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Ventura GC, Dyshliuk N, Dmytriyeva O, Nordsten MJB, Haugaard MM, Christiansen LI, Thymann T, Sangild PT, Pankratova S. Enteral plasma supports brain repair in newborn pigs after birth asphyxia. Brain Behav Immun 2024:S0889-1591(24)00380-5. [PMID: 38677626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Newborns exposed to birth asphyxia transiently experience deficient blood flow and a lack of oxygen, potentially inducing hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy and subsequent neurological damage. Immunomodulatory components in plasma may dampen these responses. Using caesarean-delivered pigs as a model, we hypothesized that dietary plasma supplementation improves brain outcomes in pigs exposed to birth asphyxia. Mild birth asphyxia was induced by temporary occlusion of the umbilical cord prior to caesarean delivery. Motor development was assessed in asphyxiated (ASP) and control (CON) piglets using neonatal arousal, physical activity and gait test parameters before euthanasia on Day 4. The ASP pigs exhibited increased plasma lactate at birth, deficient motor skills and increased glial fibrillary acidic protein levels in CSF and astrogliosis in the putamen. The expression of genes related to oxidative stress, inflammation and synaptic functions was transiently altered in the motor cortex and caudate nucleus. The number of apoptotic cells among CTIP2-positive neurons in the motor cortex and striatal medium spiny neurons was increased, and maturation of preoligodendrocytes in the internal capsule was delayed. Plasma supplementation improved gait performance in the beam test, attenuated neuronal apoptosis and affected gene expression related to neuroinflammation, neurotransmission and antioxidants (motor cortex, caudate). We present a new clinically relevant animal model of moderate birth asphyxia inducing structural and functional brain damage. The components in plasma that support brain repair remain to be identified but may represent a therapeutic potential for infants and animals after birth asphyxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Chavarria Ventura
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadiya Dyshliuk
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Dmytriyeva
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Jacob Bagi Nordsten
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Mathilde Haugaard
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Iadsatian Christiansen
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Thymann
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Torp Sangild
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Solana P, Escámez O, Casasanto D, Chica AB, Santiago J. No support for a causal role of primary motor cortex in construing meaning from language: An rTMS study. Neuropsychologia 2024; 196:108832. [PMID: 38395339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Embodied cognition theories predict a functional involvement of sensorimotor processes in language understanding. In a preregistered experiment, we tested this idea by investigating whether interfering with primary motor cortex (M1) activation can change how people construe meaning from action language. Participants were presented with sentences describing actions (e.g., "turning off the light") and asked to choose between two interpretations of their meaning, one more concrete (e.g., "flipping a switch") and another more abstract (e.g., "going to sleep"). Prior to this task, participants' M1 was disrupted using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). The results yielded strong evidence against the idea that M1-rTMS affects meaning construction (BF01 > 30). Additional analyses and control experiments suggest that the absence of effect cannot be accounted for by failure to inhibit M1, lack of construct validity of the task, or lack of power to detect a small effect. In sum, these results do not support a causal role for primary motor cortex in building meaning from action language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Solana
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - Omar Escámez
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ana B Chica
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Santiago
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Spain
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Zinos A, Wagner JC, Beardsley SA, Chen WL, Conant L, Malloy M, Heffernan J, Quirk B, Prost R, Maheshwari M, Sugar J, Whelan HT. Spatial correspondence of cortical activity measured with whole head fNIRS and fMRI: Toward clinical use within subject. Neuroimage 2024; 290:120569. [PMID: 38461959 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) both measure the hemodynamic response, and so both imaging modalities are expected to have a strong correspondence in regions of cortex adjacent to the scalp. To assess whether fNIRS can be used clinically in a manner similar to fMRI, 22 healthy adult participants underwent same-day fMRI and whole-head fNIRS testing while they performed separate motor (finger tapping) and visual (flashing checkerboard) tasks. Analyses were conducted within and across subjects for each imaging approach, and regions of significant task-related activity were compared on the cortical surface. The spatial correspondence between fNIRS and fMRI detection of task-related activity was good in terms of true positive rate, with fNIRS overlap of up to 68 % of the fMRI for analyses across subjects (group analysis) and an average overlap of up to 47.25 % for individual analyses within subject. At the group level, the positive predictive value of fNIRS was 51 % relative to fMRI. The positive predictive value for within subject analyses was lower (41.5 %), reflecting the presence of significant fNIRS activity in regions without significant fMRI activity. This could reflect task-correlated sources of physiologic noise and/or differences in the sensitivity of fNIRS and fMRI measures to changes in separate (vs. combined) measures of oxy and de-oxyhemoglobin. The results suggest whole-head fNIRS as a noninvasive imaging modality with promising clinical utility for the functional assessment of brain activity in superficial regions of cortex physically adjacent to the skull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Zinos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Julie C Wagner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Scott A Beardsley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Lisa Conant
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Marsha Malloy
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Joseph Heffernan
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brendan Quirk
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Robert Prost
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Mohit Maheshwari
- Department of Radiology, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey Sugar
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Harry T Whelan
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Gauer C, Battis K, Schneider Y, Florio JB, Mante M, Kim HY, Rissman RA, Hoffmann A, Winkler J. CSF1R-mediated myeloid cell depletion shifts the ratio of motor cortical excitatory to inhibitory neurons in a multiple system atrophy model. Exp Neurol 2024; 374:114706. [PMID: 38311020 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Motor cortical circuit functions depend on the coordinated fine-tuning of two functionally diverse neuronal populations: glutamatergic pyramidal neurons providing synaptic excitation and GABAergic interneurons adjusting the response of pyramidal neurons through synaptic inhibition. Microglia are brain resident macrophages which dynamically refine cortical circuits by monitoring perineuronal extracellular matrix and remodelling synapses. Previously, we showed that colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)-mediated myeloid cell depletion extended the lifespan, but impaired motor functions of MBP29 mice, a mouse model for multiple system atrophy. In order to better understand the mechanisms underlying these motor deficits we characterized the microglial involvement in the cortical balance of GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic pyramidal neurons in 4-months-old MBP29 mice following CSF1R inhibition for 12 weeks. Lack of myeloid cells resulted in a decreased number of COUP TF1 interacting protein 2-positive (CTIP2+) layer V pyramidal neurons, however in a proportional increase of calretinin-positive GABAergic interneurons in MBP29 mice. While myeloid cell depletion did not alter the expression of important presynaptic and postsynaptic proteins, the loss of cortical perineuronal net area was attenuated by CSF1R inhibition in MBP29 mice. These cortical changes may restrict synaptic plasticity and potentially modify parvalbumin-positive perisomatic input. Collectively, this study suggests, that the lack of myeloid cells shifts the neuronal balance toward an increased inhibitory connectivity in the motor cortex of MBP29 mice thereby potentially deteriorating motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gauer
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Battis
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Y Schneider
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J B Florio
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - M Mante
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - H Y Kim
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - R A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - A Hoffmann
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; UK Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Barlo Multiple Sclerosis Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - J Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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Lefaucheur JP, Nguyen JP, Delmas A, Croci S, Bredoux L, Hodaj H. Targeting Lower Limb, Upper Limb, and Face Representation in the Primary Motor Cortex for the Practice of Neuronavigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Neuromodulation 2024; 27:572-583. [PMID: 37212759 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.04.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary motor cortex (M1) is a usual target for therapeutic application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), especially the region of hand motor representation. However, other M1 regions can be considered as potential rTMS targets, such as the region of lower limb or face representation. In this study, we assessed the localization of all these regions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the aim of defining three standardized M1 targets for the practice of neuronavigated rTMS. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pointing task of these targets was performed by three rTMS experts on 44 healthy brain MRI data to assess interrater reliability (including the calculation of intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] and coefficients of variation [CoVs] and the construction of Bland-Altman plots). In addition, two "standard" brain MRI data were randomly interspersed with the other MRI data to assess intrarater reliability. A barycenter was calculated for each target (with x-y-z coordinates provided in normalized brain coordinate systems), in addition to the geodesic distance between the scalp projection of the barycenters of these different targets. RESULTS Intrarater and interrater agreement was good, according to ICCs, CoVs, or Bland-Altman plots, although interrater variability was greater for anteroposterior (y) and craniocaudal (z) coordinates, especially for the face target. The scalp projection of the barycenters between the different cortical targets ranged from 32.4 to 35.5 mm for either the lower-limb-to-upper-limb target distance or the upper-limb-to-face target distance. CONCLUSIONS This work clearly delineates three different targets for the application of motor cortex rTMS that correspond to lower limb, upper limb, and face motor representations. These three targets are sufficiently spaced to consider that their stimulation can act on distinct neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur
- Clinical Neurophysiology Department, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Créteil, France; ENT team (UR/EA-4391), Faculty of Health, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France.
| | | | | | | | | | - Hasan Hodaj
- Pain Center, Anesthesiology-Critical Care Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France; Inserm U1216, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
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6
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Shah M, Suresh S, Paddick J, Mellow ML, Rees A, Berryman C, Stanton TR, Smith AE. Age-related changes in responsiveness to non-invasive brain stimulation neuroplasticity paradigms: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 162:53-67. [PMID: 38579515 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to summarise and critically appraise the available evidence for the effect of age on responsiveness to non-invasive brain stimulation (NBS) paradigms delivered to the primary motor cortex. METHODS Four databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Scopus) were searched from inception to February 7, 2023. Studies investigating age group comparisons and associations between age and neuroplasticity induction from NBS paradigms were included. Only studies delivering neuroplasticity paradigms to the primary motor cortex and responses measured via motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in healthy adults were considered. RESULTS 39 studies, encompassing 40 experiments and eight NBS paradigms were included: paired associative stimulation (PAS; n = 12), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS; n = 2), intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS; n = 8), continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS; n = 7), transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation ((tDCS; n = 7; tACS; n = 2)), quadripulse stimulation (QPS; n = 1) and i-wave periodic transcranial magnetic stimulation (iTMS; n = 1). Pooled findings from PAS paradigms suggested older adults have reduced post-paradigm responses, although there was considerable heterogeneity. Mixed results were observed across all other NBS paradigms and post-paradigm timepoints. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Whilst age-dependent reduction in corticospinal excitability is possible, there is extensive inter- and intra-individual variability both within and between studies, making it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions from pooled analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Shah
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA) Research Centre, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Suraj Suresh
- Brain Stimulation, Imaging and Cognition Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Johanna Paddick
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA) Research Centre, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; Persistent Pain Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)
| | - Maddison L Mellow
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA) Research Centre, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Amy Rees
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Biomedicine. The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Carolyn Berryman
- Brain Stimulation, Imaging and Cognition Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5000, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Tce, Adelaide 5000, Australia; IIMPACT in Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Tasha R Stanton
- Persistent Pain Research Group, Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI); IIMPACT in Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Ashleigh E Smith
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA) Research Centre, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia.
