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Daoud M, Durelle C, Fierain A, N EY, Wendling F, Ruffini G, Benquet P, Bartolomei F. Long-term Effect of Multichannel tDCS Protocol in Patients with Central Cortex Epilepsies Associated with Epilepsia Partialis Continua. Brain Topogr 2024:10.1007/s10548-024-01045-3. [PMID: 38446345 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare type of focal motor status epilepticus that causes continuous muscle jerking in a specific part of the body. Experiencing this type of seizure, along with other seizure types, such as focal motor seizures and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, can result in a disabling situation. Non-invasive brain stimulation methods like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) show promise in reducing seizure frequency (SF) when medications are ineffective. However, research on tDCS for EPC and related seizures is limited. We evaluated personalized multichannel tDCS in drug-resistant EPC of diverse etiologies for long-term clinical efficacy We report three EPC patients undergoing a long-term protocol of multichannel tDCS. The patients received several cycles (11, 9, and 3) of five consecutive days of stimulation at 2 mA for 2 × 20 min, targeting the epileptogenic zone (EZ), including the central motor cortex with cathodal electrodes. The primary measurement was SF changes. In three cases, EPC was due to Rasmussen's Encephalitis (case 1), focal cortical dysplasia (case 2), or remained unknown (case 3). tDCS cycles were administered over 6 to 22 months. The outcomes comprised a reduction of at least 75% in seizure frequency for two patients, and in one case, a complete cessation of severe motor seizures. However, tDCS had no substantial impact on the continuous myoclonus characterizing EPC. No serious side effects were reported. Long-term application of tDCS cycles is well tolerated and can lead to a considerable reduction in disabling seizures in patients with various forms of epilepsy with EPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Daoud
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM U1106, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - C Durelle
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - A Fierain
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - El Youssef N
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - F Wendling
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - G Ruffini
- Neuroelectrics Barcelona, Av. Tibidabo 47 bis, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - P Benquet
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, LTSI-U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - F Bartolomei
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM U1106, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France.
- Service d'Epileptologie et de Rythmologie cérébrale, APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13005, France.
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Daoud M, El Youssef N, Salvador R, Fierain A, Garnier E, Wendling F, Medina S, Benar C, Ruffini G, Bartolomei F. OC14 : Personalized multichannel transcranial direct current electrical stimulation guided by SEEG in drug-resistant epilepsy: clinical and neurophysiological effects. Clin Neurophysiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Romanella SM, Sprugnoli G, Ruffini G, Seyedmadani K, Rossi S, Santarnecchi E. Noninvasive Brain Stimulation & Space Exploration: Opportunities and Challenges. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:294-319. [PMID: 32937115 PMCID: PMC8361862 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
As NASA prepares for longer space missions aiming for the Moon and Mars, astronauts' health and performance are becoming a central concern due to the threats associated with galactic cosmic radiation, unnatural gravity fields, and life in extreme environments. In space, the human brain undergoes functional and structural changes related to fluid shift and changes in intracranial pressure. Behavioral abnormalities, such as cognitive deficits, sleep disruption, and visuomotor difficulties, as well as psychological effects, are also an issue. We discuss opportunities and challenges of noninvasive brain stimulation (NiBS) methods - including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) - to support space exploration in several ways. NiBS includes safe and portable techniques already applied in a wide range of cognitive and motor domains, as well as therapeutically. NiBS could be used to enhance in-flight performance, supporting astronauts during pre-flight Earth-based training, as well as to identify biomarkers of post-flight brain changes for optimization of rehabilitation/compensatory strategies. We review these NiBS techniques and their effects on brain physiology, psychology, and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Romanella
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy
| | - G Sprugnoli
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Radiology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G Ruffini
- Neuroelectrics Corporation, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - K Seyedmadani
