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Holbert CE, Casero RA, Stewart TM. Polyamines: the pivotal amines in influencing the tumor microenvironment. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:173. [PMID: 38761252 PMCID: PMC11102423 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular proliferation, function and survival is reliant upon maintaining appropriate intracellular polyamine levels. Due to increased metabolic needs, cancer cells elevate their polyamine pools through coordinated metabolism and uptake. High levels of polyamines have been linked to more immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME) as polyamines support the growth and function of many immunosuppressive cell types such as MDSCs, macrophages and regulatory T-cells. As cancer cells and other pro-tumorigenic cell types are highly dependent on polyamines for survival, pharmacological modulation of polyamine metabolism is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy. This review covers the roles of polyamines in various cell types of the TME including both immune and stromal cells, as well as how competition for nutrients, namely polyamine precursors, influences the cellular landscape of the TME. It also details the use of polyamines as biomarkers and the ways in which polyamine depletion can increase the immunogenicity of the TME and reprogram tumors to become more responsive to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E Holbert
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert A Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Qian L, Zhu Y, Deng C, Liang Z, Chen J, Chen Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Tian Y, Yang Y. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family in physiological and pathophysiological process and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:50. [PMID: 38424050 PMCID: PMC10904817 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family (PGC-1s), consisting of three members encompassing PGC-1α, PGC-1β, and PGC-1-related coactivator (PRC), was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. PGC-1s are essential coordinators of many vital cellular events, including mitochondrial functions, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, and inflammation. Accumulating evidence has shown that PGC-1s are implicated in many diseases, such as cancers, cardiac diseases and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, kidney diseases, motor system diseases, and metabolic disorders. Examining the upstream modulators and co-activated partners of PGC-1s and identifying critical biological events modulated by downstream effectors of PGC-1s contribute to the presentation of the elaborate network of PGC-1s. Furthermore, discussing the correlation between PGC-1s and diseases as well as summarizing the therapy targeting PGC-1s helps make individualized and precise intervention methods. In this review, we summarize basic knowledge regarding the PGC-1s family as well as the molecular regulatory network, discuss the physio-pathological roles of PGC-1s in human diseases, review the application of PGC-1s, including the diagnostic and prognostic value of PGC-1s and several therapies in pre-clinical studies, and suggest several directions for future investigations. This review presents the immense potential of targeting PGC-1s in the treatment of diseases and hopefully facilitates the promotion of PGC-1s as new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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3
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Safaroghli-Azar A, Emadi F, Lenjisa J, Mekonnen L, Wang S. Kinase inhibitors: Opportunities for small molecule anticancer immunotherapies. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103525. [PMID: 36907320 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
As the fifth pillar of cancer treatment, immunotherapy has dramatically changed the paradigm of therapeutic strategies by focusing on the host's immune system. In the long road of immunotherapy development, the identification of immune-modulatory effects for kinase inhibitors opened a new chapter in this therapeutic approach. These small molecule inhibitors not only directly eradicate tumors by targeting essential proteins of cell survival and proliferation but can also drive immune responses against malignant cells. This review summarizes the current standings and challenges of kinase inhibitors in immunotherapy, either as a single agent or in a combined modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Emadi
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jimma Lenjisa
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Laychiluh Mekonnen
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Shudong Wang
- Drug Discovery and Development, University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA 5000, Australia.
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4
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Chen M, Nie Z, Huang D, Gao Y, Cao H, Zheng L, Zhang S. Development of a polyamine gene expression score for predicting prognosis and treatment response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1048204. [PMID: 36505496 PMCID: PMC9732944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1048204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Polyamine metabolism (PM) is closely related to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is involved in antitumor immunity. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) not only has high immunogenicity but also has significant metabolic changes. However, the role of PM in the immune microenvironment of ccRCC remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the prognostic value of PM-related genes (PMRGs) expression in ccRCC and their correlation with the TME. Methods The expression levels PMRGs in different cells were characterized with single-cell sequencing analysis. The PMRG expression pattern of 777 ccRCC patients was evaluated based on PMRGs. Unsupervised clustering analysis was used in identifying PMRG expression subtypes, and Lasso regression analysis was used in developing polyamine gene expression score (PGES), which was validated in external and internal data sets. The predictive value of PGES for immunotherapy was validated in the IMvigor210 cohort. Multiple algorithms were used in analyzing the correlation between PGES and immune cells. The sensitivity of PGES to chemotherapeutic drugs was analyzed with the "pRRophetic" package. We validated the genes that develop PGES in tissue samples. Finally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used in identifying the key PMRGs closely related to ccRCC, and cell function experiments were carried out. Results PMRGs were abundantly expressed on tumor cells, and PMRG expression was active in CD8+ T cells and fibroblasts. We identified three PMRG expression subtypes. Cancer and immune related pathways were active in PMRG expression cluster A, which had better prognosis. PGES exhibited excellent predictive value. The high-PGES group was characterized by high immune cell infiltration, high expression of T cell depletion markers, high tumor mutation burden and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion, was insensitive to immunotherapy but sensitive to sunitinib, temsirolimus, and rapamycin, and had poor prognosis. Spermidine synthetase (SRM) has been identified as a key gene and is highly expressed in ccRCC at RNA and protein levels. SRM knockdown can inhibit ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusions We revealed the biological characteristics of PMRG expression subtypes and developed PGES to accurately predict the prognosis of patients and response to immunotherapy.
