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Ramya PR, Halder S, Nagamani K, Singh Chouhan R, Gandhi S. Disposable graphene-oxide screen-printed electrode integrated with portable device for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 158:108722. [PMID: 38697015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis is the need of the hour, as cases are persistently increasing, and new variants are constantly emerging. The ever-changing nature of the virus leading to multiple variants, has brought an imminent need for early, accurate and rapid detection methods. Herein, we have reported the design and fabrication of Screen-Printed Electrodes (SPEs) with graphene oxide (GO) as working electrode and modified with specific antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). Flexibility of design, and portable nature has made SPEs the superior choice for electrochemical analysis. The developed immunosensor can detect RBD as low as 0.83 fM with long-term storage capacity. The fabricated SPEs immunosensor was tested using a miniaturized portable device and potentiostat on 100 patient nasopharyngeal samples and corroborated with RT-PCR data, displayed 94 % sensitivity. Additionally, the in-house developed polyclonal antibodies detected RBD antigen of the mutated Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 successfully. We have not observed any cross-reactivity/binding of the fabricated immunosensor with MERS (cross-reactive antigen) and Influenza A H1N1 (antigen sharing common symptoms). Hence, the developed SPEs sensor may be applied for bedside point-of-care diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 using miniaturized portable device, in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Ramya
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India; DBT-Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sayanti Halder
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
| | - K Nagamani
- Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College, Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad 500025, Telangana, India
| | - Raghuraj Singh Chouhan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sonu Gandhi
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India; DBT-Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India.
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Wei J, Bu S, Zhou H, Sun H, Hao Z, Qu G, Wan J. Hybrid nanoflower-based electrochemical lateral flow immunoassay for Escherichia coli O157 detection. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:453. [PMID: 38970675 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical biosensor has been developed for detection of Escherichia coli O157 by integrating lateral flow with screen-printed electrodes. The screen-printed electrodes were attached under the lateral flow detection line, and organic-inorganic nanoflowers prepared from E. coli O157-specific antibodies as an organic component were attached to the lateral flow detection line. In the presence of E. coli O157, an organic-inorganic nanoflower-E. coli O157-antimicrobial peptide-labelled ferrocene sandwich structure is formed on the lateral flow detection line. Differential pulse voltammetry is applied using a smartphone-based device to monitor ferrocene on the detection line. The resulting electrochemical biosensor could specifically detect E. coli O157 with a limit of detection of 25 colony-forming units mL-1. Through substitution of antibodies of organic components in organic-inorganic nanoflowers, biosensors have great potential for the detection of other pathogens in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shengjun Bu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - He Sun
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Zhuo Hao
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Guijuan Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Jiayu Wan
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China.
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Hosnedlova B, Werle J, Cepova J, Narayanan VHB, Vyslouzilova L, Fernandez C, Parikesit AA, Kepinska M, Klapkova E, Kotaska K, Stepankova O, Bjorklund G, Prusa R, Kizek R. Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Identification of Viruses: A Critical Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-30. [PMID: 38753964 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2343853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Due to their life cycle, viruses can disrupt the metabolism of their hosts, causing diseases. If we want to disrupt their life cycle, it is necessary to identify their presence. For this purpose, it is possible to use several molecular-biological and bioanalytical methods. The reference selection was performed based on electronic databases (2020-2023). This review focused on electrochemical methods with high sensitivity and selectivity (53% voltammetry/amperometry, 33% impedance, and 12% other methods) which showed their great potential for detecting various viruses. Moreover, the aforementioned electrochemical methods have considerable potential to be applicable for care-point use as they are portable due to their miniaturizability and fast speed analysis (minutes to hours), and are relatively easy to interpret. A total of 2011 articles were found, of which 86 original papers were subsequently evaluated (the majority of which are focused on human pathogens, whereas articles dealing with plant pathogens are in the minority). Thirty-two species of viruses were included in the evaluation. It was found that most of the examined research studies (77%) used nanotechnological modifications. Other ones performed immunological (52%) or genetic analyses (43%) for virus detection. 5% of the reports used peptides to increase the method's sensitivity. When evaluable, 65% of the research studies had LOD values in the order of ng or nM. The vast majority (79%) of the studies represent proof of concept and possibilities with low application potential and a high need of further research experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena Hosnedlova
