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da Silva AM, Yevdokimova V, Benoit YD. Sam68 is a druggable vulnerability point in cancer stem cells. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:441-456. [PMID: 37792222 PMCID: PMC11016129 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Sam68 (Src associated in mitosis of 68 kDa) is an RNA-binding and multifunctional protein extensively characterized in numerous cellular functions, such as RNA processing, cell cycle regulation, kinase- and growth factor signaling. Recent investigations highlighted Sam68 as a primary target of a class of reverse-turn peptidomimetic drugs, initially developed as inhibitors of Wnt/β-catenin mediated transcription. Further investigations on such compounds revealed their capacity to selectively eliminate cancer stem cell (CSC) activity upon engaging Sam68. This work highlighted previously unappreciated roles for Sam68 in the maintenance of neoplastic self-renewal and tumor-initiating functions. Here, we discuss the implication of Sam68 in tumorigenesis, where central findings support its contribution to chromatin regulation processes essential to CSCs. We also review advances in CSC-targeting drug discovery aiming to modulate Sam68 cellular distribution and protein-protein interactions. Ultimately, Sam68 constitutes a vulnerability point of CSCs and an attractive therapeutic target to impede neoplastic stemness in human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Mendes da Silva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Veronika Yevdokimova
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Yannick D Benoit
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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2
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Saiki H, Hayashi Y, Yoshii S, Kimura E, Nakagawa K, Kato M, Uema R, Inoue T, Sakatani A, Yoshihara T, Tsujii Y, Shinzaki S, Iijima H, Takehara T. The apelin‑apelin receptor signaling pathway in fibroblasts is involved in tumor growth via p53 expression of cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:139. [PMID: 37921070 PMCID: PMC10631769 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer‑associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are pivotal in tumor progression. TP53‑deficiency in cancer cells is associated with robust stromal activation. The apelin‑apelin receptor (APJ) system has been implicated in suppressing fibroblast‑to‑myofibroblast transition in non‑neoplastic organ fibrosis. The present study aimed to elucidate the oncogenic role of the apelin‑APJ system in tumor fibroblasts. APJ expression and the effect of APJ suppression in fibroblasts were investigated for p53 status in cancer cells using human cell lines (TP53‑wild colon cancer, HCT116, and Caco‑2; TP53‑mutant colon cancer, SW480, and DLD‑1; and colon fibroblasts, CCD‑18Co), resected human tissue samples of colorectal cancers, and immune‑deficient nude mouse xenograft models. The role of exosomes collected by ultracentrifugation were also analyzed as mediators of p53 expression in cancer cells and APJ expression in fibroblasts. APJ expression in fibroblasts co‑cultured with p53‑suppressed colon cancer cells (HCT116sh p53 cells) was significantly lower than in control colon cancer cells (HCT116sh control cells). APJ‑suppressed fibroblasts treated with an antagonist or small interfering RNA showed myofibroblast‑like properties, including increased proliferation and migratory abilities, via accelerated phosphorylation of Sma‑ and Mad‑related protein 2/3 (Smad2/3). In addition, xenografts of HCT116 cells with APJ‑suppressed fibroblasts showed accelerated tumor growth. By contrast, apelin suppressed the upregulation of phosphorylated Smad2/3 in fibroblasts. MicroRNA 5703 enriched in exosomes derived from HCT116sh p53 cells inhibited APJ expression, and inhibition of miR‑5703 diminished APJ suppression in fibroblasts caused by cancer cells. APJ suppression from a specific microRNA in cancer cell‑derived exosomes induced CAF‑like properties in fibroblasts. Thus, the APJ system in fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment may be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Saiki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Yoshito Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yoshii
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Eiji Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Minoru Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Uema
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Takanori Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sakatani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Police Hospital, Tennoji, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsujii
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Shinzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Hideki Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Osaka 543-0035, Japan
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Ma C, Liu M, Feng W, Rao H, Zhang W, Liu C, Xu Y, Wang Z, Teng Y, Yang X, Ni L, Xu J, Gao W, Lu B, Li L. Loss of SETD2 aggravates colorectal cancer progression caused by SMAD4 deletion through the RAS/ERK signalling pathway. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1475. [PMID: 37962020 PMCID: PMC10644329 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGOUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex, multistep disease that arises from the interplay genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations. The histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase SET domain-containing 2 (SETD2), as an epigenetic signalling molecule, has a 5% mutation rate in CRC. SETD2 expression is decreased in the development of human CRC and mice treated with Azoxymethane /Dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS). Loss of SETD2 promoted CRC development. SMAD Family member 4 (SMAD4) has a 14% mutation rate in CRC, and SMAD4 ablation leads to CRC. The co-mutation of SETD2 and SMAD4 predicted advanced CRC. However, little is known on the potential synergistic effect of SETD2 and SMAD4. METHODS CRC tissues from mice and SW620 cells were used as research subjects. Clinical databases of CRC patients were analyzed to investigate the association between SETD2 and SMAD4. SETD2 and SMAD4 double-knockout mice were established to further investigate the role of SETD2 in SMAD4-deficient CRC. The intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were