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Scheidecker B, Poulain S, Sugimoto M, Arakawa H, Kim SH, Kawanishi T, Kato Y, Danoy M, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y. Mechanobiological stimulation in organ-on-a-chip systems reduces hepatic drug metabolic capacity in favor of regenerative specialization. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1435-1452. [PMID: 38184801 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic physiology depends on the liver's complex structural composition which among others, provides high oxygen supply rates, locally differential oxygen tension, endothelial paracrine signaling, as well as residual hemodynamic shear stress to resident hepatocytes. While functional improvements were shown by implementing these factors into hepatic culture systems, direct cause-effect relationships are often not well characterized-obfuscating their individual contribution in more complex microphysiological systems. By comparing increasingly complex hepatic in vitro culture systems that gradually implement these parameters, we investigate the influence of the cellular microenvironment to overall hepatic functionality in pharmacological applications. Here, hepatocytes were modulated in terms of oxygen tension and supplementation, endothelial coculture, and exposure to fluid shear stress delineated from oxygen influx. Results from transcriptomic and metabolomic evaluation indicate that particularly oxygen supply rates are critical to enhance cellular functionality-with cellular drug metabolism remaining comparable to physiological conditions after prolonged static culture. Endothelial signaling was found to be a major contributor to differential phenotype formation known as metabolic zonation, indicated by WNT pathway activity. Lastly, oxygen-delineated shear stress was identified to direct cellular fate towards increased hepatic plasticity and regenerative phenotypes at the cost of drug metabolic functionality - in line with regenerative effects observed in vivo. With these results, we provide a systematic evaluation of critical parameters and their impact in hepatic systems. Given their adherence to physiological effects in vivo, this highlights the importance of their implementation in biomimetic devices, such as organ-on-a-chip systems. Considering recent advances in basic liver biology, direct translation of physiological structures into in vitro models is a promising strategy to expand the capabilities of pharmacological models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stéphane Poulain
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
- Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Soo H Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawanishi
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mathieu Danoy
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Utami T, Danoy M, Khadim RR, Tokito F, Arakawa H, Kato Y, Kido T, Miyajima A, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y. A highly efficient cell culture method using oxygen-permeable PDMS-based honeycomb microwells produces functional liver organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived carboxypeptidase M liver progenitor cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1178-1190. [PMID: 38184815 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in bioengineering have introduced potential alternatives to liver transplantation via the development of self-assembled liver organoids, derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). However, the limited maturity of the tissue makes it challenging to implement this technology on a large scale in clinical settings. In this study, we developed a highly efficient method for generating functional liver organoids from hiPSC-derived carboxypeptidase M liver progenitor cells (CPM+ LPCs), using a microwell structure, and enhanced maturation through direct oxygenation in oxygen-permeable culture plates. We compared the morphology, gene expression profile, and function of the liver organoid with those of cells cultured under conventional conditions using either monolayer or spheroid culture systems. Our results revealed that liver organoids generated using polydimethylsiloxane-based honeycomb microwells significantly exhibited enhanced albumin secretion, hepatic marker expression, and cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism. Additionally, the oxygenated organoids consisted of both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, which showed increased expression of bile transporter-related genes as well as enhanced bile transport function. Oxygen-permeable polydimethylsiloxane membranes may offer an efficient approach to generating highly mature liver organoids consisting of diverse cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia Utami
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mathieu Danoy
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rubina Rahaman Khadim
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiya Tokito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taketomo Kido