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Julia Werle
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Cepova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vedha Hari B Narayanan
- Pharmaceutical Technology Lab, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Lenka Vyslouzilova
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Assistive Technologies, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carlos Fernandez
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Arli Aditya Parikesit
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, Timur, Indonesia
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Eva Klapkova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kotaska
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Stepankova
- Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Assistive Technologies, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Geir Bjorklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Richard Prusa
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
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Muttaqien SE, Khoris IM, Suryanggono J, Sadhukhan PC, Pambudi S, Chowdhury AD, Park EY. Point-of-care dengue detection: polydopamine-modified electrode for rapid NS1 protein testing for clinical samples. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:174. [PMID: 38436801 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of dengue infection by detecting the dengue virus non-structural protein 1 (DENV-NS1) is important to the patients to initiate speedy treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based NS1 detection and RT-PCR are time-consuming and too complex to be employed in remote areas of dengue-endemic countries. Meanwhile, those of NS1 rapid test by lateral flow assay suffer from low detection limit. Electrochemical-based biosensors using screen-printed gold electrodes (SPGEs) have become a reliable detection method to convey both ELISA's high sensitivity and rapid test portability. In this research, we developed an electrochemical biosensor for DENV-NS1 detection by employing polydopamine (PDA)-modified SPGE. The electrodeposition of PDA on the surface of SPGE serves as a bioconjugation avenue for anti-NS1 antibody through a simple and low-cost immobilization procedure. The biosensor performance was evaluated to detect DENV-NS1 protein in PBS and human serum through a differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) technique. The developed sensing platform displayed a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.63 pg mL-1 and a wide linear range of 10 pg mL-1 to 1 ng mL-1 (R2 ∼ 0.969). The sensing platform also detected DEV-NS1 from four different serotypes in the clinical samples collected from dengue patients in India and Indonesia, with acceptable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values of 90.00%, 80.95%, and 87.65%, respectively. This result showcased the facile and versatile method of PDA coating onto the surface of screen-printed gold electrodes for a miniaturized point-of-care (PoC) detection device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Indra Memdi Khoris
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
- Nanomaterials Research Division, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Jodi Suryanggono
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Provash C Sadhukhan
- ICMR-NICED Virus Laboratory, Kolkata, I.D. & B.G. Hospital, Banerjee Road, Kolkata, 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Sabar Pambudi
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), LAPTIAB 1, PUSPIPTEK, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Ankan Dutta Chowdhury
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Kolkata, 700084, West Bengal, India
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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Hu W, Zhu Y, Tang Q, Ji X, Wang L, Ou W, Li G, Wu L, Cong H, Qin Y. Facile prepared microfluidic chip for multiplexed digital RT-qPCR test. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300273. [PMID: 37702130 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The chip-based digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an indispensable technique for amplifying and quantifying nucleic acids, which has been widely employed in molecular diagnostics at both fundamental and clinical levels. However, the previous designs have yet to achieve widespread application due to limitations in complex chip fabrication, pretreatment procedures, special surface properties, and low throughput. This study presents a facile digital microfluidic chip driven by centrifugal force for digital PCR analysis. Interestingly, regardless of the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the inner chip surface, an efficient digitization process can be achieved. PCR reagents introduced into the inlet can be allocated to 9600 microchambers and subsequently isolated by the immiscible phase (silicone oil). The centrifugal priming approach offers a facile means to achieve high-throughput analysis. The design was further employed for the quantification of nucleic acids using digital PCR. The calculated result exhibited a strong correlation with the measured value at the concentrations from 1 copy/μL to 1000 copies/μL (R2 = 0.99). Additionally, the chip also allowed digital multiplexed analysis, thereby indicating its potential for multi-target detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yidan Zhu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qu Tang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Ji
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Nantong Egens Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Ou
- Nantong Egens Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Guo Li
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Li Wu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Cong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yuling Qin
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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