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Christova M, Sylwester V, Gallasch E, Fresnoza S. Reduced Cerebellar Brain Inhibition and Vibrotactile Perception in Response to Mechanical Hand Stimulation at Flutter Frequency. Cerebellum 2024; 23:67-81. [PMID: 36502502 PMCID: PMC10864223 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum is traditionally considered a movement control structure because of its established afferent and efferent anatomical and functional connections with the motor cortex. In the last decade, studies also proposed its involvement in perception, particularly somatosensory acquisition and prediction of the sensory consequences of movement. However, compared to its role in motor control, the cerebellum's specific role or modulatory influence on other brain areas involved in sensory perception, specifically the primary sensorimotor cortex, is less clear. In the present study, we explored whether peripherally applied vibrotactile stimuli at flutter frequency affect functional cerebello-cortical connections. In 17 healthy volunteers, changes in cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI) and vibration perception threshold (VPT) were measured before and after a 20-min right hand mechanical stimulation at 25 Hz. 5 Hz mechanical stimulation of the right foot served as an active control condition. Performance in a Grooved Pegboard test (GPT) was also measured to assess stimulation's impact on motor performance. Hand stimulation caused a reduction in CBI (13.16%) and increased VPT but had no specific effect on GPT performance, while foot stimulation had no significant effect on all measures. The result added evidence to the functional connections between the cerebellum and primary motor cortex, as shown by CBI reduction. Meanwhile, the parallel increase in VPT indirectly suggests that the cerebellum influences the processing of vibrotactile stimulus through motor-sensory interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Christova
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Physiology Section, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/D05, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Institute of Physiotherapy, University of Applied Sciences FH-Joanneum, Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Eugen Gallasch
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Physiology Section, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/D05, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Shane Fresnoza
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
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Li S, Wu H, Wang F, Kong L, Yu Y, Zuo R, Zhao H, Xu J, Kang Q. Enhanced Bone Regeneration through Regulation of Mechanoresponsive FAK-ERK1/2 Signaling by ZINC40099027 during Distraction Osteogenesis. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:137-150. [PMID: 38164350 PMCID: PMC10750334 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.88298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is activated by mechanical stimulation and plays a vital role in distraction osteogenesis (DO), a well-established but lengthy procedure for repairing large bone defects. Both angiogenesis and osteogenesis contribute to bone regeneration during DO. However, the effects of ZINC40099027 (ZN27), a potent FAK activator, on angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and bone regeneration in DO remain unknown. Methods: The angiogenic potential of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was evaluated using transwell migration and tube formation assays. The osteogenic activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was assessed using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red s (ARS) staining. Additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were used to assay angiogenic markers, osteogenic markers, and FAK-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling. In vivo, a rat tibia DO model was established to verify the effects of ZN27 on neovascularization and bone regeneration using radiological and histological analyses. Results: ZN27 promoted the migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Additionally, ZN27 facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, as revealed by increased ALP activity, calcium deposition, and expression of osteogenesis-specific markers. The ERK1/2-specific inhibitor PD98059 significantly hindered the effects of ZN27, suggesting the participation of FAK-ERK1/2 signaling in ZN27-enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis. As indicated by improved radiological and histological features, ZN27 induced active angiogenesis within the distraction area and accelerated bone regeneration in a rat DO model. Conclusion: Our results show that ZN27 targets FAK-ERK1/2 signaling to stimulate both angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and ZN27 accelerates bone regeneration in DO, suggesting the therapeutic potential of ZN27 for repairing large bone defects in the mechanobiological environment during DO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hongxiao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lingchi Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rongtai Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Haoyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qinglin Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
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Stigter H, Krap T, Gelderman T, Dijkhuizen L, Duijst W. Technical note: Practical application of post-mortem mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscle, a field study. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:55-60. [PMID: 35962850 PMCID: PMC10771997 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimation of the post-mortem interval (PMI) is a crucial aspect in crime scene investigation. PMI is defined as the time between the moment of death and the moment of finding the dead body. A combination of methods for estimating the PMI in forensic casework is internationally mostly used. Supravital muscle reaction (SMR) is one of those methods. SMR is an idiomuscular contraction and can be provoked by mechanical stimulation. OBJECTIVES A field study was carried out with the aim to investigate whether a reflex hammer can be used as tool for triggering an idiomuscular contraction and, furthermore, to determine if a learning period has to be taken into account by a forensic physician for appropriate application of a reflex hammer to trigger SMR. METHODS From January 2017 to January 2022, four forensic physicians used this SMR by mechanically stimulating the musculus brachioradialis and musculus biceps brachii. In total, 332 cases were included with a PMI less than 24 h. The cases were divided in chronological clusters of 20 cases. The ratio of the number of positive SMR versus the total number stimulations per forensic physician was used as a measure of accuracy of a reflex hammer for triggering SMR. The distribution of the data was analyzed by comparing the clusters in chronological order to assess whether a learning curve applies. RESULTS In 55.7%, a muscle reaction could be provoked by mechanical stimulation. Comparable outcome of SMR between the participating physicians was observed after 40 stimulations. CONCLUSION A reflex hammer is usable for provoking SMR. A learning period has to be taken in to account during the first forty cases per forensic physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Stigter
- Faculty of Law and Criminology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - T Krap
- Faculty of Law and Criminology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T Gelderman
- Faculty of Law and Criminology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L Dijkhuizen
- Faculty of Law and Criminology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wljm Duijst
- Faculty of Law and Criminology, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Ars Cogniscendi Foundation for Legal and Forensic Medicine, Wezep, The Netherlands
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Miller JM, Meki MM, El-Baz AS, Giridharan GA, Mohamed TMA. Culturing Cardiac Tissue Slices Under Continuous Physiological Mechanical Stretches. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2803:61-74. [PMID: 38676885 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3846-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Testing drugs in vivo and in vitro have been essential elements for the discovery of new therapeutics. Due to the recent advances in in vitro cell culture models, such as human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and 3D multicell type organoid culture methods, the detection of adverse cardiac events prior to human clinical trials has improved. However, there are still numerous therapeutics whose adverse cardiac effects are not detected until human trials due to the inability of these cell cultures to fully model the complex multicellular organization of an intact human myocardium. Cardiac tissue slices are a possible alternative solution. Myocardial slices are a 300-micron thin snapshot of the myocardium, capturing a section of the adult heart in a 1 × 1 cm section. Using a culture method that incorporates essential nutrients and electrical stimulation, tissue slices can be maintained in culture for 6 days with full viability and functionality. With the addition of mechanical stimulation and humoral cues, tissue slices can be cultured for 12 days. Here we provide detailed methods for how to culture cardiac tissue slices under continuous mechanical stimulation in the cardiac tissue culture model (CTCM) device. The CTCM incorporates four essential factors for maintaining tissue slices in culture for 12 days: mechanical stimulation, electrical stimulation, nutrients, and humoral cues. The CTCM can also be used to model disease conditions, such as overstretch-induced cardiac hypertrophy. The versatility of the CTCM illustrates its potential to be a medium-throughput screening platform for personalized drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Miller
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mostafa M Meki
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Ayman S El-Baz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Tamer M A Mohamed
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Surgery Department, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Xu N, Cui G, Zhao S, Li Y, Liu Q, Liu X, Zhao C, Feng R, Kuang M, Han S. Therapeutic Effects of Mechanical Stress-Induced C2C12-Derived Exosomes on Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis Through miR-92a-3p/PTEN/AKT Signaling Pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7583-7603. [PMID: 38106447 PMCID: PMC10725637 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s435301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a common bone disease in which the bone loses density and strength and is prone to fracture. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are important in bone-related diseases. Exosomes, as mediators of cell communication, have potential in cell processes. Previous studies have focused on muscle factors' regulation of bone remodeling, but research on exosomes is lacking. Methods In order to confirm the therapeutic effect of mechanically stimulated myocytes (C2C12) derived exosomes (Exosome-MS) on the Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP) compared with unmechanically stimulated myocytes (C2C12) derived exosomes (Exosomes), we established a dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis model in vivo and in vitro. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using CCK8 and EDU assays. Osteogenic potential was evaluated through Western blotting, real-time PCR, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, and alizarin red staining. Differential expression of miRNAs was determined by high-throughput sequencing. The regulatory mechanism of miR-92a-3p on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via the PTEN/AKT pathway was investigated using real-time PCR, luciferase reporter gene assay, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The therapeutic effects of exosomes were evaluated in vivo using microCT, HE staining, Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry. Results In this study, we found that exosomes derived from mechanical stress had a positive impact on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Importantly, we demonstrated that miR-92a-3p mimics could reverse dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in vitro and in vivo, indicating that mechanical stress-induced mouse myoblast-derived exosomes could promote osteogenesis and prevent the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis in mice through miR-92a-3p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Exosomes derived from mechanical stress-induced myoblasts can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through miR-92a-3p/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, and can have a therapeutic effect on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in mice in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanzheng Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengyin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pain, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuchang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongjie Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Kuang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijie Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China
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Reina-Mahecha A, Beers MJ, van der Veen HC, Zuhorn IS, van Kooten TG, Sharma PK. A Review of the Role of Bioreactors for iPSCs-Based Tissue-Engineered Articular Cartilage. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:1041-1052. [PMID: 37861960 PMCID: PMC10645985 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease without an ultimate treatment. In a search for novel approaches, tissue engineering (TE) has shown great potential to be an effective way for hyaline cartilage regeneration and repair in advanced stages of OA. Recently, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been appointed to be essential stem cells for degenerative disease treatment because they allow a personalized medicine approach. For clinical translation, bioreactors in combination with iPSCs-engineerd cartilage could match patients needs, serve as platform for large-scale patient specific cartilage production, and be a tool for patient OA modelling and drug screening. Furthermore, to minimize in vivo experiments and improve cell differentiation and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, TE combines existing approaches with bioreactors. METHODS This review summarizes the current understanding of bioreactors and the necessary parameters when they are intended for cartilage TE, focusing on the potential use of iPSCs. RESULTS Bioreactors intended for cartilage TE must resemble the joint cavity niche. However, recreating human synovial joints is not trivial because the interactions between various stimuli are not entirely understood. CONCLUSION The use of mechanical and electrical stimulation to differentiate iPSCs, and maintain and test chondrocytes are key stimuli influencing hyaline cartilage homeostasis. Incorporating these stimuli to bioreactors can positively impact cartilage TE approaches and their possibility for posterior translation into the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Reina-Mahecha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J Beers
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo C van der Veen
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G van Kooten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Prashant K Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Ghasemzadeh-Hasankolaei M, Pinto CA, Jesus D, Saraiva JA, Mano JF. Effect of high cyclic hydrostatic pressure on osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in liquefied micro-compartments. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100861. [PMID: 38058695 PMCID: PMC10696388 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone resident cells are constantly subjected to a range of distinct mechanical loadings, which generates a complex microenvironment. In particular, hydrostatic pressure (HP) has a key impact on modulation of cell function and fate determination. Although HP is a constant mechanical stimulus, its role in regulating the osteogenesis process within a defined 3D microenvironment has not been comprehensively elucidated. Perceiving how environmental factors regulate the differentiation of stem cells is essential for expanding their regenerative potential. Inspired by the mechanical environment of bone, this study attempted to investigate the influence of different ranges of cyclic HP on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) encapsulated within a compartmentalized liquefied microenvironment. Taking advantage of the liquefied environment of microcapsules, MSCs were exposed to cyclic HP of 5 or 50 MPa, 3 times/week at 37 °C. Biological tests using fluorescence staining of F-actin filaments showed a noticeable improvement in cell-cell interactions and cellular network formation of MSCs. These observations were more pronounced in osteogenic (OST) condition, as confirmed by fluorescent staining of vinculin. More interestingly, there was a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity of MSCs exposed to 50 MPa magnitude of HP, even in the absence of osteoinductive factors. In addition, a greater staining area of both osteopontin and hydroxyapatite was detected in the 50 MPa/OST group. These findings highlight the benefit of hydrostatic pressure to regulate osteogenesis of MSCs as well as the importance of employing simultaneous biochemical and mechanical stimulation to accelerate the osteogenic potential of MSCs for biomedical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Jesus
