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Zhao R, Han F, Yu Q, Zhu Z, Tu Z, Xia T, Li B. A multifunctional scaffold that promotes the scaffold-tissue interface integration and rescues the ROS microenvironment for repair of annulus fibrosus defects. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:257-270. [PMID: 39149595 PMCID: PMC11325007 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited self-repair ability of the annulus fibrosus (AF), current tissue engineering strategies tend to use structurally biomimetic scaffolds for AF defect repair. However, the poor integration between implanted scaffolds and tissue severely affects their therapeutic effects. To solve this issue, we prepared a multifunctional scaffold containing loaded lysyl oxidase (LOX) plasmid DNA exosomes and manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs). LOX facilitates extracellular matrix (ECM) cross-linking, while MnO2 NPs inhibit excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ECM degradation at the injury site, enhancing the crosslinking effect of LOX. Our results revealed that this multifunctional scaffold significantly facilitated the integration between the scaffold and AF tissue. Cells were able to migrate into the scaffold, indicating that the scaffold was not encapsulated as a foreign body by fibrous tissue. The functional scaffold was closely integrated with the tissue, effectively enhancing the mechanical properties, and preventing vascular invasion, which emphasized the importance of scaffold-tissue integration in AF repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Zhao
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Center of Translational Medicine and Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215028, China
| | - Feng Han
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qifan Yu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Zhuang Zhu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Zhengdong Tu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Second Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Suzhou, 215127, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215153, China
| | - Bin Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
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Mao T, Fan J. Myricetin Restores Autophagy to Attenuate Lumbar Intervertebral Disk Degeneration Via Negative Regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10838-x. [PMID: 38842745 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a critical player in lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD), and autophagy activation has been suggested to prevent the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Myricetin has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant potentials and can activate autophagy. Thus, this study focused on the roles and mechanisms of myricetin in IDD. A puncture-induced rat IDD model was established and intraperitoneally injected with 20-mg/kg/day myricetin. Histopathological changes of intervertebral disks (IVDs) were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Safranin O/Fast Green staining. The isolated NPCs from IVDs of healthy rats were stimulated with IL-1β to mimic IDD-like conditions. The roles of myricetin in cell apoptosis, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, autophagy repression, and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation were examined by cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining. Myricetin treatment attenuated the apoptosis and ECM degradation, and enhanced autophagy in the IL-1β-treated NPCs, whereas the myricetin-mediated protection was limited by autophagy inhibition. Mechanistically, myricetin activated autophagy through blocking the JAK2/STAT3 signaling. In vivo experiments revealed that intraperitoneal injection of myricetin activated NPC autophagy to relieve puncture injury in rats. Myricetin prevents IDD by attenuating NPC apoptosis and ECM degradation through blocking the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to enhance autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Mao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopedic, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
- Hubei Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Junchi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics Ward 1, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 11, Lingjiaohu Road, Jianghan District, Wuhan, 430015, Hubei, China.