- University Space Research Association NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; Ann and H.J. Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - E Santarnecchi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy; Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Ruffini G, Sanchez-Todo R, Dubreuil L, Salvador R, Pinotsis D, Miller E, Wendling F, E. Santarnecchi, Bastos A. P118 A Biophysically realistic Laminar Neural Mass Modeling framework for transcranial Current Stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Salvador R, Puonti O, Biagi M, Splittgerber M, Moliadze V, Thielscher A, Ruffini G. P38 Montage optimization in tCS: Influence of optimization constraints. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Salvador R, Biagi M, Manor B, Santarnecchi E, Ruffini G. P46 Improving sham protocols in tCS with montage optimization: Actisham. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sprugnoli G, Monti L, Lippa L, Neri F, Mencarelli L, Ruffini G, Salvador R, Oliveri G, Batani B, Momi D, Cerase A, Pascual-Leone A, Rossi A, Rossi S, Santarnecchi E. Reduction of intratumoral brain perfusion by noninvasive transcranial electrical stimulation. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaau9309. [PMID: 31453319 PMCID: PMC6693907 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau9309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Malignant brain neoplasms have a poor prognosis despite aggressive treatments. Animal models and evidence from human bodily tumors reveal that sustained reduction in tumor perfusion via electrical stimulation promotes tumor necrosis, therefore possibly representing a therapeutic option for patients with brain tumors. Here, we demonstrate that transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) allows to safely and noninvasively reduce intratumoral perfusion in humans. Selected patients with glioblastoma or metastasis underwent tES, while perfusion was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Multichannel tES was applied according to personalized biophysical modeling, to maximize the induced electrical field over the solid tumor mass. All patients completed the study and tolerated the procedure without adverse effects, with tES selectively reducing the perfusion of the solid tumor. Results potentially open the door to noninvasive therapeutic interventions in brain tumors based on stand-alone tES or its combination with other available therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Sprugnoli
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
| | - L. Monti
- Unit of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention, “Santa Maria alle Scotte” Medical Center, Siena, Italy
| | - L. Lippa
- Unit of Neurosurgery, “Santa Maria alle Scotte” Medical Center, Siena, Italy
| | - F. Neri
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
| | - L. Mencarelli
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - G. Oliveri
- Unit of Neurosurgery, “Santa Maria alle Scotte” Medical Center, Siena, Italy
| | - B. Batani
- Unit of Neurosurgery, “Santa Maria alle Scotte” Medical Center, Siena, Italy
| | - D. Momi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
| | - A. Cerase
- Unit of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention, “Santa Maria alle Scotte” Medical Center, Siena, Italy
| | - A. Pascual-Leone
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institut Guttmann, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Rossi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Human Physiology Section, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
| | - S. Rossi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Human Physiology Section, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
| | - E. Santarnecchi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Siena Medical School, Siena, Italy
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Martens G, Barra A, Carrière M, Soria-Frisch A, Ruffini G, Ibáñez D, Rojas A, Laureys S, Thibaut A. Closed-loop application of tDCS to promote responsiveness in patients with disorders of consciousness. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Ibáñez-Soria D, Garcia-Ojalvo J, Soria-Frisch A, Ruffini G. Detection of generalized synchronization using echo state networks. Chaos 2018; 28:033118. [PMID: 29604650 DOI: 10.1063/1.5010285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Generalized synchronization between coupled dynamical systems is a phenomenon of relevance in applications that range from secure communications to physiological modelling. Here, we test the capabilities of reservoir computing and, in particular, echo state networks for the detection of generalized synchronization. A nonlinear dynamical system consisting of two coupled Rössler chaotic attractors is used to generate temporal series consisting of time-locked generalized synchronized sequences interleaved with unsynchronized ones. Correctly tuned, echo state networks are able to efficiently discriminate between unsynchronized and synchronized sequences even in the presence of relatively high levels of noise. Compared to other state-of-the-art techniques of synchronization detection, the online capabilities of the proposed Echo State Network based methodology make it a promising choice for real-time applications aiming to monitor dynamical synchronization changes in continuous signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ibáñez-Soria
- Starlab Barcelona S.L., Neuroscience Research Business Unit, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - J Garcia-Ojalvo
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - A Soria-Frisch
- Starlab Barcelona S.L., Neuroscience Research Business Unit, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - G Ruffini
- Starlab Barcelona S.L., Neuroscience Research Business Unit, Barcelona 08035, Spain
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Antal A, Alekseichuk I, Bikson M, Brockmöller J, Brunoni AR, Chen R, Cohen LG, Dowthwaite G, Ellrich J, Flöel A, Fregni F, George MS, Hamilton R, Haueisen J, Herrmann CS, Hummel FC, Lefaucheur JP, Liebetanz D, Loo CK, McCaig CD, Miniussi C, Miranda PC, Moliadze V, Nitsche MA, Nowak R, Padberg F, Pascual-Leone A, Poppendieck W, Priori A, Rossi S, Rossini PM, Rothwell J, Rueger MA, Ruffini G, Schellhorn K, Siebner HR, Ugawa Y, Wexler A, Ziemann U, Hallett M, Paulus W. