of the lipophilic antipsychotic ziprasidone from rat plasma and brain tissue. Ziprasidone was extracted from rat plasma and brain homogenate using a single-step liquid-liquid extraction. Ziprasidone was separated on an Agilent Eclipse XDB C8 column (150 x 2.1 mm i.d., 5 microm) column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.02% ammonia in water (pH 7.20 adjusted with formic acid) using gradient elution. Ziprasidone was detected in the positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring. The method was validated and the specificity, linearity, lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ), precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effects and stability were determined. The LLOQ was 0.2 ng/mL for plasma and 0.833 ng/g for brain tissue. The method was linear over the concentration range from 0.2 to 200.0 ng/mL for plasma and 0.833-833.3 ng/g for brain tissue. The correlation coefficient (R2) values were more than 0.996 for both plasma and brain homogenate. The precision and accuracy intra-day and inter-day were better than 8.13%. The relative and absolute recovery was above 81.0% and matrix effects were lower than 5.2%. This validated method has been successfully used to quantify the rat plasma and brain tissue concentration of ziprasidone after chronic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2352, USA
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Zhang G, Jr AVT, Bartlett MG. Bioanalytical methods for the determination of antipsychotic drugs. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:671-87. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Farina C, Kremser L, Raggi MA, Kenndler E. Determination of Ziprasidone in pharmaceutical formulations by capillary zone electrophoresis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:471-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2007] [Revised: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Smyth WF, Rodriguez V. Recent studies of the electrospray ionisation behaviour of selected drugs and their application in capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1159:159-74. [PMID: 17512938 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This review is concerned with recent studies of electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) of selected small molecular mass drugs and their application in qualitative and quantitative analytical methods using the techniques liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) and capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MS). The publications reviewed are taken from the Web of Knowledge database for the year 2006. The drugs have molecular mass less than 1000 Da and are chosen according to selected drug classifications in which they give ESI signals primarily as [M+H]+ ions. The drug classifications are antibiotics/antibacterials, steroids, anti-tumour drugs, erectile dysfunction agents, anti-epileptic drugs, antiasthmatic drugs, psychoactive drugs and miscellaneous drugs. Details are given on the fragmentations, where available, that these ionic species exhibit in-source and in ion trap, triple quadrupole and time-of-flight mass spectrometers. Analytical methods for the detection and determination of these small molecular mass drug molecules are also discussed, where appropriate, under the particular drug classifications. Analytical information on, for example, sample concentration techniques, separation conditions, recoveries from biological media and limits of detection/quantitation (LODs and LOQs) are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Franklin Smyth
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co Derry, BT52 1SA North Ireland UK.
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Saint-Marcoux F, Sauvage FL, Marquet P. Current role of LC-MS in therapeutic drug monitoring. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1327-49. [PMID: 17520242 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Revised: 03/22/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) techniques in routine therapeutic drug monitoring activity is becoming increasingly important. This paper reviews LC-MS methods published in the last few years for certain classes of drugs subject to therapeutic drug monitoring: immunosuppressants, antifungal drugs, antiretroviral drugs, antidepressants and antipsychotics. For each class of compounds, we focussed on the most interesting methods and evaluated the current role of LC-MS in therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Saint-Marcoux
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Limoges University Hospital, Unité INSERM U850, 87042 Limoges cedex, France
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Aravagiri M, Marder SR, Pollock B. Determination of ziprasidone in human plasma by liquid chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry and its application to plasma level determination in schizophrenia patients. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 847:237-44. [PMID: 17098485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2006] [Revised: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An accurate, rapid and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) assay method was developed for the determination of ziprasidone (ZIP) in the plasma of schizophrenia patients. A simple one step liquid-liquid extraction with 20% methylene dichloride in pentane was used to isolate ZIP and the internal standard from the plasma matrix. The compounds were separated on a C-18 column by an isocratic elution and the eluted compounds were analyzed by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with a TurboIon spray interface using the positive ion atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization method and detected using multiple reaction monitoring mode. The ZIP standard calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.25-500ng/ml when 0.5ml of plasma was used for the analysis (r(2)>0.998). The intra-assay (within-day) and inter-assay (between-day) variations were less than 12% for the spiked standard curve and quality control samples. The absolute extraction efficiency was 82% for ZIP and 68% for INS-RSP. The analysis time for each sample was less than 3min and useful for high turnaround plasma level determinations. This LC-MS-MS assay method for ZIP is highly specific, sensitive, accurate and rapid and is currently being used for the plasma level determination of ZIP in schizophrenia patients treated with various daily oral doses of ZIP. The data showed large inter-individual variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Aravagiri
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:266-277. [PMID: 17262881 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Zhang G, Terry AV, Bartlett MG. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of olanzapine, risperidone, 9-hydroxyrisperidone, clozapine, haloperidol and ziprasidone in rat plasma. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:920-8. [PMID: 17295424 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of olanzapine, clozapine, ziprasidone, haloperidol, risperidone, and its active metabolite 9-hydroxyrisperidone, in rat plasma using midazolam as internal standard (IS). The analytes were extracted from rat plasma using a single step liquid-liquid extraction technique. The compounds were separated on a Waters Atlantis dC-18 (30 mm x 2.1 mm i.d., 3 microm) column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile/5 mM ammonium formate (pH 6.1 adjusted with formic acid) with gradient elution. All of the analytes were detected in positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The method was validated and the specificity, linearity, lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ), precision, accuracy, recoveries and stability were determined. LLOQ was 0.1 ng/mL and correlation coefficient (R(2)) values for the linear range of 0.1-100 ng/mL were 0.997 or greater for all the analytes. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were better than 8.05%. The relative and absolute recovery was above 77% and matrix effects were low for all the analytes except for ziprasidone. This validated method has been successfully used to quantify the plasma concentration of the analytes after chronic treatment with antipsychotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2352, USA
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Singh A, Rao BM, Deshpande GR, Sangaraju S, Srinivasu MK, Lalitha Devi M, Satyanarayana PVV, Chandrasekhar KB. A Rapid Stability-Indicating LC Method for Ziprasidone Hydrochloride. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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