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3
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Pang H, Chen S, Klyne DM, Harrich D, Ding W, Yang S, Han FY. Low back pain and osteoarthritis pain: a perspective of estrogen. Bone Res 2023; 11:42. [PMID: 37542028 PMCID: PMC10403578 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is the world's leading cause of disability and is increasing in prevalence more rapidly than any other pain condition. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA) are two common causes of LBP, and both occur more frequently in elderly women than in other populations. Moreover, osteoarthritis (OA) and OA pain, regardless of the joint, are experienced by up to twice as many women as men, and this difference is amplified during menopause. Changes in estrogen may be an important contributor to these pain states. Receptors for estrogen have been found within IVD tissue and nearby joints, highlighting the potential roles of estrogen within and surrounding the IVDs and joints. In addition, estrogen supplementation has been shown to be effective at ameliorating IVD degeneration and OA progression, indicating its potential use as a therapeutic agent for people with LBP and OA pain. This review comprehensively examines the relationship between estrogen and these pain conditions by summarizing recent preclinical and clinical findings. The potential molecular mechanisms by which estrogen may relieve LBP associated with IVD degeneration and FJOA and OA pain are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Pang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Shihui Chen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David M Klyne
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David Harrich
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Wenyuan Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Joint International Research Center for Spinal Diseases, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Sidong Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
- Hebei Joint International Research Center for Spinal Diseases, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Felicity Y Han
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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4
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Naidoo N, Khan R, Abdulwahab T, Almqvist KF, Lakshmanan J, Prithishkumar IJ. A novel reconstructive approach of the lumbar vertebral column from 2D MRI to 3D models. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ANATOMY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2022.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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5
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Peng P, Wang D, Xu X, Wang D, Gao B, Wang H, Jia H, Shang Q, Zheng C, Gao C, Mao J, Luo Z, Yang L, Hu X. Targeting clock-controlled gene Nrf2 ameliorates inflammation-induced intervertebral disc degeneration. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:181. [PMID: 35922862 PMCID: PMC9347076 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc (IVD) is a highly rhythmic tissue, which experiences a diurnal cycle of high/low mechanical loading via the changes of activity/rest phase. There are signs that disruption of the peripheral IVD clock is related to the process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, it is still unclear whether inflammation could disturb the IVD clock and thus induce the process of IDD. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we used IL-1β, a commonly used inflammatory factor, to induce IDD and found that the IVD clock was dampened in degenerated human nucleus pulposus specimens, rat nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues, and cells. In this study, we found that the circadian clock of NP cells was totally disrupted by knockdown of the core clock gene brain and muscle arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1), which thus induced the dysfunction of NP cells. Next, we explored the mechanism of dampened clock-induced IDD and found that knockdown of Bmal1 decreased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a downstream target gene of Bmal1, and increased inflammatory response, oxidative stress reaction, and apoptosis of NP cells. In addition, NRF2 activation attenuated the dysfunction of NP cells induced by the dampened IVD clock and the degenerative process of NP tissues in an organotypic tissue-explant model. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study extends the relationship between peripheral clock and IVD homeostasis and provides a potential therapeutic method for the prevention and recovery of IDD by targeting the clock-controlled gene Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandi Peng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoruo Jia
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiliang Shang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Mao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China. .,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China. .,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueyu Hu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
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Changes in Elements and Relationships among Elements in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159042. [PMID: 35897416 PMCID: PMC9332279 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a complex and progressive process of disc aging. One of the most important causes of changes in the internal environment, leading to IVDD, can be changes in the concentration of individual metal elements. This study aimed to analyze the concentrations of copper, iron, manganese, lead, zinc, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and calcium in the degenerated intervertebral discs of the lumbosacral spine, compared to healthy intervertebral discs. The study group (S) consisted of 113 Caucasian patients, qualified by a specialist surgeon for IVDD of the lumbosacral spine. The control group (C) consisted of 81 individuals. The biological material was obtained from Caucasian human cadavers during post-mortem examination. The concentrations of individual elements were assessed using inductively coupled plasma−optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Statistically significant differences in the concentrations of microelements, depending on the degree of pain intensity, were noted for only potassium (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences in the concentrations of the assessed microelements, depending on the degree of radiological advancement of the lesions, were noted for copper and iron (p < 0.05). In the degenerated intervertebral discs, the strongest relationships were noted between the concentrations of zinc and lead (r = 0.67; p < 0.05), zinc and phosphorus (r = 0.74; p < 0.05), and zinc and calcium (r = 0.77; p < 0.05). It has been indicated that, above all, the concentrations of copper and iron depend on the advancement of radiological changes, according to the Pfirrmann scale; however, no influence on the pain intensity, depending on the concentration of the assessed elements, was found.