- CICECO–Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge A. Saraiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- CICECO–Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Zhang G, Zhang Z, Cao G, Jin Q, Xu L, Li J, Liu Z, Xu C, Le Y, Fu Y, Ju J, Li B, Hou R. Engineered dermis loaded with confining forces promotes full-thickness wound healing by enhancing vascularisation and epithelialisation. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:464-478. [PMID: 37657662 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin is ideal for clinical wound repair. Restoration of skin tissue defects using tissue-engineered skin remains a challenge owing to insufficient vascularisation. In our previous study, we developed a 3D bioprinted model with confined force loading and demonstrated that the confined force can affect vascular branching, which is regulated by the YAP signalling pathway. The mechanical properties of the model must be optimised to suture the wound edges. In this study, we explored the ability of a GelMA-HAMA-fibrin scaffold to support the confined forces created by 3D bioprinting and promote vascularisation and wound healing. The shape of the GelMA-HAMA-fibrin scaffold containing 3% GelMA was affected by the confined forces produced by the embedded cells. The GelMA-HAMA-fibrin scaffold was easy to print, had optimal mechanical properties, and was biocompatible. The constructs were successfully sutured together after 14 d of culture. Scaffolds seeded with cells were transplanted into skin tissue defects in nude mice, demonstrating that the cell-seeded GelMA-HAMA-fibrin scaffold, under confined force loading, promoted neovascularisation and wound restoration by enhancing blood vessel connections, creating a patterned surface, growth factors, and collagen deposition. These results provide further insights into the production of hydrogel composite materials as tissue-engineered scaffolds under an internal mechanical load that can enhance vascularisation and offer new treatment methods for wound healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Tissue-engineered skin is ideal for use in clinical wound repair. However, treatment of tissue defects using synthetic scaffolds remains challenging, mainly due to slow and insufficient vascularization. Our previous study developed a 3D bioprinted model with confined force loading, and demonstrated that confined force can affect vascular branching regulated by the YAP signal pathway. The mechanical properties of the construct need to be optimized for suturing to the edges of wounds. Here, we investigated the ability of a GelMA-HAMA-fibrin scaffold to support the confined forces created by 3D bioprinting and promote vascularization in vitro and wound healing in vivo. Our findings provide new insight into the development of degradable macroporous composite materials with mechanical stimulation as tissue-engineered scaffolds with enhanced vascularization, and also provide new treatment options for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangliang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Gaobiao Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China
| | - Qianheng Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Chi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Jihui Ju
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Teaching Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| | - Ruixing Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, 5 Tayun Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215104, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medicine College of Soochow University, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Teaching Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Barcik J, Ernst M, Buchholz T, Constant C, Mys K, Epari DR, Zeiter S, Windolf M. The absence of immediate stimulation delays bone healing. Bone 2023; 175:116834. [PMID: 37385428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Secondary bone healing requires an adequate level of mechanical stimulation expressed by the extent of interfragmentary motion in the fracture. However, there is no consensus about when the mechanical stimulation should be initiated to ensure a timely healing response. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effect of the immediate and delayed application of mechanical stimulation in a large animal model. METHODS Twelve Swiss White Alpine sheep underwent partial osteotomy of a tibia that was stabilised with an active fixator inducing well-controlled mechanical stimulation. Animals were randomly assigned into two groups with different stimulation protocols. The immediate group received daily stimulation (1000 cycles/day) from the first day post-operation, while in the delayed group, stimulation began only on the 22nd day post-operation. Healing progression was evaluated daily by measuring the in vivo stiffness of the repair tissue and by quantifying callus area on weekly radiographs. All animals were euthanised five weeks post-op. Post-mortem callus volume was determined from high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT). RESULTS Fracture stiffness (p < 0.05) and callus area (p < 0.01) were significantly larger for the immediate group compared to the delayed stimulation group. In addition, the callus volume measured on the post-mortem HRCT showed 319 % greater callus volume for the immediate stimulation group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that a delay in the onset of mechanical stimulation retards fracture callus development and that mechanical stimulation already applied in the early post-op phase promotes bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Barcik
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.
| | - Manuela Ernst
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tim Buchholz
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Constant
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Karen Mys
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Devakara R Epari
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, George Street 2, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Stephan Zeiter
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Markus Windolf
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
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10
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Jung SM, Lee BM, Shin HS. Development of tissue culture system with automated pulsation and Kalman filter control for an artificial artery model. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1437-1446. [PMID: 37470868 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered arterial vessels have been used as substitutes for unnecessary animal experiments to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of drugs targeting various arteriopathies caused by structural or physiological arterial defects. An arterial tissue culture system was established to simulate the mechanical characteristics of a heart-beating pump and to do online feedback control of lactate and glucose concentrations. The mechanically controlled flow pump mimicked the heart pumping inside a tissue-engineered artery composed of muscle and endothelial cells within a nanofibrous scaffold. After monitoring the pH of the culture medium online, lactate and glucose were estimated using the Kalman filter algorithm, and the set-point online control was operated to maintain glucose for artery tissue engineering. The composition of the artificial artery was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining, and its mechanical characteristics were examined. The online automated system successfully demonstrated its applicability as a standardized process for arterial tissue culture to replace animal arterial experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Myung Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22201, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Man Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Sung Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22201, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Petitjean N, Canadas P, Jorgensen C, Royer P, Le Floc'h S, Noël D. Complex deformation of cartilage micropellets following mechanical stimulation promotes chondrocyte gene expression. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:226. [PMID: 37649121 PMCID: PMC10469822 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Articular cartilage (AC)'s main function is to resist to a stressful mechanical environment, and chondrocytes are responding to mechanical stress for the development and homeostasis of this tissue. However, current knowledge on processes involved in response to mechanical stimulation is still limited. These mechanisms are commonly investigated in engineered cartilage models where the chondrocytes are included in an exogeneous biomaterial different from their natural extracellular matrix. The aim of the present study is to better understand the impact of mechanical stimulation on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived chondrocytes generated in their own extracellular matrix. METHODS A fluidic custom-made device was used for the mechanical stimulation of cartilage micropellets obtained from human MSCs by culture in a chondrogenic medium for 21 days. Six micropellets were positioned into the conical wells of the device chamber and stimulated with different signals of positive pressure (amplitude, frequency and duration). A camera was used to record the sinking of each micropellet into their cone, and micropellet deformation was analyzed using a finite element model. Micropellets were harvested at different time points after stimulation for RT-qPCR and histology analysis. RESULTS Moderate micropellet deformation was observed during stimulation with square pressure signals as mean von Mises strains between 6.39 and 14.35% were estimated for amplitudes of 1.75-14 kPa superimposed on a base pressure of 50% of the amplitude. The compression, tension and shear observed during deformation did not alter micropellet microstructure as shown by histological staining. A rapid and transient increase in the expression of chondrocyte markers (SOX9, AGG and COL2B) was measured after a single 30-min stimulation with a square pressure signal of 3.5 kPa amplitude superimposed on a minimum pressure of 1.75 kPa, at 1 Hz. A small change of 1% of cyclical deformations when using a square pressure signal instead of a constant pressure signal induced a fold change of 2 to 3 of chondrogenic gene expression. Moreover, the expression of fibrocartilage (COL I) or hypertrophic cartilage (COL X, MMP13 and ADAMTS5) was not significantly regulated, except for COL X. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that the dynamic deformation of cartilage micropellets by fluidic-based compression modulates the expression of chondrocyte genes responsible for the production of a cartilage-like extracellular matrix. This lays the foundations for further investigating the chondrocyte mechanobiology and the cartilage growth under mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Petitjean
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- LMGC, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Christian Jorgensen
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Disease Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Royer
- LMGC, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Danièle Noël
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
- Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Disease Therapeutic Unit, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Inserm U1183, IRMB, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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12
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Liu Q, Sun Y, Guan L, Chen X, Zhou J, Liu P, Huo B. Detection of the effect of microvibrational stimulation on human discarded immature oocytes by single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023:10.1007/s10815-023-02837-5. [PMID: 37273164 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the changes in oocytes at the transcriptome level after applying continuous microvibrational mechanical stimulation to human immature oocytes during in vitro maturation. METHODS The discarded germinal-vesicle stage (GV) oocytes with no fertilization value after oocytes retrieval in assisted reproduction cycles were collected. Part of them was stimulated with vibration (n = 6) at 10 Hz for 24 h after obtaining informed consent; the other was cultured in static condition (n = 6). Single-cell transcriptome sequencing was used to detect the differences in oocyte transcriptome compared with the static culture group. RESULTS The applied 10-Hz continuous microvibrational stimulation altered the expression of 352 genes compared with the static culture. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis suggested that the altered genes were mainly enriched with 31 biological processes. The mechanical stimulation upregulated 155 of these genes and downregulated 197 genes. Among them, the genes related to mechanical signaling, such as protein localization to intercellular adhesion (DSP and DLG-5) and cytoskeleton (DSP, FGD6, DNAJC7, KRT16, KLHL1, HSPB1, MAP2K6), were detected. DLG-5, which was related to protein localization to intercellular adhesion, was selected for immunofluorescence experiments based on the transcriptome sequencing results. The protein expression of DLG-5 in the microvibration-stimulated oocytes was higher than that in the static culture oocytes. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical stimulation affects the transcriptome during oocyte maturation, causing the express changes in intercellular adhesion and cytoskeleton-related genes. We speculate that the mechanical signal may be transmitted to the cell through DLG-5 protein and cytoskeleton-related protein to regulate cellular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinli Liu
- Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yanxia Sun
- Reproductive Medical Center, Amcare Women's & Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijun Guan
- Reproductive Medical Center, Amcare Women's & Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinna Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Amcare Women's & Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Reproductive Medical Center, Amcare Women's & Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Sport Biomechanics Center, Sports Artificial Intelligence Institute, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
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13
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Huber S, Ladner Y, Stoddart MJ, Leunig M, Ferguson SJ. The acetabular labrum tissue shows unique transcriptome signatures compared to cartilage and responds to combined cyclic compression and surface shearing. Gene 2023; 856:147140. [PMID: 36574933 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The labrum is a fibrocartilaginous ring surrounding the acetabulum. Loss of labrum function contributes to the degeneration of the hip joint, leading to osteoarthritis. Successful labrum restoration requires profound knowledge about the tissue being replaced. The aim of this study was to characterize the transcriptome and the mechanobiological function of the labrum. RNA-seq was performed to compare the transcriptome of bovine labrum against articular cartilage tissue. Differential expression and gene ontology (GO) term pathway analysis were applied using the SUSHI framework. Bovine labrum explants were cultured for 5 days with / without mechanical loading and targeted gene expression was analyzed by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. More than 6'000 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the labrum compared to cartilage. Up- and downregulated genes were associated with the GO term extracellular matrix organization. The study established an extracellular matrix gene expression profile of healthy labrum tissue and identified significantly upregulated extracellular matrix related genes compared to cartilage tissue. Mechanical loading significantly upregulated aggrecan (ACAN), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), fibronectin (FN1) and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4). MMP1/3/9 and IL6, which were upregulated by an inflammatory stimulus (IL-1b), were statistically unaffected by the loading, although IL6 was upregulated in each donor immediately after the loading. Unique ECM related features may guide the development of labrum tissue-engineering solutions. Despite the transcriptome differences between labrum and cartilage tissue, gene expression response to mechanical loading showed similarities with previously reported responses in cartilage, indicating a preserved tissue adaptation mechanism to mechanical loading. Running title: Acetabular Labrum Mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Huber
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomechanics, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Yann Ladner
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomechanics, Zurich, Switzerland; AO Research Institute, Davos, Switzerland.