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Schlichenmaier N, Zielinski A, Beneke S, Dietrich DR. PODO/TERT256 - A promising human immortalized podocyte cell line and its potential use for in vitro research at different oxygen levels. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110813. [PMID: 38006960 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Podocytes are of key interest for the prediction of nephrotoxicity as they are especially sensitive to toxic insults due to their central role in the glomerular filtration apparatus. However, currently, prediction of nephrotoxicity in humans remains insufficiently reliable, thus highlighting the need for advanced in vitro model systems using human cells with improved prediction capacity. Recent approaches for refining in vitro model systems focus on closely replicating physiological conditions as observed under the in vivo situation typical of the respective nephron section of interest. PODO/TERT256, a human immortalized podocyte cell line, were employed in a semi-static transwell system to evaluate its potential use as a human podocyte in vitro system for modelling potential human glomerular toxicity. Furthermore, the impact of routinely employed excessive oxygen tension (21 % - AtmOx), when compared to the physiological oxygen tensions (10 % - PhysOx) observed in vivo, was analyzed. Generally, cultured PODO/TERT256 formed a stable, contact-inhibited monolayer with typical podocyte morphology (large cell body, apical microvilli, finger-like cytoplasmic projections (reminiscent of foot processes), and interdigitating cell-cell junctions) and developed a size-selective filtration barrier. PhysOx, however, induced a more pronounced in vivo like phenotype, comprised of significantly larger cell bodies, significantly enhanced filtration barrier size-selectivity, and a remarkable re-localization of nephrin to the cell membrane, thus suggesting an improved in vitro replication of in vivo characteristics. Preliminary toxicity characterization with the known glomerulotoxin doxorubicin (DOX) suggested an increasing change in filtration permeability, already at the lowest DOX concentrations tested (0.01 μM) under PhysOx, whereas obvious changes under AtmOx were observed as of 0.16 μM and higher with a near all or nothing effect. The latter findings suggested that PODO/TERT256 could serve as an in vitro human podocyte model for studying glomerulotoxicity, whereby culturing at PhyOx tension appeared critical for an improved in vivo-like phenotype and functionality. Moreover, PODO/TERT256 could be incorporated into advanced human glomerulus systems in vitro, recapitulating microfluidic conditions and multiple cell types (endothelial and mesenchymal cells) that can even better predict human glomerular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Schlichenmaier
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Alexander Zielinski
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Sascha Beneke
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Daniel R Dietrich
- Human and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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4
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Takemura A, Ishii S, Ikeyama Y, Esashika K, Takahashi J, Ito K. New in vitro screening system to detect drug-induced liver injury using a culture plate with low drug sorption and high oxygen permeability. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 52:100511. [PMID: 37531708 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2023.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major factor underlying drug withdrawal from the market. Therefore, it is important to predict DILI during the early phase of drug discovery. Metabolic activation and mitochondrial toxicity are good indicators of the potential for DILI. However, hepatocyte function, including drug-metabolizing enzyme activity and mitochondrial function, reportedly decreases under conventional culture conditions; therefore, these conditions fail to precisely detect metabolic activation and mitochondrial toxicity-induced cell death. To resolve this issue, we employed a newly developed cell culture plate with high oxygen permeability and low drug sorption (4-polymethyl-1-pentene [PMP] plate). Under PMP plate conditions, cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity and mitochondrial function were increased in primary rat hepatocytes. Following l-buthionine-sulfoximine-induced glutathione depletion, acetaminophen-induced cell death significantly increased under PMP plate conditions. Additionally, 1-aminobenzotriazole reduced cell death. Moreover, mitochondrial toxicity due to mitochondrial complex inhibitors (ketoconazole, metformin, and phenformin) increased under PMP plate conditions. In summary, PMP plate conditions could improve CYP activity and mitochondrial function in primary rat hepatocytes and potentially detect metabolic activation and mitochondrial toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Takemura
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sanae Ishii
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yugo Ikeyama
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Esashika
- New Business Solutions Department, Innovative Solutions Center for Information & Communication Technology, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Bio Technology & Medical Materials Department, Synthetic Chemicals Laboratory, R&D Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Chiba, Japan
| | - Kousei Ito
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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5
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Shinohara M, Lau QY, Torizal FG, Choi H, Sakai Y. Inflammatory liver tissue formation using oxygen permeable membrane based culture platform. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 136:327-333. [PMID: 37573250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
During chronic liver injury, inflammation leads to liver fibrosis, particularly due to the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The involvement of inflammatory cytokines in HSC activation and the interplay among different liver cells are elaborated. To examine their interactions in vitro, many cultured liver tissue models are performed in organoid or spheroid culture with random 3D structure. Herein, we demonstrated the hierarchical coculture of primary rat hepatocytes with non-parenchymal cells such as the human-derived HSC line (LX-2) and liver sinusoidal endothelial cell line (TMNK-1). The cocultured tissue had high usability with simple operation of separating solid and liquid phases with improved liver functions such as albumin production and hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 activity. We also studied the effects of stimulation by both oxygen tension and the key pro-fibrogenic cytokine, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), on HSC activation. Gene expression of collagen type I and alpha-smooth muscle actin were enhanced in the hierarchical coculture under lower oxygen tension and TGF-β1 stimulation. Therefore, this hierarchical in vitro cocultured liver tissue could provide a useful platform as a disease model for elucidating the interactions of various liver cell types and biochemical signals in future liver fibrogenesis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Shinohara