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Anticancer Cytotoxic Activity of Bispidine Derivatives Associated with the Increasing Catabolism of Polyamines. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123872. [PMID: 35744995 PMCID: PMC9229528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyamine (PA) catabolism is often reduced in cancer cells. The activation of this metabolic pathway produces cytotoxic substances that might cause apoptosis in cancer cells. Chemical compounds able to restore the level of PA catabolism in tumors could become potential antineoplastic agents. The search for activators of PA catabolism among bicyclononan-9-ones is a promising strategy for drug development. The aim of the study was to evaluate the biological activity of new 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one derivatives that have antiproliferative properties by accelerating PA catabolism. Eight bispidine derivatives were synthetized and demonstrated the ability to activate PA catabolism in regenerating rat liver homogenates. However, only three of them demonstrated a potent ability to decrease the viability of cancer cells in the MTT assay. Compounds 4c and 4e could induce apoptosis more effectively in cancer HepG2 cells rather than in normal WI-38 fibroblasts. The lead compound 4e could significantly enhance cancer cell death, but not the death of normal cells if PAs were added to the cell culture media. Thus, the bispidine derivative 4e 3-(3-methoxypropyl)-7-[3-(1H-piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane could become a potential anticancer drug substance whose mechanism relies on the induction of PA catabolism in cancer cells.
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Ke M, Qian J, Hao F, Li X, Wu H, Luo X, Xu B, Gu C, Yang Y. Acupuncture Synergized With Bortezomib Improves Survival of Multiple Myeloma Mice via Decreasing Metabolic Ornithine. Front Oncol 2021; 11:779562. [PMID: 34804983 PMCID: PMC8596548 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.779562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy worldwide in urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Since Velcade (bortezomib) was approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM in 2003, we have seen considerable improvement in extending MM patient survival. However, most patients are fraught with high recurrence rate and incurability. Acupuncture is known for alleviating patient symptoms and improving the quality of life, but it is not well investigated in MM, especially in combination with bortezomib. In this study, we employed LC-MS and UHPLC-MS together with bioinformatics methods to test serum samples from 5TMM3VT MM murine model mice with four different treatments [control (C) group, bortezomib (V) treatment group, acupuncture (A) group, and combined (VA) group]. MM mice in group VA had longer survival time than mice in group A or group V. Joint pathway analysis indicated the underlying arginine and proline metabolism pathway among the 32 significantly decreased metabolites in group VA. CCK-8 assay and in vivo experiments validated that ornithine, the metabolite of arginine, promoted MM cell proliferation. In addition, gene expression omnibus (GEO) database analysis suggested that MM patients with higher ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) expression were evidently associated with poor overall survival. In summary, this study demonstrates the synergistic effects of acupuncture and bortezomib on extending the survival of MM model mice and provides potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Ke
- Large Data Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Qian
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Hao
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinying Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Wu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Luo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Large Data Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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7
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Guo T, Gu C, Li B, Xu C. Dual inhibition of FGFR4 and BCL-xL inhibits multi-resistant ovarian cancer with BCL2L1 gain. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:19750-19759. [PMID: 34351305 PMCID: PMC8386571 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Overexpression of BCL2L1 (BCL-xL) was associated with platinum resistance in ovarian cancer (OvCa). However, role of copy number (CN) gain of BCL2L1 in OvCa remains elusive. Methods: In silico analyses of multiple public datasets were perform. Validation was carried out in our tissue microarray (TMA) of OvCa cases. In vitro and in vivo assays was performed to explore potential targeted compound against BCL2L1-gained OvCa. Results: BCL2L1 was gained in ~60% of OvCa. BCL2L1 was differentially expressed between healthy and cancerous ovarian cases. BCL2L1 gain was not prognostic either in overall or in progression-free survival but higher BCL2L1 expression was associated with worsened survival, indicating biological distinction between CN gain and overexpression of the gene. BCL2L1 gain was associated with multi-resistance to various drug with no significant sensitivity to any single agent. Only CRISPR-mediated BCL2L1 knockout, but not shRNA could be inhibitive. Combined genetic silencing of FGFR4/NCAM and BCL2L1 with shRNA induced potent inhibition of BCL2L1-gained OvCa with durable effect. Combined inhibition of FGFR/BCL-xL was required for inhibiting BCL2L1-gained OvCa in vitro and in vivo. Only dual inhibition of FGFR/BCL-xL without platinum was tolerable in vivo. Conclusion: Gain of BCL2L1 is associated with resistance to multiple anti-cancer agents in OvCa. Dual inhibition of FGFR4 and BCL-xL showed potent effect and tolerable toxicity, holding promise to further translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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8