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Ulanov M, Kopytin G, Bermúdez-Margaretto B, Ntoumanis I, Gorin A, Moiseenko O, Blagovechtchenski E, Moiseeva V, Shestakova A, Jääskeläinen I, Shtyrov Y. Regionally specific cortical lateralization of abstract and concrete verb processing: Magnetic mismatch negativity study. Neuropsychologia 2024; 195:108800. [PMID: 38246413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The neural underpinnings of processing concrete and abstract semantics remain poorly understood. Previous fMRI studies have shown that multimodal and amodal neural networks respond differentially to different semantic types; importantly, abstract semantics activates more left-lateralized networks, as opposed to more bilateral activity for concrete words. Due to the lack of temporal resolution, these fMRI results do not allow to easily separate language- and task-specific brain responses and to disentangle early processing stages from later post-comprehension phenomena. To tackle this, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG), a time-resolved neuroimaging technique, in combination with a task-free oddball mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm, an established approach to tracking early automatic activation of word-specific memory traces in the brain. We recorded the magnetic MMN responses in 30 healthy adults to auditorily presented abstract and concrete action verbs to assess lateralization of word-specific lexico-semantic processing in a set of neocortical areas. We found that MMN responses to these stimuli showed different lateralization patterns of activity in the upper limb motor area (BA4) and parts of Broca's area (BA45/BA47) within ∼100-350 ms after the word disambiguation point. Importantly, the greater leftward response lateralization for abstract semantics was due to the lesser involvement of the right-hemispheric homologues, not increased left-hemispheric activity. These findings suggest differential region-specific involvement of bilateral sensorimotor systems already in the early automatic stages of processing abstract and concrete action semantics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Ulanov
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Grigory Kopytin
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia
| | - Beatriz Bermúdez-Margaretto
- Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Básica, Psicobiología y Metodología de Las Ciencias Del Comportamiento, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Integración en La Comunidad - INICO, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ioannis Ntoumanis
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksei Gorin
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olesya Moiseenko
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Victoria Moiseeva
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Shestakova
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia
| | - Iiro Jääskeläinen
- HSE University, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury Shtyrov
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Daoud M, Durelle C, Fierain A, N EY, Wendling F, Ruffini G, Benquet P, Bartolomei F. Long-term Effect of Multichannel tDCS Protocol in Patients with Central Cortex Epilepsies Associated with Epilepsia Partialis Continua. Brain Topogr 2024:10.1007/s10548-024-01045-3. [PMID: 38446345 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare type of focal motor status epilepticus that causes continuous muscle jerking in a specific part of the body. Experiencing this type of seizure, along with other seizure types, such as focal motor seizures and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, can result in a disabling situation. Non-invasive brain stimulation methods like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) show promise in reducing seizure frequency (SF) when medications are ineffective. However, research on tDCS for EPC and related seizures is limited. We evaluated personalized multichannel tDCS in drug-resistant EPC of diverse etiologies for long-term clinical efficacy We report three EPC patients undergoing a long-term protocol of multichannel tDCS. The patients received several cycles (11, 9, and 3) of five consecutive days of stimulation at 2 mA for 2 × 20 min, targeting the epileptogenic zone (EZ), including the central motor cortex with cathodal electrodes. The primary measurement was SF changes. In three cases, EPC was due to Rasmussen's Encephalitis (case 1), focal cortical dysplasia (case 2), or remained unknown (case 3). tDCS cycles were administered over 6 to 22 months. The outcomes comprised a reduction of at least 75% in seizure frequency for two patients, and in one case, a complete cessation of severe motor seizures. However, tDCS had no substantial impact on the continuous myoclonus characterizing EPC. No serious side effects were reported. Long-term application of tDCS cycles is well tolerated and can lead to a considerable reduction in disabling seizures in patients with various forms of epilepsy with EPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Daoud
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM U1106, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - C Durelle
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - A Fierain
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - El Youssef N
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - F Wendling
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - G Ruffini
- Neuroelectrics Barcelona, Av. Tibidabo 47 bis, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - P Benquet
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - F Bartolomei
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM U1106, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France.
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France.
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Di L, Tiefenbach J, McCarthy DJ, Sedighim S, Dagal A, Blandino CF, Luther EM, Lu VM, Ivan ME, Komotar RJ, Eichberg DG, Shah AH. The Utility of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring in Predicting Postoperative Supplementary Motor Area Syndrome and Motor Function Recovery. World Neurosurg 2024; 183:e892-e899. [PMID: 38237803 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative hemiparesis following frontal lobe lesion resection is alarming, and predicting motor function recovery is challenging. Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome following resection of frontal lobe lesions is often indistinguishable from postoperative motor deficit due to surgical injury of motor tracts. We aimed to describe the use of intraoperative transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) with motor evoked potential monitoring data as a diagnostic tool to distinguish between SMA syndrome and permanent motor deficit (PMD). METHODS A retrospective analysis of 235 patients undergoing craniotomy and resection with TES-MEP monitoring for a frontal lobe lesion was performed. Patients who developed immediate postoperative motor deficit were included. Motor deficit and TES-MEP findings were categorized by muscle group as left upper extremity, left lower extremity, right upper extremity, or right lower extremity. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the predictive value of stable TES-MEP for SMA syndrome versus PMD. RESULTS This study included 20 patients comprising 29 cases of immediate postoperative motor deficit by muscle group. Of these, 27 cases resolved and were diagnosed as SMA syndrome, and 2 cases progressed to PMD. TES-MEP stability was significantly associated with diagnosis of SMA syndrome (P = 0.015). TES-MEP showed excellent diagnostic utility with a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 100% and 92.6%, respectively. Negative predictive value was 100%. CONCLUSIONS Temporary SMA syndrome is difficult to distinguish from PMD immediately postoperatively. TES-MEP may be a useful intraoperative adjunct that may aid in distinguishing SMA syndrome from PMD secondary to surgical injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Di
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jakov Tiefenbach
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
| | - David J McCarthy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shaina Sedighim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Arman Dagal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Carlos F Blandino
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Evan M Luther
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Victor M Lu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michael E Ivan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ricardo J Komotar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel G Eichberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ashish H Shah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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10
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Mir A, AlBaradie R, Bashir S. Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation to measure motor evoked potentials in a child with hemispheric polymicrogyria and focal epilepsy. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:957-960. [PMID: 37943342 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Malformations of cortical development such as polymicrogyria can cause medically refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy surgery (hemispherotomy) can be a good treatment option. In recent years, navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS), a noninvasive brain mapping technique, has been used to localize the eloquent cortex for presurgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy. In the present case study, neurophysiological markers of the primary motor cortex (M1), including resting motor threshold (rMT), motor evoked potentials (MEPs), and silent period (SP), were assessed in both hands of a right-handed 10-year-old girl with a history of epilepsy and right hemispheric polymicrogyria. Bilateral MEPs with short latencies were elicited from the contralesional side. The average MEP amplitude and the latency for the patient's paretic and non-paretic hands differed significantly. We conclude that nTMS is a safe and tolerable procedure that can be used for presurgical evaluation in children with intractable epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mir
- Pediatric neurology Department, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, P.O. Box 15215, Dammam, 31444, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raidah AlBaradie
- Pediatric neurology Department, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, P.O. Box 15215, Dammam, 31444, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Pediatric neurology Department, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, P.O. Box 15215, Dammam, 31444, Saudi Arabia.
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11
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Spooner RK, Taylor BK, Ahmad IM, Dyball K, Emanuel K, O'Neill J, Kubat M, Fox HS, Bares SH, Stauch KL, Zimmerman MC, Wilson TW. Clinical markers of HIV predict redox-regulated neural and behavioral function in the sensorimotor system. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:322-329. [PMID: 38142954 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Even in the modern era of combination antiretroviral therapy, aberrations in motor control remain a predominant symptom contributing to age-related functional dependencies (e.g., neurocognitive impairment) in people with HIV (PWH). While recent evidence implicates aberrant mitochondrial redox environments in the modulation of neural oscillatory activity serving motor control in PWH, the contribution of important clinical and demographic factors on this bioenergetic-neural-behavioral pathway is unknown. Herein, we evaluate the predictive capacity of clinical metrics pertinent to HIV (e.g., CD4 nadir, time with viremia) and age on mitochondrial redox-regulated sensorimotor brain-behavior dynamics in 69 virally-suppressed PWH. We used state-of-the-art systems biology and neuroscience approaches, including Seahorse analyzer of mitochondrial energetics, EPR spectroscopy of intracellular oxidant levels, antioxidant activity assays pertinent to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) redox environments, and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) imaging to quantify sensorimotor oscillatory dynamics. Our results demonstrate differential effects of redox systems on the neural dynamics serving motor function in PWH. In addition, measures of immune stability and duration of compromise due to HIV had dissociable effects on this pathway, above and beyond the effects of age alone. Moreover, peripheral measures of antioxidant activity (i.e., superoxide dismutase) fully mediated the relationship between immune stability and current behavioral performance, indicative of persistent oxidative environments serving motor control in the presence of virologic suppression. Taken together, our data suggest that disease-related factors, in particular, are stronger predictors of current redox, neural and behavioral profiles serving motor function, which may serve as effective targets for alleviating HIV-specific alterations in cognitive-motor function in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Spooner
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Brittany K Taylor
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Iman M Ahmad
- College of Allied Health Professions, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelsey Dyball
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Katy Emanuel
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jennifer O'Neill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maureen Kubat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sara H Bares
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelly L Stauch
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
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12
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Christova M, Sylwester V, Gallasch E, Fresnoza S. Reduced Cerebellar Brain Inhibition and Vibrotactile Perception in Response to Mechanical Hand Stimulation at Flutter Frequency. Cerebellum 2024; 23:67-81. [PMID: 36502502 PMCID: PMC10864223 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum is traditionally considered a movement control structure because of its established afferent and efferent anatomical and functional connections with the motor cortex. In the last decade, studies also proposed its involvement in perception, particularly somatosensory acquisition and prediction of the sensory consequences of movement. However, compared to its role in motor control, the cerebellum's specific role or modulatory influence on other brain areas involved in sensory perception, specifically the primary sensorimotor cortex, is less clear. In the present study, we explored whether peripherally applied vibrotactile stimuli at flutter frequency affect functional cerebello-cortical connections. In 17 healthy volunteers, changes in cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI) and vibration perception threshold (VPT) were measured before and after a 20-min right hand mechanical stimulation at 25 Hz. 5 Hz mechanical stimulation of the right foot served as an active control condition. Performance in a Grooved Pegboard test (GPT) was also measured to assess stimulation's impact on motor performance. Hand stimulation caused a reduction in CBI (13.16%) and increased VPT but had no specific effect on GPT performance, while foot stimulation had no significant effect on all measures. The result added evidence to the functional connections between the cerebellum and primary motor cortex, as shown by CBI reduction. Meanwhile, the parallel increase in VPT indirectly suggests that the cerebellum influences the processing of vibrotactile stimulus through motor-sensory interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Christova
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Physiology Section, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/D05, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Institute of Physiotherapy, University of Applied Sciences FH-Joanneum, Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Eugen Gallasch
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Physiology Section, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/D05, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Shane Fresnoza
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
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13
