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Ni H, Mao W, Li H, Dong Y. Physiologic Osseous Remodeling of the Anterior Wall of the Spinal Canal after Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion: A Retrospective Observational Study. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2024; 85:464-471. [PMID: 35354216 DOI: 10.1055/a-1812-9834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) has been widely used in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), cervical trauma, and other cervical diseases, but few studies have reported the osseous and physiologic remodeling of the anterior wall of the spinal canal following ACCF. In this study, we analyze that remodeling process and its influence on titanium mesh cage (TMC) subsidence. METHODS We performed a clinical and radiologic analysis of consecutive patients treated with ACCF. Growth rates (GRs) reflecting the extent of remodeling of the remnants of the resected vertebral bodies were measured. We compared the computed tomography (CT) scans taken immediately and at least 1 year after surgery, and a literature review was conducted. RESULTS In all, 48 patients underwent ACCF at a mean age of 61.5 ± 12.0 years. The median follow-up was 36 months, and 159 CT images were analyzed. The GR values of the remnants of the vertebral bodies on CT images immediately and 1 year after surgery were 0.505 ± 0.077 and 0.650 ± 0.022 (p < 0.001), respectively, and the GR value at ≥4 years was 1. Axial CT scans showed that remodeling starts from the lateral remnants of the resected vertebral bodies, finally reaching the center. When fusion of the vertebral bodies and the titanium cage was complete during the first year after ACCF, osteogenesis and remodeling were initiated in the osseous anterior wall of the spinal canal. The remodeling of the osseous anterior wall of the spinal canal was completed at the fourth year after surgery, without recompressing the spinal cord, as seen on both axial and lateral CT scans. According to the literature review, there was no TMC subsidence at more than 4 years after surgery. CONCLUSION The anterior wall of the spinal canal undergoes osseous remodeling after ACCF. The process is complete in the fourth year after surgery and prevents TMC subsidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youhai Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Yang L, Chen H, Yang C, Hu Z, Jiang Z, Meng S, Liu R, Huang L, Yang K. Research progress on the regulatory mechanism of integrin-mediated mechanical stress in cells involved in bone metabolism. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18183. [PMID: 38506078 PMCID: PMC10951882 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stress is an internal force between various parts of an object that resists external factors and effects that cause an object to deform, and mechanical stress is essential for various tissues that are constantly subjected to mechanical loads to function normally. Integrins are a class of transmembrane heterodimeric glycoprotein receptors that are important target proteins for the action of mechanical stress stimuli on cells and can convert extracellular physical and mechanical signals into intracellular bioelectrical signals, thereby regulating osteogenesis and osteolysis. Integrins play a bidirectional regulatory role in bone metabolism. In this paper, relevant literature published in recent years is reviewed and summarized. The characteristics of integrins and mechanical stress are introduced, as well as the mechanisms underlying responses of integrin to mechanical stress stimulation. The paper focuses on integrin-mediated mechanical stress in different cells involved in bone metabolism and its associated signalling mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to provide a theoretical basis for the application of integrin-mediated mechanical stress to the field of bone tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Chanchan Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Zhengqi Hu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Zhiliang Jiang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Shengzi Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | | | - Lan Huang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
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Ambattu LA, Yeo LY. Sonomechanobiology: Vibrational stimulation of cells and its therapeutic implications. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:021301. [PMID: 38504927 PMCID: PMC10903386 DOI: 10.1063/5.0127122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
All cells possess an innate ability to respond to a range of mechanical stimuli through their complex internal machinery. This comprises various mechanosensory elements that detect these mechanical cues and diverse cytoskeletal structures that transmit the force to different parts of the cell, where they are transcribed into complex transcriptomic and signaling events that determine their response and fate. In contrast to static (or steady) mechanostimuli primarily involving constant-force loading such as compression, tension, and shear (or forces applied at very low oscillatory frequencies (≤ 1 Hz) that essentially render their effects quasi-static), dynamic mechanostimuli comprising more complex vibrational forms (e.g., time-dependent, i.e., periodic, forcing) at higher frequencies are less well understood in comparison. We review the mechanotransductive processes associated with such acoustic forcing, typically at ultrasonic frequencies (> 20 kHz), and discuss the various applications that arise from the cellular responses that are generated, particularly for regenerative therapeutics, such as exosome biogenesis, stem cell differentiation, and endothelial barrier modulation. Finally, we offer perspectives on the possible existence of a universal mechanism that is common across all forms of acoustically driven mechanostimuli that underscores the central role of the cell membrane as the key effector, and calcium as the dominant second messenger, in the mechanotransduction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizebona August Ambattu
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Leslie Y. Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia
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4
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Thompson W, Papoutsakis ET. The role of biomechanical stress in extracellular vesicle formation, composition and activity. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108158. [PMID: 37105240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cornerstones of intercellular communication with exciting fundamental, clinical, and more broadly biotechnological applications. However, variability in EV composition, which results from the culture conditions used to generate the EVs, poses significant fundamental and applied challenges and a hurdle for scalable bioprocessing. Thus, an understanding of the relationship between EV production (and for clinical applications, manufacturing) and EV composition is increasingly recognized as important and necessary. While chemical stimulation and culture conditions such as cell density are known to influence EV biology, the impact of biomechanical forces on the generation, properties, and biological activity of EVs remains poorly understood. Given the omnipresence of these forces in EV preparation and in biomanufacturing, expanding the understanding of their impact on EV composition-and thus, activity-is vital. Although several publications have examined EV preparation and bioprocessing and briefly discussed biomechanical stresses as variables of interest, this review represents the first comprehensive evaluation of the impact of such stresses on EV production, composition and biological activity. We review how EV biogenesis, cargo, efficacy, and uptake are uniquely affected by various types, magnitudes, and durations of biomechanical forces, identifying trends that emerge both generically and for individual cell types. We also describe implications for scalable bioprocessing, evaluating processes inherent in common EV production and isolation methods, and propose a path forward for rigorous EV quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Thompson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Eleftherios Terry Papoutsakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
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5
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Taheri S, Ghazali HS, Ghazali ZS, Bhattacharyya A, Noh I. Progress in biomechanical stimuli on the cell-encapsulated hydrogels for cartilage tissue regeneration. Biomater Res 2023; 27:22. [PMID: 36935512 PMCID: PMC10026525 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00358-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, many people suffer from knee injuries and articular cartilage damage every year, which causes pain and reduces productivity, life quality, and daily routines. Medication is currently primarily used to relieve symptoms and not to ameliorate cartilage degeneration. As the natural healing capacity of cartilage damage is limited due to a lack of vascularization, common surgical methods are used to repair cartilage tissue, but they cannot prevent massive damage followed by injury. MAIN BODY Functional tissue engineering has recently attracted attention for the repair of cartilage damage using a combination of cells, scaffolds (constructs), biochemical factors, and biomechanical stimuli. As cyclic biomechanical loading is the key factor in maintaining the chondrocyte phenotype, many studies have evaluated the effect of biomechanical stimulation on chondrogenesis. The characteristics of hydrogels, such as their mechanical properties, water content, and cell encapsulation, make them ideal for tissue-engineered scaffolds. Induced cell signaling (biochemical and biomechanical factors) and encapsulation of cells in hydrogels as a construct are discussed for biomechanical stimulation-based tissue regeneration, and several notable studies on the effect of biomechanical stimulation on encapsulated cells within hydrogels are discussed for cartilage regeneration. CONCLUSION Induction of biochemical and biomechanical signaling on the encapsulated cells in hydrogels are important factors for biomechanical stimulation-based cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Taheri
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanieh Sadat Ghazali
- Department of Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Ghazali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 158754413, Iran
| | - Amitava Bhattacharyya
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
- Functional, Innovative, and Smart Textiles, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, 641004, India
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Insup Noh