| | | | - Michael Leunig
- Schulthess Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zurich, Switzerland.
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14
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Wang Y, Jin Z, Jia S, Shen P, Yang Y, Huang Y. Mechanical stress protects against chondrocyte pyroptosis through TGF-β1-mediated activation of Smad2/3 and inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway in an osteoarthritis model. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114216. [PMID: 36634591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that is difficult to cure owing to its complicated pathogenesis. Exercise therapy has been endorsed as a primary treatment option. However, it remains controversial how exercise intensity regulates OA progression. Here, a declining propensity for TGF-β1 was predicted via bioinformatics analysis of microarray GSE57218 and validated in cartilage samples obtained from arthroplasty. Based on this, cyclic tensile strain or TGF-β1 intervention was performed on human OA chondrocytes, and we found that moderate-intensity mechanical loads protected chondrocytes against pyroptosis. During this process, the elevation of TGF-β1 is mechanically stimuli-dependent and exerts an inhibitory effect on chondrocyte pyroptosis. Moreover, we elucidated that TGF-β1 activated Smad2/3 and inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway to suppress chondrocyte pyroptosis. Furthermore, we established a rat knee OA model by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate and performed treadmill exercises of different intensities. Similar to the in vitro results, we demonstrated that moderate-intensity treadmill exercise had an outstanding chondroprotective effect. An inappropriate intensity of mechanical stimulation may aggravate OA both in vivo and in vitro. Overall, our findings demonstrated that activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2/Smad3 axis and inhibition of NF-κB coordinately inhibit chondrocyte pyroptosis under mechanical loads. This study sheds light on the future development of safe and effective exercise therapies for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Jin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuangshuo Jia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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15
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Li Q, Zargar O, Park S, Pharr M, Muliana A, Finlayson SA. Mechanical stimulation reprograms the sorghum internode transcriptome and broadly alters hormone homeostasis. Plant Sci 2023; 327:111555. [PMID: 36481363 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stem structural failure, or lodging, affects many crops including sorghum, and can cause large yield losses. Lodging is typically caused by mechanical forces associated with severe weather like high winds, but exposure to sub-catastrophic forces may strengthen stems and improve lodging resistance. The responses of sorghum internodes at different developmental stages were examined at 2 and 26 h after initiating moderate mechanical stimulation with an automated apparatus. Transcriptome profiling revealed that mechanical stimulation altered the expression of over 900 genes, including transcription factors, cell wall-related and hormone signaling-related genes. IAA, GA1 and ABA abundances generally declined following mechanical stimulation, while JA increased. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified three modules significantly enriched in GO terms associated with cell wall biology, hormone signaling and general stress responses, which were highly correlated with mechanical stimulation and with biomechanical and geometrical traits documented in a separate study. Additionally, mechanical stimulation-triggered responses were dependent on the developmental stage of the internode and the duration of stimulation. This study provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of plant hormone-regulated thigmomorphogenesis in sorghum stems. The critical biological processes and hub genes described here may offer opportunities to improve lodging resistance in sorghum and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Faculty of Molecular and Environmental Plant Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Omid Zargar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Sungkyu Park
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Faculty of Molecular and Environmental Plant Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Matt Pharr
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Anastasia Muliana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Scott A Finlayson
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Faculty of Molecular and Environmental Plant Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA.
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16
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Leung AKP, Ouyang H, Pang MYC. Effects of mechanical stimulation on mastectomy scars within 2 months of surgery: A single-center, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2023; 66:101724. [PMID: 36645966 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2022.101724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One common complication after mastectomy is thickened scars at the surgical site that impair shoulder function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of mechanical stimulation on scar appearance, arm function, and quality of life of breast cancer survivors after mastectomy. METHODS This was a single-center, single-blinded (assessor), randomized controlled trial with a 3-month follow-up. Women who had undergone mastectomy in the preceding 6 weeks for breast cancer were randomly allocated to an experimental group and a control group by permuted block randomization (block size=6). The experimental group received conventional treatment (mobilization and strengthening exercises) and mechanical stimulation applied to the mastectomy scar twice a week for 6 weeks (12 sessions). The control group received 12 sessions of conventional treatment only. Primary outcome measures included the Vancouver Scar scale (VSS) to assess scar quality. The secondary outcomes were spectrophotometry, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire; shoulder range of motion; the Numeric Pain Rating scale; hand grip strength; and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Breast Cancer (FACT-B). RESULTS One hundred and eight participants were equally randomized to 2 groups. All follow-up assessments were completed in September 2018. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed a significant group × time interaction on the VSS (η² = 0.161, p < 0.001), DASH (η² = 0.060, p = 0.003), and FACT-B functional well-being scores (η² = 0.033, p = 0.034), indicating that the experimental group (n=54) showed greater improvement in these outcomes than the control group (n=54). Post-hoc analysis showed that the improvements in the VSS and DASH scores remained apparent at the 3-month follow-up. Other outcomes did not yield significant group × time interaction. No adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSION The addition of mechanical stimulation to a conventional intervention program improved scar appearance, arm function, and functional well-being compared with conventional intervention alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K P Leung
- Physiotherapy Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huixi Ouyang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marco Y C Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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17
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Lou T, Chen K, Luo Q, Liu C, Yuan Y, Fan C. Periosteum-inspired in situ CaP generated nanocomposite hydrogels with strong bone adhesion and superior stretchability for accelerated distraction osteogenesis. Biomater Res 2022; 26:91. [PMID: 36581951 PMCID: PMC9801553 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an efficacious but lengthy procedure to reconstruct segmental bone defects under the principle of tension-stress, during which the periosteum-mediated mechanical stimulation plays a pivotal role. Inspired by the dynamic process of DO and the mechanical stimulation of periosteum, a new design of bionic periosteum was developed to simulate the mechanical transduction of natural periosteum for the application in DO procedure. METHODS In this study, an injectable organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel was developed based on a novel combination of the PEGylated poly (glycerol sebacate) (PEGS) polymer network and in situ formed CaP nanoparticles (ICPNs). Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and tested in vitro to evaluate biocompatibility, cell adhesion, proliferation, and pro-osteogenic and pro-angiogenic activity. In vivo experiments were conducted in the rat tibial model of distraction osteogenesis. RESULTS The developed nanocomposite hydrogels exhibited excellent injectability, robust bone adhesion, superior stretchability, and enhanced osteogenic activity. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies showed that PEGS/ICPN hydrogels could promote new bone formation and mineralization during the dynamic distraction process through the synergistic effects of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This periosteum-inspired nanocomposite hydrogel represents a mechanobiology approach for effectively restoring large bone defects through the dynamic DO process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Lou
- grid.412528.80000 0004 1798 5117Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiyu Luo
- grid.412528.80000 0004 1798 5117Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 People’s Republic of China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China ,grid.28056.390000 0001 2163 4895Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- grid.412528.80000 0004 1798 5117Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 People’s Republic of China
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18
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Liu Y, Wang L, Li S, Zhang T, Chen C, Hu J, Sun D, Lu H. Mechanical stimulation improves rotator cuff tendon-bone healing via activating IL-4/JAK/STAT signaling pathway mediated macrophage M2 polarization. J Orthop Translat 2022; 37:78-88. [PMID: 36262964 PMCID: PMC9550856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is well known that appropriate mechanical stimulation benefits tendon-bone (T-B) healing, however, the mechanisms behind this are still uncovered completely. Here, we aimed to explore whether the IL-4/JAK/STAT signaling pathway mediated macrophage polarization was involved in mechanical stimulation induced T-B healing. Method C57BL/6 mice rotator cuff (RC) repair model was established, and the mice were randomly allocated to the following group. 1. Mice were allowed for free cage activities after surgery (FC group); 2. Mice received treadmill running initiated on postoperative day 7 (TR group); 3. Mice only received a local injection of hydrogel containing IL-4 neutralizing antibody without postoperative intervention (FC + AF-404-SP group); 4. Mice received a local injection of hydrogel containing IL-4 neutralizing antibody and postoperative treadmill running (TR + AF-404-SP group). The expression of IL-4 within supraspinatus tendon (SST) enthesis was measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway in macrophages and identification of macrophage phenotype at the RC insertion site was detected by Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. T-B healing quality in this RC repair model was evaluated by histological staining, Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) scanning, and biomechanical testing. Result In this study, using the RC repair model, we confirmed that generation of IL-4, activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in macrophages, the ability of macrophages to polarize towards M2 subtype, and T-B healing quality were significantly enhanced in TR group compared to FC group. When comparing FC + AF-404-SP group with TR + AF-404-SP group, it was found that the mechanical stimulation induced this effect was depleted following the blockade of the IL-4/JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Conclusion Our finding suggested that mechanical stimulation could accelerate T-B healing via activating the IL-4/JAK/STAT signaling pathway that modulates macrophages to polarize towards M2 subtype. The translational potential of this article This is the first study to reveal a significant role of mechanical stimulation in the IL-4/JAK/STAT signaling pathway activation and macrophage polarization during RC T-B healing, which highlights the IL-4/JAK/STAT signaling pathway as a potential target to mediate macrophage M2 polarization and improves T-B healing for RC repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linfeng Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shengcan Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Deyi Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Zhou Y, Qiu J, Wan L, Li J. The effect of matrix stiffness on the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Mol Histol 2022. [PMID: 36029427 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-022-10094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is one of the most important weight-bearing components in human body, thus the chondrogenesis of stem cells is reactive to many intracellular and extracellular mechanical signals. As a unique physical cue, matrix stiffness plays an integral role in commitment of stem cell fate. However, when examining the downstream effects of matrix stiffness, most studies used different soluble factors to assist physical inducing process, which may mask the chondrogenic effects of matrix stiffness. Here we fabricated polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels with gradient stiffness to unravel the role of matrix stiffness in chondrogenic process of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with or without TGF-β3 as induction factor. The results showed that with micromass culture mimicking relatively high cell density in vivo, the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs can be promoted by soft substrates (about 0.5 kPa) independently with assembled cytoskeleton. Further analysis indicated that addition of TGF-β3 generally increased expression level of cartilage-related markers and masked the stiffness-derived expression pattern of hypertrophic markers. These results demonstrate how mechanical cues experienced in developmental context regulate commitment of stem cell fate and have significant impact on the design of tissue regeneration materials.