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Simis M, Marques LM, Barbosa SP, Sugawara AT, Sato JR, Pacheco-Barrios K, Battistella LR, Fregni F. Distinct patterns of metabolic motor cortex activity for phantom and residual limb pain in people with amputations: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Neurophysiol Clin 2024; 54:102939. [PMID: 38382136 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phantom pain limb (PLP) has gained more attention due to the large number of people with amputations around the world and growing knowledge of the pain process, although its mechanisms are not completely understood. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to understand, in patients with amputations, the association between PLP and residual limb pain (RLP), and the brain metabolic response in cortical motor circuits, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS Sixty participants were recruited from the rehabilitation program in São Paulo, Brazil. Included patients were aged over 18 years, with traumatic unilateral lower-limb amputation, with PLP for at least 3 months after full recovery from amputation surgery. PLP and RLP levels were measured using visual analogue scales. fNIRS was performed during motor execution and motor mirror tasks for 20 s. In order to highlight possible variables related to variation in pain measures, univariate linear regression analyses were performed for both experimental conditions, resulting in four fNIRS variables (two hemispheres x two experimental conditions). Later, in order to test the topographic specificity of the models, eight multivariate regression analyses were performed (two pain scales x two experimental conditions x two hemispheres), including the primary motor cortex (PMC) related channel as an independent variable as well as five other channels related to the premotor area, supplementary area, and somatosensory cortex. All models were controlled for age, sex, ethnicity, and education. RESULTS We found that: i) there is an asymmetric metabolic activation during motor execution and mirror task between hemispheres (with a predominance that is ipsilateral to the amputated limb), ii) increased metabolic response in the PMC ipsilateral to the amputation is associated with increased PLP (during both experimental tasks), while increased metabolic response in the contralateral PMC is associated with increased RLP (during the mirror motor task only); ii) increased metabolic activity of the ipsilateral premotor region is associated with increased PLP during the motor mirror task; iii) RLP was only associated with higher metabolic activity in the contralateral PMC and lower metabolic activity in the ipsilateral inferior frontal region during motor mirror task, but PLP was associated with higher metabolic activity during both tasks. CONCLUSION These results suggest there is both task and region specificity for the association between the brain metabolic response and the two different types of post-amputation pain. The metabolic predominance that is ipsilateral to the amputated limb during both tasks was associated with higher levels of PLP, suggesting a cortical motor network activity imbalance due to potential interhemispheric compensatory mechanisms. The present work contributes to the understanding of the underlying topographical patterns in the motor-related circuits associated with pain after amputations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Simis
- Instituto de Medicina Fisica e Reabilitacao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil; Departamento de Medicina Legal, Bioética, Medicina do Trabalho e Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lucas Murrins Marques
- Instituto de Medicina Fisica e Reabilitacao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Sara Pinto Barbosa
- Instituto de Medicina Fisica e Reabilitacao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - André Tadeu Sugawara
- Instituto de Medicina Fisica e Reabilitacao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Interdisciplinary Unit for Applied Neuroscience (NINA), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil; Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (CMCC), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Kevin Pacheco-Barrios
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Lima, Peru; Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Linamara Rizzo Battistella
- Instituto de Medicina Fisica e Reabilitacao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil; Departamento de Medicina Legal, Bioética, Medicina do Trabalho e Medicina Física e Reabilitação, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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14
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Kassavetis P, Camacho T, Levine M, Hallett M. Modulation of motor surround inhibition during motor tasks. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:367-374. [PMID: 38117303 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Surround inhibition (SI) in the motor system is important in individuation of actions, but is sometimes difficult to demonstrate. It has also not been evaluated in real life tasks. In this study, we use real life tasks and a new method where excitability of the surround muscle is assessed with respect to its current activity level rather than when it is at rest. Motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes were measured in the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle while participants performed several motor tasks: "writing" on paper, "holding a pen" precisely and, "holding a water bottle" against gravity. These MEPs were compared to ADM MEPs amplitudes measured during a fifth finger abduction (ADM being the center muscle). SI was also measured in the traditional way, by comparing ADM MEPs during an index finger flexion and at rest. For the "writing" and "holding a pen" tasks, but not the "holding bottle" task, the MEP amplitudes were significantly smaller when compared to MEP amplitudes when the ADM was the center muscle with the same level of activation. The ADM MEP amplitudes were not different between rest and during index finger flexion. The new method employed here shows, that motor SI can be measured during tonic movements. The findings also show motor SI during two real-life motor tasks: "writing" and "holding a pen". The lack of modulation of MEP amplitude during "holding bottle" task seems to indicate that SI is action specific rather than muscle specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Kassavetis
- National Institutes of Health, NINDS, Human Motor Control Section, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Imaging and Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, 729 Arapeen Dr, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
| | - Terance Camacho
- National Institutes of Health, NINDS, Human Motor Control Section, Bethesda, MD, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Levine
- National Institutes of Health, NINDS, Human Motor Control Section, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Hallett
- National Institutes of Health, NINDS, Human Motor Control Section, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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Doganci N, Yahia Coll S, Marti E, Ptak R. Anatomical predictors of mental rotation with bodily and non-bodily stimuli: A lesion-symptom study. Neuropsychologia 2024; 193:108775. [PMID: 38135209 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Mental rotation (MR) is widely regarded as a quintessential example of an embodied cognitive process. This viewpoint stems from the functional parallels between MR and the physical rotation of tangible objects, as well as participants' inclination to employ motor-based strategies when tackling MR tasks involving bodily stimuli. These commonalities imply that MR may depend on brain regions crucial for the planning and execution of motor programs. However, there is disagreement regarding the anatomy of MR between findings from functional imaging and lesion studies involving brain-injured patients. The former indicate the involvement of the right-hemispheric parietal cortex, while the latter underscore the significance of posterior areas in the left hemisphere. In this study, we aimed to discern the neural underpinnings of MR using lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) for both bodily (hands) and non-bodily (letters) stimuli. Behavioral results from the two MR tasks revealed impaired MR of bodily stimuli in patients with left hemisphere damage. LSM results pinpointed the left primary motor and somatosensory cortices, along with the superior parietal lobule, as the anatomical substrates of MR for both bodily and non-bodily stimuli. Furthermore, damage to the left angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, supplementary motor area, and retrosplenial cortex was associated with MR of non-bodily stimuli. These findings support the causal involvement of the left hemisphere in MR and underscore the existence of a common anatomical substrate in brain regions pertinent to motor planning and execution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naz Doganci
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Sélim Yahia Coll
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Marti
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Radek Ptak
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Neurorehabilitation, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
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16
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Coupeau P, Démas J, Fasquel JB, Hertz-Pannier L, Chabrier S, Dinomais M. Hand function after neonatal stroke: A graph model based on basal ganglia and thalami structure. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 41:103568. [PMID: 38277807 PMCID: PMC10832504 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS) is a common model to study the impact of a unilateral early brain insult on developmental brain plasticity and the appearance of long-term outcomes. Motor difficulties that may arise are typically related to poor function of the affected (contra-lesioned) hand, but surprisingly also of the ipsilesional hand. Although many longitudinal studies after NAIS have shown that predicting the occurrence of gross motor difficulties is easier, accurately predicting hand motor function (for both hands) from morphometric MRI remains complicated. The hypothesis of an association between the structural organization of the basal ganglia (BG) and thalamus with hand motor function seems intuitive given their key role in sensorimotor function. Neuroimaging studies have frequently investigated these structures to evaluate the correlation between their volumes and motor function following early brain injury. However, the results have been controversial. We hypothesize the involvement of other structural parameters. METHOD The study involves 35 children (mean age 7.3 years, SD 0.4) with middle cerebral artery NAIS who underwent a structural T1-weighted 3D MRI and clinical examination to assess manual dexterity using the Box and Blocks Test (BBT). Graphs are used to represent high-level structural information of the BG and thalami (volumes, elongations, distances) measured from the MRI. A graph neural network (GNN) is proposed to predict children's hand motor function through a graph regression. To reduce the impact of external factors on motor function (such as behavior and cognition), we calculate a BBT score ratio for each child and hand. RESULTS The results indicate a significant correlation between the score ratios predicted by our method and the actual score ratios of both hands (p < 0.05), together with a relatively high accuracy of prediction (mean L1 distance < 0.03). The structural information seems to have a different influence on each hand's motor function. The affected hand's motor function is more correlated with the volume, while the 'unaffected' hand function is more correlated with the elongation of the structures. Experiments emphasize the importance of considering the whole macrostructural organization of the basal ganglia and thalami networks, rather than the volume alone, to predict hand motor function. CONCLUSION There is a significant correlation between the structural characteristics of the basal ganglia/thalami and motor function in both hands. These results support the use of MRI macrostructural features of the basal ganglia and thalamus as an early biomarker for predicting motor function in both hands after early brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patty Coupeau
- Université d'Angers, LARIS, SFR MATHSTIC, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Josselin Démas
- Université d'Angers, LARIS, SFR MATHSTIC, F-49000 Angers, France; Instituts de Formation, CH Laval, France
| | | | - Lucie Hertz-Pannier
- UNIACT/Neurospin/JOLIOT/DRF/CEA-Saclay, and U1141 NeuroDiderot/Inserm, CEA, Paris University, France
| | - Stéphane Chabrier
- French Centre for Pediatric Stroke, Pediatric Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, France
| | - Mickael Dinomais
- Université d'Angers, LARIS, SFR MATHSTIC, F-49000 Angers, France; Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital, CHU Angers, France
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17
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Wong Zhang DE, Zhang SR, Kim HA, Sobey CG, De Silva TM. The Photothrombotic Model of Ischemic Stroke. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2746:225-235. [PMID: 38070093 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3585-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of morbidity worldwide; yet, there is a lack of treatment options to address post-stroke cognitive and motor impairment, thus there is an urgency for developing neuroprotective and restorative therapies. Much of our fundamental understanding of stroke pathology has been derived from animal models. The photothrombotic model of ischemic stroke is commonly used to study cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration, test functional/cognitive outcomes, identify important biomarkers, and assess the effectiveness of novel therapies. It allows for the precise targeting of an infarct to a specific region of the brain, has a low mortality rate, low seizure rate, and is relatively easy to perform. This chapter outlines materials and methods for the photothrombotic model of ischemic stroke in mice, its limitations, and some considerations needed when using this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Wong Zhang
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Shenpeng R Zhang
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - T Michael De Silva
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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18
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Jordan GA, Vishwanath A, Holguin G, Bartlett MJ, Tapia AK, Winter GM, Sexauer MR, Stopera CJ, Falk T, Cowen SL. Automated system for training and assessing reaching and grasping behaviors in rodents. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 401:109990. [PMID: 37866457 PMCID: PMC10731814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reaching, grasping, and pulling behaviors are studied across species to investigate motor control and problem solving. String pulling is a distinct reaching and grasping behavior that is rapidly learned, requires bimanual coordination, is ethologically grounded, and has been applied across species and disease conditions. NEW METHOD Here we describe the PANDA system (Pulling And Neural Data Analysis), a hardware and software system that integrates a continuous string loop connected to a rotary encoder, feeder, microcontroller, high-speed camera, and analysis software for the assessment and training of reaching, grasping, and pulling behaviors and synchronization with neural data. RESULTS We demonstrate this system in rats implanted with electrodes in motor cortex and hippocampus and show how it can be used to assess relationships between reaching, pulling, and grasping movements and single-unit and local-field activity. Furthermore, we found that automating the shaping procedure significantly improved performance over manual training, with rats pulling > 100 m during a 15-minute session. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS String-pulling is typically shaped by tying food reward to the string and visually scoring behavior. The system described here automates training, streamlines video assessment with deep learning, and automatically segments reaching movements into distinct reach/pull phases. No system, to our knowledge, exists for the automated shaping and assessment of this behavior. CONCLUSIONS This system will be of general use to researchers investigating motor control, motivation, sensorimotor integration, and motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna A Jordan
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andrew K Tapia
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Torsten Falk
- Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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19
