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Won SJ, Yim JH, Kim HK. Synthesis of Short-Chain Alkyl Butyrate through Esterification Reaction Using Immobilized Rhodococcus Cutinase and Analysis of Substrate Specificity through Molecular Docking. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:268-276. [PMID: 36524336 PMCID: PMC9998203 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2211.11022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl butyrate with fruity flavor is known as an important additive in the food industry. We synthesized various alkyl butyrates from various fatty alcohol and butyric acid using immobilized Rhodococcus cutinase (Rcut). Esterification reaction was performed in a non-aqueous system including heptane, isooctane, hexane, and cyclohexane. As a result of performing the alkyl butyrate synthesis reaction using alcohols of various chain lengths, it was found that the preference for the alcohol substrate had the following order: C6 > C4 > C8 > C10 > C2. Through molecular docking analysis, it was found that the greater the hydrophobicity of alcohol, the higher the accessibility to the active site of the enzyme. However, since the number of torsions increased as the chain length increased, it became difficult for the hydroxyl oxygen of the alcohol to access the γO of serine at the enzyme active site. These molecular docking results were consistent with substrate preference results of the Rcut enzyme. The Rcut maintained the synthesis efficiency at least for 5 days in isooctane solvent. We synthesized as much as 452 mM butyl butyrate by adding 100 mM substrate daily for 5 days and performing the reaction. These results show that Rcut is an efficient enzyme for producing alkyl butyrate used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jae Won
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Han Yim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Kwoun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
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Production of Jet Biofuels by Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Esters and Fatty Acids: A Review. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition from fossil to bio-based fuels is a requisite for reducing CO2 emissions in the aviation sector. Jet biofuels are alternative aviation fuels with similar chemical composition and performance of fossil jet fuels. In this context, the Hydroprocessing of Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) presents the most consolidated pathway for producing jet biofuels. The process for converting esters and/or fatty acids into hydrocarbons may involve hydrodeoxygenation, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, depending on the chemical composition of the selected feedstock and the desired fuel properties. Furthermore, the HEFA process is usually performed under high H2 pressures and temperatures, with reactions mediated by a heterogeneous catalyst. In this framework, supported noble metals have been preferably employed in the HEFA process; however, some efforts were reported to utilize non-noble metals, achieving a similar performance of noble metals. Besides the metallic site, the acidic site of the catalyst is crucial for product selectivity. Bifunctional catalysts have been employed for the complete process of jet biofuel production with standardized properties, with a special remark for using zeolites as support. The proper design of heterogeneous catalysts may also reduce the consumption of hydrogen. Finally, the potential of enzymes as catalysts for intermediate products of the HEFA pathway is highlighted.
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Elias N, Wahab RA, Chandren S, Abdul Razak FI, Jamalis J. Effect of operative variables and kinetic study of butyl butyrate synthesis by Candida rugosa lipase activated by chitosan-reinforced nanocellulose derived from raw oil palm leaves. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 130:109367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Virus-like organosilica nanoparticles for lipase immobilization: Characterization and biocatalytic applications. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Sjöblom M, Risberg P, Filippova A, Öhrman OGW, Rova U, Christakopoulos P. In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Sjöblom
- Biochemical Process Engineering; Division of Chemical Engineering; Department of Civil; Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering; Luleå University of Technology; 971 87 Luleå Sweden
| | - Per Risberg
- Internal Combustion Engines; Department of Machine Design; Royal Institute of Technology; Brinellvägen 85 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Alfia Filippova
- Biochemical Process Engineering; Division of Chemical Engineering; Department of Civil; Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering; Luleå University of Technology; 971 87 Luleå Sweden
| | | | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering; Division of Chemical Engineering; Department of Civil; Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering; Luleå University of Technology; 971 87 Luleå Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering; Division of Chemical Engineering; Department of Civil; Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering; Luleå University of Technology; 971 87 Luleå Sweden
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Kamble MP, Yadav GD. Kinetic resolution of ( R,S ) phenyl glycidyl ether by red mung beans ( Vigna angularis ) epoxide hydrolases. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Foukis A, Gkini OA, Stergiou PY, Sakkas VA, Dima A, Boura K, Koutinas A, Papamichael EM. Sustainable production of a new generation biofuel by lipase-catalyzed esterification of fatty acids from liquid industrial waste biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 238:122-128. [PMID: 28433899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work we suggest a methodology comprising the design and use of cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly process for biofuel production compatible with the market demands. A new generation biofuel is produced using fatty acids, which were generated from acidogenesis of industrial wastes of bioethanol distilleries, and esterified with selected alcohols by immobilized Candida antarctica Lipase-B. Suitable reactors with significant parameters and conditions were studied through experimental design, and novel esterification processes were suggested; among others, the continuous removal of the produced water was provided. Finally, economically sustainable biofuel production was achieved providing high ester yield (<97%) along with augmented concentration (3.35M) in the reaction mixtures at relatively short esterification times, whereas the immobilized lipase maintained over 90% of its initial esterifying ability after reused for ten cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Foukis
- Enzyme Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Group, University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Olga A Gkini
- Enzyme Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Group, University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Panagiota-Yiolanda Stergiou
- Enzyme Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Group, University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Vasilios A Sakkas