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Qiao You Lau
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Fuad Gandhi Torizal
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hyunjin Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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6
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Dani S, Windisch J, Valencia Guerrero XM, Bernhardt A, Gelinsky M, Krujatz F, Lode A. Selection of a suitable photosynthetically active microalgae strain for the co-cultivation with mammalian cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:994134. [PMID: 36199362 PMCID: PMC9528974 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.994134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing hypoxic zones in 3D bioprinted mammalian cell-laden constructs using an internal oxygen supply could enable a more successful cultivation both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the suitability of green microalgae as photosynthetic oxygen generators within bioprinted constructs was evaluated by defining and investigating important parameters for a successful co-culture. First, we assessed the impact of light–necessary for photosynthesis–on two non-light adapted mammalian cell types and defined red-light illumination and a temperature of 37°C as essential factors in a co-culture. The four thermotolerant microalgae strains Chlorella sorokiniana, Coelastrella oocystiformis, Coelastrella striolata, and Scenedesmus sp. were cultured both in suspension culture and 3D bioprinted constructs to assess viability and photosynthetic activity under these defined co-culture conditions. Scenedesmus sp. proved to be performing best under red light and 37°C as well as immobilized in a bioprinted hydrogel based on alginate. Moreover, the presence of the antibiotic ampicillin and the organic carbon-source glucose, both required for mammalian cell cultures, had no impact on bioprinted Scenedesmus sp. cultures regarding growth, viability, and photosynthetic activity. This study is the first to investigate the influence of mammalian cell requirements on the metabolism and photosynthetic ability of different microalgal strains. In a co-culture, the strain Scenedesmus sp. could provide a stable oxygenation that ensures the functionality of the mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Dani
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Windisch
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xally Montserrat Valencia Guerrero
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Krujatz
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Anja Lode,
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7
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Nishikawa M, Ito H, Tokito F, Hirono K, Inamura K, Scheidecker B, Danoy M, Kawanishi T, Arakawa H, Kato Y, Esashika K, Miyasako H, Sakai Y. Accurate Evaluation of Hepatocyte Metabolisms on a Noble Oxygen-Permeable Material With Low Sorption Characteristics. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:810478. [PMID: 35733832 PMCID: PMC9208656 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.810478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, primary cultured hepatocytes is a standard tool used to assess hepatic metabolisms and toxicity in vitro. Drawbacks, however, include their functional deterioration upon isolation, mostly due to the lack of a physiological environment. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been reported to improve the function of isolated hepatocytes by its high oxygen permeability when used as a material of microphysiological systems (MPS). However, its high chemical sorption property has impeded its practical use in drug development. In this study, we evaluated a new culture material, 4-polymethyl-1-pentene polymer (PMP), in comparison with PDMS and conventional tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). First, we confirmed the high oxygen permeability and low sorption of PMP, and these properties were comparable with PDMS and TCPS, respectively. Moreover, using primary rat hepatocytes, we demonstrated maintained high levels of liver function at least for 1 week on PMP, with its low chemical sorption and high oxygen permeability being key factors in both revealing the potential of primary cultured hepatocytes and in performing an accurate evaluation of hepatic metabolisms. Taken together, we conclude that PMP is a superior alternative to both PDMS and TCPS, and a promising material for a variety of drug testing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masaki Nishikawa,
| | - Hiroyasu Ito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiya Tokito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Hirono
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Inamura
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mathieu Danoy
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hirohsi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Esashika
- Film & Sheet Materials Depatment, Functional Materials Laboratory, R&D Center, Mitsuichemicals, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyasako