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Zhu J, Chen C, Liu X, He M, Fang Y, Wang L, Jia J, Guo J, Zhao Z, Gao C, He J, Xu C, Xu F, Ma D, Wang J, Zhang Z. Cerebellar Purkinje cell firing promotes conscious recovery from anesthesia state through coordinating neuronal communications with motor cortex. Theranostics 2024; 14:480-495. [PMID: 38169536 PMCID: PMC10758059 DOI: 10.7150/thno.89592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The neurobiological basis of gaining consciousness from unconscious state induced by anesthetics remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the involvement of the cerebello-thalamus-motor cortical loop mediating consciousness transitions from the loss of consciousness (LOC) induced by an inhalational anesthetic sevoflurane in mice. Methods: The neural tracing and fMRI together with opto-chemogenetic manipulation were used to investigate the potential link among cerebello-thalamus-motor cortical brain regions. The fiber photometry of calcium and neurotransmitters, including glutamate (Glu), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and norepinephrine (NE), were monitored from the motor cortex (M1) and the 5th lobule of the cerebellar vermis (5Cb) during unconsciousness induced by sevoflurane and gaining consciousness after sevoflurane exposure. Cerebellar Purkinje cells were optogenetically manipulated to investigate their influence on consciousness transitions during and after sevoflurane exposure. Results: Activation of 5Cb Purkinje cells increased the Ca2+ flux in the M1 CaMKIIα+ neurons, but this increment was significantly reduced by inactivation of posterior and parafascicular thalamic nucleus. The 5Cb and M1 exhibited concerted calcium flux, and glutamate and GABA release during transitions from wakefulness, loss of consciousness, burst suppression to conscious recovery. Ca2+ flux and Glu release in the M1, but not in the 5Cb, showed a strong synchronization with the EEG burst suppression, particularly, in the gamma-band range. In contrast, the Glu, GABA and NE release and Ca2+ oscillations were coherent with the EEG gamma band activity only in the 5Cb during the pre-recovery of consciousness period. The optogenetic activation of Purkinje cells during burst suppression significantly facilitated emergence from anesthesia while the optogenetic inhibition prolonged the time to gaining consciousness. Conclusions: Our data indicate that cerebellar neuronal communication integrated with motor cortex through thalamus promotes consciousness recovery from anesthesia which may likely serve as arousal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpiao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Mengying He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junke Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Juan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chenyi Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jingang He
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chengshi Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daqing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Division of Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zongze Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Illman M, Jaatela J, Vallinoja J, Nurmi T, Mäenpää H, Piitulainen H. Altered excitation-inhibition balance in the primary sensori motor cortex to proprioceptive hand stimulation in cerebral palsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 157:25-36. [PMID: 38039924 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to clarify the primary sensorimotor (SM1) cortex excitatory and inhibitory alterations in hemiplegic (HP) and diplegic (DP) cerebral palsy (CP) by quantifying SM1 cortex beta power suppression and rebound with magnetoencephalography (MEG). METHODS MEG was recorded from 16 HP and 12 DP adolescents, and their 32 healthy controls during proprioceptive stimulation of the index fingers evoked by a movement actuator. The related beta power changes were computed with Temporal Spectral Evolution (TSE). Peak strengths of beta suppression and rebound were determined from representative channels over the SM1 cortex. RESULTS Beta suppression was stronger contralateral to the stimulus and rebound was weaker ipsilateral to the stimulation in DP compared to controls. Beta modulation strengths did not differ significantly between HP and the control group. CONCLUSIONS The emphasized beta suppression in DP suggests less efficient proprioceptive processing in the SM1 contralateral to the stimulation. Their weak rebound further indicates reduced intra- and/or interhemispheric cortical inhibition, which is a potential neuronal mechanism for their bilateral motor impairments. SIGNIFICANCE The excitation-inhibition balance of the SM1 cortex related to proprioception is impaired in diplegic CP. Therefore, the cortical and behavioral proprioceptive deficits should be better diagnosed and considered to better target individualized effective rehabilitation in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Illman
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.BOX 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, P.O.BOX 12200, FI-00760 AALTO, Espoo, Finland; Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, P.O.BOX 12200, FI-00760 AALTO, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Julia Jaatela
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, P.O.BOX 12200, FI-00760 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jaakko Vallinoja
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, P.O.BOX 12200, FI-00760 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Timo Nurmi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, P.O.BOX 12200, FI-00760 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Helena Mäenpää
- Pediatric Neurology, New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Piitulainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.BOX 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, P.O.BOX 12200, FI-00760 AALTO, Espoo, Finland; Pediatric Neurology, New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Hu YT, Hu XW, Han JF, Zhang JF, Wang YY, Wolff A, Tremblay S, Hirjak D, Tan ZL, Northoff G. Motor cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in major depressive disorder - A preliminary randomized controlled clinical trial. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:169-175. [PMID: 37827254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) is commonly used in major depressive disorder (MDD), even though its therapeutic efficacy is limited. Given that many MDD patients show psychomotor retardation, we aim to examine whether the left motor cortex (lMC) as a novel rTMS target would provide effective and well-tolerated treatment as being comparable to lDLPFC-rTMS. METHODS In this prospective double-blind randomized single-center study, 131 MDD patients were randomly assigned to the lDLPFC or lMC group and were treated with 10 Hz rTMS (90 % motor threshold) applied twice daily for 4000 pulses continuously over five days. The primary endpoint was the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) total score change after treatment. RESULTS After the five-day rTMS treatment, there was no significant difference in both HAMD reduction rate (lDLPFC 59.3 % ± 20.4 %, lMC 51.3 % ± 26.3 %, P = 0.10) and adverse effects (P = 0.79) between 48 (73.8 %) lMC subjects and 51 (77.3 %) lDLPFC subjects. Furthermore, the lMC study group showed stable HAMD scores at follow-up compared to their endpoint scores (P = 0.08). LIMITATIONS Sham-control group was not included and the sample size was small. Therefore, our results should be seen as exploratory and preliminary. CONCLUSIONS The preliminary good therapeutic response, comparability, and tolerability of lMC-rTMS suggest lMC a potential and more easily accessible rTMS target. Together, our findings raise the possibility of symptom-specific rTMS in motor cortex (psychomotor retardation) or lDLPFC (cognitive deficits). This warrants larger clinical trials of rTMS in MDD with symptom-specific stimulation targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Hu
- Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Xi-Wen Hu
- Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Fang Han
- Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Feng Zhang
- Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Annemarie Wolff
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sara Tremblay
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Dusan Hirjak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Zhong-Lin Tan
- Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Georg Northoff
- Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
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22
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Alipour A, Mohammadi R. Evaluation of the separate and combined effects of anodal tDCS over the M1 and F3 regions on pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from neuropathic pain. Neurosci Lett 2024; 818:137554. [PMID: 37951301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common complication of chronic diabetes that negatively affects the routine functioning and sleep of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the separate and combined effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) regions on pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP. METHODS The statistical population of this double-blind randomized clinical trial consisted of all the members of the Bonab Diabetes Association in 2022 aged 45 to 65 years who were diagnosed with NP by a specialist. A total of 48 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the sample through purposive sampling. The participants were then randomly assigned into 4 groups, each attending 12 sessions of a special intervention (three times a week). The Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 (SF-MPQ-2) was used for data collection. Data were statistically analyzed using SPANOVA, analysis of covariance, and the Bonferroni test. RESULTS The results showed that tDCS had the potential to induce pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP (F = 11.48, P < 0.001). The mean perceived pain intensity in the posttest was lower in the M1 stimulation group than in the F3 stimulation group. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of perceived pain intensity in the one-month and two-month follow-up stages. CONCLUSIONS The tDCS approach (over both M1 and F3) showed promising effects for pain management in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP and may be an effective add-on treatment. However, more trials with larger sample sizes are necessary to define clinically relevant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alipour
- Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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23
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McIntosh JR, Joiner EF, Goldberg JL, Greenwald P, Murray LM, Thuet E, Modik O, Shelkov E, Lombardi JM, Sardar ZM, Lehman RA, Chan AK, Riew KD, Harel NY, Virk MS, Mandigo C, Carmel JB. Timing dependent synergies between motor cortex and posterior spinal stimulation in humans. medRxiv 2023:2023.08.18.23294259. [PMID: 37645795 PMCID: PMC10462218 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.18.23294259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Volitional movement requires descending input from motor cortex and sensory feedback through the spinal cord. We previously developed a paired brain and spinal electrical stimulation approach in rats that relies on convergence of the descending motor and spinal sensory stimuli in the cervical cord. This approach strengthened sensorimotor circuits and improved volitional movement through associative plasticity. In humans it is not known whether dorsal epidural SCS targeted at the sensorimotor interface or anterior epidural SCS targeted within the motor system is effective at facilitating brain evoked responses. In 59 individuals undergoing elective cervical spine decompression surgery, the motor cortex was stimulated with scalp electrodes and the spinal cord with epidural electrodes while muscle responses were recorded in arm and leg muscles. Spinal electrodes were placed either posteriorly or anteriorly, and the interval between cortex and spinal cord stimulation was varied. Pairing stimulation between the motor cortex and spinal sensory (posterior) but not spinal motor (anterior) stimulation produced motor evoked potentials that were over five times larger than brain stimulation alone. This strong augmentation occurred only when descending motor and spinal afferent stimuli were timed to converge in the spinal cord. Paired stimulation also increased the selectivity of muscle responses relative to unpaired brain or spinal cord stimulation. Finally, paired stimulation effects were present regardless of the severity of myelopathy as measured by clinical signs or spinal cord imaging. The large effect size of this paired stimulation makes it a promising candidate for therapeutic neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R McIntosh
- Dept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
| | - Evan F Joiner
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jacob L Goldberg
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
| | - Phoebe Greenwald
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lynda M Murray
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
- James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468
| | - Earl Thuet
- New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034
| | - Oleg Modik
- Dept. of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
| | - Evgeny Shelkov
- Dept. of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
| | - Joseph M Lombardi
- Dept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034
| | - Zeeshan M Sardar
- Dept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034
| | - Ronald A Lehman
- Dept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034
| | - Andrew K Chan
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034
| | - K Daniel Riew
- Dept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
- New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034
| | - Noam Y Harel
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
- James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468
| | - Michael S Virk
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
| | - Christopher Mandigo
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034
| | - Jason B Carmel
- Dept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
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Reakkamnuan C, Kumarnsit E, Cheaha D. Local field potential (LFP) power and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) changes in the striatum and motor cortex reflect neural mechanisms associated with bradykinesia and rigidity during D2R suppression in an animal model. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110838. [PMID: 37557945 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Impairments in motor control are the primary feature of Parkinson's disease, which is caused by dopaminergic imbalance in the basal ganglia. Identification of neural biomarkers of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) suppression would be useful for monitoring the progress of neuropathologies and effects of treatment. Male Swiss albino ICR mice were deeply anesthetized, and electrodes were implanted in the striatum and motor cortex to record local field potential (LFP). Haloperidol (HAL), a D2R antagonist, was administered to induce decreased D2R activity. Following HAL treatment, the mice showed significantly decreased movement velocity in open field test, increased latency to descend in a bar test, and decreased latency to fall in a rotarod test. LFP signals during HAL-induced immobility (open field test) and catalepsy (bar test) were analyzed. Striatal low-gamma (30.3-44.9 Hz) power decreased during immobility periods, but during catalepsy, delta power (1-4 Hz) increased, beta1(13.6-18 Hz) and low-gamma powers decreased, and high-gamma (60.5-95.7 Hz) power increased. Striatal delta-high-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) was significantly increased during catalepsy but not immobility. In the motor cortex, during HAL-induced immobility, beta1 power significantly increased and low-gamma power decreased, but during HAL-induced catalepsy, low-gamma and beta1 powers decreased and high-gamma power increased. Delta-high-gamma PAC in the motor cortex significantly increased during catalepsy but not during immobility. Altogether, the present study demonstrated changes in delta, beta1 and gamma powers and delta-high-gamma PAC in the striatum and motor cortex in association with D2R suppression. In particular, delta power in the striatum and delta-high-gamma PAC in the striatum and motor cortex appear to represent biomarkers of neural mechanisms associated with bradykinesia and rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayaporn Reakkamnuan
- Physiology program, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Ekkasit Kumarnsit
- Physiology program, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Dania Cheaha
- Biology program, Division of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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25