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:1774-1809. [PMID: 28709880 PMCID: PMC5985830 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 627] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation or their combinations, appears to be safe. No serious adverse events (SAEs) have been reported so far in over 18,000 sessions administered to healthy subjects, neurological and psychiatric patients, as summarized here. Moderate adverse events (AEs), as defined by the necessity to intervene, are rare, and include skin burns with tDCS due to suboptimal electrode-skin contact. Very rarely mania or hypomania was induced in patients with depression (11 documented cases), yet a causal relationship is difficult to prove because of the low incidence rate and limited numbers of subjects in controlled trials. Mild AEs (MAEs) include headache and fatigue following stimulation as well as prickling and burning sensations occurring during tDCS at peak-to-baseline intensities of 1-2mA and during tACS at higher peak-to-peak intensities above 2mA. The prevalence of published AEs is different in studies specifically assessing AEs vs. those not assessing them, being higher in the former. AEs are frequently reported by individuals receiving placebo stimulation. The profile of AEs in terms of frequency, magnitude and type is comparable in healthy and clinical populations, and this is also the case for more vulnerable populations, such as children, elderly persons, or pregnant women. Combined interventions (e.g., co-application of drugs, electrophysiological measurements, neuroimaging) were not associated with further safety issues. Safety is established for low-intensity 'conventional' TES defined as <4mA, up to 60min duration per day. Animal studies and modeling evidence indicate that brain injury could occur at predicted current densities in the brain of 6.3-13A/m2 that are over an order of magnitude above those produced by tDCS in humans. Using AC stimulation fewer AEs were reported compared to DC. In specific paradigms with amplitudes of up to 10mA, frequencies in the kHz range appear to be safe. In this paper we provide structured interviews and recommend their use in future controlled studies, in particular when trying to extend the parameters applied. We also discuss recent regulatory issues, reporting practices and ethical issues. These recommendations achieved consensus in a meeting, which took place in Göttingen, Germany, on September 6-7, 2016 and were refined thereafter by email correspondence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Antal
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - I Alekseichuk
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, USA
| | - J Brockmöller
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - A R Brunoni
- Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27) and Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Chen
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L G Cohen
- Human Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | | | - J Ellrich
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; EBS Technologies GmbH, Europarc Dreilinden, Germany
| | - A Flöel
- Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Greifswald, Germany
| | - F Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M S George
- Brain Stimulation Division, Medical University of South Carolina, and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - R Hamilton
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Haueisen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Germany
| | - C S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - F C Hummel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Centre of Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland; Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL Valais), Sion, Switzerland
| | - J P Lefaucheur
- Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, and EA 4391, Nerve Excitability and Therapeutic Team (ENT), Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France
| | - D Liebetanz
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C K Loo
- School of Psychiatry & Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - C D McCaig
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - C Miniussi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy; Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - P C Miranda
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - V Moliadze
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - M A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - R Nowak
- Neuroelectrics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich Center for Brain Stimulation, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Germany
| | - A Pascual-Leone
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Harvard Medical Center and Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - W Poppendieck
- Department of Information Technology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Priori
- Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutich, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan Italy; Deparment of Clinical Neurology, University Hospital Asst Santi Paolo E Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - S Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Human Physiology Section and Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab, University of Siena, Italy
| | - P M Rossini
- Area of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University Clinic A. Gemelli, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - M A Rueger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - H R Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Y Ugawa
- Department of Neurology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Fukushima Global Medical Science Center, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - A Wexler
- Department of Science, Technology & Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - U Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W Paulus
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