- Chemicals Safety Department, Responsible Care and Quality Assurance Div., Mitsuichemicals, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Rizki-Safitri A, Tokito F, Nishikawa M, Tanaka M, Maeda K, Kusuhara H, Sakai Y. Prospect of in vitro Bile Fluids Collection in Improving Cell-Based Assay of Liver Function. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:657432. [PMID: 35295147 PMCID: PMC8915818 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.657432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver plays a pivotal role in the clearance of drugs. Reliable assays for liver function are crucial for various metabolism investigation, including toxicity, disease, and pre-clinical testing for drug development. Bile is an aqueous secretion of a functioning liver. Analyses of bile are used to explain drug clearance and related effects and are thus important for toxicology and pharmacokinetic research. Bile fluids collection is extensively performed in vivo, whereas this process is rarely reproduced as in the in vitro studies. The key to success is the technology involved, which needs to satisfy multiple criteria. To ensure the accuracy of subsequent chemical analyses, certain amounts of bile are needed. Additionally, non-invasive and continuous collections are preferable in view of cell culture. In this review, we summarize recent progress and limitations in the field. We highlight attempts to develop advanced liver cultures for bile fluids collection, including methods to stimulate the secretion of bile in vitro. With these strategies, researchers have used a variety of cell sources, extracellular matrix proteins, and growth factors to investigate different cell-culture environments, including three-dimensional spheroids, cocultures, and microfluidic devices. Effective combinations of expertise and technology have the potential to overcome these obstacles to achieve reliable in vitro bile assay systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astia Rizki-Safitri
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiya Tokito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (IQB), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Arakawa H, Nagao Y, Nedachi S, Shirasaka Y, Tamai I. Evaluation of Platinum Anticancer Drug-Induced Kidney Injury in Primary Culture of Rat Kidney Tissue Slices by Using Gas-Permeable Plates. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:316-322. [PMID: 35228397 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The type of method adopted for the evaluation of drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) plays an important role during the drug discovery process. In the present study, the usefulness of cultured rat kidney tissue slices maintained on gas-permeable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) plates for DIKI was assessed by monitoring the ATP content as a marker of cell viability. The amount of ATP in the kidney slices cultured on the PDMS plates was higher than that in the slices cultured on gas-impermeable polystyrene plates. The protein expression of organic cation transporter-2 (Oct2) was maintained for 3 d. Cisplatin showed a time- and concentration-dependent reduction in ATP in the slices with a half-effective concentration value of 24 µM, which was alleviated by cimetidine, an Oct2 inhibitor, suggesting that cisplatin-induced kidney injury in the cultured slices was regulated by the basolateral uptake transporter Oct2. Furthermore, the intensity of platinum anticancer drug-induced nephrotoxicity in the cultured slices was consistent with that of the in vivo study. In conclusion, the primary culture of rat kidney tissue slices on gas-permeable plates is expected to aid in the prediction of the extent of nephrotoxicity of drugs, even when transporters are responsible for the accumulation of drugs in kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Yurika Nagao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Shiho Nedachi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
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10
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Krujatz F, Dani S, Windisch J, Emmermacher J, Hahn F, Mosshammer M, Murthy S, Steingroewer J, Walther T, Kühl M, Gelinsky M, Lode A. Think outside the box: 3D bioprinting concepts for biotechnological applications – recent developments and future perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 58:107930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Innovative Platform for the Advanced Online Monitoring of Three-Dimensional Cells and Tissue Cultures. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030412. [PMID: 35159222 PMCID: PMC8834321 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of 3D cell cultures has gained increasing importance in medical and pharmaceutical research. However, the analysis of the culture medium is hardly representative for the culture conditions within a 3D model which hinders the standardization of 3D cultures and translation of results. Therefore, we developed a modular monitoring platform combining a perfusion bioreactor with an integrated minimally invasive sampling system and implemented sensors that enables the online monitoring of culture parameters and medium compounds within 3D cultures. As a proof-of-concept, primary cells as well as cell lines were cultured on a collagen or gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel matrix, while monitoring relevant culture parameters and analytes. Comparing the interstitial fluid of the 3D models versus the corresponding culture medium, we found considerable differences in the concentrations of several analytes. These results clearly demonstrate that analyses of the culture medium only are not relevant for the development of standardized 3D culture processes. The presented bioreactor with an integrated sampling and sensor platform opens new horizons for the development, optimization, and standardization of 3D cultures. Furthermore, this technology holds the potential to reduce animal studies and improve the transferability of pharmaceutical in vitro studies by gaining more relevant results, bridging the gap towards clinical translation.