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20
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Ponti F, Bono N, Russo L, Bigini P, Mantovani D, Candiani G. Vibropolyfection: coupling polymer-mediated gene delivery to mechanical stimulation to enhance transfection of adherent cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:363. [PMID: 35933375 PMCID: PMC9356458 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the success of recent non-viral gene delivery-based COVID-19 vaccines, nanovectors have gained some public acceptance and come to the forefront of advanced therapies. Unfortunately, the relatively low ability of the vectors to overcome cellular barriers adversely affects their effectiveness. Scientists have thus been striving to develop ever more effective gene delivery vectors, but the results are still far from satisfactory. Therefore, developing novel strategies is probably the only way forward to bring about genuine change. Herein, we devise a brand-new gene delivery strategy to boost dramatically the transfection efficiency of two gold standard nucleic acid (NA)/polymer nanoparticles (polyplexes) in vitro. Results We conceived a device to generate milli-to-nanoscale vibrational cues as a function of the frequency set, and deliver vertical uniaxial displacements to adherent cells in culture. A short-lived high-frequency vibrational load (t = 5 min, f = 1,000 Hz) caused abrupt and extensive plasmalemma outgrowths but was safe for cells as neither cell proliferation rate nor viability was affected. Cells took about 1 hr to revert to quasi-naïve morphology through plasma membrane remodeling. In turn, this eventually triggered the mechano-activated clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway and made cells more apt to internalize polyplexes, resulting in transfection efficiencies increased from 10-to-100-fold. Noteworthy, these results were obtained transfecting three cell lines and hard-to-transfect primary cells. Conclusions In this work, we focus on a new technology to enhance the intracellular delivery of NAs and improve the transfection efficiency of non-viral vectors through priming adherent cells with a short vibrational stimulation. This study paves the way for capitalizing on physical cell stimulation(s) to significantly raise the effectiveness of gene delivery vectors in vitro and ex vivo. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01571-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ponti
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC Tier I, Department of Min-Met-Mat Engineering and CHU de Québec Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Nina Bono
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Russo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Bigini
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, CRC Tier I, Department of Min-Met-Mat Engineering and CHU de Québec Research Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- genT_LΛB, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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21
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Wu J, Wu D, Wu G, Bei HP, Li Z, Xu H, Wang Y, Wu D, Liu H, Shi S, Zhao C, Xu Y, He Y, Li J, Wang C, Zhao X, Wang S. Scale-out production of extracellular vesicles derived from natural killer cells via mechanical stimulation in a seesaw-motion bioreactor for cancer therapy. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35793612 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac7eeb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from immune cells have shown great anti-cancer therapeutic potential. However, inefficiency in EV generation has considerably impeded the development of EV-based basic research and clinical translation. Here, we developed a seesaw-motion bioreactor (SMB) system by leveraging mechanical stimuli such as shear stress and turbulence for generating EVs with high quality and quantity from natural killer (NK) cells. Compared to EV production in traditional static culture (229 ± 74 particles per cell per day), SMB produced NK-92MI-derived EVs at a higher rate of 438 ± 50 particles per cell per day and yielded a total number of 2 × 1011 EVs over two weeks via continuous dynamic fluidic culture. In addition, the EVs generated from NK-92MI cells in SMB shared a similar morphology, size distribution, and protein profile to EVs generated from traditional static culture. Most importantly, the NK-92MI-derived EVs in SMB were functionally active in killing melanoma and liver cancer cells in both 2D and 3D culture conditions in vitro, as well as in suppressing melanoma growth in vivo. We believe that SMB is an attractive approach to producing EVs with high quality and quantity; it can additionally enhance EV production from NK92-MI cells and promote both the basic and translational research of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Di Wu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Guohua Wu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Ho-Pan Bei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, HONG KONG
| | - Zihan Li
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Han Xu
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning W Rd, Beilin, Xi'An, Shaanxi, China, 710049, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, 710049, CHINA
| | - Yimin Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, HangZhou, 310027, CHINA
| | - Dan Wu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Hui Liu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Shengyu Shi
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Chao Zhao
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, The Old Schools, Trinity Ln, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Yibing Xu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Yong He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, ZheJiang, 310027, CHINA
| | - Jun Li
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, CHINA
| | - Changyong Wang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institude of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Taiping Rd. 27, 100850, Tianjin, Beijing, China, Beijing, 100850, CHINA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, HONG KONG
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Sichuan University, 252 Shuncheng Ave, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610017, CHINA
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22
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Chen Z, Zhou B, Wang X, Zhou G, Zhang W, Yi B, Wang W, Liu W. Synergistic effects of mechanical stimulation and crimped topography to stimulate natural collagen development for tendon engineering. Acta Biomater 2022; 145:297-315. [PMID: 35470072 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Suitable scaffold structures and mechanical loading are essential for functional tendon engineering. However, the bipolar fibril structure of native tendon collagen is yet to be recaptured in engineered tendons. This study compared the development of Achilles tendons of postnatal rats with and without (via surgical section) mechanical loading to define the mechanism of mechanical stimulation-mediated tendon development. The results demonstrated that the severed tendons weakened mechanically and exhibited disorganization without a bipolar fibril superstructure. Proteomic analysis revealed differentially expressed key regulatory molecules related to the collagen assembly process, including decreased fibromodulin, keratocan, fibroblast growth factor-1, and increased lumican and collagen5a1 in the severed tendons with immunohistochemical verification. Additionally, a complex regulatory network of mechanical stimulation-mediated collagen assembly in a spatiotemporal manner was also revealed using bioinformatics analysis, wherein PI3K-Akt and HDAC4 may be the predominant signaling pathways. A wavy microgrooved surface (Y = 5.47sin(0.015x)) that biomimics tendon topography was observed to enhance the expression of collagen assembly molecules under mechanical loading, and the aforementioned pathways are particularly involved and verified with their respective inhibitors of LY-294002 and LMK-235. Furthermore, an electrospun crimped nanofiber scaffold (approximately 2 μm fiber diameter and 0.12 crimpness) was fabricated to biomimic the tenogenic niche environment; this was observed to be more effective on enhancing collagen production and assembly under mechanical stimulation. In conclusion, the synergistic effect between topographical niche and mechanical stimulation was observed to be essential for collagen assembly and maturation and should be applied to functional tendon engineering in the future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In biomaterial-mediated tendon regeneration, mechanical stimulation is essential for tendon collagen assembly. However, the underlying mechanisms remain not fully defined, leading to the failure of the native-like collagen regeneration. In this study, a mechanical stimulation deprivation model of rat tendon was established to reveal the mechanisms in tendon development and define the key regulatory molecules including small leucine-rich proteoglycans, lysyl oxidase and collagen V. After ensuring the importance of biomimetic structure in tendon remodeling, crimped nanofibers were developed to verify these regulatory molecules, and demonstrated that mechanical stimulation significantly enhanced collagen assembly via PIK3 and HDAC4 pathways in biomaterial-regulated tendon regeneration. This study provides more insightful perspectives in the physiologically remodeling progression of tendon collagen and design of tendon scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Boya Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiansong Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bingcheng Yi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Shanghai 200011, China.