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Huang D, Ma YY. Increased Excitability of Layer 2 Cortical Pyramidal Neurons in the Supplementary Motor Cortex Underlies High Cocaine-Seeking Behaviors. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:875-887. [PMID: 37330163 PMCID: PMC10721734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most efforts in addiction research have focused on the involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex, including the infralimbic, prelimbic, and anterior cingulate cortical areas, in cocaine-seeking behaviors. However, no effective prevention or treatment for drug relapse is available. METHODS We focused instead on the motor cortex, including both the primary and supplementary motor areas (M1 and M2, respectively). Addiction risk was evaluated by testing cocaine seeking after intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of cocaine in Sprague Dawley rats. The causal relationship between the excitability of cortical pyramidal neurons (CPNs) in M1/M2 and addiction risk was explored by ex vivo whole-cell patch clamp recordings and in vivo pharmacological or chemogenetic manipulation. RESULTS Our recordings showed that on withdrawal day 45 (WD45) after IVSA, cocaine, but not saline, increased the excitability of CPNs in the cortical superficial layers (primarily layer 2, denoted L2) but not in layer 5 (L5) in M2. Bilateral microinjection of the GABAA (gamma-aminobutyric acid A) receptor agonist muscimol to the M2 area attenuated cocaine seeking on WD45. More specifically, chemogenetic inhibition of CPN excitability in L2 of M2 (denoted M2-L2) by the DREADD (designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs) agonist compound 21 prevented drug seeking on WD45 after cocaine IVSA. This chemogenetic inhibition of M2-L2 CPNs had no effects on sucrose seeking. In addition, neither pharmacological nor chemogenetic inhibition manipulations altered general locomotor activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that cocaine IVSA induces hyperexcitability in the motor cortex on WD45. Importantly, the increased excitability in M2, particularly in L2, could be a novel target for preventing drug relapse during withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Yao-Ying Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Taskiran E, Yilmaz B, Akgun MY, Kemerdere R, Uzan M, Isler C. Neurophysiologic cut off values for safe resection of patients with supratentorial gliomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2023; 165:4227-4234. [PMID: 37917380 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-023-05865-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas have infiltrative nature and tumor volume has direct prognostic value. Optimal resection limits delineated by high-frequency monopolar stimulation with multipulse short train technique is still a matter of debate for safe surgery without (or with acceptable) neurological deficits. It is also an enigma whether the same cut-off values are valid for high and low grades. We aimed to analyze the value of motor mapping/monitoring findings on postoperative motor outcome in diffuse glioma surgery. METHODS Patients who were operated on due to glioma with intraoperative neuromonitorization at our institution between 2017 and 2021 were analyzed. Demographic information, pre- and post-operative neurological deficit, magnetic resonance images, resection rates, and motor evoked potential (MEP) findings were analyzed. RESULTS Eighty-seven patients of whom 55 had high-grade tumors were included in the study. Total/near-total resection was achieved in 85%. Subcortical motor threshold (ScMTh) from resection cavity to the corticospinal tract was ≤ 2mA in 17; 3 mA in 14; 4 mA in 6; 5 mA in 7, and ≥5mA in 50 patients. On the 6th month examination, six patients (5 with high-grade tumor) had motor deficits. These patients had changes in MEP that exceeded critical threshold during monitoring. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed 2.5 mA ScMTh as the cut-off point for limb paresis after awakening and 6 months for the groups. CONCLUSIONS Subcortical mapping with MEP monitoring helps to achieve safe wider resection. The optimal safe limit for SCMTh was determined as 2.5 mA. Provided that safe threshold values are maintained in MEP, surgeon may force the functional limits by lowering the SCMTh to 1 mA, especially in low-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Taskiran
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Yilmaz
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Y Akgun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R Kemerdere
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Uzan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Isler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Musumeci G, D'Alonzo M, Ranieri F, Falato E, Capone F, Motolese F, Di Pino G, Di Lazzaro V, Pilato F. Intracortical and interhemispheric excitability changes in arm amputees: A TMS study. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 156:98-105. [PMID: 37918223 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate cortical circuits and excitability of the motor cortex in the hemisphere contralateral to the affected (AH) and to the unaffected arm (UH), in upper limb amputees. METHODS Motor evoked potentials (MEP) were recorded in 17 subjects who had upper limb amputation: 11 trans-radial (TR) and 6 trans-humeral (TH). Motor thresholds (MT), short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) in the available arm muscles of the stump were evaluated. RESULTS There was no significant difference in MT between hemispheres. SICI was preserved in TR but not in TH group. Additionally, in the TR group, the MEP amplitudes in AH were higher than in UH. A significant IHI was observed in the whole sample but not in each hemisphere or patient group. CONCLUSIONS In our population of TR amputees, we found increased corticospinal excitability in the AH with preserved intracortical inhibition. This finding was not observed in the TH population. SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the changes in intracortical excitability in amputees may enhance knowledge of the functional reorganization of the brain in the post-amputation phase, bringing useful information for prosthetic rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Musumeci
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; NeXT: Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human-Technology Interaction Research Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 5, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Marco D'Alonzo
- NeXT: Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human-Technology Interaction Research Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 5, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Federico Ranieri
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Emma Falato
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Motolese
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Pino
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; NeXT: Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human-Technology Interaction Research Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 5, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Fabio Pilato
- Research Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy.
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Lo Russo F, Contarino VE, Conte G, Morelli C, Trogu F, Casale S, Sbaraini S, Caschera L, Genovese V, Liu C, Cinnante CM, Silani V, Triulzi FM. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with upper motor neuron predominance: diagnostic accuracy of qualitative and quantitative susceptibility metrics in the precentral gyrus. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:7677-7685. [PMID: 37606662 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10070-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims at comparing the diagnostic accuracy of qualitative and quantitative assessment of the susceptibility in the precentral gyrus in detecting amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with predominance of upper motor neuron (UMN) impairment. METHODS We retrospectively collected clinical and 3T MRI data of 47 ALS patients, of whom 12 with UMN predominance (UMN-ALS). We further enrolled 23 healthy controls (HC) and 15 ALS Mimics (ALS-Mim). The Motor Cortex Susceptibility (MCS) score was qualitatively assessed on the susceptibility-weighted images (SWI) and automatic metrics were extracted from the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in the precentral gyrus. MCS scores and QSM-based metrics were tested for correlation, and ROC analyses. RESULTS The correlation of MCS score and susceptibility skewness was significant (Rho = 0.55, p < 0.001). The susceptibility SD showed an AUC of 0.809 with a specificity and positive predictive value of 100% in differentiating ALS and ALS Mim versus HC, significantly higher than MCS (Z = -3.384, p-value = 0.00071). The susceptibility skewness value of -0.017 showed specificity of 92.3% and predictive positive value of 91.7% in differentiating UMN-ALS versus ALS mimics, even if the performance was not significantly better than MCS (Z = 0.81, p = 0.21). CONCLUSION The MCS and susceptibility skewness of the precentral gyrus show high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating UMN-ALS from ALS-mimics subjects. The quantitative assessment might be preferred being an automatic measure unbiased by the reader. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The clinical diagnostic evaluation of ALS patients might benefit from the qualitative and/or quantitative assessment of the susceptibility in the precentral gyrus as imaging marker of upper motor neuron predominance. KEY POINTS • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diagnostic work-up lacks biomarkers able to identify upper motor neuron involvement. • Susceptibility-weighted imaging/quantitative susceptibility mapping-based measures showed good diagnostic accuracy in discriminating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with predominant upper motor neuron impairment from patients with suspected motor neuron disorder. • Susceptibility-weighted imaging/quantitative susceptibility mapping-based assessment of the magnetic susceptibility provides a diagnostic marker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with upper motor neuron predominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lo Russo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Elisa Contarino
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Conte
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudia Morelli
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Trogu
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Casale
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Sbaraini
- Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Caschera
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Genovese
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Maria Cinnante
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Maria Triulzi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Ruwaili A, Fatima R, Hussain A, Uzair M, Abualait T, Imdad K, Bashir S. The Effectiveness of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treating Apraxia. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2023:CNSNDDT-EPUB-135208. [PMID: 37846576 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273249412231010171926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Apraxia can be detected when engaging in mental motor envisioning exercises. The nonverbal skills of manufacturing, representation, strategizing, arithmetic, visual sensitivity, and motor skills are all related to apraxia. Limb apraxia also negatively affects communication gestures and linguistic skills. The impairment of brain regions related to motion patterns is the primary cause of apraxia. People with apraxia may struggle to complete a variety of tasks because they are unable to focus on various movements. Apraxia can result from injury to the premotor cortex since it has a role in the left hemisphere-dependent selection of movements. Cognitive and complicated motor system deficits are hallmarks of the corticobasal syndrome. Apraxia of the limbs and visuospatial abnormalities are typical clinical types. TMS was used to study these problems; however, no research was done on the relationship between TMS parameters and clinical types. It is possible for changes in brain activity to last a long time when repetitive TMS (rTMS) is utilized. Electromyography shows that noninvasive TMS of the motor cortex causes target muscle spasms (MEP). The human motor cortex is a part of the cerebral cortex that is involved in the organization, management, and execution of voluntary movements. TMS and other neuroimaging techniques are frequently used to identify changes in this region. Cortical motor excitability varies among different diagnoses; therefore, it is important to determine the effectiveness of TMS. Therefore, this study aims to review the causes and neurophysiological simulation of apraxia along with the principles and effects of TMS on apraxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ruwaili
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rida Fatima
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amal Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Uzair
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Turki Abualait
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaleem Imdad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Jung JH, Park K, Kim EY, Yoo CJ, Yee GT, Kim WK, Shin DW. Treatment Outcome of the Brain Metastases in Peri-Rolandic Area: Comparison Between Surgery and Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Brain Tumor Res Treat 2023; 11:246-253. [PMID: 37953448 PMCID: PMC10641316 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2023.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases of peri-Rolandic area is crucial as it directly impacts the quality of life for cancer patients. Surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is considered for peri-Rolandic brain metastases as for other brain metastases. However, the benefit of each treatment modality on functional outcome has not been clearly defined for this tumor. The purpose of this study is to compare the functional course of each treatment and to suggest an effective treatment for patients' quality of life. METHODS Fifty-two patients who had undergone SRS or surgery for brain metastasis confirmed by enhanced MRI were enrolled retrospectively. Overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and functional outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, univariate, multivariate analysis, and Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Median OS and PFS were 13.3 months and 8.9 months in our study population. Treatment modalities were not significant factors for OS and PFS. Extracranial systemic cancer progression was significant factor for both parameters (p=0.030 for OS and p=0.040 for PFS). Median symptom improvement (improvement of at least 1 grade after surgery compared to preoperative state) time was significantly shorter in surgery group than in the SRS group (10.5 days vs. 37.5 days, p=0.034). CONCLUSION Surgery for brain metastases can contribute to a positive quality of life for the remaining duration of the patient's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hyeok Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kawngwoo Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chan-Jong Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Gi-Taek Yee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong-Won Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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Lee A, Henderson R, Arachchige BJ, Robertson T, McCombe PA. Proteomic investigation of ALS motor cortex identifies known and novel pathogenetic mechanisms. J Neurol Sci 2023; 452:120753. [PMID: 37542825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The key pathological feature in ALS is death of motor neurones from the brain and spinal cord, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this degeneration remain unknown. Quantifying the motor cortex proteome in autopsy brain and comparing tissues from ALS cases and non-ALS controls is critical to understanding these mechanisms. We used Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) to characterize the proteomes of the motor cortex from ALS cases (n = 8) and control subjects (n = 8). A total of 1427 proteins were identified at a critical local false discovery rate < 5%; 187 of these exhibited significant expression differences between ALS cases and controls. Of these, 91 proteins were significantly upregulated and 96 proteins were significantly downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins are involved in molecular transport, protein trafficking, free radical scavenging, lipid metabolism, cell death and survival, nucleic acid metabolism, inflammatory response or amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Differentially expressed proteins were subjected to pathway analysis. This revealed abnormalities in pathways involving mitochondrial function, sirtuin signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, phagosome maturation, SNARE signaling, redox regulation and several others. Core analysis revealed mitochondrial dysfunction to be the top canonical pathway. The top-enriched networks involved JNK activation and inhibition of AKT signaling, suggesting that disruption of these signaling pathways could lead to demise of motor neurons in the ALS motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aven Lee
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Robert Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital (RBWH), Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Buddhika Jayakody Arachchige
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Thomas Robertson
- Pathology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pamela Ann McCombe
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Wesley Medical Research, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD 4066, Australia.