- Enzyme Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Group, University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Agapi Dima
- Food Biotechnology Group, University of Patras, Department of Chemistry, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Konstantina Boura
- Food Biotechnology Group, University of Patras, Department of Chemistry, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Athanasios Koutinas
- Food Biotechnology Group, University of Patras, Department of Chemistry, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Emmanuel M Papamichael
- Enzyme Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Group, University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
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Nikolaivits E, Makris G, Topakas E. Immobilization of a Cutinase from Fusarium oxysporum and Application in Pineapple Flavor Synthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3505-3511. [PMID: 28403608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the immobilization of a cutinase from Fusarium oxysporum was carried out as cross-linked enzyme aggregates. Under optimal immobilization conditions, acetonitrile was selected as precipitant, utilizing 9.4 mg protein/mL and 10 mM glutaraldehyde as cross-linker. The immobilized cutinase (imFocut5a) was tested in isooctane for the synthesis of short-chain butyrate esters, displaying enhanced thermostability compared to the free enzyme. Pineapple flavor (butyl butyrate) synthesis was optimized, leading to a conversion yield of >99% after 6 h, with an initial reaction rate of 18.2 mmol/L/h. Optimal reaction conditions were found to be 50 °C, a vinyl butyrate/butanol molar ratio of 3:1, vinyl butyrate concentration of 100 mM, and enzyme loading of 11 U. Reusability studies of imFocut5a showed that after four consecutive runs, the reaction yield reaches 54% of the maximum. The efficient bioconversion offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly process for the production of "natural" aroma compounds essential for the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratios Nikolaivits
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens , 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Makris
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens , 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Topakas
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens , 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
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Sarno M, Iuliano M, Polichetti M, Ciambelli P. High activity and selectivity immobilized lipase on Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles for banana flavour synthesis. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Triphasic esterification of butanol and butyric acid in fermentation media. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Sjöblom M, Matsakas L, Christakopoulos P, Rova U. Catalytic upgrading of butyric acid towards fine chemicals and biofuels. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw064. [PMID: 26994015 PMCID: PMC4822402 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentation-based production of butyric acid is robust and efficient. Modern catalytic technologies make it possible to convert butyric acid to important fine chemicals and biofuels. Here, current chemocatalytic and biocatalytic conversion methods are reviewed with a focus on upgrading butyric acid to 1-butanol or butyl-butyrate. Supported Ruthenium- and Platinum-based catalyst and lipase exhibit important activities which can pave the way for more sustainable process concepts for the production of green fuels and chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Sjöblom
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
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Lipase in biphasic alginate beads as a biocatalyst for esterification of butyric acid and butanol in aqueous media. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 82:173-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Tong X, Busk PK, Lange L. Characterization of a newsn-1,3-regioselective triacylglycerol lipase fromMalbranchea cinnamomea. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:471-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Tong
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience; Aalborg University Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - Peter Kamp Busk
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience; Aalborg University Copenhagen; Denmark
- Barentzymes A/S; A C Meyers Vaenge 15; Copenhagen SV Denmark
| | - Lene Lange
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience; Aalborg University Copenhagen; Denmark
- Barentzymes A/S; A C Meyers Vaenge 15; Copenhagen SV Denmark
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Paludo N, Alves JS, Altmann C, Ayub MAZ, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rodrigues RC. The combined use of ultrasound and molecular sieves improves the synthesis of ethyl butyrate catalyzed by immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 22:89-94. [PMID: 24844439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the combined use of ultrasound energy and molecular sieves was investigated for the synthesis of ethyl butyrate, ester with mango and banana notes, catalyzed by the immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (Lipozyme TL-IM). Initially, the best concentrations of biocatalysts (35%) and butyric acid (0.7M) were tested using ultrasound as an alternative to mechanical agitation. The amount of acid in the reaction could be increased by 2-fold when compared to previous works where mechanical agitation was used. In the next step, substrate molar ratio and reaction temperature were optimized and the best conditions were at their lowest levels: 1:1 (acid:alcohol), and 30°C, reaching 61% of conversion in 6h. Molecular sieves (3Å) were added to optimized reaction medium in order to remove the formed water and improve the maximum yield. The reaction yield increased 1.5 times, reaching 90% of conversion in 6h, when 60mg of molecular sieves per mmol of butyric acid was used. Finally, the reuse of Lipozyme TL-IM for the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of ethyl butyrate was verified for 10 batches, without any appreciable loss of activity, whereas in systems using mechanical agitation, the biocatalyst was completely inactivated after 5 batches. These results suggest that the combined use of ultrasound and molecular sieves greatly improve esterification reactions by stabilizing the enzyme and increasing yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Paludo
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Joana S Alves
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cintia Altmann
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marco A Z Ayub
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael C Rodrigues
- Biotechnology, Bioprocess and Biocatalysis Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. http://www.ufrgs.br/bbb
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Badgujar KC, Bhanage BM. Synthesis of geranyl acetate in non-aqueous media using immobilized Pseudomonas cepacia lipase on biodegradable polymer film: Kinetic modelling and chain length effect study. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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