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Thiebes AL, Klein S, Zingsheim J, Möller GH, Gürzing S, Reddemann MA, Behbahani M, Jockenhoevel S, Cornelissen CG. Effervescent Atomizer as Novel Cell Spray Technology to Decrease the Gas-to-Liquid Ratio. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112421. [PMID: 36365239 PMCID: PMC9697195 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell spraying has become a feasible application method for cell therapy and tissue engineering approaches. Different devices have been used with varying success. Often, twin-fluid atomizers are used, which require a high gas velocity for optimal aerosolization characteristics. To decrease the amount and velocity of required air, a custom-made atomizer was designed based on the effervescent principle. Different designs were evaluated regarding spray characteristics and their influence on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. The arithmetic mean diameters of the droplets were 15.4−33.5 µm with decreasing diameters for increasing gas-to-liquid ratios. The survival rate was >90% of the control for the lowest gas-to-liquid ratio. For higher ratios, cell survival decreased to approximately 50%. Further experiments were performed with the design, which had shown the highest survival rates. After seven days, no significant differences in metabolic activity were observed. The apoptosis rates were not influenced by aerosolization, while high gas-to-liquid ratios caused increased necrosis levels. Tri-lineage differentiation potential into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts was not negatively influenced by aerosolization. Thus, the effervescent aerosolization principle was proven suitable for cell applications requiring reduced amounts of supplied air. This is the first time an effervescent atomizer was used for cell processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.L.T.); (S.J.); Tel.: +49-241-80-47472 (A.L.T.); +49-241-80-47478 (S.J.)
| | - Sarah Klein
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas Zingsheim
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Laboratory Biomaterial, University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Heinrich-Mußmann-Straße 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Georg H. Möller
- Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer (WSA), RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gürzing
- Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer (WSA), RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Manuel A. Reddemann
- Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer (WSA), RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mehdi Behbahani
- Laboratory Biomaterial, University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Heinrich-Mußmann-Straße 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.L.T.); (S.J.); Tel.: +49-241-80-47472 (A.L.T.); +49-241-80-47478 (S.J.)
| | - Christian G. Cornelissen
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME—Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pneumology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Clinic V, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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7
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Cho H, Park HJ, Choi JH, Nam MH, Jeong JS, Seo YK. Sound affects the neuronal maturation of neuroblastoma cells and the repair of damaged tissues. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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8
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Abstract
Cell manipulation in droplets has emerged as one of the great successes of microfluidic technologies, with the development of single-cell screening. However, the droplet format has also served to go beyond single-cell studies, namely by considering the interactions between different cells or between cells and their physical or chemical environment. These studies pose specific challenges linked to the need for long-term culture of adherent cells or the diverse types of measurements associated with complex biological phenomena. Here we review the emergence of droplet microfluidic methods for culturing cells and studying their interactions. We begin by characterizing the quantitative aspects that determine the ability to encapsulate cells, transport molecules, and provide sufficient nutrients within the droplets. This is followed by an evaluation of the biological constraints such as the control of the biochemical environment and promoting the anchorage of adherent cells. This first part ends with a description of measurement methods that have been developed. The second part of the manuscript focuses on applications of these technologies for cancer studies, immunology, and stem cells while paying special attention to the biological relevance of the cellular assays and providing guidelines on improving this relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Sart
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France.,Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Gustave Ronteix
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France.,Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Shreyansh Jain
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France.,Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Gabriel Amselem
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France.,Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Charles N Baroud
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France.,Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
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9
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Kaur D, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Badavath VN, Ul Hassan SS, Hasan MM, Bhatia S, Al-Harassi A, Khan H, Bungau S. Unravelling the potential neuroprotective facets of erythropoietin for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1-16. [PMID: 34436747 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the last three decades, recombinant DNA technology has produced a wide range of hematopoietic and neurotrophic growth factors, including erythropoietin (EPO), which has emerged as a promising protein drug in the treatment of several diseases. Cumulative studies have recently indicated the neuroprotective role of EPO in preclinical models of acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative illnesses in the elderly, characterized by the accumulation of extracellular amyloid-ß (Aß) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which serve as the disease's two hallmarks. Unfortunately, AD lacks a successful treatment strategy due to its multifaceted and complex pathology. Various clinical studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have been conducted to identify the various mechanisms by which erythropoietin exerts its neuroprotective effects. The results of clinical trials in patients with AD are also promising. Herein, it is summarized and reviews all such studies demonstrating erythropoietin's potential therapeutic benefits as a pleiotropic neuroprotective agent in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | | | - Syed Shams Ul Hassan
- School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Haryana, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harassi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Tian Y, Zheng H, Zheng G, Hu P, Li Y, Lin Y, Gao Q, Yao X, Gao R, Li C, Wu X, Sui L. Hierarchical microgroove/nanopore topography regulated cell adhesion to enhance osseointegration around intraosseous implants in vivo. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:560-580. [PMID: 34907409 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Implant surface topography plays a crucial role in achieving successful implantation. Simple and controllable surface topographical modifications are considered a promising method to accelerate bone osseointegration for biomedical applications. Moreover, comprehension of the mechanism between surface topography and cell osteogenic differentiation is vital for the manipulation of these processes to promote bone tissue regeneration. In this study, we investigated the effects of implant surfaces with various sized hierarchical microgroove/nanopore topographies on cell adhesion, osteogenesis, and their underlying mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings reveal that a titanium surface with an appropriately sized microgroove/nanopore topography (SLM-1MAH) exhibits the more satisfactory adhesive and osteogenic efficiency than the clinically used sand-blasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (SLA) surface. The underlying molecular mechanism lies in the activation of the integrin α2-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, where the SLM-1MAH surface increased the protein expressions of integrin α2 (Itga2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase Akt (p-Akt) to enhance osteogenesis and osseointegration. Furthermore, the SLM-1MAH surface also displays better osseointegration efficiency with stronger bonding strength than that on the SLA surface. This work provides a novel strategy for implant surface topography design to improve bone-implant osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Guoying Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Penghui Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Yao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Rui Gao
- International Education College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Changyi Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Lei Sui
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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11
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Luo L, Wu Z, Wang Y, Li H. Regulating the production and biological function of small extracellular vesicles: current strategies, applications and prospects. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:422. [PMID: 34906146 PMCID: PMC8670141 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have confirmed the great application potentials of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in biological medical field, especially in tissue repair and regeneration. However, the production capability of sEVs by noncancerous cells is very limited, while their dosage requirements in disease treatments are usually very high. Meanwhile, as cell aging, the sEV production capability of cells decreases and the biological function of sEVs changes accordingly. In addition, for special applications, sEVs carrying desired bioactive substances should be designed to perform their expected biological function. Therefore, improving the production of sEVs and precisely regulating their biological function are of great significance for promoting the clinical applications of sEVs. In this review, some of the current classic strategies in affecting the cellular behaviors of donor cells and subsequently regulating the production and biological function of their sEVs are summarized, including gene engineering methods, stress-inducing conditions, chemical regulators, physical methods, and biomaterial stimulations. Through applying these strategies, increased yield of sEVs with required biological function can be obtained for disease treatment and tissue repair, such as bone regeneration, wound healing, nerve function recovery and cancer treatment, which could not only reduce the harvest cost of sEV but promote the practical applications of sEVs in clinic. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhi Wu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.