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12
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Li W, Li P, Li N, Du Y, Lü S, Elad D, Long M. Matrix stiffness and shear stresses modulate hepatocyte functions in a fibrotic liver sinusoidal model. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G272-G282. [PMID: 33296275 PMCID: PMC8609567 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00379.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) rigidity has important effects on cell behaviors and increases sharply in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Hepatic blood flow is essential in maintaining hepatocytes' (HCs) functions. However, it is still unclear how matrix stiffness and shear stresses orchestrate HC phenotype in concert. A fibrotic three-dimensional (3-D) liver sinusoidal model is constructed using a porous membrane sandwiched between two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layers with respective flow channels. The HCs are cultured in collagen gels of various stiffnesses in the lower channel, whereas the upper channel is pre-seeded with liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and accessible to shear flow. The results reveal that HCs cultured within stiffer matrices exhibit reduced albumin production and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) reductase expression. Low shear stresses enhance synthetic and metabolic functions of HC, whereas high shear stresses lead to the loss of HC phenotype. Furthermore, both mechanical factors regulate HC functions by complementing each other. These observations are likely attributed to mechanically induced mass transport or key signaling molecule of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α). The present study results provide an insight into understanding the mechanisms of HC dysfunction in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, especially from the viewpoint of matrix stiffness and blood flow.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A fibrotic three-dimensional (3-D) liver sinusoidal model was constructed to mimic different stages of liver fibrosis in vivo and to explore the cooperative effects of matrix stiffness and shear stresses on hepatocyte (HC) functions. Mechanically induced alterations of mass transport mainly contributed to HC functions via typical mechanosensitive signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- 1Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,2Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,3Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,4School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Li
- 1Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,2Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,3Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,4School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- 1Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,2Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,3Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,4School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Du
- 1Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,2Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,3Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,4School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shouqin Lü
- 1Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,2Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,3Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,4School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - David Elad
- 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mian Long
- 1Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,2Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,3Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,4School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Maharjan S, Alva J, Cámara C, Rubio AG, Hernández D, Delavaux C, Correa E, Romo MD, Bonilla D, Santiago ML, Li W, Cheng F, Ying G, Zhang YS. Symbiotic Photosynthetic Oxygenation within 3D-Bioprinted Vascularized Tissues. MATTER 2021; 4:217-240. [PMID: 33718864 PMCID: PMC7945990 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present the photosynthetic oxygen (O2) supply to mammalian cells within a volumetric extracellular matrix-like construct, whereby a three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinted fugitive pattern encapsulating unicellular green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii), served as a natural photosynthetic O2-generator. The presence of bioprinted C. reinhardtii enhanced the viability and functionality of mammalian cells while reducing the hypoxic conditions within the tissues. We were able to subsequently endothelialize the hollow perfusable microchannels formed after enzymatic removal of the bioprinted C. reinhardtii-laden patterns from the matrices following the initial oxygenation period, to obtain biologically relevant vascularized mammalian tissue constructs. The feasibility of co-culture of C. reinhardtii with human cells, the printability and the enzymatic degradability of the fugitive bioink, as well as the exploration of C. reinhardtii as a natural, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable source of O2 would likely promote the development of engineered tissues, tissue models, and food for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushila Maharjan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jacqueline Alva
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Cassandra Cámara
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andrés G. Rubio
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David Hernández
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Clément Delavaux
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Erandy Correa
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mariana D. Romo
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Diana Bonilla
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mille Luis Santiago
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wanlu Li
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Feng Cheng
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Guoliang Ying
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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14