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Salvador R, Banus J, Ripolles O, Fischer D, Fox M, Ruffini G. Proceedings #3. Intersubject variability effects on montages used to target the motor cortex in tDCS. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Cortes M, Climent A, Putrino D, Vall LD, Ruffini G, Labar D, Edwards D. The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in chronic spinal cord injury: a quantitative EEG study. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Fisher D, Fried P, Ruffini G, Ripolles O, Ketchabaw T, Santarnecchi E, Pascual-Leone A, Fox M. Network-targeted non-invasive brain stimulation with multifocal tdcs. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Banús J, Martens G, Salvador R, Thibaut A, Ripolles O, Antonopoulos G, Di Perri C, Gosseries O, Laureys S, Ruffini G. The effects of lesions in E-field distribution during frontoparietal tDCS. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Castellano M, Cuenca-Royo A, Forcano L, Soria-Frisch A, Ruffini G, Torre RDL. New approaches for the treatment of morbid obesity: tDCS plus Cognitive Training (CT), a pilot study. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Castellano M, Ibanez-Soria D, Acedo J, Kroupi E, Martinez X, Soria-Frisch A, Dunne S, Valls-Sole J, Verma A, Ruffini G. Influence of burst tACS on the neural oscillations and detection of change in visual task. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ruffini G, Fox M, Santarnecchi E, Miranda P, Edwards D, Wendling F, Pascual-Leone A. Modeling, targeting and optimizing multichannel transcranial current stimulation (tCS). Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ruffini G, Fox M, Ripolles O, Riera A, Cavaleiro P, Pascual-Leone A. Optimization of multifocal transcranial current stimulation montages for specific targets using realistic models of electric fields. Brain Stimul 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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20
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Salvador R, Mekonnen A, Miranda P, Ruffini G. P279: Effects of increasing the number of return electrodes in tCS. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Márquez-Ruiz J, Ammann C, Leal-Campanario R, Wendling F, Ruffini G, Gruart A, Delgado-García J. OP 8. Modulating tactile perception and learning processes by tCS in animal models: Hyperinteraction viability experiments (HIVE). Clin Neurophysiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Mekonnen A, Salvador R, Ruffini G, Miranda PC. The relationship between transcranial current stimulation electrode montages and the effect of the skull orbital openings. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2013; 2012:831-4. [PMID: 23366021 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Due to its low electric conductivity, the skull has a major impact on the electric field distribution in the brain in transcranial current stimulation (tCS). However, the skull has several openings that are filled with higher conductivity soft tissues, and through which a significant fraction of the injected current may pass. We show that current entering the brain via the orbital openings increases the electric field intensity in the cortical regions near the orbit. Furthermore, this depends on the how far electrodes are placed from the orbital openings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mekonnen
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering (IBEB), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
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23
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Armigliato A, Bentini GG, Ruffini G. Detection of ultra-soft X-rays with a variable geometry proportional counter fitted to a transmission electron microscope (TEM). J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1976.tb01076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Merlet I, Birot G, Molaee-Ardekani B, Mekonnen A, Salvador R, Miranda PC, Ruffini G, Wendling F. PTMS27 Simulation of scalp EEG signals under tDCS. Clin Neurophysiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(11)60680-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Molaee-Ardekani B, Márquez-Ruiz J, Leal-Campanario R, Gruart A, Sánchez-Campusano R, Merlet I, Birot G, Delgado-García J, Ruffini G, Wendling F. PTMS29 A modeling study of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on pyramidal cells and interneurons. Clin Neurophysiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(11)60682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Márquez-Ruiz J, Leal-Campanario R, Molaee-Ardekani B, Gruart A, Sánchez-Campusano R, Ruffini G, Wendling F, Delgado-García J. P14.17 Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effects on somatosensory local field potential of alert rabbits. Clin Neurophysiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(11)60445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Salvador R, Mekonnen A, Ruffini G, Miranda PC. Modeling the electric field induced in a high resolution realistic head model during transcranial current stimulation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2010:2073-2076. [PMID: 21095946 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5626315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Much of our knowledge about the electric field distribution in transcranial current stimulation (tCS) still relies on results obtained from layered spherical head models. In this work we created a high resolution finite element model of a human head by segmentation of MRI images, and paid particular attention to the representation of the cortical sheet. This model was then used to calculate the electric field induced by two electrodes: an anode placed above the left motor cortex, and a cathode placed over the right eyebrow. The results showed that the maxima of the current density appear located on localized hotspots in the bottom of sulci and not on the cortical surface as would be expected from spherical models. This also applies to the components of the current density normal and tangential to the cortical surface. These results show that such highly detailed head models are needed to correctly predict the effects of tCS on cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Salvador
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering (IBEB), Faculty of Sciences, Lisbon 1749-016, Portugal.