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12
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Lin S, Li J, Shao J, Zhang J, He X, Huang D, Dong L, Lin J, Weng W, Cheng K. Anisotropic magneto-mechanical stimulation on collagen coatings to accelerate osteogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 210:112227. [PMID: 34838419 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical stimulation has been considered to be critical to cellular response and tissue regeneration. However, harnessing the direction of mechanical stimulation during osteogenesis still remains a challenge. In this study, we designed a series of novel magnetized collagen coatings (MCCs) (randomly or parallel-oriented collagen fibers) to exert the anisotropic mechanical stimulation using oriented magnetic actuation during osteogenesis. Strikingly, we found the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were significantly up-regulated when the direction of magnetic actuation was parallel to the randomly-oriented collagen coating surface, in contrast to the down-regulated capacity under the perpendicular magnetic actuation. Moreover, further exerting a parallel mechanical stimulation along the parallel-oriented collagen coating, which cells have been oriented by the oriented collagens, were not only able to up-regulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs but also promote the new bone formation during osteogenesis in vivo. We also demonstrated the anisotropic magneto-mechanical stimulation for the osteogenic differences might be attributed to the stretching or bending tensile status of collagen fibers controlled by the direction of magnetic actuation, driving the α5β1-dependent integrin signaling cascade. This study therefore got insight of understanding the directional mechanical stimulation on osteogenesis, and also paved a way for sustaining regulation of the biomaterials-host interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suya Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Juan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xuzhao He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Donghua Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lingqing Dong
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jun Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Wenjian Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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13
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Gao Q, Hou Y, Li Z, Hu J, Huo D, Zheng H, Zhang J, Yao X, Gao R, Wu X, Sui L. mTORC2 regulates hierarchical micro/nano topography-induced osteogenic differentiation via promoting cell adhesion and cytoskeletal polymerization. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6695-6708. [PMID: 34114337 PMCID: PMC8278073 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface topography acts as an irreplaceable role in the long‐term success of intraosseous implants. In this study, we prepared the hierarchical micro/nano topography using selective laser melting combined with alkali heat treatment (SLM‐AHT) and explored the underlying mechanism of SLM‐AHT surface‐elicited osteogenesis. Our results show that cells cultured on SLM‐AHT surface possess the largest number of mature FAs and exhibit a cytoskeleton reorganization compared with control groups. SLM‐AHT surface could also significantly upregulate the expression of the cell adhesion‐related molecule p‐FAK, the osteogenic differentiation‐related molecules RUNX2 and OCN as well as the mTORC2 signalling pathway key molecule Rictor. Notably, after the knocked‐down of Rictor, there were no longer significant differences in the gene expression levels of the cell adhesion‐related molecules and osteogenic differentiation‐related molecules among the three titanium surfaces, and the cells on SLM‐AHT surface failed to trigger cytoskeleton reorganization. In conclusion, the results suggest that mTORC2 can regulate the hierarchical micro/nano topography‐mediated osteogenesis via cell adhesion and cytoskeletal reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuying Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyang Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dawei Huo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junjiang Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Gao
- International Education College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Sui
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
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14
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Deguchi S, Kato A, Wu P, Hakamada M, Mabuchi M. Heterogeneous role of integrins in fibroblast response to small cyclic mechanical stimulus generated by a nanoporous gold actuator. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:418-430. [PMID: 33326880 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is important to understand the effects of mechanical stimulation on cell behaviors for homeostasis. Many studies have been performed on cell responses to mechanical stimuli, but the mechanosensing mechanism is still under debate. In the present study, experiments employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations concerning the effects of cyclic mechanical stimulus on cell proliferation were performed based on the hypothesis that mechanosensing depends on integrin types. We used a nanoporous gold (NPG) actuator to prevent transfer of a mechanical stimulus via molecules other than integrins. Surprisingly, a small cyclic strain of only 0.5% enhanced the proliferation of fibroblasts. α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins showed high sensitivity to the mechanical stimulus, whereas α1β1 and α2β1 integrins exhibited low mechanosensitivity. The MD simulations showed that different conformational changes of the integrin headpiece induced by binding to the ECM led to a difference in mechanosensitivity between αI and αI-less integrin types. Thus, the present study provides evidence to support the hypothesis and suggests the mechanism for the heterogeneous roles of integrins in mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Deguchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Peizheng Wu
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masataka Hakamada
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mamoru Mabuchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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15
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Yan L, Liu G, Wu X. Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19. J Orthop Translat 2020; 26:111-120. [PMID: 33437630 PMCID: PMC7773952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exosomes derived from stem cells have been demonstrated to be good candidates for the treatment of osteochondral injury. Our previous studies have demonstrated that mechanical stimulation could be crucial for the secretion of exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (U-MSCs). Therefore, we explore whether mechanical stimulation caused by a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) has a beneficial effect on exosome yield and biological function. Methods U-MSCs were subjected to an RCCS at different rotational speeds and exosomes were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. small-interfering RNAs of Rab27a (siRNA-Rab27a) was used to reduce exosome production. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of mechanically sensitive long non-coding RNA H19 (LncRNA H19). The effects of exosomes on chondrocyte proliferation were examined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), toluidine blue staining and a series of related genes. Annexin V-FITC and PI (V-FITC/PI) flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of exosomes on the inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis. Macroscopic evaluation, MRI quantification and immunohistochemical staining were conducted to investigate the in vivo effects of exosomal LncRNA H19 through SD rat cartilage defect models. Results RCCS significantly promoted exosome production at 36 rpm/min within 196 h. Mechanical stimulation was able to increase the expression level of exosomes. The exosomal LncRNA H19 was found to promote chondrocyte proliferation and matrix synthesis and inhibit apoptosis in vitro. Chondral regeneration activity was lost in LncRNA H19-defective exosomes. The injection of exosomal LncRNA H19 in vivo resulted in improved macroscopic assessment, MRI quantification and histological analysis. Moreover, exosomal LncRNA H19 was able to relieve pain levels during the early stages of cartilage repair in an animal experiment. Conclusion Our findings confirmed that mechanical stimulation can enhance exosome yield as well as biological function for the repair of cartilage defects. The underlying mechanism may be related to the high expression of LncRNA H19 in exosomes. The translational potential of this article: This study provides a theoretical support of optimizing exosome production. It advances the yield of mesenchymal stem cell exosome and facilitate the clinical application to repair of osteochondral damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Gejun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