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23
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Lin S, Li J, Shao J, Zhang J, He X, Huang D, Dong L, Lin J, Weng W, Cheng K. Anisotropic magneto- mechanical stimulation on collagen coatings to accelerate osteogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 210:112227. [PMID: 34838419 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical stimulation has been considered to be critical to cellular response and tissue regeneration. However, harnessing the direction of mechanical stimulation during osteogenesis still remains a challenge. In this study, we designed a series of novel magnetized collagen coatings (MCCs) (randomly or parallel-oriented collagen fibers) to exert the anisotropic mechanical stimulation using oriented magnetic actuation during osteogenesis. Strikingly, we found the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were significantly up-regulated when the direction of magnetic actuation was parallel to the randomly-oriented collagen coating surface, in contrast to the down-regulated capacity under the perpendicular magnetic actuation. Moreover, further exerting a parallel mechanical stimulation along the parallel-oriented collagen coating, which cells have been oriented by the oriented collagens, were not only able to up-regulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs but also promote the new bone formation during osteogenesis in vivo. We also demonstrated the anisotropic magneto-mechanical stimulation for the osteogenic differences might be attributed to the stretching or bending tensile status of collagen fibers controlled by the direction of magnetic actuation, driving the α5β1-dependent integrin signaling cascade. This study therefore got insight of understanding the directional mechanical stimulation on osteogenesis, and also paved a way for sustaining regulation of the biomaterials-host interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suya Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Juan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xuzhao He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Donghua Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lingqing Dong
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jun Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Wenjian Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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24
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Carlos-Oliveira M, Lozano-Juan F, Occhetta P, Visone R, Rasponi M. Current strategies of mechanical stimulation for maturation of cardiac microtissues. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:717-727. [PMID: 34765047 PMCID: PMC8555032 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The most advanced in vitro cardiac models are today based on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); however, the maturation of cardiomyocytes (CMs) has not yet been fully achieved. Therefore, there is a rising need to move towards models capable of promoting an adult-like cardiomyocytes phenotype. Many strategies have been applied such as co-culture of cardiomyocytes, with fibroblasts and endothelial cells, or conditioning them through biochemical factors and physical stimulations. Here, we focus on mechanical stimulation as it aims to mimic the different mechanical forces that heart receives during its development and the post-natal period. We describe the current strategies and the mechanical properties necessary to promote a positive response in cardiac tissues from different cell sources, distinguishing between passive stimulation, which includes stiffness, topography and static stress and active stimulation, encompassing cyclic strain, compression or perfusion. We also highlight how mechanical stimulation is applied in disease modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carlos-Oliveira
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Ferran Lozano-Juan
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy.,BiomimX S.r.l., Via G. Durando 38/A, 20158 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Occhetta
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Visone
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Rasponi
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy
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25
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Zhang K, Liu X, Wang L, Liu Z, Yi Q, Geng B, Chen X, Yu D, Xia Y. The mechanosensory and mechanotransductive processes mediated by ion channels and the impact on bone metabolism: A systematic review. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 711:109020. [PMID: 34461086 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical environments were associated with alterations in bone metabolism. Ion channels present on bone cells are indispensable for bone metabolism and can be directly or indirectly activated by mechanical stimulation. This review aimed to discuss the literature reporting the mechanical regulatory effects of ion channels on bone cells and bone tissue. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Studies about mechanically induced alteration of bone cells and bone tissue by ion channels were included. Ion channels including TRP family channels, Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels (CRACs), Piezo1/2 channels, purinergic receptors, NMDA receptors, voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs), TREK2 potassium channels, calcium- and voltage-dependent big conductance potassium (BKCa) channels, small conductance, calcium-activated potassium (SKCa) channels and epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs) present on bone cells and bone tissue participate in the mechanical regulation of bone development in addition to contributing to direct or indirect mechanotransduction such as altered membrane potential and ionic flux. Physiological (beneficial) mechanical stimulation could induce the anabolism of bone cells and bone tissue through ion channels, but abnormal (harmful) mechanical stimulation could also induce the catabolism of bone cells and bone tissue through ion channels. Functional expression of ion channels is vital for the mechanotransduction of bone cells. Mechanical activation (opening) of ion channels triggers ion influx and induces the activation of intracellular modulators that can influence bone metabolism. Therefore, mechanosensitive ion channels provide new insights into therapeutic targets for the treatment of bone-related diseases such as osteopenia and aseptic implant loosening.
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26
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Liang W, Wu X, Dong Y, Chen X, Zhou P, Xu F. Mechanical stimuli-mediated modulation of bone cell function-implications for bone remodeling and angiogenesis. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:445-454. [PMID: 34665321 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling, expressed as bone formation and turnover, is a complex and dynamic process closely related to its form and function. Different events, such as development, aging, and function, play a critical role in bone remodeling and metabolism. The ability of the bone to adapt to new loads and forces has been well known and has proven useful in orthopedics and insightful for research in bone and cell biology. Mechanical stimulation is one of the most important drivers of bone metabolism. Interestingly, different types of forces will have specific consequences in bone remodeling, and their beneficial effects can be traced using different biomarkers. In this narrative review, we summarize the major mediators and events in bone remodeling, focusing on the effects of mechanical stimulation on bone metabolism, cell populations, and ultimately, bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinchang People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312500, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangming Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Ikeda S, Ikoma K. Efficacy of passive repetitive stretching of skeletal muscle on myofiber hypertrophy and genetic suppression on MAFbx, MuRF1, and myostatin. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 42:443-451. [PMID: 34664159 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles undergo adaptations in response to mechanical stimuli such as stretching. However, there is limited evidence regarding the hypertrophic effects of passive repetitive stretching in vivo. We examined the effect of passive repetitive stretching on skeletal muscle myofiber morphology, satellite cell content, and messenger RNA expression of myogenic regulatory factors and signaling molecules involved in muscle protein synthesis and degradation. The gastrocnemius muscles of mice were stretched 15 times/min by manual ankle dorsiflexion for 15 min, 5 days a week for 2 weeks. We found that passive repetitive stretching significantly increased myofiber cross-sectional area. In stretched gastrocnemius muscles, the messenger RNA expression of p70S6K and myogenin was upregulated, whereas MuRF1, MAFbx, myostatin, and 4E-BP1 were downregulated. The phosphorylation level of p70S6K was significantly increased in stretched muscles. The number of Pax7+ cells was unaffected. Passive repetitive stretching induces muscle hypertrophy by regulating signaling pathways involved in muscle protein turnover. These findings are applicable to clinical muscle strengthening and for the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and function in patients who are unconscious or paralyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kitaku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Kitaku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan.
| | - Katsunori Ikoma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Kitaku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
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28
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Shimomura S, Inoue H, Arai Y, Nakagawa S, Fujii Y, Kishida T, Shin-Ya M, Ichimaru S, Tsuchida S, Mazda O, Takahashi K. Mechanical stimulation of chondrocytes regulates HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. Tissue Cell 2021; 71:101574. [PMID: 34214783 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α on articular cartilage under mechanical stimulation and the associated mechanisms. Chondrocytes, isolated from articular cartilage from the knee, hip, and shoulder joints of Wistar rats, were subjected to 20 % tensile stress under hypoxic (5% O2) conditions for 24 h. HIF-1α and aggrecan expression was significantly enhanced with mechanical stimulation under hypoxia but not significantly altered with mechanical stimulation under normoxia. The nuclear translocation of HIF-1α was enhanced by mechanical stress under hypoxia. Under both normoxia and hypoxia, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAM-TS) 5 expression was significantly reduced with mechanical stimulation compared to that in the group without mechanical stimulation. However, HIF-1α knockdown mitigated changes in aggrecan and ADAM-TS5 expression mediated by mechanical stimulation under hypoxia. The effects of treadmill running on HIF-1α production in the articular cartilage of rat knee joints were also analyzed. HIF-1α production increased in the moderate running group and decreased to the same levels as those in the control group in the excessive running group. This suggests that HIF-1α regulates aggrecan and ADAM-TS5 expression in response to mechanical stimulation under hypoxia and general mechanical stimulation in articular cartilage under hypoxia, while controlling cartilage homeostasis.
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Wu S, Liu J, Qi Y, Cai J, Zhao J, Duan B, Chen S. Tendon-bioinspired wavy nanofibrous scaffolds provide tunable anisotropy and promote tenogenesis for tendon tissue engineering. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 126:112181. [PMID: 34082981 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of tendon-biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds with mesenchymal stem cells may represent a promising strategy to improve the unsatisfactory outcomes of traditional treatments in tendon repair. In the present study, the nanofibrous scaffolds comprised of poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) and silk fibroin (SF) composites were fabricated by using electrospinning technique and subsequent thermal ethanol treatment. The PPDO/SF composite scaffolds presented parallel fiber arrangement with crimped features and nonlinear mechanical properties, which mimic the structure-function relationship of native tendon tissue mechanics. We demonstrated that the fiber crimp degree and mechanical properties of as-prepared PPDO/SF wavy nanofibrous scaffolds (WNSs) could be tunable by adjusting the mass ratio of PPDO/SF. The biological tests revealed that the addition of SF obviously promoted the cell adhesion, proliferation, and phenotypic maintenance of human tenocytes on the WNSs. A preliminary study on the subcutaneous implantation showed that the PPDO/SF WNSs notably decreased the inflammatory response compared with pure PPDO WNSs. More importantly, a combination of growth factor induction and mechanical stimulation was found to notably enhance the tenogenic differentiation of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells on the PPDO/SF WNSs by upregulating the expressions of tendon-associated protein and gene markers. Overall, this study demonstrated that our PPDO/SF WNSs could provide a beneficial microenvironment for various cell activities, making them an attractive candidate for tendon tissue engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Wu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jiao Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ye Qi
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiangyu Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Shaojuan Chen
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Iwamoto M, Hamasaki T, Asano Y, Shinoda J. Computational approach to understand temporal and spatial tactile transmission processes from mechanical stimuli of the index fingertip to the primary somatosensory cortex. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 359:109215. [PMID: 33957157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of information transmission using tactile sense are one of major concerns in producing simulated experience in virtual or augmented reality as well as in compensating elderly or impaired people with diminished tactile sensory function. However, important mechanism of the difference of peak latency in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) between electrical and mechanical stimulations of finger skin is not fully understood. We propose a computational approach to fuse a computational model to simulate temporal and spatial transmission processes from mechanical stimuli to the SI and experimental method using a magnetoencephalograph (MEG). In our model, a tactile model that combined a three-dimensional mechanical model of fingertip skin and a neurophysiological model of a slowly adapting type 1 (SA1) mechanoreceptor was integrated with a somatosensory evoked field (SEF) response model. Electrical and mechanical stimulations were applied to the same locations of the right or left index fingertips of three subjects using a MEG. By identifying parameters of the SEF response model using the electrical stimulation test data, predicted first peak latency due to a mechanical stimulus was identical to its average value obtained from the mechanical stimulation test data, while the spatial map predicted at the multiple SA1 receptors qualitatively corresponded to the MEG image map in the timings of peak latency. This suggests that mechanical change in the skin and neurophysiological responses generate the difference of peak latency in SI between electrical and mechanical stimulations. The computational approach has the potential for detailed investigation of mechanisms of tactile information transmission.