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Yoshida K, Yoshikawa N, Kitami K, Tamauchi S, Ikeda Y, Yokoi A, Nishino K, Niimi K, Kajiyama H. Metabolome analysis reveals a diversity of cancer tissues in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:314. [PMID: 34134729 PMCID: PMC8207638 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women worldwide, and advanced epithelial ovarian cancer frequently metastasizes to the omentum. The characteristics of metastatic cancer may differ from those of primary ovarian cancer and reflect the unique omental microenvironment. This study investigated metabolomic differences in epithelial ovarian cancers. Methods Patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were eligible for this study. Five patients underwent surgery and resection of paired primary ovarian and omental metastatic cancer at Nagoya University. Metabolome analysis was performed in these paired cancer and metastatic cancer tissues through a facility service (C-SCOPE) at Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc. The concentrations of 116 compounds were measured by CE-TOFMS and CE-QqQMS, and 30 metabolic parameters were calculated. For statistical analyses, Welch’s t-test was used for comparisons between two independent groups. Results Metabolite profiles were all different, which reflects diversity among these cancer tissues. Of the measured compounds, urea was the only metabolite that was significantly decreased in omental metastatic cancers compared with the primary cancers (p = 0.031). Moreover, in omental metastatic cancers, the pentose phosphate pathway was more dominant than glycolysis. Furthermore, in some cases, lactic acids in omental metastatic cancers were markedly decreased compared with primary cancers. With regard to histological subtype, the total levels of amino acids, especially the percentage of glutamine, were significantly enriched in serous carcinomas compared with nonserous carcinomas (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001). Moreover, the reduced forms of glutathione and polyamines were also more abundant in serous carcinomas than in nonserous carcinomas (p = 0.025 and 0.048). Conclusions The metabolite profiles differed depending on tumor location and histological subtype. Metabolome analysis may be a useful tool for identifying cancer diagnostic and prognostic markers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02014-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Yoshikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Kitami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Li S, Gao J, Xu Q, Zhang X, Huang M, Dai X, Huang K, Liu L. A Signature-Based Classification of Gastric Cancer That Stratifies Tumor Immunity and Predicts Responses to PD-1 Inhibitors. Front Immunol 2021; 12:693314. [PMID: 34177954 PMCID: PMC8232232 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.693314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths with considerable heterogeneity among patients. Appropriate classifications are essential for prognosis prediction and individualized treatment. Although immunotherapy showed potential efficacy in a portion of patients with gastric cancer, few studies have tried to classify gastric cancer specifically based on immune signatures. In this study, we established a 3-subtype cluster with low (CLIM), medium (CMIM), and high (CHIM) enrichment of immune signatures based on immunogenomic profiling. We validated the classification in multiple independent datasets. The CHIM subtype exhibited a relatively better prognosis and showed features of “hot tumors”, including low tumor purity, high stromal components, overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules, and enriched tumor-infiltrated immune cells (activated T cells and macrophages). In addition, CHIM tumors were also characterized by frequent ARID1A mutation, rare TP53 mutation, hypermethylation status, and altered protein expression (HER2, β-catenin, Cyclin E1, PREX1, LCK, PD-L1, Transglutaminase, and cleaved Caspase 7). By Gene Set Variation Analysis, “TGFβ signaling pathway” and “GAP junction” were enriched in CLIM tumors and inversely correlated with CD8+ and CD4+ T cell infiltration. Of note, the CHIM patients showed a higher response rate to immunotherapy (44.4% vs. 11.1% and 16.7%) and a more prolonged progression-free survival (4.83 vs. 1.86 and 2.75 months) than CMIM and CLIM patients in a microsatellite-independent manner. In conclusion, the new immune signature-based subtypes have potential therapeutic and prognostic implications for gastric cancer management, especially immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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10