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16
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Xu B, Ye J, Yuan FZ, Zhang JY, Chen YR, Fan BS, Jiang D, Jiang WB, Wang X, Yu JK. Advances of Stem Cell-Laden Hydrogels With Biomimetic Microenvironment for Osteochondral Repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:247. [PMID: 32296692 PMCID: PMC7136426 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral damage from trauma or osteoarthritis is a general joint disease that can lead to an increased social and economic burden in the modern society. The inefficiency of osteochondral defects is mainly due to the absence of suitable tissue-engineered substrates promoting tissue regeneration and replacing damaged areas. The hydrogels are becoming a promising kind of biomaterials for tissue regeneration. The biomimetic hydrogel microenvironment can be tightly controlled by modulating a number of biophysical and biochemical properties, including matrix mechanics, degradation, microstructure, cell adhesion, and intercellular interactions. In particular, advances in stem cell-laden hydrogels have offered new ideas for the cell therapy and osteochondral repair. Herein, the aim of this review is to underpin the importance of stem cell-laden hydrogels on promoting the development of osteochondral regeneration, especially in the field of manipulation of biomimetic microenvironment and utilization growth factors with various delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Xu
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Zhen Yuan
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Ying Zhang
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - You-Rong Chen
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Shi Fan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Bo Jiang
- Clinical Translational R&D Center of 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Kuo Yu
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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17
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Fang B, Liu Y, Zheng D, Shan S, Wang C, Gao Y, Wang J, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Li Q. The effects of mechanical stretch on the biological characteristics of human adipose-derived stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4244-4255. [PMID: 31020802 PMCID: PMC6533502 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a subset of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have promised a vast therapeutic potential in tissue regeneration. Recent studies have demonstrated that combining stem cells with mechanical stretch may strengthen the efficacy of regenerative therapies. However, the exact influences of mechanical stretch on MSCs still remain inconclusive. In this study, human ADSCs (hADSCs) were applied cyclic stretch stimulation under an in vitro stretching model for designated duration. We found that mechanical stretch significantly promoted the proliferation, adhesion and migration of hADSCs, suppressing cellular apoptosis and increasing the production of pro‐healing cytokines. For differentiation of hADSCs, mechanical stretch inhibited adipogenesis, but enhanced osteogenesis. Long‐term stretch could promote ageing of hADSCs, but did not alter the cell size and typical immunophenotypic characteristics. Furthermore, we revealed that PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways might participate in the effects of mechanical stretch on the biological characteristics of hADSCs. Taken together, mechanical stretch is an effective strategy for enhancing stem cell behaviour and regulating stem cell fate. The synergy between hADSCs and mechanical stretch would most likely facilitate tissue regeneration and promote the development of stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danning Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengzhou Shan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuandong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Uniaxial Cyclic Tensile Stretching at 8% Strain Exclusively Promotes Tenogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9723025. [PMID: 30918524 PMCID: PMC6409073 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9723025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to establish the amount of mechanical strain (uniaxial cyclic stretching) required to provide optimal tenogenic differentiation expression in human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in vitro, in view of its potential application for tendon maintenance and regeneration. Methods. In the present study, hMSCs were subjected to 1 Hz uniaxial cyclic stretching for 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours; and were compared to unstretched cells. Changes in cell morphology were observed under light and atomic force microscopy. The tenogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation potential of hMSCs were evaluated using biochemical assays, extracellular matrix expressions, and selected mesenchyme gene expression markers; and were compared to primary tenocytes. Results. Cells subjected to loading displayed cytoskeletal coarsening, longer actin stress fiber, and higher cell stiffness as early as 6 hours. At 8% and 12% strains, an increase in collagen I, collagen III, fibronectin, and N-cadherin production was observed. Tenogenic gene expressions were highly expressed (p < 0.05) at 8% (highest) and 12%, both comparable to tenocytes. In contrast, the osteoblastic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic marker genes appeared to be downregulated. Conclusion. Our study suggests that mechanical loading at 8% strain and 1 Hz provides exclusive tenogenic differentiation; and produced comparable protein and gene expression to primary tenocytes.
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19
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Kamguyan K, Katbab AA, Mahmoudi M, Thormann E, Zajforoushan Moghaddam S, Moradi L, Bonakdar S. An engineered cell-imprinted substrate directs osteogenic differentiation in stem cells. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:189-199. [PMID: 29189838 DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00733g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A cell-imprinted poly(dimethylsiloxane)/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite substrate was fabricated to engage topographical, mechanical, and chemical signals to stimulate and boost stem cell osteogenic differentiation. The physicochemical properties of the fabricated substrates, with nanoscale resolution of osteoblast morphology, were probed using a wide range of techniques including scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and water contact angle measurements. The osteogenic differentiation capacity of the cultured stem cells on these substrates was probed by alizarin red staining, ALP activity, osteocalcin measurements, and gene expression analysis. The outcomes revealed that the concurrent roles of the surface patterns and viscoelastic properties of the substrate provide the capability of directing stem cell differentiation toward osteogenic phenotypes. Besides the physical and mechanical effects, we found that the chemical signaling of osteoinductive hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, embedded in the nanocomposite substrates, could further improve and optimize stem cell osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khorshid Kamguyan
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Colour Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 1599637111, Iran.