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Scheidecker B, Shinohara M, Sugimoto M, Danoy M, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y. Induction of in vitro Metabolic Zonation in Primary Hepatocytes Requires Both Near-Physiological Oxygen Concentration and Flux. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:524. [PMID: 32656187 PMCID: PMC7325921 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical drug screening is an important step in assessing the metabolic effects and hepatic toxicity of new pharmaceutical compounds. However, due to the complexity of the liver microarchitecture, simplified in vitro models do not adequately reflect in vivo situations. Especially spatial heterogeneity, known as metabolic zonation, is often lost due to limitations introduced by typical culture conditions. By culturing primary rat hepatocytes in varied ambient oxygen levels on either gas-permeable or non-permeable culture plates, we highlight the importance of biomimetic oxygen supply for the targeted induction of zonation-like phenotypes. Resulting cellular profiles illustrate the effect of pericellular oxygen concentration and consumption rates on hepatic functionality in terms of zone-specific metabolism and β-catenin signaling. We show that modulation of ambient oxygen tension can partially induce metabolic zonation in vitro when considering high supply rates, leading to in vivo-like drug metabolism. However, when oxygen supply is limited, similar modulation instead triggers an ischemic reprogramming, resembling metabolic profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma and increasing susceptibility toward drug-induced injury. Application of this knowledge will allow for the development of more accurate drug screening models to better identify adverse effects in hepatic drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Shinohara
- Department of Mechanical and Biofunctional Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Mathieu Danoy
- CNRS UMI 2820, LIMMS, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Kimura K, Horiguchi I, Kido T, Miyajima A, Sakai Y. Enhanced Hepatic Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Gas-Permeable Membrane. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 25:457-467. [PMID: 30141379 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Although oxygen is a vital nutrient for the hepatocytes in vitro, few reports have focused on its effect during hepatic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this report, we performed the hepatic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) under different atmospheric oxygen concentrations and oxygen supply fluxes to investigate the effects of oxygen in terms of both the concentration and the supply flux. Results demonstrate that direct oxygenation through a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane enhances the maturation and efficient production of hiPSC-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iHeps). Thus, direct oxygenation through a PDMS membrane is a better alternative culture method over conventional tissue culture-treated polystyrene (TCPS) plates for the maturation of hiPSC-derived hepatocytes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kimura
- 1 Department of Bioengineering and School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikki Horiguchi
- 2 Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketomo Kido
- 3 Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- 3 Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- 1 Department of Bioengineering and School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,2 Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,4 Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,5 Max Planck-The University of Tokyo, Center for Integrative Inflammology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Hrčková G, Kubašková TM, Benada O, Kofroňová O, Tumová L, Biedermann D. Differential Effects of the Flavonolignans Silybin, Silychristin and 2,3-Dehydrosilybin on Mesocestoides vogae Larvae (Cestoda) under Hypoxic and Aerobic In Vitro Conditions. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112999. [PMID: 30453549 PMCID: PMC6278466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesocestoides vogae larvae represent a suitable model for evaluating the larvicidal potential of various compounds. In this study we investigated the in vitro effects of three natural flavonolignans—silybin (SB), 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHSB) and silychristin (SCH)—on M. vogae larvae at concentrations of 5 and 50 μM under aerobic and hypoxic conditions for 72 h. With both kinds of treatment, the viability and motility of larvae remained unchanged, metabolic activity, neutral red uptake and concentrations of neutral lipids were reduced, in contrast with a significantly elevated glucose content. Incubation conditions modified the effects of individual FLs depending on their concentration. Under both sets of conditions, SB and SCH suppressed metabolic activity, the concentration of glucose, lipids and partially motility more at 50 μM, but neutral red uptake was elevated. DHSB exerted larvicidal activity and affected motility and neutral lipid concentrations differently depending on the cultivation conditions, whereas it decreased glucose concentration. DHSB at the 50 μM concentration caused irreversible morphological alterations along with damage to the microvillus surface of larvae, which was accompanied by unregulated neutral red uptake. In conclusion, SB and SCH suppressed mitochondrial functions and energy stores, inducing a physiological misbalance, whereas DHSB exhibited a direct larvicidal effect due to damage to the tegument and complete disruption of larval physiology and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Hrčková
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, SK 040 01 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Terézia Mačák Kubašková
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, SK 040 01 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Oldřich Benada
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Olga Kofroňová
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Tumová
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ 501 65 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - David Biedermann
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
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17
