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Wang S, Zhang S, Cheng X, Wang Z, Guo F, Zhang J. An efficient molten steel slag gas quenching process: Integrating carbon solidification and waste heat recovery. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 186:249-258. [PMID: 38941735 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
The iron and steel-making industries have garnered significant attention in research related to low-carbon transitions and the reuse of steel slag. This industry is known for its high carbon emissions and the substantial amount of steel slag it generates. To address these challenges, a waste heat recovery process route has been developed for molten steel slag, which integrates CO2 capture and fixation as well as efficient utilization of steel slag. This process involves the use of lime kiln flue gas from the steel plant as the gas quenching agent, thereby mitigating carbon emissions and facilitating carbonation conversion of steel slag while simultaneously recovering waste heat. The established carbonation model of steel slag reveals that the insufficient diffusion of CO2 gas molecules within the product layer is the underlying mechanism hindering the carbonation performance of steel slag. This finding forms the basis for enhancing the carbonation performance of steel slag. The results of Aspen Plus simulation indicate that 1 t of steel slag (with a carbonation conversion rate of 15.169 %) can fix 55.19 kg of CO2, process 6.08 kmol of flue gas (with a carbon capture rate of 92.733 %), and recover 2.04 GJ of heat, 0.43 GJ of exergy, and 0.68 MWh of operating cost. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient solutions for steel slag management, with potential applications in the steel production industry and other relevant fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024, China
| | - Shufan Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Xingxing Cheng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Fuqiang Guo
- Department of Physics, Changji University, Xinjiang, Changji 831100, China
| | - Jiansheng Zhang
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua University, 032232, China
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Cao P, Zhao X, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Liu J. Effect of Glycine on the Wet Carbonation of Steel Slag Used as a Cementitious Material. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:451. [PMID: 38255619 PMCID: PMC10817294 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The wet carbonation process of steel slag (SS) is envisaged to be an effective way to sequestrate CO2 and improve the properties of SS as a supplementary cementitious material. However, the carbonation process still struggles with having a low carbonation efficiency. This paper studied the effect of glycine on the accelerated carbonation of SS. The phase composition change of carbonated SS was analyzed via XRD, FT-IR, and TG-DTG. The carbonation process of SS is facilitated by the assistance of glycine, with which the carbonation degree is increased. After 60 min of carbonation, SS with glycine obtained a CO2 sequestration rate of 9.42%. Meanwhile, the carbonation reaction could decrease the content of free calcium oxide in SS. This significantly improves the soundness of SS-cement cementitious material, and the compressive strength of cementitious materials that contain carbonated SS with glycine is improved. Additionally, the cycling performance of glycine in the successive wet carbonation process of SS was investigated. Multicycle experiments via solvent recovery demonstrated that although the promotion effect of glycine was reduced after each cycle, compared with the SS-water system, the carbonation process could still be facilitated, demonstrating that successive wet carbonation via solvent recovery has considerable potential. Herein, we provide a new idea to facilitate the wet carbonation process of SS and improve the properties of SS-cement cementitious material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jiaxiang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.)
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Mao Y, Yang X, Gerven TV. Amine-Assisted Simultaneous CO 2 Absorption and Mineral Carbonation: Effect of Different Categories of Amines. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37433123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The hybrid technology of CO2 capture-mineral carbonation (CCMC) using alkaline streams has emerged in recent years. However, thus far, there has been no comprehensive study revealing the mechanisms of the simultaneous CCMC process regarding the choice of amine types and sensitivity of parameters. Combining with the analysis of multistep reaction mechanisms for different amines, we investigated a representative from each category in CCMC using calcium chloride to simulate the alkaline resource after leaching, i.e., primary (ethanolamine, MEA), secondary (diisopropanolamine, DIPA), tertiary (diethylethanolamine, DEAE), and triamine (diethylenetriamine, DETA), respectively. In the adsorption step, increasing the amine concentration beyond 2 mol/L reduced the absorption efficiency of DEAE due to the hydration mechanism, motivating a rational choice of concentration. In CCMC sections, when the amine concentration increased, only DEAE exhibited an increased carbonation efficiency of up to 100%, while DETA showed the lowest conversion. The carbonation of DEAE demonstrated the least sensitivity to temperature. The crystal transformation experiments suggested that over time, the produced vaterite could completely transform to calcite or aragonite, except those from DETA. Thus, with rationally chosen conditions, DEAE was demonstrated ideal for CCMC. These findings obtained in this work provided a theoretical foundation for designing future CCMC processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Gerven
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Abdul F, Iizuka A, Ho HJ, Adachi K, Shibata E. Potential of major by-products from non-ferrous metal industries for CO 2 emission reduction by mineral carbonation: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27898-y. [PMID: 37308624 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By-products from the non-ferrous industry are an environmental problem; however, their economic value is high if utilized elsewhere. For example, by-products that contain alkaline compounds can potentially sequestrate CO2 through the mineral carbonation process. This review discusses the potential of these by-products for CO2 reduction through mineral carbonation. The main by-products that are discussed are red mud from the alumina/aluminum industry and metallurgical slag from the copper, zinc, lead, and ferronickel industries. This review summarizes the CO2 equivalent emissions generated by non-ferrous industries and various data about by-products from non-ferrous industries, such as their production quantities, mineralogy, and chemical composition. In terms of production quantities, by-products of non-ferrous industries are often more abundant than the main products (metals). In terms of mineralogy, by-products from the non-ferrous industry are silicate minerals. Nevertheless, non-ferrous industrial by-products have a relatively high content of alkaline compounds, which makes them potential feedstock for mineral carbonation. Theoretically, considering their maximum sequestration capacities (based on their oxide compositions and estimated masses), these by-products could be used in mineral carbonation to reduce CO2 emissions. In addition, this review attempts to identify the difficulties encountered during the use of by-products from non-ferrous industries for mineral carbonation. This review estimated that the total CO2 emissions from the non-ferrous industries could be reduced by up to 9-25%. This study will serve as an important reference, guiding future studies related to the mineral carbonation of by-products from non-ferrous industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhreza Abdul
- Department of Environmental Studies for Advanced Society, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan.
