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Sedik AA, Hassan A, Saleh DO. Neuromodulatory role of L-arginine: nitric oxide precursor against thioacetamide-induced-hepatic encephalopathy in rats via downregulation of NF-κB-mediated apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28184-7. [PMID: 37378730 PMCID: PMC10359237 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of arginine (ARG), a nitric oxide (NO) precursor, on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in rats by injection of TAA (100 mg/kg, i.p) three times per week for six consecutive weeks. TAA-injected rats were administered ARG (100 mg/kg; p.o.) concurrently with TAA for the six consecutive weeks. Blood samples were withdrawn, and rats were sacrificed; liver and brain tissues were isolated. Results of the present study demonstrated that ARG administration to TAA-injected rats revealed a restoration in the serum and brain ammonia levels as well as serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin levels as well as behavioral alterations evidenced by restoration in locomotor activity, motor skill performance, and memory impairment. ARG showed also improvement in the hepatic and neuro-biochemical values, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress biomarkers. All these results were confirmed by histopathological evaluation as well as ultrastructural imaging of the cerebellum using a transmission electron microscope. Furthermore, treatment with ARG could ameliorate the immunological reactivity of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and cleaved caspase-3 proteins in the cerebellum and hepatic tissues. From all the previous results, it can be fulfilled that ARG showed a beneficial role in modulating the adverse complications associated with TAA-induced HE in rats via reducing hyperammonemia and downregulating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Sedik
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Azza Hassan
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia O Saleh
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
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Jia Z, Zhao C, Wang M, Zhao X, Zhang W, Han T, Xia Q, Han Z, Lin R, Li X. Hepatotoxicity assessment of Rhizoma Paridis in adult zebrafish through proteomes and metabolome. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 121:109558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Bekpinar S, Karaca E, Yamakoğlu S, Alp-Yıldırım Fİ, Olgac V, Uydes-Doğan BS, Cibali E, Gultepe S, Uysal M. Resveratrol ameliorates the cyclosporine-induced vascular and renal impairments: possible impact of the modulation of renin–angiotensin system. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1115-1123. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine, an immunosuppressive drug, exhibits a toxic effect on renal and vascular systems. The present study investigated whether resveratrol treatment alleviates renal and vascular injury induced by cyclosporine. Cyclosporine (25 mg/kg per day, s.c.) was given for 7 days to rats either alone or in combination with resveratrol (10 mg/kg per day, i.p.). Relaxation and contraction responses of aorta were examined. Serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, angiotensin II, and angiotensin 1-7 were measured. Histopathological examinations as well as immunostaining for 4-hydroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine were performed in the kidney. RNA expressions of renin–angiotensin system components were also measured in renal and aortic tissues. Cyclosporine decreased the endothelium-dependent relaxation and increased vascular contraction in the aorta. It caused renal tubular degeneration and increased immunostaining for 4-hydroxynonenal, an oxidative stress marker. Cyclosporine also caused upregulations of the vasoconstrictive renin–angiotensin system components in renal (angiotensin-converting enzyme) and aortic (angiotensin II type 1 receptor) tissues. Resveratrol co-treatment prevented the cyclosporine-related deteriorations. Moreover, it induced the expressions of vasodilatory effective angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin II type 2 receptor in aorta and kidney, respectively. We conclude that resveratrol may be effective in preventing cyclosporine-induced renal tubular degeneration and vascular dysfunction at least in part by modulating the renin–angiotensin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seldag Bekpinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Karaca
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Yamakoğlu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Vakur Olgac
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Suleyman Gultepe
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mujdat Uysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abd El-Rahman SS, Fayed HM. Targeting AngII/AT1R signaling pathway by perindopril inhibits ongoing liver fibrosis in rat. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:2131-2141. [PMID: 31348596 DOI: 10.1002/term.2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a substantial role in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. Hence, targeting RAS through angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can mend hepatic fibrosis; the current study was designed to examine the potential fibrosis inhibition activity of perindopril using a rat model of liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Four groups of rats were used throughout this study, Group I (control group); rats received the vehicle. TAA was used for inducing liver fibrosis in rats by intraperitoneal injection of 200-mg/kg body weight twice a week for 6 weeks. Group II served as (TAA group). Rats of Groups III and IV were given perindopril at doses of 2 and 8 mg/kg 2 weeks after TAA administration and continued concomitantly with TAA till the end of the experiment. Injection of TAA resulted in a significant increase in aminotransferases' activities and bilirubin with a significant decrease in serum albumin and total protein and a significant decrease in hepatic content of GSH and SOD. Additionally, TAA injection raised the hepatic content of TGF-β1, α-SMA, TNF-α, and level of MDA. Histological and immunohistochemical data presented marked fibrosis in liver sections of TAA-administrated rats with increased collagen deposition, elevated METAVIR scoring, and increased expression of α-SMA, caspase-3, and AT1R. Oral dosing of perindopril for 4 weeks concomitant with TAA could mend the altered parameters near to normal values and abolished the ongoing fibrosis extension. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that perindopril, as ACE inhibitor, could grant a superior remedial nominee in preventing liver fibrosis progression through targeting angiotensin II formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hany M Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Hafez HM, Ibrahim MA, Zedan MZ, Hassan M, Hassanein H. Nephroprotective effect of cilostazol and verapamil against thioacetamide-induced toxicity in rats may involve Nrf2/HO-1/NQO-1 signaling pathway. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 29:146-152. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1528648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mervat Z. Zedan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Marwa Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Hassanein