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Asai A, Aihara E, Watson C, Mourya R, Mizuochi T, Shivakumar P, Phelan K, Mayhew C, Helmrath M, Takebe T, Wells J, Bezerra JA. Paracrine signals regulate human liver organoid maturation from induced pluripotent stem cells. Development 2017; 144:1056-1064. [PMID: 28275009 DOI: 10.1242/dev.142794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A self-organizing organoid model provides a new approach to study the mechanism of human liver organogenesis. Previous animal models documented that simultaneous paracrine signaling and cell-to-cell surface contact regulate hepatocyte differentiation. To dissect the relative contributions of the paracrine effects, we first established a liver organoid using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as previously reported. Time-lapse imaging showed that hepatic-specified endoderm iPSCs (HE-iPSCs) self-assembled into three-dimensional organoids, resulting in hepatic gene induction. Progressive differentiation was demonstrated by hepatic protein production after in vivo organoid transplantation. To assess the paracrine contributions, we employed a Transwell system in which HE-iPSCs were separately co-cultured with MSCs and/or HUVECs. Although the three-dimensional structure did not form, their soluble factors induced a hepatocyte-like phenotype in HE-iPSCs, resulting in the expression of bile salt export pump. In conclusion, the mesoderm-derived paracrine signals promote hepatocyte maturation in liver organoids, but organoid self-organization requires cell-to-cell surface contact. Our in vitro model demonstrates a novel approach to identify developmental paracrine signals regulating the differentiation of human hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Asai
- Pediatric Liver Care Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Eitaro Aihara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Carey Watson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Reena Mourya
- Pediatric Liver Care Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tatsuki Mizuochi
- Pediatric Liver Care Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Pranavkumar Shivakumar
- Pediatric Liver Care Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kieran Phelan
- Pediatric Liver Care Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Christopher Mayhew
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael Helmrath
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Takanori Takebe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - James Wells
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jorge A Bezerra
- Pediatric Liver Care Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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18
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Tetsuka K, Ohbuchi M, Tabata K. Recent Progress in Hepatocyte Culture Models and Their Application to the Assessment of Drug Metabolism, Transport, and Toxicity in Drug Discovery: The Value of Tissue Engineering for the Successful Development of a Microphysiological System. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2302-2311. [PMID: 28533121 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology has provided many useful culture models. This article reviews the merits of this technology in a hepatocyte culture system and describes the applications of the sandwich-cultured hepatocyte model in drug discovery. In addition, we also review recent investigations of the utility of the 3-dimensional bioprinted human liver tissue model and spheroid model. Finally, we present the future direction and developmental challenges of a hepatocyte culture model for the successful establishment of a microphysiological system, represented as an organ-on-a-chip and even as a human-on-a-chip. A merit of advanced culture models is their potential use for detecting hepatotoxicity through repeated exposure to chemicals as they allow long-term culture while maintaining hepatocyte functionality. As a future direction, such advanced hepatocyte culture systems can be connected to other tissue models for evaluating tissue-to-tissue interaction beyond cell-to-cell interaction. This combination of culture models could represent parts of the human body in a microphysiological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Tetsuka
- Analysis & Pharmacokinetics Research Labs., Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Masato Ohbuchi
- Analysis & Pharmacokinetics Research Labs., Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Tabata
- Analysis & Pharmacokinetics Research Labs., Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
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19
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Danoy M, Shinohara M, Rizki-Safitri A, Collard D, Senez V, Sakai Y. Alteration of pancreatic carcinoma and promyeloblastic cell adhesion in liver microvasculature by co-culture of hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells and endothelial cells in a physiologically-relevant model. Integr Biol (Camb) 2017; 9:350-361. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ib00237d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Danoy
- LIMMS/CNRS UMI2820 Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologies (IEMN), Université Lille, CNRS, ISEN, UMR 8520, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marie Shinohara
- Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems (CIBiS), Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Astia Rizki-Safitri
- Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems (CIBiS), Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Dominique Collard
- LIMMS/CNRS UMI2820 Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- SMMIL-E: Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, Boulevard du Pr Jules Leclercq, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Vincent Senez
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologies (IEMN), Université Lille, CNRS, ISEN, UMR 8520, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems (CIBiS), Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, graduate school of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Max Planck - The University of Tokyo, Center for Integrative Inflammology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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20
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Comparison of the transcriptomic profile of hepatic human induced pluripotent stem like cells cultured in plates and in a 3D microscale dynamic environment. Genomics 2016; 109:16-26. [PMID: 27913249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have compared the transcriptomic profiles of human induced pluripotent stem cells after their differentiation in hepatocytes like cells in plates and microfluidic biochips. The biochips provided a 3D and dynamic support during the cell differentiation when compared to the 2D static cultures in plates. The microarray have demonstrated the up regulation of important pathway related to liver development and maturation during the culture in biochips. Furthermore, the results of the transcriptomic profile, coupled with immunostaining, and RTqPCR analysis have shown typical biomarkers illustrating the presence of responders of biliary like cells, hepatocytes like cells, and endothelial like cells. However, the overall tissue still presented characteristic of immature and foetal patterns. Nevertheless, the biochip culture provided a specific micro-environment in which a complex multicellular differentiation toward liver could be oriented.