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Chen J, Chen L, Hua J, Song W. Long-term dynamic compression enhancement TGF-β3-induced chondrogenesis in bovine stem cells: a gene expression analysis. BMC Genom Data 2021; 22:13. [PMID: 33743603 PMCID: PMC7981793 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-00967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bioengineering has demonstrated the potential of utilising mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), growth factors, and mechanical stimuli to treat cartilage defects. However, the underlying genes and pathways are largely unclear. This is the first study on screening and identifying the hub genes involved in mechanically enhanced chondrogenesis and their potential molecular mechanisms. Methods The datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and contain six transforming growth factor-beta-3 (TGF-β3) induced bovine bone marrow-derived MSCs specimens and six TGF-β3/dynamic-compression-induced specimens at day 42. Screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed and then analysed via bioinformatics methods. The Database for Annotation, Visualisation, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) online analysis was utilised to obtain the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed based on data from the STRING database and visualised through the Cytoscape software. The functional modules were extracted from the PPI network for further analysis. Results The top 10 hub genes ranked by their connection degrees were IL6, UBE2C, TOP2A, MCM4, PLK2, SMC2, BMP2, LMO7, TRIM36, and MAPK8. Multiple signalling pathways (including the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, the toll-like receptor signalling pathway, the TNF signalling pathway, and the MAPK pathway) may impact the sensation, transduction, and reaction of external mechanical stimuli. Conclusions This study provides a theoretical finding showing that gene UBE2C, IL6, and MAPK8, and multiple signalling pathways may play pivotal roles in dynamic compression-enhanced chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishizhan Chen
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Lidan Chen
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.,Centre of Maxillofacial Surgery and Digital Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Hua
- UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Stanmore, London, HA7 4AP, UK.,The Griffin Institute (Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research), Harrow, London, HA1 3UJ, UK.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Wenhui Song
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
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Frahm KS, Gervasio S. The two-point discrimination threshold depends both on the stimulation noxiousness and modality. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:1439-1449. [PMID: 33682043 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The two-point discrimination threshold (2PDT) has been used to investigate the integration of sensory information, especially in relation to spatial acuity. The 2PDT has been investigated for both innocuous mechanical stimuli and noxious thermal stimuli; however, previous studies used different stimulation modalities to compare innocuous and noxious stimuli. This study investigated the 2PDT in 19 healthy participants, using both thermal (laser) and mechanical stimulation modalities. Within each modality, both innocuous and noxious intensities were applied. Concurrent point stimuli were applied to the right volar forearm, with separation distances of 0-120 mm, in steps of 10 mm. 0 mm corresponds to a single point. Following each stimulus, the participants indicated the number of perceived points (1 or 2) and the perceived intensity (NRS: 0: no perception, 3: pain threshold, 10: maximum pain). The order of stimulation modality, intensity and distance was randomized. The 2PDT for innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli was 34.7 mm and 47.1 mm, respectively. For thermal stimuli, the 2PDT was 80.5 mm for innocuous stimuli and 66.9 mm for noxious stimuli. The average NRS for thermal stimuli was 1.6 for innocuous intensities and 4.0 for noxious intensities, while for mechanical stimuli, the average NRS was 0.9 for innocuous intensities and 3.6 for noxious intensities. This study showed that the 2PDT highly depends on both stimulation modality and intensity. Within each modality, noxious intensities modulates the 2PDT differently, i.e., noxious intensities lowers the 2PDT for thermal stimuli, but increases the 2PDT for mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Steffen Frahm
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Integrative Neuroscience group, CNAP-Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, SMI®, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajersvej 7D3, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Sabata Gervasio
- Neural Engineering and Neurophysiology Group, SMI®, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Semitela Â, Girão AF, Fernandes C, Ramalho G, Pinto SC, Completo A, Marques PAAP. Boosting in vitro cartilage tissue engineering through the fabrication of polycaprolactone-gelatin 3D scaffolds with specific depth-dependent fiber alignments and mechanical stimulation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 117:104373. [PMID: 33618241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the limited self-healing ability of natural cartilage, several tissue engineering strategies have been explored to develop functional replacements. Still, most of these approaches do not attempt to recreate in vitro the anisotropic organization of its extracellular matrix, which is essential for a suitable load-bearing function. In this work, different depth-dependent alignments of polycaprolactone-gelatin electrospun fibers were assembled into three-dimensional scaffold architectures to assess variations on chondrocyte response under static, unconfined compressed and perfused culture conditions. The in vitro results confirmed that not only the 3D scaffolds specific depth-dependent fiber alignments potentiated chondrocyte proliferation and migration towards the fibrous systems, but also the mechanical stimulation protocols applied were able to enhance significantly cell metabolic activity and extracellular matrix deposition, respectively.
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Hendrickson T, Mancino C, Whitney L, Tsao C, Rahimi M, Taraballi F. Mimicking cardiac tissue complexity through physical cues: A review on cardiac tissue engineering approaches. Nanomedicine 2021; 33:102367. [PMID: 33549819 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the number one killer in the world.1,2 Currently, there are no clinical treatments to regenerate damaged cardiac tissue, leaving patients to develop further life-threatening cardiac complications. Cardiac tissue has multiple functional demands including vascularization, contraction, and conduction that require many synergic components to properly work. Most of these functions are a direct result of the cardiac tissue structure and composition, and, for this reason, tissue engineering strongly proposed to develop substitute engineered heart tissues (EHTs). EHTs usually have combined pluripotent stem cells and supporting scaffolds with the final aim to repair or replace the damaged native tissue. However, as simple as this idea is, indeed, it resulted, after many attempts in the field, to be very challenging. Without design complexity, EHTs remain unable to mature fully and integrate into surrounding heart tissue resulting in minimal in vivo effects.3 Lately, there has been a growing body of evidence that a complex, multifunctional approach through implementing scaffold designs, cellularization, and molecular release appears to be essential in the development of a functional cardiac EHTs.4-6 This review covers the advancements in EHTs developments focusing on how to integrate contraction, conduction, and vascularization mimics and how combinations have resulted in improved designs thus warranting further investigation to develop a clinically applicable treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy Hendrickson
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA; Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Texas A&M MD/PhD Program, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Chiara Mancino
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, (MI), Italy
| | - Lauren Whitney
- Texas A&M Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Chris Tsao
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maham Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA; Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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Deguchi S, Kato A, Wu P, Hakamada M, Mabuchi M. Heterogeneous role of integrins in fibroblast response to small cyclic mechanical stimulus generated by a nanoporous gold actuator. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:418-430. [PMID: 33326880 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is important to understand the effects of mechanical stimulation on cell behaviors for homeostasis. Many studies have been performed on cell responses to mechanical stimuli, but the mechanosensing mechanism is still under debate. In the present study, experiments employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations concerning the effects of cyclic mechanical stimulus on cell proliferation were performed based on the hypothesis that mechanosensing depends on integrin types. We used a nanoporous gold (NPG) actuator to prevent transfer of a mechanical stimulus via molecules other than integrins. Surprisingly, a small cyclic strain of only 0.5% enhanced the proliferation of fibroblasts. α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins showed high sensitivity to the mechanical stimulus, whereas α1β1 and α2β1 integrins exhibited low mechanosensitivity. The MD simulations showed that different conformational changes of the integrin headpiece induced by binding to the ECM led to a difference in mechanosensitivity between αI and αI-less integrin types. Thus, the present study provides evidence to support the hypothesis and suggests the mechanism for the heterogeneous roles of integrins in mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Deguchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Peizheng Wu
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masataka Hakamada
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mamoru Mabuchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Rummler M, Ziouti F, Bouchard AL, Brandl A, Duda GN, Bogen B, Beilhack A, Lynch ME, Jundt F, Willie BM. Mechanical loading prevents bone destruction and exerts anti-tumor effects in the MOPC315.BM.Luc model of myeloma bone disease. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:247-258. [PMID: 33130307 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone continually adapts to changing external loading conditions via (re)modeling (modeling and remodeling) processes. While physical activity is known to beneficially enhance bone mass in healthy individuals, little is known in how physical stimuli affect osteolytic bone destruction in patients suffering from multiple myeloma bone disease. Multiple myeloma (MM) is caused by malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, shifting the balance in bone remodeling towards massive resorption. We hypothesized that in vivo tibial mechanical loading has anabolic effects in mice with locally injected MOPC315.BM.Luc cells. Conventional microCT analysis revealed enhanced cortical bone mass and microstructure in loaded compared to nonloaded mice. State-of-the-art time-lapse microCT based image analysis demonstrated bone (re)modeling processes at the endosteal and periosteal surfaces as the underlying causes of increased bone mass. Loading prevented the progression and development of osteolytic destruction. Physical stimuli also diminished local MM cell growth and dissemination evidenced by quantification of MM cell-specific immunoglobulin A levels in the serum of mice and by bioluminescence analysis. These data indicate that mechanical loading not only rescues the bone phenotype, but also exerts cell-extrinsic anti-myeloma effects in the MOPC315.BM.Luc model. In conclusion, the use of physical stimuli should be further investigated as an anabolic treatment for osteolytic bone destruction in patients with MM.