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Riess C, Irmscher N, Salewski I, Strüder D, Classen CF, Große-Thie C, Junghanss C, Maletzki C. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in head and neck cancer and glioblastoma-backbone or add-on in immune-oncology? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:153-171. [PMID: 33161487 PMCID: PMC7897202 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) control the cell cycle and play a crucial role in oncogenesis. Pharmacologic inhibition of CDK has contributed to the recent clinical approval of dual CDK4/6 inhibitors for the treatment of breast and small cell lung cancer. While the anticancer cell effects of CDK inhibitors are well-established, preclinical and early clinical studies describe additional mechanisms of action such as chemo- and radiosensitization or immune stimulation. The latter offers great potential to incorporate CDK inhibitors in immune-based treatments. However, dosing schedules and accurate timing of each combination partner need to be respected to prevent immune escape and resistance. In this review, we provide a detailed summary of CDK inhibitors in the two solid cancer types head and neck cancer and glioblastoma multiforme; it describes the molecular mechanisms of response vs. resistance and covers strategies to avoid resistance by the combination of immunotherapy or targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Riess
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- University Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Irmscher
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Inken Salewski
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daniel Strüder
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery "Otto Körner", Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Carl-Friedrich Classen
- University Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina Große-Thie
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
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James NE, Woodman M, DiSilvestro PA, Ribeiro JR. The Perfect Combination: Enhancing Patient Response to PD-1-Based Therapies in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2150. [PMID: 32756436 PMCID: PMC7466102 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, with an overall 5-year survival of only 47%. As the development of novel targeted therapies is drastically necessary in order to improve patient survival, current EOC clinical trials have heavily focused on immunotherapeutic approaches, centered upon programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors. While PD-1 monotherapies have only exhibited modest responses for patients, it has been theorized that in order to enhance EOC patient response to immunotherapy, combinatorial regimens must be investigated. In this review, unique challenges to EOC PD-1 response will be discussed, along with a comprehensive description of both preclinical and clinical studies evaluating PD-1-based combinatorial therapies. Promising aspects of PD-1-based combinatorial approaches are highlighted, while also discussing specific preclinical and clinical areas of research that need to be addressed, in order to optimize EOC patient immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E. James
- Program in Women’s Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (N.E.J.); (M.W.); (P.A.D.)
| | - Morgan Woodman
- Program in Women’s Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (N.E.J.); (M.W.); (P.A.D.)
| | - Paul A. DiSilvestro
- Program in Women’s Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (N.E.J.); (M.W.); (P.A.D.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Ribeiro
- Program in Women’s Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (N.E.J.); (M.W.); (P.A.D.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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Guo T, Li B, Gu C, Chen X, Han M, Liu X, Xu C. PGC-1α inhibits polyamine metabolism in Cyclin E1-driven ovarian cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7754-7761. [PMID: 31657115 PMCID: PMC6912055 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Cyclin E1‐driven ovarian cancer (OvCa) is characterized with metabolic shift. In this study, we aim to pinpoint the metabolic pathway altered and assess its therapeutic potential. Methods In silico reproduction of TCGA ovarian cancer dataset and functional annotation using GSEA was performed. Candidate metabolic pathway was validated using in vitro and in vivo assays. Results From TCGA database, we found that polyamine metabolism was significantly enriched in Cyclin E1‐driven OvCa. Expressions of SMS, SRM, and ODC1 were positively correlated with that of CCNE1, respectively. ODC1 and SMS expressions were significantly correlated with decreased immune infiltrates. PGC‐1α silencing significantly decreased invasion and migration in both OvCa cell lines. Both spermidine and spermine levels were significantly increased when PGC‐1α was silenced. Targeting SRM significantly decreased spermine level in OVCAR3 cells, which was rescued when PGC‐1α was silenced. Silencing of PGC‐1α resulted in increased SRM in both OvCa cells. Dinaciclib significantly decreased invasion and migration of OVCAR3 cells. Expressions of PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 were predominantly in tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes. Dinaciclib showed no notable effect of PD‐1 yet substantially induced the increased levels of PD‐L1 and PD‐L2. Conclusion Cyclin E1‐driven OvCa is characterized with activated polyamine synthesis, which is associated with decreased cancer immunity. Targeting polyamine and CDK2 may therefore sensitize this genotype to immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiuying Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mengxin Han
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaocheng Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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