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Martikos G, Kapelouzou A, Peroulis M, Paspala A, Athanasiadis D, Machairas A, Liakakos T, Moulakakis K, Vasdekis S, Lazaris AM. Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Decreases the Magnitude of Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury on a Swine Model of Supraceliac Aortic Cross-Clamping. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 48:241-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Myeloperoxidase, asymmetric dimethyl-arginine and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system in cardiovascular risk patients: Cross-sectional findings from the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study. Clin Biochem 2017; 50:739-745. [PMID: 28322753 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The leukocyte-derived myeloperoxidase (MPO), the nitric oxidase synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetrical dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) are associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to investigate potential interactions between the RAAS, ADMA and MPO in cardiovascular risk patients. DESIGN AND METHODS All in all, 1446 patients, who were referred to coronary angiography, were included in this prospective study. MPO, ADMA and circulating serum markers of the RAAS system were measured. Additionally, all-cause and CVD mortality, cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory and endothelial markers, and medication use were investigated. RESULTS MPO concentrations were significantly associated with ADMA (P=0.002), renin (P=0.001) and angiotensin II levels (P=0.015), whereas ADMA was in tendency associated with renin (P=0.059) and significantly with angiotensin II (P=0.001). Both, ADMA and MPO were inversely correlated with angiotensinogen, angiotensin I and the angiotensin I/angiotensin II ratio. ADMA and angiotensin II were found stronger independent risk factors for all-cause and CVD mortality compared to MPO. CONCLUSIONS MPO concentrations were significantly associated with higher ADMA levels and an up-regulated circulating RAAS in patients with CVD. Moreover, serum levels of ADMA and angiotensin II were shown to be more predictive for all-cause and CVD mortality compared to MPO.
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Czarnecka A, Milewski K, Jaźwiec R, Zielińska M. Intracerebral Administration of S-Adenosylhomocysteine or S-Adenosylmethionine Attenuates the Increases in the Cortical Extracellular Levels of Dimethylarginines Without Affecting cGMP Level in Rats with Acute Liver Failure. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:99-108. [PMID: 27604291 PMCID: PMC5209417 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in brain nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP synthesis contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). An increased asymmetrically dimethylated derivative of L-arginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthases, was observed in plasma of HE patients and animal models. It is not clear whether changes in brain ADMA reflect its increased local synthesis therefore affecting NO/cGMP pathway, or are a consequence of its increased peripheral blood content. We measured extracellular concentration of ADMA and symmetrically dimethylated isoform (SDMA) in the prefrontal cortex of control and thioacetamide (TAA)-induced HE rats. A contribution of locally synthesized dimethylarginines (DMAs) in their extracellular level in the brain was studied after direct infusion of the inhibitor of DMAs synthesizing enzymes (PRMTs), S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy, 2 mM), or the methyl donor, S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet, 2 mM), via a microdialysis probe. Next, we analyzed whether locally synthesized ADMA attains physiological significance by determination of extracellular cGMP. The expression of PRMT-1 was also examined. Concentration of ADMA and SDMA, detected by positive mode electrospray LC-DMS-MS/MS, was greatly enhanced in TAA rats and was decreased (by 30 %) after AdoHcy and AdoMet infusion. TAA-induced increase (by 40 %) in cGMP was unaffected after AdoHcy administration. The expression of PRMT-1 in TAA rat brain was unaltered. The results suggest that (i) the TAA-induced increase in extracellular DMAs may result from their effective synthesis in the brain, and (ii) the excess of extracellular ADMA does not translate into changes in the extracellular cGMP concentration and implicate a minor role in brain NO/cGMP pathway control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Czarnecka
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Milewski
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Radosław Jaźwiec
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5A Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zielińska
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
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Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Hepatic Encephalopathy: Cause, Effect or Association? Neurochem Res 2016; 42:750-761. [PMID: 27885576 PMCID: PMC5357500 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The methylated derivative of l-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is synthesized in different mammalian tissues including the brain. ADMA acts as an endogenous, nonselective, competitive inhibitor of all three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and may limit l-arginine supply from the plasma to the enzyme via reducing its transport by cationic amino acid transporters. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a relatively frequently diagnosed complex neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with acute or chronic liver failure, characterized by symptoms linked with impaired brain function leading to neurological disabilities. The l-arginine—nitric oxide (NO) pathway is crucially involved in the pathomechanism of HE via modulating important cerebral processes that are thought to contribute to the major HE symptoms. Specifically, activation of this pathway in acute HE leads to an increase in NO production and free radical formation, thus, contributing to astrocytic swelling and cerebral edema. Moreover, the NO-cGMP pathway seems to be involved in cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation, altered in HE. For this reason, depressed NO-cGMP signaling accompanying chronic HE and ensuing cGMP deficit contributes to the cognitive and motor failure. However, it should be remembered that ADMA, a relatively little known element limiting NO synthesis in HE, may also influence the NO-cGMP pathway regulation. In this review, we will discuss the contribution of ADMA to the regulation of the NO-cGMP pathway in the brain, correlation of ADMA level with CBF and cognitive alterations observed during HE progression in patients and/or animal models of HE.
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