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20
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Bracey DN, Seyler TM, Jinnah AH, Lively MO, Willey JS, Smith TL, Van Dyke ME, Whitlock PW. A Decellularized Porcine Xenograft-Derived Bone Scaffold for Clinical Use as a Bone Graft Substitute: A Critical Evaluation of Processing and Structure. J Funct Biomater 2018; 9:jfb9030045. [PMID: 30002336 PMCID: PMC6164666 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone grafts are used in approximately one half of all musculoskeletal surgeries. Autograft bone is the historic gold standard but is limited in supply and its harvest imparts significant morbidity to the patient. Alternative sources of bone graft include allografts, synthetics and, less commonly, xenografts which are taken from animal species. Xenografts are available in unlimited supply from healthy animal donors with controlled biology, avoiding the risk of human disease transmission, and may satisfy current demand for bone graft products. METHODS In the current study, cancellous bone was harvested from porcine femurs and subjected to a novel decellularization protocol to derive a bone scaffold. RESULTS The scaffold was devoid of donor cellular material on histology and DNA sampling (p < 0.01). Microarchitectural properties important for osteoconductive potential were preserved after decellularization as shown by high resolution imaging modalities. Proteomics data demonstrated similar profiles when comparing the porcine bone scaffold against commercially available human demineralized bone matrix approved for clinical use. CONCLUSION We are unaware of any porcine-derived bone graft products currently used in orthopaedic surgery practice. Results from the current study suggest that porcine-derived bone scaffolds warrant further consideration to serve as a potential bone graft substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Bracey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Thorsten M Seyler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Alexander H Jinnah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Mark O Lively
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Jeffrey S Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Thomas L Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Mark E Van Dyke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Patrick W Whitlock
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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21
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Li L, Chen X, He Y, Dong Y. Biological and Mechanical Factors Promote the Osteogenesis of Rabbit Artificial Vertebral Laminae: A Comparison Study. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1082-1090. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Linli Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang, China
| | - Xujun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang, China
| | - Yiqun He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang, China
| | - Youhai Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang, China
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22
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Maiese K. Moving to the Rhythm with Clock (Circadian) Genes, Autophagy, mTOR, and SIRT1 in Degenerative Disease and Cancer. Curr Neurovasc Res 2018; 14:299-304. [PMID: 28721811 DOI: 10.2174/1567202614666170718092010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian circadian clock and its associated clock genes are increasingly been recognized as critical components for a number of physiological and disease processes that extend beyond hormone release, thermal regulation, and sleep-wake cycles. New evidence suggests that clinical behavior disruptions that involve prolonged shift work and even space travel may negatively impact circadian rhythm and lead to multi-system disease. METHODS In light of the significant role circadian rhythm can hold over the body's normal physiology as well as disease processes, we examined and discussed the impact circadian rhythm and clock genes hold over lifespan, neurodegenerative disorders, and tumorigenesis. RESULTS In experimental models, lifespan is significantly reduced with the introduction of arrhythmic mutants and leads to an increase in oxidative stress exposure. Interestingly, patients with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease may suffer disease onset or progression as a result of alterations in the DNA methylation of clock genes as well as prolonged pharmacological treatment for these disorders that may lead to impairment of circadian rhythm function. Tumorigenesis also can occur with the loss of a maintained circadian rhythm and lead to an increased risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, breast cancer, and metastatic colorectal cancer. Interestingly, the circadian clock system relies upon the regulation of the critical pathways of autophagy, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) as well as proliferative mechanisms that involve the wingless pathway of Wnt/β-catenin pathway to foster cell survival during injury and block tumor cell growth. CONCLUSION Future targeting of the pathways of autophagy, mTOR, SIRT1, and Wnt that control mammalian circadian rhythm may hold the key for the development of novel and effective therapies against aging- related disorders, neurodegenerative disease, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, NY. United States
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23
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Jiang YC, Jiao HL, Lee MS, Wang T, Turng LS, Li Q, Li WJ. Endogenous biological factors modulated by substrate stiffness regulate endothelial differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1595-1603. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Jiang
- National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
| | - Hong-Li Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
| | - Ming-Song Lee
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
| | - To Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
| | - Lih-Sheng Turng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
| | - Qian Li
- National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Wan-Ju Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53705
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Brown S, Matta A, Erwin M, Roberts S, Gruber HE, Hanley EN, Little CB, Melrose J. Cell Clusters Are Indicative of Stem Cell Activity in the Degenerate Intervertebral Disc: Can Their Properties Be Manipulated to Improve Intrinsic Repair of the Disc? Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:147-165. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Brown
- Spinal Studies and ISTM (Keele University), Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - Ajay Matta
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark Erwin
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sally Roberts
- Spinal Studies and ISTM (Keele University), Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E. Gruber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Edward N. Hanley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Christopher B. Little
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern, The University of Sydney. Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern, The University of Sydney. Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Unravelling the effects of mechanical physiological conditioning on cardiac adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells in vitro and in silico. Sci Rep 2018; 8:499. [PMID: 29323152 PMCID: PMC5764962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical conditioning is incompletely characterized for stimulating therapeutic cells within the physiological range. We sought to unravel the mechanism of action underlying mechanical conditioning of adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells (ATDPCs), both in vitro and in silico. Cardiac ATDPCs, grown on 3 different patterned surfaces, were mechanically stretched for 7 days at 1 Hz. A custom-designed, magnet-based, mechanical stimulator device was developed to apply ~10% mechanical stretching to monolayer cell cultures. Gene and protein analyses were performed for each cell type and condition. Cell supernatants were also collected to analyze secreted proteins and construct an artificial neural network. Gene and protein modulations were different for each surface pattern. After mechanostimulation, cardiac ATDPCs increased the expression of structural genes and there was a rising trend on cardiac transcription factors. Finally, secretome analyses revealed upregulation of proteins associated with both myocardial infarction and cardiac regeneration, such as regulators of the immune response, angiogenesis or cell adhesion. To conclude, mechanical conditioning of cardiac ATDPCs enhanced the expression of early and late cardiac genes in vitro. Additionally, in silico analyses of secreted proteins showed that mechanical stimulation of cardiac ATDPCs was highly associated with myocardial infarction and repair.