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Dou W, Wang L, Malhi M, Liu H, Zhao Q, Plakhotnik J, Xu Z, Huang Z, Simmons CA, Maynes JT, Sun Y. A microdevice platform for characterizing the effect of mechanical strain magnitudes on the maturation of iPSC-Cardiomyocytes. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 175:112875. [PMID: 33303322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) as an in vitro model of the heart is limited by their structurally and functionally immature phenotypes. During heart development, mechanical stimuli from in vivo microenvironments are known to regulate cardiomyocyte gene expression and maturation. Accordingly, protocols for culturing iPSC-CMs have recently incorporated mechanical or electromechanical stimulation to induce cellular maturation in vitro; however, the response of iPSC-CMs to different mechanical strain magnitudes is unknown, and existing techniques lack the capability to dynamically measure changes to iPSC-CM contractility in situ as maturation progresses. We developed a microdevice platform which applies cyclical strains of varying magnitudes (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) to a monolayer of iPSC-CMs, coincidentally measuring contractile stress during mechanical stimulation using fluorescent nanobeads embedded in the microdevice's suspended membrane. Cyclic strain was found to induce circumferential cell alignment on the actuated membranes. In situ contractility measurements revealed that cyclic stimulation gradually increased cardiomyocyte contractility during a 10-day culture period. The contractile stress of iPSC-CM monolayers was found to increase with a higher strain magnitude and plateaued at 15% strain. Cardiomyocyte contractility positively correlated with the elongation of sarcomeres and an increased expression of β-myosin heavy chain (MYH7) in a strain magnitude-dependent manner, illustrating how mechanical stress can be optimized for the phenotypic and proteomic maturation of the cells. iPSC-CMs with improved maturity have the potential to create a more accurate heart model in vitro for applications in disease modeling and therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkun Dou
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada; School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Manpreet Malhi
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Haijiao Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Qili Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Julia Plakhotnik
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zhensong Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Zongjie Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Craig A Simmons
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Jason T Maynes
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, M5S 3G4, Canada; Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, M5T 3A1, Canada.
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Jeong YJ, Kim DS, Kim JY, Oyunbaatar NE, Shanmugasundaram A, Kim ES, Lee DW. On-stage bioreactor platform integrated with nano-patterned and gold-coated PDMS diaphragm for live cell stimulation and imaging. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 118:111355. [PMID: 33254975 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, several in-vitro biosensing platforms have been developed for enhancing the maturation of the cultured cells. However, most of the proposed platforms met with limited success due to its inability for live-cell imaging, complicated fabrication, and not being advantageous from an economic perspective due to a higher price. To overcome the drawbacks of the current state-of-the-art, herein, we developed a next-generation stage-top incubator (STI) incorporated with nano grooves patterned PDMS diaphragm (NGPPD). The proposed device consists of a miniatured STI, the NGPPD functional well plates, and a mechanical stimulator. A thin layer of gold (Au) is deposited on the NGPPD to enhanced myogenic differentiation, cell maturation, and cell-cell interactions. The nano grooves are integrated on the PDMS surface to align the cardiomyocytes in the grooved direction during the culture period. The cardiomyocytes cultivated on the Au-deposited NGPPD are stimulated topographically and mechanically during the cultivation period. The enhanced cardiomyocytes maturation cultured on the Au-deposited NGPPD is experimentally demonstrated using immunofluorescence staining and PCR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jin Jeong
- MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Su Kim
- MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yun Kim
- MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Nomin-Erdene Oyunbaatar
- MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Arunkumar Shanmugasundaram
- MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Sam Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Center for Next-Generation Sensor Research and Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Weon Lee
- MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Center for Next-Generation Sensor Research and Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang YQ, Yang CW, Feng GC, Li CB, Shi PS, Zhen P. [Advances on research of physical environment affecting stem cell differentiation in ligament tissue engineering]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2020; 33:1080-4. [PMID: 33269863 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ligament tissue engineering is currently a novel approach to the treatment of ligament injury, which can replace the deficiency of autografts. Ligament tissue engineering consists of four basic elements:seed cells, nanoscaffolds, growth factors, and mechanical stimulation. At present, the main problem in ligament tissue engineering is how to control seed cells to ligament cells more controllly. The study found that each physical property of the natural bio ligament and mechanical stimulation (uniaxial stretching) plays an important role in the differentiation of stem cells into ligament cells. Therefore, the design of nanofiber scaffolds must consider the elastic modulus of the material and the material. Structure(material arrangement, porosity and diameter, etc.), elastic modulus and material structure in different ranges will guide cells to differentiate into different lineages. Considering that the ligament is the main force-bearing tissue of the human body, mechanical stimulation is also essential for stem cell differentiation, especially uniaxial stretching, which best meets the stress of the ligament in the body. A large number of studies have found the frequency and amplitude of stretching. And time will also lead the cells to differentiate in different directions. RhoA/ROCK plays a regulatory role in cytoskeletal remodeling and cell differentiation. It is also found that RhoA/ROCK protein participates in the process of nanofiber arrangement and uniaxial stretching to guide stem cells to differentiate into ligament cells, specifically how to influence stem cell differentiation. It is not clear at present that understanding the effects of physical properties on stem cell differentiation and understanding the mechanism of action of RhoA/ROCK protein will provide a new theoretical basis for further optimization of ligament tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qiang Zhang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Yang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Guo-Chao Feng
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Chuang-Bing Li
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Pei-Sheng Shi
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Ping Zhen
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
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Botter A, Cerone GL, Saggini R, Massazza G, Minetto MA. Characterization of the stimulation output of four devices for focal muscle vibration. Med Eng Phys 2020; 85:97-103. [PMID: 33081969 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Different devices for mechano-acoustic muscle vibration became available on the market in the last ten years. Although the use of these vibrators is increasing in research and clinical settings, the features of their stimulation output were never described in literature. In this study we aimed to quantify and compare the stimulation output of the four most widespread pneumatic devices for focal muscle vibration available on the market. A piezoelectric pressure sensor was used to measure the pressure profile generated by the four selected devices in the following experimental conditions: i) measurement of the output changes associated with variations of the stimulation amplitude for three stimulation frequencies (100 Hz, 200 Hz, and 300 Hz); ii) measurement of the output changes during a 20-min long stimulation at constant frequency (300 Hz) and amplitude; iii) measurement of the output changes associated with the progressive activation of all stimulation channels at constant frequency (200 Hz) for different amplitudes. The maximum peak-to-peak amplitudes of the pressure waves were in the range 102 mbar - 369 mbar (below the maximum values declared by the different manufacturers). The shape of the pressure waves generated by the four devices was quasi-sinusoidal and asymmetric with respect to the atmospheric pressure. All output features had a remarkable intra- and inter-device variability. Further studies are required to support the technological improvement of the currently available devices and to focus the issues of vibration effectiveness, limitations, proper protocols, modalities of its application and assessment in neuromuscular training and rehabilitation.
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Decker MG, Nottmeier C, Luther J, Baranowsky A, Kahl-Nieke B, Amling M, Schinke T, David JP, Koehne T. Role of c-Fos in orthodontic tooth movement: an in vivo study using transgenic mice. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:593-601. [PMID: 32803442 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The transcription factor c-Fos controls the differentiation of osteoclasts and is expressed in periodontal ligament cells after mechanical stimulation in vitro. However, it is unclear how c-Fos regulates orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in vivo. The aim of this study was therefore to analyse OTM in transgenic mice with overexpression of c-Fos. Materials and methods We employed c-Fos transgenic mice (c-Fos tg) and wild-type littermates (WT) in a model of OTM induced by Nitinol tension springs that were bonded between the left first maxillary molars and the upper incisors. The unstimulated contralateral side served as an internal control. Mice were analysed by contact radiography, micro-computed tomography, decalcified histology and histochemistry. Results Our analysis of the unstimulated side revealed that alveolar bone and root morphology were similar between c-Fos tg and control mice. However, we observed more osteoclasts in the alveolar bone of c-Fos tg mice as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells were increased by 40%. After 12 days of OTM, c-Fos tg mice exhibited 62% increased tooth movement as compared with WT mice. Despite the faster tooth movement, c-Fos tg and WT mice displayed the same amount of root resorption. Importantly, we did not observe orthodontically induced tissue necrosis (i.e. hyalinization) in c-Fos tg mice, while this was a common finding in WT mice. Conclusion Overexpression of c-Fos accelerates tooth movement without causing more root resorption. Clinical relevance Accelerated tooth movement must not result in more root resorption as higher tissue turnover may decrease the amount of mechanically induced tissue necrosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00784-020-03503-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Sánchez-Pérez C, Fernández-Santos ME, Chana-Rodríguez F, Vaquero-Martín J, Crego-Vita D, Carbó Laso E, González de Torre I, Narbona-Cárceles J. In vitro chondral culture under compression and shear stimuli. From mesenchymal stem cells to hyaline cartilage. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2020; 64:380-387. [PMID: 32792287 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The in vitro creation of hyaline joint cartilage is a challenge since, to date, the ex vivo synthesis of a structured tissue with the same biomechanical and histological properties of the joint cartilage has not been achieved. To simulate the physiological conditions we have designed an in vitro culture system that reproduces joint movement. MATERIAL AND METHOD We have developed a cell culture bioreactor that prints a mechanical stimulus on an elastin matrix, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are embedded. The first phase of study corresponds to the development of a bioreactor for hyaline cartilage culture and the verification of cell viability in the elastin matrix in the absence of stimulus. The second phase of the study includes the MSC culture under mechanical stimulus and the analysis of the resulting tissue. RESULTS After culture under mechanical stimulation we did not obtain hyaline tissue due to lack of cellularity and matrix destructuring. CONCLUSION The stimulus pattern used has not been effective in generating hyaline cartilage, so other combinations should be explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sánchez-Pérez
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
| | - M E Fernández-Santos
- Unidad de Producción Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - F Chana-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - J Vaquero-Martín
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - D Crego-Vita
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Madrid, España
| | - E Carbó Laso
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | | | - J Narbona-Cárceles
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
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Wang Y, Wang X, Ge A, Hu L, Du W, Liu BF. A dual-stimulation strategy in a micro-chip for the investigation of mechanical associative learning behavior of C. elegans. Talanta 2020; 215:120900. [PMID: 32312445 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, few micro-devices for analysis of associative learning behavior have been reported. In this work, an agarose-PDMS hybridized micro-chip was developed to establish a new associative learning model between mechanosensation and food reward in C. elegans. The micro-chip consisted of column arrays which mimicked mechanical stimulation to C. elegans. After trained by pairing bacterial food and mechanical stimuli in the chip, the worms exhibited associative learning behavior and gathered in the regions where there was food during training. The key research findings include: (1) Associative learning behavior of C. elegans could be generated and quantitatively analyzed by this developed micro-chip. (2) Associative learning behavior could be enhanced by extending the training time and developmental stage. (3) Mechanosensation-related genes and neurotransmitters signals had effects on the learning behavior. (4) The associative learning ability could be strengthened by exogenous dopamine in both wild type and mutants. We validated that the design of the micro-chip was useful and convenient for the study of learning behavior based on mechanosensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xixian Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Single Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Anle Ge