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Arief Rahman Hakim Street, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia.
| | - Atsushi Iizuka
- Center for Mineral Processing and Metallurgy, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hsing-Jung Ho
- Center for Mineral Processing and Metallurgy, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ken Adachi
- Center for Mineral Processing and Metallurgy, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Etsuro Shibata
- Center for Mineral Processing and Metallurgy, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
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Wang J, Wu P, Wei Y, Zhao Q, Ning P, Huang Y, Wen S, Xu J, Wang Q. Study of calcium-based CO2 sorbent with high cycling stability derived from steel slag and its anti-sintering mechanism. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chen J, Xing Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Guo Z, Su W. Application of iron and steel slags in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157041. [PMID: 35803422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The comprehensive consideration of climate warming and by-product management in the iron and steel industry, has a significant impact on the realization of environmental protection and green production. Blast furnace slag (BFS) and steel slag (SS), collectively called iron and steel slags, are the main by-products of steelmaking. The economical and efficient use of iron and steel slags to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper reviewed the carbonization and waste heat recovery of iron and steel slags, and the utilization of iron and steel slags as soil amendments, discussed their application status and limitations in GHG reduction. Iron and steel slags are rich in CaO, which can be used as CO2 adsorbents to achieve a maximum concentration of 0.4-0.5 kg CO2/kg SS. Blast furnace molten slag contains a considerable amount of waste heat, and thermal methods can recover more than 60 % of the heat energy. Chemical methods can use waste heat in the reaction to generate gas fuel, and iron in slags can be used as a catalytic component to promote chemical reaction. Waste heat recovery saves fuel and reduces the CO2 emissions caused by combustion. When iron and steel slags are used as soil amendments, the iron oxides, alkaline substances, and SiO2 in iron and steel slags can affect the emission of CH4, N2O, and CO2 from soil, microorganisms, and crops, and achieve a maximum reduction of more than 60 % of the overall GHG of paddy fields. Finally, This paper provided valuable suggestions for future GHG reduction studies of iron and steel slags in energy, industry, and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yi Xing
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zefeng Guo
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wei Su
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Air Pollution Control, Guangzhou, 510530, PR China.
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Yuan Y, Lu W, Cheng W, Qi G, Hu X, Su H, Wang M, Zhang M, Liang Y. Method for rapid mineralization of CO2 with carbide slag in the constant-pressure and continuous-feed way and its reaction heat. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hydration Activity and Carbonation Characteristics of Dicalcium Silicate in Steel Slag: A Review. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11101580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dicalcium silicate is one of the main mineral phases of steel slag. Ascribed to the characteristics of hydration and carbonation, the application of slag in cement production and carbon dioxide sequestration has been confirmed as feasible. In the current study, the precipitation process of the dicalcium silicate phase in steel slag was discussed. Meanwhile, the study put emphasis on the influence of different crystal forms of dicalcium silicate on the hydration activity and carbonation characteristics of steel slag. It indicates that most of the dicalcium silicate phase in steel slag is the γ phase with the weakest hydration activity. The hydration activity of γ-C2S is improved to a certain extent by means of mechanical, high temperature, and chemical activation. However, the carbonation activity of γ-C2S is about two times higher than that of β-C2S. Direct and indirect carbonation can effectively capture carbon dioxide. This paper also summarizes the research status of the application of steel slag in cement production and carbon dioxide sequestration. Further development of the potential of dicalcium silicate hydration activity and simplifying the carbonation process are important focuses for the future.
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