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Rashedi I, Talele N, Wang XH, Hinz B, Radisic M, Keating A. Collagen scaffold enhances the regenerative properties of mesenchymal stromal cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187348. [PMID: 29088264 PMCID: PMC5663483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MSCs are widely applied to regenerate heart tissue in myocardial diseases but when grown in standard two-dimensional (2D) cultures exhibit limited potential for cardiac repair and develop fibrogenic features with increasing culture time. MSCs can undergo partial cardiomyogenic differentiation, which improves their cardiac repair capacity. When applied to collagen patches they may improve cardiac tissue regeneration but the mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we investigated the regenerative properties of MSCs grown in a collagen scaffold as a three-dimensional (3D) culture system, and performed functional analysis using an engineered heart tissue (EHT) model. We showed that the expression of cardiomyocyte-specific proteins by MSCs co-cultured with rat neonatal cardiomyocytes was increased in collagen patches versus conventional cultures. MSCs in 3D collagen patches were less fibrogenic, secreted more cardiotrophic factors, retained anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory function, and responded less to TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. EHT analysis showed no effects by MSCs on cardiomyocyte function, whereas control dermal fibroblasts abrogated the beating of cardiac tissue constructs. We conclude that 3D collagen scaffold improves the cardioprotective effects of MSCs by enhancing the production of trophic factors and modifying their immune modulatory and fibrogenic phenotype. The improvement in myocardial function by MSCs after acquisition of a partial cardiac cell-like phenotype is not due to enhanced MSC contractility. A better understanding of the mechanisms of MSC-mediated tissue repair will help to further enhance the therapeutic potency of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iran Rashedi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Cell Therapy Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nilesh Talele
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xing-Hua Wang
- Cell Therapy Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Arthritis Program, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Armand Keating
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Cell Therapy Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Arthritis Program, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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Van Dijk EM, Culha S, Menzen MH, Bidan CM, Gosens R. Elastase-Induced Parenchymal Disruption and Airway Hyper Responsiveness in Mouse Precision Cut Lung Slices: Toward an Ex vivo COPD Model. Front Physiol 2017; 7:657. [PMID: 28101062 PMCID: PMC5209351 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: COPD is a progressive lung disease characterized by emphysema and enhanced bronchoconstriction. Current treatments focused on bronchodilation can delay disease progression to some extent, but recovery or normalization of loss of lung function is impossible. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets are needed. The importance of the parenchyma in airway narrowing is increasingly recognized. In COPD, the parenchyma and extracellular matrix are altered, possibly affecting airway mechanics and enhancing bronchoconstriction. Our aim was to set up a comprehensive ex vivo Precision Cut Lung Slice (PCLS) model with a pathophysiology resembling that of COPD and integrate multiple readouts in order to study the relationship between parenchyma, airway functionality, and lung repair processes. Methods: Lungs of C57Bl/6J mice were sliced and treated ex vivo with elastase (2.5 μg/ml) or H2O2 (200 μM) for 16 h. Following treatment, parenchymal structure, airway narrowing, and gene expression levels of alveolar Type I and II cell repair were assessed. Results: Following elastase, but not H2O2 treatment, slices showed a significant increase in mean linear intercept (Lmi), reflective of emphysema. Only elastase-treated slices showed disorganization of elastin and collagen fibers. In addition, elastase treatment lowered both alveolar Type I and II marker expression, whereas H2O2 stimulation lowered alveolar Type I marker expression only. Furthermore, elastase-treated slices showed enhanced methacholine-induced airway narrowing as reflected by increased pEC50 (5.87 at basal vs. 6.50 after elastase treatment) and Emax values (47.96 vs. 67.30%), and impaired chloroquine-induced airway opening. The increase in pEC50 correlated with an increase in mean Lmi. Conclusion: Using this model, we show that structural disruption of elastin fibers leads to impaired alveolar repair, disruption of the parenchymal compartment, and altered airway biomechanics, enhancing airway contraction. This finding may have implications for COPD, as the amount of elastin fiber and parenchymal tissue disruption is associated with disease severity. Therefore, we suggest that PCLS can be used to model certain aspects of COPD pathophysiology and that the parenchymal tissue damage observed in COPD contributes to lung function decline by disrupting airway biomechanics. Targeting the parenchymal compartment may therefore be a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline M Van Dijk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Sule Culha
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Mark H Menzen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Cécile M Bidan
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LIPhy Grenoble, France
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
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Local calcium signalling is mediated by mechanosensitive ion channels in mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:563-568. [PMID: 27856251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are implicated in key physiological processes in stem cells, including proliferation, differentiation and lineage switching. To date, there is an evident lack of understanding of how external mechanical cues are coupled with calcium signalling in stem cells. Mechanical reactions are of particular interest in adult mesenchymal stem cells because of their promising potential for use in tissue remodelling and clinical therapy. Here, single channel patch-clamp technique was employed to search for cation channels involved in mechanosensitivity in mesenchymal endometrial-derived stem cells (hMESCs). Functional expression of native mechanosensitive stretch-activated channels (SACs) and calcium-sensitive potassium channels of different conductances in hMESCs was shown. Single current analysis of stretch-induced channel activity revealed functional coupling of SACs and BK channels in plasma membrane. The combination of cell-attached and inside-out experiments have indicated that highly localized Ca2+ entry via SACs triggers BK channel activity. At the same time, SK channels are not coupled with SACs despite of high calcium sensitivity as compared to BK. Our data demonstrate novel mechanism controlling BK channel activity in native cells. We conclude that SACs and BK channels are clusterized in functional mechanosensitive domains in the plasma membrane of hMESCs. Co-clustering of ion channels may significantly contribute to mechano-dependent calcium signalling in stem cells.