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Denne T, Winfrey LC, Moore C, Whitner C, D'Silva T, Soumyanath A, Shinto L, Hiller A, Meshul CK. Recovery of motor function is associated with rescue of glutamate biomarkers in the striatum and motor cortex following treatment with Mucuna pruriens in a murine model of Parkinsons disease. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 126:103883. [PMID: 37527694 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the use of natural products for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mucuna pruriens has been used in the treatment of humans with PD. The goal of this study was to determine if daily oral treatment with an extract of Mucuna pruriens, starting after the MPTP-induced loss of nigrostriatal dopamine in male mice, would result in recovery/restoration of motor function, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein expression in the nigrostriatal pathway, or glutamate biomarkers in both the striatum and motor cortex. Following MPTP administration, resulting in an 80 % loss of striatal TH, treatment with Mucuna pruriens failed to rescue either striatal TH or the dopamine transporter back to the control levels, but there was restoration of gait/motor function. There was an MPTP-induced loss of TH-labeled neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and in the number of striatal dendritic spines, both of which failed to be recovered following treatment with Mucuna pruriens. This Mucuna pruriens-induced locomotor recovery following MPTP was associated with restoration of two striatal glutamate transporter proteins, GLAST (EAAT1) and EAAC1 (EAAT3), and the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) within the motor cortex. Post-MPTP treatment with Mucuna pruriens, results in locomotor improvement that is associated with recovery of striatal and motor cortex glutamate transporters but is independent of nigrostriatal TH restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cindy Moore
- VA Medical Center/Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Amala Soumyanath
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lynne Shinto
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amie Hiller
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; VA Medical Center/Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Charles K Meshul
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; VA Medical Center/Portland, Portland, OR, USA.
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Chae S, Sihn D, Kim SP. Bias in Prestimulus Motor Cortical Activity Determines Decision-making Error in Rodents. Exp Neurobiol 2023; 32:271-284. [PMID: 37749928 PMCID: PMC10569143 DOI: 10.5607/en23020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Decision-making is a complex process that involves the integration and interpretation of sensory information to guide actions. The rodent motor cortex, which is generally involved in motor planning and execution, also plays a critical role in decision-making processes. In perceptual delayed-response tasks, the rodent motor cortex can represent sensory cues, as well as the decision of where to move. However, it remains unclear whether erroneous decisions arise from incorrect encoding of sensory information or improper utilization of the collected sensory information in the motor cortex. In this study, we analyzed the rodent anterior lateral motor cortex (ALM) while the mice performed perceptual delayed-response tasks. We divided population activities into sensory and choice signals to separately examine the encoding and utilization of sensory information. We found that the encoding of sensory information in the error trials was similar to that in the hit trials, whereas choice signals evolved differently between the error and hit trials. In error trials, choice signals displayed an offset in the opposite direction of instructed licking even before stimulus presentation, and this tendency gradually increased after stimulus onset, leading to incorrect licking. These findings suggest that decision errors are caused by biases in choice-related activities rather than by incorrect sensory encoding. Our study elaborates on the understanding of decision-making processes by providing neural substrates for erroneous decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Chae
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Duho Sihn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Sung-Phil Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea
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Sundiang M, Hatsopoulos NG, MacLean JN. Dynamic structure of motor cortical neuron coactivity carries behaviorally relevant information. Netw Neurosci 2023; 7:661-678. [PMID: 37397877 PMCID: PMC10312288 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skillful, voluntary movements are underpinned by computations performed by networks of interconnected neurons in the primary motor cortex (M1). Computations are reflected by patterns of coactivity between neurons. Using pairwise spike time statistics, coactivity can be summarized as a functional network (FN). Here, we show that the structure of FNs constructed from an instructed-delay reach task in nonhuman primates is behaviorally specific: Low-dimensional embedding and graph alignment scores show that FNs constructed from closer target reach directions are also closer in network space. Using short intervals across a trial, we constructed temporal FNs and found that temporal FNs traverse a low-dimensional subspace in a reach-specific trajectory. Alignment scores show that FNs become separable and correspondingly decodable shortly after the Instruction cue. Finally, we observe that reciprocal connections in FNs transiently decrease following the Instruction cue, consistent with the hypothesis that information external to the recorded population temporarily alters the structure of the network at this moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sundiang
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- University of Chicago Neuroscience Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason N. MacLean
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- University of Chicago Neuroscience Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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35
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Kim HS, Seo HG, Jhee JH, Park CH, Lee HW, Park B, Kim BG. Machine Learning-assisted Quantitative Mapping of Intracortical Axonal Plasticity Following a Focal Cortical Stroke in Rodents. Exp Neurobiol 2023; 32:170-180. [PMID: 37403225 DOI: 10.5607/en23016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke destroys neurons and their connections leading to focal neurological deficits. Although limited, many patients exhibit a certain degree of spontaneous functional recovery. Structural remodeling of the intracortical axonal connections is implicated in the reorganization of cortical motor representation maps, which is considered to be an underlying mechanism of the improvement in motor function. Therefore, an accurate assessment of intracortical axonal plasticity would be necessary to develop strategies to facilitate functional recovery following a stroke. The present study developed a machine learning-assisted image analysis tool based on multi-voxel pattern analysis in fMRI imaging. Intracortical axons originating from the rostral forelimb area (RFA) were anterogradely traced using biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) following a photothrombotic stroke in the mouse motor cortex. BDA-traced axons were visualized in tangentially sectioned cortical tissues, digitally marked, and converted to pixelated axon density maps. Application of the machine learning algorithm enabled sensitive comparison of the quantitative differences and the precise spatial mapping of the post-stroke axonal reorganization even in the regions with dense axonal projections. Using this method, we observed a substantial extent of the axonal sprouting from the RFA to the premotor cortex and the peri-infarct region caudal to the RFA. Therefore, the machine learningassisted quantitative axonal mapping developed in this study can be utilized to discover intracortical axonal plasticity that may mediate functional restoration following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Soon Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Hyo Gyeong Seo
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Jhee
- Center for KIURI Bio-Artificial Intelligence, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Park
- Division of Artificial Intelligence and Software, College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hyang Woon Lee
- Department of Neurology and Medical Science, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Computational Medicine, Graduate Programs in System Health Science & Engineering and Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Bumhee Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Byung Gon Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
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Suresh T, Hussain SJ. Re-evaluating the contribution of sensorimotor mu rhythm phase and power to human corticospinal output: A replication study. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:936-938. [PMID: 37257815 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tharan Suresh
- Movement and Cognitive Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sara J Hussain
- Movement and Cognitive Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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Maejima H, Okamura M, Inoue T, Takamatsu Y, Nishio T, Liu Y. Epigenetic modifications in the motor cortex caused by exercise or pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Brain Res 2023; 1806:148286. [PMID: 36801267 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is expected to provide an enriched platform for neurorehabilitation of post-stroke patients. Acetylation of specific lysine residues in histones is a potent epigenetic target essential for transcriptional regulation. Exercise modulates histone acetylation and gene expression in neuroplasticity in the brain. This study sought to examine the effect of epigenetic treatment using a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, sodium butyrate (NaB), and exercise on epigenetic markers in the bilateral motor cortex after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) to identify a more enriched neuronal condition for neurorehabilitation. Forty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham (n = 8), control (n = 9), NaB, exercise (n = 8), and NaB and exercise (n = 8). Intraperitoneal administration of an HDAC inhibitor (300 mg/kg NaB) and treadmill exercise (11 m/min for 30 min) was conducted five days a week for approximately-four weeks. ICH specifically decreased the acetylation level of histone H4 in the ipsilateral cortex, and HDAC inhibition with NaB increased the acetylation level of histone H4 over the sham level, accompanied by an improvement in motor function as assessed by the cylinder test. Exercise increased the acetylation levels of histones (H3 and H4) in the bilateral cortex. Synergistic effects of exercise and NaB were not observed during histone acetylation. Pharmacological treatment with a HDAC inhibitor and exercise can provide an enriched epigenetic platform for neurorehabilitation in an individual manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Maejima
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Misato Okamura
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Takamatsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Taichi Nishio
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yushan Liu
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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Turrini S, Fiori F, Chiappini E, Lucero B, Santarnecchi E, Avenanti A. Cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) over premotor-motor areas affects local circuitries in the human motor cortex via Hebbian plasticity. Neuroimage 2023; 271:120027. [PMID: 36925088 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have shown that cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) can strengthen connectivity between the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and the primary motor cortex (M1) by modulating convergent input over M1 via Hebbian spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). However, whether ccPAS locally affects M1 activity remains unclear. We tested 60 right-handed young healthy humans in two studies, using a combination of dual coil TMS and ccPAS over the left PMv and M1 to probe and manipulate PMv-to-M1 connectivity, and single- and paired-pulse TMS to assess neural activity within M1. We provide convergent evidence that ccPAS, relying on repeated activations of excitatory PMv-to-M1 connections, acts locally over M1. During ccPAS, motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by paired PMv-M1 stimulation gradually increased. Following ccPAS, the threshold for inducing MEPs of different amplitudes decreased, and the input-output curve (IO) slope increased, highlighting increased M1 corticospinal excitability. Moreover, ccPAS reduced the magnitude of short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), reflecting suppression of GABA-ergic interneuronal mechanisms within M1, without affecting intracortical facilitation (ICF). These changes were specific to ccPAS Hebbian strengthening of PMv-to-M1 connectivity, as no modulations were observed when reversing the order of the PMv-M1 stimulation during a control ccPAS protocol. These findings expand prior ccPAS research that focused on the malleability of cortico-cortical connectivity at the network-level, and highlight local changes in the area of convergent activation (i.e., M1) during plasticity induction. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the physiological basis of ccPAS that are relevant for protocol optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Turrini
- Centro studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia "Renzo Canestrari", Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Cesena Campus, Cesena 47521, Italy; Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
| | - Francesca Fiori
- Centro studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia "Renzo Canestrari", Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Cesena Campus, Cesena 47521, Italy; NeXT: Neurophysiology and Neuro-Engineering of Human-Technology Interaction Research Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Emilio Chiappini
- Centro studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia "Renzo Canestrari", Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Cesena Campus, Cesena 47521, Italy; Institut für Klinische und Gesundheitspsychologie, Universität Wien, Vienna 1010, Austria
| | - Boris Lucero
- Centro de Investigación en Neuropsicología y Neurociencias Cognitivas (CINPSI Neurocog), Universidad Católica Del Maule, Talca 346000, Chile
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Alessio Avenanti
- Centro studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia "Renzo Canestrari", Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Cesena Campus, Cesena 47521, Italy; Centro de Investigación en Neuropsicología y Neurociencias Cognitivas (CINPSI Neurocog), Universidad Católica Del Maule, Talca 346000, Chile.