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21
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Xiao W, Perry G, Komori K, Sakai Y. New physiologically-relevant liver tissue model based on hierarchically cocultured primary rat hepatocytes with liver endothelial cells. Integr Biol (Camb) 2016; 7:1412-22. [PMID: 26304784 DOI: 10.1039/c5ib00170f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To develop an in vitro liver tissue equivalent, hepatocytes should be cocultured with liver non-parenchymal cells to mimic the in vivo physiological microenvironments. In this work, we describe a physiologically-relevant liver tissue model by hierarchically organizing layers of primary rat hepatocytes and human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (TMNK-1) on an oxygen-permeable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane, which facilitates direct oxygenation by diffusion through the membrane. This in vivo-mimicking hierarchical coculture was obtained by simply proceeding the overlay of TMNK-1 cells on the hepatocyte layer re-formed on the collagen immobilized PDMS membranes. The comparison of hepatic functionalities was achieved between coculture and sandwich culture with Matrigel, in the presence and absence of direct oxygenation. A complete double-layered structure of functional liver cells with vertical contact between hepatocytes and TMNK-1 was successfully constructed in the coculture with direct oxygen supply and was well-maintained for 14 days. The hepatocytes in this hierarchical culture exhibited improved survival, functional bile canaliculi formation, cellular level polarization and maintenance of metabolic activities including Cyp1A1/2 activity and albumin production. By contrast, the two cell populations formed discontinuous monolayers on the same surfaces in the non-oxygen-permeable cultures. These results demonstrate that (i) the direct oxygenation through the PDMS membranes enables very simple formation of a hierarchical structure consisting of a hepatocyte layer and a layer of TMNK-1 and (ii) we may include other non-parenchymal cells in this format easily, which can be widely applicable to other epithelial organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Xiao
- Fe505, Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Guillaume Perry
- Fe505, Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan. and LIMMS CNRS/IIS, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kikuo Komori
- Fe505, Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Fe505, Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
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22
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Jellali R, Bricks T, Jacques S, Fleury MJ, Paullier P, Merlier F, Leclerc E. Long-term human primary hepatocyte cultures in a microfluidic liver biochip show maintenance of mRNA levels and higher drug metabolism compared with Petri cultures. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2016; 37:264-75. [DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Jellali
- Sorbonne universités; Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR; 7338 Biomécanique et Bioingénierie Centre de recherche Royallieu, 60203, Compiègne cedex France
| | - Thibault Bricks
- Sorbonne universités; Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR; 7338 Biomécanique et Bioingénierie Centre de recherche Royallieu, 60203, Compiègne cedex France
| | - Sébastien Jacques
- INSERM U1016, Plate-forme génomique, institut Cochin; 75014 Paris France
| | - Marie-José Fleury
- Sorbonne universités; Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR; 7338 Biomécanique et Bioingénierie Centre de recherche Royallieu, 60203, Compiègne cedex France
| | - Patrick Paullier
- Sorbonne universités; Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR; 7338 Biomécanique et Bioingénierie Centre de recherche Royallieu, 60203, Compiègne cedex France
| | - Franck Merlier
- Sorbonne universités; Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS FRE; 3580 Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire Centre de recherche Royallieu, 60203, Compiègne cedex France
| | - Eric Leclerc
- Sorbonne universités; Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR; 7338 Biomécanique et Bioingénierie Centre de recherche Royallieu, 60203, Compiègne cedex France
- CNRS-LIMMS-UMI 2820, Institute of Industrial Science; University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro ku 153-8505 Japan
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