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Xu L, Zhao Y, Wang M, Song W, Li B, Liu W, Jin X, Zhang H. Defocused low-energy shock wave activates adipose tissue-derived stem cells in vitro via multiple signaling pathways. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:1503-1514. [PMID: 27727017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS We found defocused low-energy shock wave (DLSW) could be applied in regenerative medicine by activating mesenchymal stromal cells. However, the possible signaling pathways that participated in this process remain unknown. In the present study, DLSW was applied in cultured rat adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to explore its effect on ADSCs and the activated signaling pathways. METHODS After treating with DLSW, the cellular morphology and cytoskeleton of ADSCs were observed. The secretions of ADSCs were detected. The expressions of ADSC surface antigens were analyzed using flow cytometry. The expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki67 were analyzed using western blot. The expression of CXCR2 and the migrations of ADSCs in vitro and in vivo were detected. The phosphorylation of selected signaling pathways with or without inhibitors was also detected. RESULTS DLSW did not change the morphology and phenotype of ADSCs, and could promote the secretion, proliferation and migration of ADSCs. The phosphorylation levels were significantly higher in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K)/AKT pathway and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway but not in Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. Furthermore, ADSCs were not activated by DLSW after adding the inhibitors of these pathways simultaneously. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated for the first time that DLSW could activate ADSCs through MAPK, PI-3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways. Combination of DLSW and agonists targeting these pathways might improve the efficacy of ADSCs in regenerative medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Muwen Wang
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Song
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Li
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Xunbo Jin
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Minimally Invasive Urology Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Abstract
Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs of approximately 100 nucleotides in length with thousands of members in mammalian cells. The presence of circRNAs is believed to be even greater than that of messenger RNAs. Identification of circRNAs occurred approximately 37 years ago with the subsequent demonstration that covalent bonds are necessary for the unique circular structure of these ribonucleic acids. However, present understanding of the complex biological role of circRNAs remains limited and requires further elucidation. CircRNAs may impact aging, multiple disorders, function as biomarkers, and are able to regulate gene expression by acting as effective microRNA (miRNA) sponges. New work suggests that circRNAs are vital for the modulation of cellular senescence and programmed cell death pathways such as apoptosis. These non-coding RNAs can control cell cycle progression, cellular proliferation, and cellular survival impacting disorders linked to aging, cardiovascular disease, and atherosclerosis through pathways that involve cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21), and mammalian forkhead transcription factors. In addition, circRNAs can oversee cellular metabolism and disorders such as diabetes mellitus through the regulation of insulin signaling as well as limit tumor progression through Wnt signaling and β-catenin pathways. Further understanding of the biology of circRNAs offers great promise for the targeting of novel strategies against a wide spectrum of disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA
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Abstract
Globally, greater than 30 million individuals are afflicted with disorders of the nervous system accompanied by tens of thousands of new cases annually with limited, if any, treatment options. Erythropoietin (EPO) offers an exciting and novel therapeutic strategy to address both acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. EPO governs a number of critical protective and regenerative mechanisms that can impact apoptotic and autophagic programmed cell death pathways through protein kinase B (Akt), sirtuins, mammalian forkhead transcription factors, and wingless signaling. Translation of the cytoprotective pathways of EPO into clinically effective treatments for some neurodegenerative disorders has been promising, but additional work is necessary. In particular, development of new treatments with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents such as EPO brings several important challenges that involve detrimental vascular outcomes and tumorigenesis. Future work that can effectively and safely harness the complexity of the signaling pathways of EPO will be vital for the fruitful treatment of disorders of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101
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Mechanisms of stem cell osteogenic differentiation on TiO 2 nanotubes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:779-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Maiese K. Stem cell guidance through the mechanistic target of rapamycin. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:999-1009. [PMID: 26328016 PMCID: PMC4550632 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i7.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells offer great promise for the treatment of multiple disorders throughout the body. Critical to this premise is the ability to govern stem cell pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), 289-kDa serine/threonine protein kinase, that is a vital component of mTOR Complex 1 and mTOR Complex 2 represents a critical pathway for the oversight of stem cell maintenance. mTOR can control the programmed cell death pathways of autophagy and apoptosis that can yield variable outcomes in stem cell survival and be reliant upon proliferative pathways that include Wnt signaling, Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), and trophic factors. mTOR also is a necessary component for the early development and establishment of stem cells as well as having a significant impact in the regulation of the maturation of specific cell phenotypes. Yet, as a proliferative agent, mTOR can not only foster cancer stem cell development and tumorigenesis, but also mediate cell senescence under certain conditions to limit invasive cancer growth. mTOR offers an exciting target for the oversight of stem cell therapies but requires careful consideration of the diverse clinical outcomes that can be fueled by mTOR signaling pathways.
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Abstract
Despite the increasing use of stem cells for regenerative-based cardiac therapy, the optimal stem cell population(s) remains in a cloud of uncertainty. In the past decade, the field has witnessed a surge of researchers discovering stem cell populations reported to directly and/or indirectly contribute to cardiac regeneration through processes of cardiomyogenic commitment and/or release of cardioprotective paracrine factors. This review centers upon defining basic biological characteristics of stem cells used for sustaining cardiac integrity during disease and maintenance of communication between the cardiac environment and stem cells. Given the limited successes achieved so far in regenerative therapy, the future requires development of unprecedented concepts involving combinatorial approaches to create and deliver the optimal stem cell(s) that will enhance myocardial healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl Quijada
- Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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35
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Controlled electromechanical cell stimulation on-a-chip. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11800. [PMID: 26135970 PMCID: PMC4488866 DOI: 10.1038/srep11800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell research has yielded promising advances in regenerative medicine, but standard assays generally lack the ability to combine different cell stimulations with rapid sample processing and precise fluid control. In this work, we describe the design and fabrication of a micro-scale cell stimulator capable of simultaneously providing mechanical, electrical, and biochemical stimulation, and subsequently extracting detailed morphological and gene-expression analysis on the cellular response. This micro-device offers the opportunity to overcome previous limitations and recreate critical elements of the in vivo microenvironment in order to investigate cellular responses to three different stimulations. The platform was validated in experiments using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. These experiments demonstrated the ability for inducing changes in cell morphology, cytoskeletal fiber orientation and changes in gene expression under physiological stimuli. This novel bioengineering approach can be readily applied to various studies, especially in the fields of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
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Maiese K. SIRT1 and stem cells: In the forefront with cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration and cancer. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:235-242. [PMID: 25815111 PMCID: PMC4369483 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i2.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, nervous system disorders, and cancer in association with other diseases such as diabetes mellitus result in greater than sixty percent of the global annual deaths. These noncommunicable diseases also affect at least one-third of the population in low and middle-income countries and lead to hypertension, elevated cholesterol, malignancy, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and stroke. With the climbing lifespan of the world’s population, increased prevalence of these disorders is expected requiring the development of new therapeutic strategies against these disabling disease entities. Targeting stem cell proliferation for cardiac disease, vascular disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders is receiving great enthusiasm, especially those that focus upon SIRT1, a mammalian homologue of the yeast silent information regulator-2. Modulation of the cellular activity of SIRT1 can involve oversight by nicotinamide/nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, mammalian forkhead transcription factors, mechanistic of rapamycin pathways, and cysteine-rich protein 61, connective tissue growth factor, and nephroblastoma over-expressed gene family members that can impact cytoprotective outcomes. Ultimately, the ability of SIRT1 to control the programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis and autophagy can determine not only cardiac, vascular, and neuronal stem cell development and longevity, but also the onset of tumorigenesis and the resistance against chemotherapy. SIRT1 therefore has a critical role and holds exciting prospects for new therapeutic strategies that can offer reparative processes for cardiac, vascular, and nervous system degenerative disorders as well as targeted control of aberrant cell growth during cancer.