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Lin H, Tian S, Peng Y, Wu L, Xiao Y, Qing X, Shao Z. IGF Signaling in Intervertebral Disc Health and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:817099. [PMID: 35178405 PMCID: PMC8843937 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.817099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal symptom, which brings a lot of pain and economic loss to patients. One of the most common causes of LBP is intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). However, pathogenesis is still debated, and therapeutic options are limited. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathways play an important role in regulating different cell processes, including proliferation, differentiation, migration, or cell death, which are critical to the homeostasis of tissues and organs. The IGF signaling is crucial in the occurrence and progression of IVDD. The activation of IGF signaling retards IVDD by increasing cell proliferation, promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, inhibiting ECM decomposition, and preventing apoptosis and senescence of disc cells. However, abnormal activation of IGF signaling may promote the process of IVDD. IGF signaling is currently considered to have a promising treatment prospect for IVDD. An in-depth understanding of the role of IGF signaling in IVDD may help find a novel approach for IVDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangcheng Qing
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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8
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The Dual Effect of Abnormal Serum Uric Acid on Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2362799. [PMID: 34630846 PMCID: PMC8494577 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2362799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An abnormal serum uric acid (SUA) level is associated with many diseases. To our knowledge, there is no research on the association between SUA and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between SUA and IDD. From June 2011 to July 2020, 691 patients undergoing surgery for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) were included in the LDH group, and 684 patients who underwent endoscopic surgery for knee trauma were included in the non-LDH group. We examined the baseline characteristics of all these patients and divided the SUA level into 10 groups according to the percentiles in males, females, and the total population. Subsequently, the relationship between the SUA level and IDD was further analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference in the baseline characteristics of the two groups (p > 0.05). Among the 10 groups, the LDH rate was higher at both lower and higher SUA levels. In multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, and drinking, when the SUA level was <20% or >80%, compared with 60-80%, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of LDH of the total population were 1.821 (1.125-2.946) and 1.701 (1.186-2.438), respectively, and in the males, they were 1.922 (1.169-3.161) and 2.800 (1.766, 4.439), respectively. In females, when the SUA was <20%, there was a higher LDH rate (OR = 1.951, 95% CI 1.091-3.486). The present study suggests that there is a U-shaped relationship between SUA and IDD, being particularly prominent among male. Lower and higher SUA level may be risk factors for IDD.
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9
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Applications of Functionalized Hydrogels in the Regeneration of the Intervertebral Disc. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2818624. [PMID: 34458364 PMCID: PMC8397561 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2818624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is caused by genetics, aging, and environmental factors and is one of the leading causes of low back pain. The treatment of IDD presents many challenges. Hydrogels are biomaterials that possess properties similar to those of the natural extracellular matrix and have significant potential in the field of regenerative medicine. Hydrogels with various functional qualities have recently been used to repair and regenerate diseased intervertebral discs. Here, we review the mechanisms of intervertebral disc homeostasis and degeneration and then discuss the applications of hydrogel-mediated repair and intervertebral disc regeneration. The classification of artificial hydrogels and natural hydrogels is then briefly introduced, followed by an update on the development of functional hydrogels, which include noncellular therapeutic hydrogels, cellular therapeutic hydrogel scaffolds, responsive hydrogels, and multifunctional hydrogels. The challenges faced and future developments of the hydrogels used in IDD are discussed as they further promote their clinical translation.