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Lopez-Virgen V, Macias M, Rodriguez-Moreno P, Olivares-Moreno R, de Lafuente V, Rojas-Piloni G. Motor cortex projections to red and pontine nuclei have distinct roles during movement in the mouse. Neurosci Lett 2023; 807:137280. [PMID: 37116574 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Motor control largely depends on the deep layer 5 (L5) pyramidal neurons that project to subcortical structures. However, it is largely unknown if these neurons are functionally segregated with distinct roles in movement performance. Here, we analyzed mouse motor cortex L5 pyramidal neurons projecting to the red and pontine nuclei during movement preparation and execution. Using photometry to analyze the calcium activity of L5 pyramidal neurons projecting to the red nucleus and pons, we reveal that both types of neurons activate with different temporal dynamics. Optogenetic inhibition of either kind of projection differentially affects forelimb movement onset and execution in a lever press task, but only the activity of corticopontine neurons is significantly correlated with trial-by-trial variations in reaction time. The results indicate that cortical neurons projecting to the red and pontine nuclei contribute differently to sensorimotor integration, suggesting that L5 output neurons are functionally compartmentalized generating, in parallel, different downstream information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lopez-Virgen
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Martin Macias
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Paola Rodriguez-Moreno
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Rafael Olivares-Moreno
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Victor de Lafuente
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Gerardo Rojas-Piloni
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, México.
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Ward ZB. Muscles or Movements? Representation in the Nascent Brain Sciences. J Hist Biol 2023:10.1007/s10739-023-09703-1. [PMID: 37074610 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-023-09703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The idea that the brain is a representational organ has roots in the nineteenth century, when neurologists began drawing conclusions about what the brain represents from clinical and experimental studies. One of the earliest controversies surrounding representation in the brain was the "muscles versus movements" debate, which concerned whether the motor cortex represents complex movements or rather fractional components of movement. Prominent thinkers weighed in on each side: neurologists John Hughlings Jackson and F.M.R. Walshe in favor of complex movements, neurophysiologist Charles Sherrington and neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield in favor of movement components. This essay examines these and other brain scientists' evolving notions of representation during the first eighty years of the muscles versus movements debate (c. 1873-1954). Although participants agreed about many of the superficial features of representation, their inferences reveal deep-seated disagreements about its inferential role. Divergent epistemological commitments stoked conflicting conceptions of what representational attributions imply and what evidence supports them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zina B Ward
- Department of Philosophy, Florida State University, 151 Dodd Hall, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
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Cheng M, Che X, Ye Y, He C, Yu L, Lv Y, Fitzgerald PB, Cash RFH, Fitzgibbon BM. Analgesic efficacy of theta-burst stimulation for postoperative pain. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 149:81-87. [PMID: 36933324 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.02.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be a relevant method to assist postoperative pain. However, studies to date have only used conventional 10 Hz rTMS and targeted the DLPFC for postoperative pain. A more recent form of rTMS, termed intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS), enables to increase cortical excitability in a short period of time. This preliminary double-blind, randomised, sham controlled study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of iTBS in postoperative care across two distinct stimulation targets. METHODS A group of 45 patients post laparoscopic surgery were randomised to receive a single session of iTBS over either the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), primary motor cortex (M1), or Sham stimulation (1:1:1 ratio). Outcome measurements were number of pump attempts, total anaesthetic volume used, and self-rated pain experience, assessed at 1 hour, 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours post stimulation. All randomised patients were analysed (n = 15 in each group). RESULTS Compared to Sham stimulation, DLPFC-iTBS reduced pump attempts at 6 (DLPFC = 0.73 ± 0.88, Sham = 2.36 ± 1.65, P = 0.031), 24 (DLPFC = 1.40 ± 1.24, Sham = 5.03 ± 3.87, P = 0.008), and 48 (DLPFC = 1.47 ± 1.41, Sham = 5.87 ± 4.34, P = 0.014) hours post-surgery, whereby M1 stimulation had no effect. No group effect was observed on total anaesthetics, which was mainly provided through the continuous administration of opioids at a set speed for each group. There was also no group or interaction effect on pain ratings. Pump attempts were positively associated with pain ratings in the DLPFC (r = 0.59, P = 0.02) and M1 (r = 0.56, P = 0.03) stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that iTBS to the DLPFC reduces pump attempts for additional anaesthetics following a laparoscopic surgery. However, reduced pump attempts by DLPFC stimulation did not translate into a significantly smaller volume of total anaesthetic, due to the continuous administration of opioids at a set speed for each group. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings therefore provide preliminary evidence for iTBS targeting the DLPFC to be used to improve postoperative pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- Anaesthesiologic Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianwei Che
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yang Ye
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changlin He
- Anaesthesiologic Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Pain, the Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yating Lv
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Paul B Fitzgerald
- School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Robin F H Cash
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bernadette M Fitzgibbon
- School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Monarch Research Institute, Monarch Mental Health Group, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Leodori G, Mancuso M, Maccarrone D, Tartaglia M, Ianniello A, Certo F, Baione V, Ferrazzano G, Malimpensa L, Belvisi D, Pozzilli C, Berardelli A, Conte A. Neural bases of motor fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A multimodal approach using neuromuscular assessment and TMS-EEG. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 180:106073. [PMID: 36906073 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Previous studies suggested that increased motor fatigue in MS may arise at the central nervous system level. However, the mechanisms underlying central motor fatigue in MS are still unclear. This paper investigated whether central motor fatigue in MS reflects impaired corticospinal transmission or suboptimal primary motor cortex (M1) output (supraspinal fatigue). Furthermore, we sought to identify whether central motor fatigue is associated with abnormal M1 excitability and connectivity within the sensorimotor network. Twenty-two patients affected by relapsing-remitting MS and 15 healthy controls (HCs) performed repeated blocks of contraction at different percentages of maximal voluntary contraction with the right first dorsal interosseus muscle until exhaustion. Peripheral, central, and supraspinal components of motor fatigue were quantified by a neuromuscular assessment based on the superimposed twitch evoked by peripheral nerve and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Corticospinal transmission, excitability and inhibition during the task were tested by measurement of motor evoked potential (MEP) latency, amplitude, and cortical silent period (CSP). M1 excitability and connectivity was measured by TMS-evoked electroencephalography (EEG) potentials (TEPs) elicited by M1 stimulation before and after the task. Patients completed fewer blocks of contraction and showed higher values of central and supraspinal fatigue than HCs. We found no MEP or CSP differences between MS patients and HCs. Patients showed a post-fatigue increase in TEPs propagation from M1 to the rest of the cortex and in source-reconstructed activity within the sensorimotor network, in contrast to the reduction observed in HCs. Post-fatigue increase in source-reconstructed TEPs correlated with supraspinal fatigue values. To conclude, MS-related motor fatigue is caused by central mechanisms related explicitly to suboptimal M1 output rather than impaired corticospinal transmission. Furthermore, by adopting a TMS-EEG approach, we proved that suboptimal M1 output in MS patients is associated with abnormal task-related modulation of M1 connectivity within the sensorimotor network. Our findings shed new light on the central mechanisms of motor fatigue in MS by highlighting a possible role of abnormal sensorimotor network dynamics. These novel results may point to new therapeutical targets for fatigue in MS.
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Bhat P, Goyal V, Kumaran SS, Srivastava AK, Behari M, Dwivedi S. Mechanisms of 1Hz inhibitory and 5Hz excitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulations in Parkinson's Disease- An fMRI study. Brain Connect 2023; 13:247-263. [PMID: 36869613 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2022.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder with alterations in cortical functional activity. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is known to incur motor benefits in PD by inducing motor activity through cortical connectivity, though the mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE The effects of rTMS (at three cortical sites) on functional and structural plasticity were studied in Parkinson's disease to understand inhibitory or excitatory rTMS induced motor improvement. METHODOLOGY The study was a single blind, randomized, sham-controlled type involving three groups. 3000 rTMS pulses of frequency 1 Hz were given at M1 (in thirteen patients of Group A) or PMA (in Group B, n = 18) and a frequency 5 Hz at SMA in Group C (n =19). Clinical rating scores [UPDRS, PDQ39] and motor dexterity were assessed at baseline, after sham and real rTMS sessions. Visuo-spatial functional MRI task along with T1 weighted scans (at 3 Tesla) were used to evaluate the motor execution and planning post rTMS intervention. RESULTS Improvements (p<0.05) in UPDRS II, III, Mobility and ADL of PDQ39, Purdue Pegboard were observed. Increased BOLD activations (pFWE <0.01) were observed in motor cortices, parietal association areas and cerebellum in groups C and decrease in group A and B after real TMS as compared to sham. CONCLUSIONS Repetitive TMS at motor (1Hz) and supplementary motor (5Hz) areas resulted in significant clinical benefits by inducing cortical plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Bhat
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 28730, Department of Neurology, New Delhi, Delhi, India;
| | - Vinay Goyal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 28730, Department of Neurology, New Delhi, Delhi, India.,Medanta The Medicity, 204687, Gurgaon, Haryana, India;
| | - S Senthil Kumaran
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 28730, Department of NMR & MRI Facility, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India, 110029;
| | - Achal K Srivastava
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 28730, Department of Neurology, New Delhi, Delhi, India;
| | - Madhuri Behari
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 28730, Department of Neurology, New Delhi, Delhi, India.,Fortis FLT LT Rajan Dhall Hospital, 76079, Neurology, New Delhi, Delhi, India;
| | - Sadanand Dwivedi
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 28730, Department of Biostatistics, New Delhi, India;
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Loomes M, Tran DMD, Chowdhury NS, Birney DP, Harris JA, Livesey EJ. Is cortical inhibition in primary motor cortex related to executive control? Cortex 2023; 160:100-14. [PMID: 36791591 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent research using paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has shown that the speed with which people can stop an action is linked to GABAergic inhibitory activity in the motor system. Specifically, a significant proportion of the variance in stop signal reaction time (SSRT; a widely used measure of inhibitory control) is accounted for by short-interval cortical inhibition (SICI). It is still unclear whether this relationship reflects a broader link between GABAergic processes and executive functions, or a specific link between GABAergic processes and motor stopping ability. The current study sought to replicate the correlation between SSRT and SICI while investigating whether this association generalises to other measures of inhibitory control and working memory, and to long-interval cortical inhibition (LICI). Participants completed a battery of inhibition (Stop-Signal, Stroop, Flanker) and working memory (n-back, Digit Span, and Operation Span) tasks. We replicated the correlation between SICI and SSRT but found no other correlations between behavioural measures of executive control and the two cortical measures of inhibition. These findings indicate that the relationship between SSRT and SICI is specific to a particular property of response inhibition and likely reflects the function of local inhibitory networks mediated by GABAA.