isolated for RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to explore the mechanism and the key molecules resulting in CRC. Molecular and cellular experiments were conducted to analyze the role of SETD2 in SMAD4-deficient CRC. Finally, rescue experiments were performed to confirm the molecular mechanism of SETD2 in the development of SMAD4-dificient CRC. RESULTS The deletion of SETD2 promotes the malignant progression of SMAD4-deficient CRC. Smad4Vil-KO ; Setd2Vil-KO mice developed a more severe CRC phenotype after AOM/DSS induction, with a larger tumour size and a more vigorous epithelial proliferation rate. Further mechanistic findings revealed that the loss of SETD2 resulted in the down-regulation of DUSP7, which is involved in the inhibition of the RAS/ERK signalling pathway. Finally, the ERK1/2 inhibitor SCH772984 significantly attenuated the progression of CRC in Smad4Vil-KO ;Setd2Vil-KO mice, and overexpression of DUSP7 significantly inhibited the proliferation rates of SETD2KO ; SMAD4KO SW620 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that SETD2 inhibits the RAS/ERK signaling pathway by facilitating the transcription of DUSP7 in SMAD4-deficient CRC, which could provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hanyu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Changwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein SciencesBeijing Institute of LifeomicsBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein SciencesBeijing Institute of LifeomicsBeijingChina
| | - Li Ni
- Department of NursingShanghai East Hospital, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wei‐Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bing Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med‐X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Kamata K, Takenaka M, Nishida N, Hara A, Otsuka Y, Tanaka H, Omoto S, Minaga K, Yamao K, Chiba Y, Sakai K, Nishio K, Watanabe T, Kudo M. Impact of Smad4 and p53 mutations on the prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing chemotherapy. Int J Clin Oncol 2023; 28:1511-1519. [PMID: 37596505 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-023-02396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This prospective cohort study evaluated the feasibility of using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) samples for comprehensive mutational analysis of cancer-related genes using microtissues. METHODS Fifty patients with suspected pancreatic cancer presenting consecutively at the Kindai University Hospital between January 2018 and January 2019 were enrolled. Cancerous tissues from EUS-FNB were obtained from each tumor and subjected to histological examination and mutational analysis. The primary endpoint was the collection rate of EUS-FNB specimens suitable for comprehensive cancer panels using deep sequencing. Clinical history and genetic variations between the disease control and progressive disease groups of patients on chemotherapy were evaluated as secondary endpoints. RESULTS The collection rate of EUS-FNB specimens suitable for comprehensive cancer panels using deep sequencing was 93.6%. The cancer panel was sequenced for 25 patients with pancreatic cancer treated initially with systemic chemotherapy. Mutation in p53 and Smad4 were positively and negatively associated, respectively, with disease control at the initial evaluation. The median time to progression in 15 patients with p53 and without Smad4 mutations was 182.0 days; whereas, it was 92.5 days in other 10 patients; this difference was significant (p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS Tissue samples from EUS-FNB were suitable for mutational analysis. Pancreatic cancers with p53 and without Smad4 mutations responded better to chemotherapy and had a better prognosis than those others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Mamoru Takenaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Naoshi Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
| | - Akane Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Omoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Chiba
- Clinical Research Center, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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5
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Kwon JW, Oh JS, Seok SH, An HW, Lee YJ, Lee NY, Ha T, Kim HA, Yoon GM, Kim SE, Oh PR, Lee SH, Voon DC, Kim DY, Park JW. Combined inhibition of Bcl-2 family members and YAP induces synthetic lethality in metastatic gastric cancer with RASA1 and NF2 deficiency. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:156. [PMID: 37730636 PMCID: PMC10510129 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targetable molecular drivers of gastric cancer (GC) metastasis remain largely unidentified, leading to limited targeted therapy options for advanced GC. We aimed to identify molecular drivers for metastasis and devise corresponding therapeutic strategies. METHODS We performed an unbiased in vivo genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout (KO) screening in peritoneal dissemination using genetically engineered GC mouse models. Candidate genes were validated through in vivo transplantation assays using KO cells. We analyzed target expression patterns in GC clinical samples using immunohistochemistry. The functional contributions of target genes were studied through knockdown, KO, and overexpression approaches in tumorsphere and organoid assays. Small chemical inhibitors against Bcl-2 members and YAP were tested in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We identified Nf2 and Rasa1 as metastasis-suppressing genes through the screening. Clinically, RASA1 mutations along with low NF2 expression define a distinct molecular subtype of metastatic GC exhibiting aggressive traits. NF2 and RASA1 deficiency increased in vivo metastasis and in vitro tumorsphere formation by synergistically amplifying Wnt and YAP signaling in cancer stem cells (CSCs). NF2 deficiency enhanced Bcl-2-mediated Wnt signaling, conferring resistance to YAP inhibition in CSCs. This resistance was counteracted via synthetic lethality achieved by simultaneous inhibition of YAP and Bcl-2. RASA1 deficiency amplified the Wnt pathway via Bcl-xL, contributing to cancer stemness. RASA1 mutation created vulnerability to Bcl-xL inhibition, but the additional NF2 deletion conferred resistance to Bcl-xL inhibition due to YAP activation. The combined inhibition of Bcl-xL and YAP synergistically suppressed cancer stemness and in vivo metastasis in RASA1 and NF2 co-deficiency. CONCLUSION Our research unveils the intricate interplay between YAP and Bcl-2 family members, which can lead to synthetic lethality, offering a potential strategy to overcome drug resistance. Importantly, our findings support a personalized medicine approach where combined therapy targeting YAP and Bcl-2, tailored to NF2 and RASA1 status, could effectively manage metastatic GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Wan Kwon