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Single Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Liang Hu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering. Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wei Du
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Yan L, Liu G, Wu X. Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19. J Orthop Translat 2020; 26:111-120. [PMID: 33437630 PMCID: PMC7773952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exosomes derived from stem cells have been demonstrated to be good candidates for the treatment of osteochondral injury. Our previous studies have demonstrated that mechanical stimulation could be crucial for the secretion of exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (U-MSCs). Therefore, we explore whether mechanical stimulation caused by a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) has a beneficial effect on exosome yield and biological function. Methods U-MSCs were subjected to an RCCS at different rotational speeds and exosomes were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. small-interfering RNAs of Rab27a (siRNA-Rab27a) was used to reduce exosome production. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of mechanically sensitive long non-coding RNA H19 (LncRNA H19). The effects of exosomes on chondrocyte proliferation were examined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), toluidine blue staining and a series of related genes. Annexin V-FITC and PI (V-FITC/PI) flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of exosomes on the inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis. Macroscopic evaluation, MRI quantification and immunohistochemical staining were conducted to investigate the in vivo effects of exosomal LncRNA H19 through SD rat cartilage defect models. Results RCCS significantly promoted exosome production at 36 rpm/min within 196 h. Mechanical stimulation was able to increase the expression level of exosomes. The exosomal LncRNA H19 was found to promote chondrocyte proliferation and matrix synthesis and inhibit apoptosis in vitro. Chondral regeneration activity was lost in LncRNA H19-defective exosomes. The injection of exosomal LncRNA H19 in vivo resulted in improved macroscopic assessment, MRI quantification and histological analysis. Moreover, exosomal LncRNA H19 was able to relieve pain levels during the early stages of cartilage repair in an animal experiment. Conclusion Our findings confirmed that mechanical stimulation can enhance exosome yield as well as biological function for the repair of cartilage defects. The underlying mechanism may be related to the high expression of LncRNA H19 in exosomes. The translational potential of this article: This study provides a theoretical support of optimizing exosome production. It advances the yield of mesenchymal stem cell exosome and facilitate the clinical application to repair of osteochondral damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Gejun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
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Kim KH, Im HW, Karmacharya MB, Kim S, Min BH, Park SR, Choi BH. Low-intensity ultrasound attenuates paw edema formation and decreases vascular permeability induced by carrageenan injection in rats. J Inflamm (Lond) 2020; 17:7. [PMID: 32082083 PMCID: PMC7020343 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-020-0235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Therapeutic potential of low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) has become evident in various musculoskeletal diseases. We have previously shown that LIUS has an inhibitory effect on local edema in various diseases including the arthritis and brain injury. In this study, we examined whether LIUS can attenuate paw edema formation vis-à-vis vascular permeability and inflammation in rats induced by carrageenan. LIUS with a frequency of 1 MHz and the intensities of 50, 100, or 200 mW/cm2 were exposed on rat paws for 10 min immediately after carrageenan injection. Results Carrageenan injection induced paw edema which was peaked at 6 h and gradually decreased nearly to the initial baseline value after 72 h. LIUS showed a significant reduction of paw edema formation at 2 and 6 h at all intensities tested. The highest reduction was observed at the intensity of 50 mW/cm2. Histological analyses confirmed that LIUS clearly decreased the carrageenan-induced swelling of interstitial space under the paw skin and infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Moreover, Evans Blue extravasation analyses exhibited a significant decreases of vascular permeability by LIUS. Finally, immunohistochemical staining showed that expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, namely, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induced by carrageenan injection was reduced back to the normal level after LIUS stimulation. Conclusions These results provide a new supporting evidence for LIUS as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of edema in inflammatory diseases such as cellulitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kil Hwan Kim
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Woo Im
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212 Republic of Korea
| | - Mrigendra Bir Karmacharya
- 3Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Sejong Kim
- 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212 Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Ra Park
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hyune Choi
- 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212 Republic of Korea
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Shin JH, Fan Y, Kim DH, Jang HB, Chang S, Ryu Y, Bae JH, Lee S, Lee BH, Steffensen SC, Yang CH, Kim HY. Paired mechanical and electrical acupuncture of neurogenic spots induces opioid-mediated suppression of hypertension in rats. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:14. [PMID: 32039692 PMCID: PMC7005077 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While our recent studies have suggested that effective acupoints display neurogenic inflammation and can be identified as neurogenic spots (Neuro-Sps), the optimal stimulation conditions and the underlying mechanisms remain uncharacterized. We developed a combined mechano-electrical acupuncture device (MEA) and examined the effects of acupuncture at Neuro-Sps on systolic blood pressure (BP) in a rat model of immobilization-induced hypertension (IMH) and the mediation of endogenous opioid systems in its effect. Cutaneous neurogenic spots were found mostly in the forelimb. Electrical and mechanical acupuncture of Neuro-Sps increased 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), c-Fos expression and cell excitability in the midbrain and synergistically alleviated the development of hypertension following immobilization stress, which was prevented by administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM). These findings suggest that mechanical and electrical stimulation at Neuro-Sps suppresses the development of hypertension via mediation of the endogenous opioid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Jong Han Bae
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbukdo, 38541, South Korea
| | - Sanghag Lee
- TriBell Lab, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbukdo, 38541, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea.
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Abstract
Post-natal bone development is characterized by substantial longitudinal bone growth and changes in skeletal size and shape. Bone is in a dynamic process of continuous remodeling which helps to regulate calcium homeostasis, repair micro-damage to bones from everyday stress, and to shape the skeleton during growth. Bone growth is regulated by systemic hormones and locally generated factors. Understanding their mechanisms of action enables us to obtain a better appreciation of the cellular and molecular basis of bone remodeling and could therefore be valuable in approaches to new therapies. This article will review molecular and cellular control of skeletal growth in the post-natal period, the physiology of each bone cell with their systemic and local regulators, as well as the physiology of bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Ali El-Farrash
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassya Square, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Radwa Hassan Ali
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassya Square, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Noha Mokhtar Barakat
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassya Square, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
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Watanabe N, Morimatsu M, Fujita A, Teranishi M, Sudevan S, Watanabe M, Iwasa H, Hata Y, Kagi H, Nishiyama M, Naruse K, Higashitani A. Increased hydrostatic pressure induces nuclear translocation of DAF-16/FOXO in C. elegans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 523:853-858. [PMID: 31954516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stimulation is well known to be important for maintaining tissue and organ homeostasis. Here, we found that hydrostatic pressure induced nuclear translocation of a forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factor DAF-16, in C. elegans within minutes, whereas the removal of this pressure resulted in immediate export of DAF-16 to the cytoplasm. We also monitored DAF-16-dependent transcriptional changes by exposure to 1 MPa pressure for 5 min, and found significant changes in collagen and other genes in a DAF-16 dependent manner. Lifespan was markedly prolonged with exposure to cyclic pressure treatment (1 MPa once a day for 5 min from L1 larvae until death). Furthermore, age-dependent decline in locomotor activity was suppressed by the treatment. In contrast, the nuclear translocation of the yes-associated protein YAP-1 was not induced under the same pressure conditions. Thus, moderate hydrostatic pressure improves ageing progression through activation of DAF-16/FOXO in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoshi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan; Faculty of Education, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, 980-0845, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Morimatsu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Ayano Fujita
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mika Teranishi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Surabhi Sudevan
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Masaru Watanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan; Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iwasa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hata
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagi
- Geochemical Research Center, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nishiyama
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Keiji Naruse
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Higashitani
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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Rosenberg N, Rosenberg O. Safety and efficacy of in vitro generated bone-like material for in vivo bone regeneration - a feasibility study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03191. [PMID: 31970302 PMCID: PMC6965738 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-like viable tissue can be generated in vitro by utilizing a combination of inorganic matrix, osteoblasts, osteogenic media and application of adequate mechanical stimulation of the cells. To pursue the proof that the in vitro generated bone-like tissue (BLT) is capable of bridging a critical bone gap in vivo without adverse effects, the in vitro cytotoxicity method (MTT) and murine in vivo model were implemented, by implanting the BLT into calvaria critical bone gap in rats. The endpoints for the evaluation of this concept were histological and radiographic data which should show the effectiveness of this method. We found that there was no cytotoxic effect of the BLT according to the MTT assay and no carcinogenic or other morbid effects of the BLT in vivo (mice experiment, n = 10) The critical gaps in BLT -implanted animals (experimental model with rats) demonstrated full bridging of the calvaria critical bone gap with vascularized woven bone (n = 3) as opposed to animals treated with vehicle material (n = 3), which maintained an open gap without any visible closure, according to gross examination, X-ray imaging and histological analysis. The newly formed bone tissue was characterized by pronounced presence of bone marrow regions and newly formed host blood vessels, a strong indication for functional osseointegration. Therefore, the in vitro generated BLT, which causes bone regeneration in critical gaps, has the translational potential to bridge bone non-union defects, without harmful systemic or cytotoxic effects. These initial feasibility results indicate a high safety profile following in vivo implantation of BLT and its potential clinical ability to be used as autologous bone graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahum Rosenberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - IIT, Israel.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Lambers H, Segeroth M, Albers F, Wachsmuth L, van Alst TM, Faber C. A cortical rat hemodynamic response function for improved detection of BOLD activation under common experimental conditions. Neuroimage 2019; 208:116446. [PMID: 31846759 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
For a reliable estimation of neuronal activation based on BOLD fMRI measurements an accurate model of the hemodynamic response is essential. Since a large part of basic neuroscience research is based on small animal data, it is necessary to characterize a hemodynamic response function (HRF) which is optimized for small animals. Therefore, we have determined and investigated the HRFs of rats obtained under a variety of experimental conditions in the primary somatosensory cortex. Measurements were performed on animals of different sex and strain, under different anesthetics, with and without ventilation and using different stimulation modalities. All modalities of stimulation used in this study induced neuronal activity in the primary somatosensory cortex or in subcortical regions. Since the HRFs of the BOLD responses in the primary somatosensory cortex showed a close concordance for the different conditions, we were able to determine a cortical rat HRF. This HRF is based on 143 BOLD measurements of 76 rats and can be used for statistical parametric mapping. It showed substantially faster progression than the human HRF, with a maximum after 2.8 ± 0.8 s, and a following undershoot after 6.1 ± 3.7 s. If the rat HRF was used statistical analysis of rat data showed a significantly improved detection performance in the somatosensory cortex in comparison to the commonly used HRF based on measurements in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Lambers
- Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Martin Segeroth
- Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Franziska Albers
- Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Lydia Wachsmuth
- Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Timo Mauritz van Alst
- Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC), Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, D-48149, Germany.
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