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Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Plant Cell Walls. PLANTS 2015; 4:167-82. [PMID: 27135321 PMCID: PMC4844320 DOI: 10.3390/plants4020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The size, shape and stability of a plant depend on the flexibility and integrity of its cell walls, which, at the same time, need to allow cell expansion for growth, while maintaining mechanical stability. Biomechanical studies largely vanished from the focus of plant science with the rapid progress of genetics and molecular biology since the mid-twentieth century. However, the development of more sensitive measurement tools renewed the interest in plant biomechanics in recent years, not only to understand the fundamental concepts of growth and morphogenesis, but also with regard to economically important areas in agriculture, forestry and the paper industry. Recent advances have clearly demonstrated that mechanical forces play a crucial role in cell and organ morphogenesis, which ultimately define plant morphology. In this article, we will briefly review the available methods to determine the mechanical properties of cell walls, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) and microindentation assays, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. But we will focus on a novel methodological approach, called cellular force microscopy (CFM), and its automated successor, real-time CFM (RT-CFM).
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38
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Mashinchian O, Turner LA, Dalby MJ, Laurent S, Shokrgozar MA, Bonakdar S, Imani M, Mahmoudi M. Regulation of stem cell fate by nanomaterial substrates. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:829-47. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are increasingly studied because of their potential to underpin a range of novel therapies, including regenerative strategies, cell type-specific therapy and tissue repair, among others. Bionanomaterials can mimic the stem cell environment and modulate stem cell differentiation and proliferation. New advances in these fields are presented in this review. This work highlights the importance of topography and elasticity of the nano-/micro-environment, or niche, for the initiation and induction of stem cell differentiation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mashinchian
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14177–55469, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lesley-Anne Turner
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Joseph Black Building, Institute of Biomedical & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Joseph Black Building, Institute of Biomedical & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic & Biomedical Chemistry, NMR & Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau 19, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- CMMI – Center for Microscopy & Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, PO Box 13169–43551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Imani
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Department, Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), PO Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Nanotechnology & Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155–6451, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305–5101, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305–5101, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Arthritis and Rheumatism, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
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40
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Dan P, Velot É, Decot V, Menu P. The role of mechanical stimuli in the vascular differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2415-22. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.167783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are among the most promising and suitable stem cell types for vascular tissue engineering. Substantial effort has been made to differentiate MSCs towards vascular cell phenotypes, including endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The microenvironment of vascular cells not only contains biochemical factors that influence differentiation, but also exerts hemodynamic forces, such as shear stress and cyclic strain. Recent evidence has shown that these forces can influence the differentiation of MSCs into endothelial cells or SMCs. In this Commentary, we present the main findings in the area with the aim of summarizing the mechanisms by which shear stress and cyclic strain induce MSC differentiation. We will also discuss the interactions between these mechanical cues and other components of the microenvironment, and highlight how these insights could be used to maintain differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Dan
- UMR 7365 CNRS Université de Lorraine, Ingenierie Moleculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire, Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Vectorization, Imaging, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Avenue de la forêt de Haye, C.S. 50184, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex F-54505, France
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Émilie Velot
- UMR 7365 CNRS Université de Lorraine, Ingenierie Moleculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire, Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Vectorization, Imaging, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Avenue de la forêt de Haye, C.S. 50184, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex F-54505, France
| | - Véronique Decot
- UMR 7365 CNRS Université de Lorraine, Ingenierie Moleculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire, Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Vectorization, Imaging, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Avenue de la forêt de Haye, C.S. 50184, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex F-54505, France
- CHU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Tissus, allée du Morvan, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France
| | - Patrick Menu
- UMR 7365 CNRS Université de Lorraine, Ingenierie Moleculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire, Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Vectorization, Imaging, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Avenue de la forêt de Haye, C.S. 50184, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex F-54505, France
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41
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Potter CMF, Lao KH, Zeng L, Xu Q. Role of biomechanical forces in stem cell vascular lineage differentiation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2184-90. [PMID: 25012135 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces have long been known to play a role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis in the mature animal and in developmental regulation in the fetus. More recently, it has been shown that stem cells play a role in vascular repair and remodeling in response to biomechanical stress. Laminar shear stress can directly activate growth factor receptors on stem/progenitor cells, initiating signaling pathways leading toward endothelial cell differentiation. Cyclic strain can stimulate stem cell differentiation toward smooth muscle lineages through different mechanisms. In vivo, blood flow in the coronary artery is significantly altered after stenting, leading to changes in biomechanical forces on the vessel wall. This disruption may activate stem cell differentiation into a variety of cells and cause delayed re-endothelialization. Based on progress in the research field, the present review aims to explore the role of mechanical forces in stem cell differentiation both in vivo and in vitro and to examine what this means for the application of stem cells in the clinic, in tissue engineering, and for the management of aberrant stem cell contribution to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M F Potter
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ka Hou Lao
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lingfang Zeng
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qingbo Xu
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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42
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Guilak F, Butler DL, Goldstein SA, Baaijens FPT. Biomechanics and mechanobiology in functional tissue engineering. J Biomech 2014; 47:1933-40. [PMID: 24818797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering continues to expand and mature, and several products are now in clinical use, with numerous other preclinical and clinical studies underway. However, specific challenges still remain in the repair or regeneration of tissues that serve a predominantly biomechanical function. Furthermore, it is now clear that mechanobiological interactions between cells and scaffolds can critically influence cell behavior, even in tissues and organs that do not serve an overt biomechanical role. Over the past decade, the field of "functional tissue engineering" has grown as a subfield of tissue engineering to address the challenges and questions on the role of biomechanics and mechanobiology in tissue engineering. Originally posed as a set of principles and guidelines for engineering of load-bearing tissues, functional tissue engineering has grown to encompass several related areas that have proven to have important implications for tissue repair and regeneration. These topics include measurement and modeling of the in vivo biomechanical environment; quantitative analysis of the mechanical properties of native tissues, scaffolds, and repair tissues; development of rationale criteria for the design and assessment of engineered tissues; investigation of the effects biomechanical factors on native and repair tissues, in vivo and in vitro; and development and application of computational models of tissue growth and remodeling. Here we further expand this paradigm and provide examples of the numerous advances in the field over the past decade. Consideration of these principles in the design process will hopefully improve the safety, efficacy, and overall success of engineered tissue replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Guilak
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University Medical Center, 375 MSRB, Box 3093, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - David L Butler
- Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Steven A Goldstein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Frank P T Baaijens
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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