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seop Oh
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyeok Seok
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok-Won An
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yun Lee
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehun Ha
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ah Kim
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Min Yoon
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Pu-Reum Oh
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Lee
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dominic C Voon
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Innovative Cancer Model Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Won Park
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1, Kangwondaehak-Gil, Chuncheon-Si, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Dijkstra J, Neikes HK, Rezaeifard S, Ma X, Voest EE, Tauriello DVF, Vermeulen M. Multiomics of Colorectal Cancer Organoids Reveals Putative Mediators of Cancer Progression Resulting from SMAD4 Inactivation. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:138-151. [PMID: 36450103 PMCID: PMC9830641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of metastasis severely reduces the life expectancy of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Although loss of SMAD4 is a key event in CRC progression, the resulting changes in biological processes in advanced disease and metastasis are not fully understood. Here, we applied a multiomics approach to a CRC organoid model that faithfully reflects the metastasis-supporting effects of SMAD4 inactivation. We show that loss of SMAD4 results in decreased differentiation and activation of pro-migratory and cell proliferation processes, which is accompanied by the disruption of several key oncogenic pathways, including the TGFβ, WNT, and VEGF pathways. In addition, SMAD4 inactivation leads to increased secretion of proteins that are known to be involved in a variety of pro-metastatic processes. Finally, we show that one of the factors that is specifically secreted by SMAD4-mutant organoids─DKK3─reduces the antitumor effects of natural killer cells (NK cells). Altogether, our data provide new insights into the role of SMAD4 perturbation in advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelmer
J. Dijkstra
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular
Life Sciences (RIMLS), Oncode Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 26−28, 6525
GA Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - Hannah K. Neikes
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular
Life Sciences (RIMLS), Oncode Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 26−28, 6525
GA Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - Somayeh Rezaeifard
- Department
of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center/Radboud Institute
for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud
University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 26−28, 6525
GA Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - Xuhui Ma
- Department
of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emile E. Voest
- Department
of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele V. F. Tauriello
- Department
of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center/Radboud Institute
for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud
University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 26−28, 6525
GA Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular
Life Sciences (RIMLS), Oncode Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 26−28, 6525
GA Nijmegen, The
Netherlands,
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7
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Chang YK, Tseng HH, Leung CM, Lu KC, Tsai KW. Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Multiple Gene Mutation Profiling of Patients with Rectal Adenocarcinoma Receiving or Not Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810353. [PMID: 36142267 PMCID: PMC9499649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether oncogenic and tumor-suppressive gene mutations are involved in the differential outcomes of patients with rectal carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Genomic DNA was obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens of patients with rectal carcinoma who received a complete nCRT course. Gene mutation status was examined in specimens from patients before and after nCRT by using the AmpliSeq platform. Our data revealed that the nonsynonymous p53, APC, KRAS, CDKN2A, and EGFR mutations were observed in 93.1%, 65.5%, 48.6%, and 31% of the patients with rectal adenocarcinoma, respectively. BRAF, FBXW7, PTEN, and SMAD4 mutations were observed in 20.7% of patients with rectal carcinoma. The following 12 gene mutations were observed more frequently in the patients exhibiting a complete response than in those demonstrating a poor response before nCRT: ATM, BRAF, CDKN2A, EGFR, FLT3, GNA11, KDR, KIT, PIK3CA, PTEN, PTPN11, SMAD4, and TP53. In addition, APC, BRAF, FBXW7, KRAS, SMAD4, and TP53 mutations were retained after nCRT. Our results indicate a complex mutational profile in rectal carcinoma, suggesting the involvement of BRAF, SMAD4, and TP53 genetic variants in the outcomes of patients with nCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Kang Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 23142, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City 97004, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hwa Tseng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Man Leung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81341, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 97004, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-266289779 (ext. 5796); Fax: +886-2-66281258
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