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Dai X, Guan Y, Zhang Z, Xiong Y, Liu C, Li H, Liu B. Comparison of the differentiation abilities of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells toward nucleus pulposus-like cells in three-dimensional culture. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1018. [PMID: 34373704 PMCID: PMC8343765 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) transplantation can be a potential therapeutic approach for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, low cell viability has restricted the therapeutic capacity of NPCs, and sources of natural NPCs are limited. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) can be differentiated toward NPC-like cells. However, it is unknown whether there are differences in the abilities of these two cell types to differentiate into NPC-like cells, or which cell type exhibits the best differentiation ability. The present study compared the abilities of BMSCs and ADSCs to differentiate toward NPC-like cells with or without a 3D culture system to lay a foundation for stem cell transplantation therapy for IDD. BMSCs were isolated from the rat whole bone marrow cell using the repeated adherent culture method. ADSCs were isolated from rat adipose tissues in the subcutaneous inguinal region using the enzyme digestion method. Cells were identified using flow cytometry. Cell viability was assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were carried out to evaluate the expression of NPC markers and chondrocyte-specific genes. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans were examined via Alcian blue and safranin O staining, respectively. ADSCs in 3D culture displayed the highest cell proliferative ability, compared with the 2D culture system and BMSC culture. In addition, ADSCs in 3D culture exhibited increased GAG and proteoglycan synthesis than BMSCs. Compared with BMSCs in 3D culture, ADSCs in 3D culture exhibited higher mRNA and protein expression of NPC marker genes (hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, glucose transporter 1) and chondrocyte-specific genes (Sox-9, aggrecan and type II collagen). The present findings indicated that ADSCs exhibited a better ability to differentiate into NPC-like cells in 3D culture compared with BMSCs, which may be of value for the regeneration of intervertebral discs using cell transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Spine Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Yanyu Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Kunming Yan'an Hospital, Chenggong Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Zhongzi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Spine Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Orthopedic Spine Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Spine Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Spine Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Bailian Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Spine Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
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11
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Zhou Y, Deng M, Su J, Zhang W, Liu D, Wang Z. The Role of miR-31-5p in the Development of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Its Therapeutic Potential. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:633974. [PMID: 33816484 PMCID: PMC8012912 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.633974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) refers to the abnormal response of cell-mediated progressive structural failure. In order to understand the molecular mechanism of the maintenance and destruction of the intervertebral disc, new IDD treatment methods are developed. Here, we first analyzed the key regulators of IDD through microRNAs microarrays. Then, the level of miR-31-5p was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The association between miR-31-5p and Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXCR7 axis was assessed by 3′-untranslated region (UTR) cloning and luciferase assay. The apoptosis of cells under different treatments was evaluated by flow cytometer. The cell proliferation was assessed by EdU assay. After IDD model establishment, the discs of mice tail were harvested for histological and radiographic evaluation in each group. Finally, the protein levels of SDF-1, CXCR7, ADAMTS-5, Col II, Aggrecan, and MMP13 were assessed by western blot. The results show that miR-31-5p is a key regulator of IDD and its level is down-regulated in IDD. Overexpression of miR-31-5p facilitates nucleus pulposus cell proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, facilitates ECM formation, and inhibits the level of matrix degrading enzymes in NP cells. The SDF-1/CXCR7 axis is the direct target of miR-31-5p. miR-31-5p acts on IDD by regulating SDF-1/CXCR7. In vitro experiments further verified that the up-regulation of miR-31-5p prevented the development of IDD. In conclusion, overexpression of miR-31-5p can inhibit IDD by regulating SDF-1/CXCR7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingsi Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jiqing Su
- Department of Oncology, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongbiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengguang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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12
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Zheng K, Du D. Recent advances of hydrogel-based biomaterials for intervertebral disc tissue treatment: A literature review. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:299-321. [PMID: 33660950 DOI: 10.1002/term.3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is an increasingly prevalent symptom mainly associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. It is highly correlated with aging, as the nucleus pulposus (NP) dehydrates and annulus fibrosus fissure formatting, which finally results in the IVD herniation and related clinical symptoms. Hydrogels have been drawing increasing attention as the ideal candidates for IVD degeneration because of their unique properties such as biocompatibility, highly tunable mechanical properties, and especially the water absorption and retention ability resembling the normal NP tissue. Numerous innovative hydrogel polymers have been generated in the most recent years. This review article will first briefly describe the anatomy and pathophysiology of IVDs and current therapies with their limitations. Following that, the article introduces the hydrogel materials in the classification of their origins. Next, it reviews the recent hydrogel polymers explored for IVD regeneration and analyses what efforts have been made to overcome the existing limitations. Finally, the challenges and prospects of hydrogel-based treatments for IVD tissue are also discussed. We believe that these novel hydrogel-based strategies may shed light on new possibilities in IVD degeneration disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dajiang Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Shi K, Huang Y, Huang L, Wang J, Wang Y, Feng G, Liu L, Song Y. [Research progress of hydrogel used for regeneration of nucleus pulposus in intervertebral disc degeneration]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:275-284. [PMID: 32174070 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201907092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To summarize the research progress of hydrogels for the regeneration and repair of degenerative intervertebral disc and to investigate the potential of hydrogels in clinical application. Methods The related literature about the role of hydrogels in intervertebral disc degeneration especially for nucleus pulposus was reviewed and analyzed. Results Hydrogels share similar properties with nucleus pulposus, and it plays an important role in the regeneration and repair of degenerative intervertebral disc, which can be mainly applied in nucleus pulposus prosthesis, hydrogel-based cell therapy, non-cellular therapy, and tissue engineering repair. Conclusion Hydrogels are widely used in the regeneration and repair of intervertebral disc, which provides a potential treatment for intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shi
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Yong Huang
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Leizhen Huang
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Ganjun Feng
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Limin Liu
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Yueming Song
- Departmen of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
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Venous Drainage of Lumbar Vertebral Bodies: Anatomic Study with Application to Kyphoplasty, Vertebroplasty, and Pedicle Screw Complications. World Neurosurg 2020; 137:e286-e290. [PMID: 32014549 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.01.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone cement augmentation with polymethylmethacrylate is a reliable method for stabilizing osteoporotic compression fractures and improving fixation of pedicle screws. However, cement extrusion into the vertebral venous system can result in pulmonary cement embolism. The goal of this anatomic study was to identify the relationship between the internal/external vertebral plexus and neighboring abdominal caval system. METHODS Thirty-two lumbar vertebral levels were used in this study. Anterior abdominal dissection was performed to access the lumbar vertebral bodies through the peritoneal cavity, and a 16-gauge needle was placed into the center of each lumbar vertebral body at its anterior aspect. Fluoroscopy was used to confirm if the needle was correctly placed. Next, latex and/or continuous air injections were performed into each lumbar vertebral level (L1-L5). Observations confirmed if the latex or air traveled into the inferior vena cava. In addition, the spinal canal was opened to see if any latex was found to enter inside the vertebral canal in cadavers injected with the latex. RESULTS Latex or air was found to flow into the inferior vena cava at all the lumbar vertebral levels. The latex/air was not observed in the spinal canal in any specimen. CONCLUSIONS An exact knowledge of the lumbar vertebral venous anatomy is essential when procedures that could affect the vertebral venous system are involved. Its complexity and anatomic variability necessitate such an understanding to better prevent/understand possible complications associated with polymethylmethacrylate extrusion.
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Melatonin modulates IL-1β-induced extracellular matrix remodeling in human nucleus pulposus cells and attenuates rat intervertebral disc degeneration and inflammation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:10499-10512. [PMID: 31772145 PMCID: PMC6914432 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory-associated factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are widely reported to be associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD). N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (melatonin) is a natural hormone secreted by the pineal gland which has been shown to participate in several physiological and pathological progresses, such as aging, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and autophagy regulation. However, the effects of melatonin on IVD remain unclear. In the present study, we treated human nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) with melatonin and discovered that melatonin could modulate extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling induced by IL-1β by enhancing collagen II and aggrecan expression levels and by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) levels. These findings were verified by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. Intraperitoneal injection of melatonin mitigated IVDD in the rat tail puncture model. X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Safranine O-Green, Alcian blue and Celium red staining methods were adopted to evaluate IVDD grades, the structural integrity of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) and the damage and calcification of the cartilage endplate. Melatonin reduced inflammatory cell aggregation and the release of the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α as determined by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that melatonin could modulate ECM remodeling by IL-1β in vitro and attenuate the IVDD and induction of inflammation in a rat tail puncture model in vivo. The data demonstrated that melatonin may contribute to the restoration processs of IVD following damage and may be used as a potential novel therapy for IVDD.