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Koloskov V, Zubkov M, Solomakha G, Puchnin V, Levchuk A, Efimtcev A, Melchakova I, Shchelokova A. Improving detection of fMRI activation at 1.5 T using high permittivity ceramics. J Magn Reson 2023; 348:107390. [PMID: 36774714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose an application of high permittivity materials (HPMs) to improve functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 1.5 T, increasing the receive (Rx) sensitivity of a commercial multi-channel head coil. To evaluate the transmit efficiency, specific absorption rate (SAR), and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) changes introduced by the HPMs with relative permittivity of 4500, we considered the following configurations in simulation: a whole-body birdcage coil and an Rx-only multi-channel head coil with and without the HPM blocks in the presence of a homogeneous head phantom or a human body model. Experimental studies were also performed with a phantom and with volunteers. Seven healthy volunteers enrolled in a prospective study of fMRI activation in the motor cortex with and without HPMs. fMRI data were analyzed using group-level paired T-tests between acquisitions with and without HPM blocks. Both electromagnetic simulations and experimental measurements showed ∼25% improvement in the Rx sensitivity of a commercial head coil in the areas of interest when HPM blocks were placed in close proximity. It increased the detected motor cortex fMRI activation volume by an average of 56%, thus resulting in more sensitive functional imaging at 1.5 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Koloskov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Zubkov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Georgiy Solomakha
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor Puchnin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoliy Levchuk
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Department of Radiology, Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Efimtcev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Department of Radiology, Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Melchakova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alena Shchelokova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
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Vallence AM, Rurak BK, Fujiyama H, Hammond GR. Covariation of the amplitude and latency of motor evoked potentials elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation in a resting hand muscle. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:927-36. [PMID: 36811686 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used to study human neurophysiology. A single TMS pulse delivered to the primary motor cortex can elicit a motor evoked potential (MEP) in a target muscle. MEP amplitude is a measure of corticospinal excitability and MEP latency is a measure of the time taken for intracortical processing, corticofugal conduction, spinal processing, and neuromuscular transmission. Although MEP amplitude is known to vary across trials with constant stimulus intensity, little is known about MEP latency variation. To investigate MEP amplitude and latency variation at the individual level, we scored single-pulse MEP amplitude and latency in a resting hand muscle from two datasets. MEP latency varied from trial to trial in individual participants with a median range of 3.9 ms. Shorter MEP latencies were associated with larger MEP amplitudes for most individuals (median r = - 0.47), showing that latency and amplitude are jointly determined by the excitability of the corticospinal system when TMS is delivered. TMS delivered during heightened excitability could discharge a greater number of cortico-cortical and corticospinal cells, increasing the amplitude and, by recurrent activation of corticospinal cells, the number of descending indirect waves. An increase in the amplitude and number of indirect waves would progressively recruit larger spinal motor neurons with large-diameter fast-conducting fibers, which would shorten MEP onset latency and increase MEP amplitude. In addition to MEP amplitude variability, understanding MEP latency variability is important given that these parameters are used to help characterize pathophysiology of movement disorders.
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Ghilardi T, Meyer M, Hunnius S. Predictive motor activation: Modulated by expectancy or predictability? Cognition 2023; 231:105324. [PMID: 36402084 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Predicting actions is a fundamental ability that helps us to comprehend what is happening in our environment and to interact with others. The motor system was previously identified as source of action predictions. Yet, which aspect of the statistical likelihood of upcoming actions the motor system is sensitive to remains an open question. This EEG study investigated how regularities in observed actions are reflected in the motor system and utilized to predict upcoming actions. Prior to measuring EEG, participants watched videos of action sequences with different transitional probabilities. After training, participants' brain activity over motor areas was measured using EEG while watching videos of action sequences with the same statistical structure. Focusing on the mu and beta frequency bands we tested whether activity of the motor system reflects the statistical likelihood of upcoming actions. We also explored two distinct aspects of the statistical structure that capture different prediction processes, expectancy and predictability. Expectancy describes participants' expectation of the most likely action, whereas predictability represents all possible actions and their relative probabilities. Results revealed that mu and beta oscillations play different roles during action prediction. While the mu rhythm reflected anticipatory activity without any link to the statistical structure, the beta rhythm was related to the expectancy of an action. Our findings support theories proposing that the motor system underlies action prediction, and they extend such theories by showing that multiple forms of statistical information are extracted when observing action sequences. This information is integrated in the prediction generated by the neural motor system of which action is going to happen next.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Ghilardi
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525GD Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marlene Meyer
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525GD Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Hunnius
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525GD Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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48
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Bao Y, Chen Y, Piao S, Hu B, Yang L, Li H, Geng D, Li Y. Iron quantitative analysis of motor combined with bulbar region in M1 cortex may improve diagnosis performance in ALS. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:1132-1142. [PMID: 35951045 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09045-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore whether the combined analysis of motor and bulbar region of M1 on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) can be a valid biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS Thirty-two non-demented ALS patients and 35 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were retrospectively recruited. SWI and 3D-T1-MPRAGE images were obtained from all individuals using a 3.0-T MRI scan. The bilateral posterior band of M1 was manually delineated by three neuroradiologists on phase images and subdivided into the motor and bulbar regions. We compared the phase values in two groups and performed a stratification analysis (ALSFRS-R score, duration, disease progression rate, and onset). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also constructed. RESULTS ALS group showed significantly increased phase values in M1 and the two subregions than the HC group, on the all and elderly level (p < 0.001, respectively). On all-age level comparison, negative correlations were found between phase values of M1 and clinical score and duration (p < 0.05, respectively). Similar associations were found in the motor region (p < 0.05, respectively). On both the total (p < 0.01) and elderly (p < 0.05) levels, there were positive relationships between disease progression rate and M1 phase values. In comparing ROC curves, the entire M1 showed the best diagnostic performance. CONCLUSIONS Combining motor and bulbar analyses as an integral M1 region on SWI can improve ALS diagnosis performance, especially in the elderly. The phase value could be a valuable biomarker for ALS evaluation. KEY POINTS • Integrated analysis of the motor and bulbar as an entire M1 region on SWI can improve the diagnosis performance in ALS. • Quantitative analysis of iron deposition by SWI measurement helps the clinical evaluation, especially for the elderly patients. • Phase value, when combined with the disease progression rate, could be a valuable biomarker for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Bao
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Sirong Piao
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Liqin Yang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Haiqing Li
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Daoying Geng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, China. .,Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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49
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Hsu G, Shereen AD, Cohen LG, Parra LC. Robust enhancement of motor sequence learning with 4 mA transcranial electric stimulation. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:56-67. [PMID: 36574814 PMCID: PMC10171179 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Motor learning experiments with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) at 2 mA have produced mixed results. We hypothesize that tDCS boosts motor learning provided sufficiently high field intensity on the motor cortex. METHODS In a single-blinded design, 108 healthy participants received either anodal (N = 36) or cathodal (N = 36) tDCS at 4 mA total, or no stimulation (N = 36) while they practiced a 12-min sequence learning task. Anodal stimulation was delivered across four electrode pairs (1 mA each), with anodes above the right parietal lobe and cathodes above the right frontal lobe. Cathodal stimulation, with reversed polarities, served as an active control for sensation, while the no-stimulation condition established baseline performance. fMRI-localized targets on the primary motor cortex in 10 subjects were used in current flow models to optimize electrode placement for maximal field intensity. A single electrode montage was then selected for all participants. RESULTS We found a significant difference in performance with anodal vs. cathodal stimulation (Cohen's d = 0.71) and vs. no stimulation (d = 0.56). This effect persisted for at least 1 h, and subsequent learning for a new sequence and the opposite hand also improved. Sensation ratings were comparable in the active groups and did not exceed moderate levels. Current flow models suggest the new electrode montage can achieve stronger motor cortex polarization than alternative montages. CONCLUSION The present paradigm shows a medium to large effect size and is well-tolerated. It may serve as a go-to experiment for future studies on motor learning and tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - A Duke Shereen
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, USA
| | - Leonardo G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lucas C Parra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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50
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Spooner RK, Taylor BK, Ahmad IM, Dyball K, Emanuel K, O'Neill J, Kubat M, Swindells S, Fox HS, Bares SH, Stauch KL, Zimmerman MC, Wilson TW. Mitochondrial redox environments predict sensorimotor brain-behavior dynamics in adults with HIV. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 107:265-275. [PMID: 36272499 PMCID: PMC10590193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite virologic suppression, people living with HIV (PLWH) remain at risk for developing cognitive impairment, with aberrations in motor control being a predominant symptom leading to functional dependencies in later life. While the neuroanatomical bases of motor dysfunction have recently been illuminated, the underlying molecular processes remain poorly understood. Herein, we evaluate the predictive capacity of the mitochondrial redox environment on sensorimotor brain-behavior dynamics in 40 virally-suppressed PLWH and 40 demographically-matched controls using structural equation modeling. We used state-of-the-art approaches, including Seahorse Analyzer of mitochondrial function, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure superoxide levels, antioxidant activity assays and dynamic magnetoencephalographic imaging to quantify sensorimotor oscillatory dynamics. We observed differential modulation of sensorimotor brain-behavior relationships by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide-sensitive features of the redox environment in PLWH, while only superoxide-sensitive features were related to optimal oscillatory response profiles and better motor performance in controls. Moreover, these divergent pathways may be attributable to immediate, separable mechanisms of action within the redox environment seen in PLWH, as evidenced by mediation analyses. These findings suggest that mitochondrial redox parameters are important modulators of healthy and pathological oscillations in motor systems and behavior, serving as potential targets for remedying HIV-related cognitive-motor dysfunction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Spooner
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Brittany K Taylor
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Iman M Ahmad
- College of Allied Health Professions, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelsey Dyball
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Katy Emanuel
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jennifer O'Neill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maureen Kubat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Susan Swindells
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sara H Bares
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelly L Stauch
- Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
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