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Iwanaga J, Simonds E, Yilmaz E, Schumacher M, Patel M, Tubbs RS. Anatomical and Biomechanical Study of the Lumbar Interspinous Ligament. Asian J Neurosurg 2019; 14:1203-1206. [PMID: 31903363 PMCID: PMC6896651 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_87_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The lumbar interspinous ligaments (ISLs) are thin and short fibers connecting adjacent spinous processes. However, their morphology is variably described and their biomechanics are not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the anatomy and biomechanics of the lumbar ISL. Materials and Methods Five fresh frozen cadaveric specimens were dissected posteriorly to reveal and study the lumbar ISL. Measurements of the ligaments included the anterior vertical height (length A), the posterior vertical height (length P), and the length (length H) at each lumbar level. Next, 17 lumbar vertebral levels from 6 cadaveric specimens were used for tensile strength testing. The ISLs were subjected to vertically controlled increasing manual tension. The force necessary to disrupt the ISL was recorded. Results All the ISLs ran horizontally in an anterior-posterior direction with a slight curve. The average of length A, length P, and length H on the right sides was 9.82, 9.57, and 20.12 mm, respectively. The average of length A, length P, and length H on the left sides was 11.56, 12.01, and 21.42 mm, respectively. The mean tensile strength of the ISL was 162.33 (N) at L1/2, 85.67 (N) at L2/3, and 79 (N) at L3/4. There was a significant difference in the tensile force between L1/2 and L2/3 and L1/2 and L3/4 (P < 0.05). The ligaments became weaker with a descent along the lumbar levels. Conclusion The results of this study might help surgeons understand pathology/trauma of the lumbar vertebral region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Iwanaga
- Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | - Emre Yilmaz
- Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | - R Shane Tubbs
- Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada
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Iwanaga J, Ishak B, Saga T, Singla A, Impastato D, Chapman JR, Oskouian RJ, David G, Porzionato A, Reina MA, Macchi V, Caro R, Tubbs RS. The Lumbar Ligamentum Flavum Does Not Have Two Layers and Is Confluent with the Interspinous Ligament: Anatomical Study with Application to Surgical and Interventional Pain Procedures. Clin Anat 2019; 33:34-40. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.23437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Iwanaga
- Seattle Science Foundation Seattle Washington
- Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Basem Ishak
- Seattle Science Foundation Seattle Washington
- Swedish Medical Center Swedish Neuroscience Institute Seattle Washington
- Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Tsuyoshi Saga
- Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Japan
| | - Amit Singla
- Swedish Medical Center Swedish Neuroscience Institute Seattle Washington
| | - David Impastato
- Swedish Medical Center Swedish Neuroscience Institute Seattle Washington
| | - Jens R. Chapman
- Swedish Medical Center Swedish Neuroscience Institute Seattle Washington
| | - Rod J. Oskouian
- Seattle Science Foundation Seattle Washington
- Swedish Medical Center Swedish Neuroscience Institute Seattle Washington
| | - Glen David
- Swedish Medical Center Swedish Neuroscience Institute Seattle Washington
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Miguel Angel Reina
- School of Medicine CEU San Pablo University Madrid Spain
- Department of Anesthesiology Madrid‐Montepríncipe University Hospital Madrid Spain
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Raffaele Caro
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - R. Shane Tubbs
- Seattle Science Foundation Seattle Washington
- Department of Anatomical Sciences St. George's University St. George's, Grenada West Indies
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Iliolumbar Vein: Anatomy and Surgical Importance During Lateral Transpsoas and Oblique Approaches to Lumbar Spine. World Neurosurg 2019; 128:e768-e772. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.04.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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