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28
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Marco-Pallarés J, Ruffini G, Polo MD, Gual A, Escera C, Grau C. Mismatch negativity impairment associated with alcohol consumption in chronic alcoholics: A scalp current density study. Int J Psychophysiol 2007; 65:51-7. [PMID: 17449124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2006] [Revised: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies, based on amplitude and latency measurements of auditory event-related brain potentials, yielded inconclusive results about the status of mismatch negativity (MMN) in chronic alcoholics. The present study explores scalp current density (SCD) dynamics during MMN latency range in alcoholics, and correlates electrical SCD results with clinical data of the patients. SCD was computed from 30 electrodes in 16 abstinent chronic alcoholics and 16 healthy control volunteers in a paradigm on MMN elicited by duration changes. Reduced activity was observed in left frontal and right anterior and posterior temporal areas during MMN in alcoholics. Alcohol consumption correlated negatively with SCD intensity in these regions. Delayed activation was observed in the left posterior temporal area in the patients. Alcohol abstinence duration correlated positively with SCD intensity in this region. These results point to an impairment of automatic brain processing mechanisms associated with auditory change detection in chronic alcoholism. The present results suggest a reorganization of the computational neurodynamics of automatic auditory change detection linked to the amount of alcohol consumed in abstinent chronic alcoholics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marco-Pallarés
- Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 171, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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29
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Marco-Pallarés J, Grau C, Ruffini G. Combined ICA-LORETA analysis of mismatch negativity. Neuroimage 2005; 25:471-7. [PMID: 15784426 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2004] [Revised: 10/01/2004] [Accepted: 11/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for neuroscience is to map accurately the spatiotemporal patterns of activity of the large neuronal populations that are believed to underlie computing in the human brain. To study a specific example, we selected the mismatch negativity (MMN) brain wave (an event-related potential, ERP) because it gives an electrophysiological index of a "primitive intelligence" capable of detecting changes, even abstract ones, in a regular auditory pattern. ERPs have a temporal resolution of milliseconds but appear to result from mixed neuronal contributions whose spatial location is not fully understood. Thus, it is important to separate these sources in space and time. To tackle this problem, a two-step approach was designed combining the independent component analysis (ICA) and low-resolution tomography (LORETA) algorithms. Here we implement this approach to analyze the subsecond spatiotemporal dynamics of MMN cerebral sources using trial-by-trial experimental data. We show evidence that a cerebral computation mechanism underlies MMN. This mechanism is mediated by the orchestrated activity of several spatially distributed brain sources located in the temporal, frontal, and parietal areas, which activate at distinct time intervals and are grouped in six main statistically independent components.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marco-Pallarés
- Neurodynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 171, 08035 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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30
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Cremonte LG, Ruffini G, Mantellini E. [Oxygen therapy via Ventimask. Personal cases]. Minerva Med 1989; 80:1083-4. [PMID: 2812465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Eleven patients suffering from seriously hypoxaemic chronic respiratory insufficiency with slight hypercapnia have been assessed. A comparison between the results obtained with continuous oxygen therapy carried out with a Ventury mask and that done with the Ventimask was made in the case of each patient. Distribution of O2 with the Ventimask made it possible to obtain higher average pO2 levels than with the Ventury mask.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Cremonte
- Divisione di Medicina Generale, Ospedale Civile, Novi Ligure
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31
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Gentile F, Ruffini G, Mannella E, Pantaleo A. Ruolo Dell'Ecotomografia Nella Diagnosi Delle Cisti Delle Vescicole Seminali. Urologia 1986. [DOI: 10.1177/039156038605300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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Gentile F, Mannella E, Caravelli M, Mancini P, Pantaleo A, Ruffini G. L'Ecotomografia Nella Diagnosi Della Tubercolosi Renale. Urologia 1984. [DOI: 10.1177/039156038405100619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Gentile
- Servizio di Radiologia
- (ULSS N. 13 di Sulmona, L'Aquila, Ospedale Civile, Servizio di Radiologia e Divisione di Urologia)
| | - E. Mannella
- Divisione di Urologia
- (ULSS N. 13 di Sulmona, L'Aquila, Ospedale Civile, Servizio di Radiologia e Divisione di Urologia)
| | - M. Caravelli
- Servizio di Radiologia
- (ULSS N. 13 di Sulmona, L'Aquila, Ospedale Civile, Servizio di Radiologia e Divisione di Urologia)
| | - P. Mancini
- Servizio di Radiologia
- (ULSS N. 13 di Sulmona, L'Aquila, Ospedale Civile, Servizio di Radiologia e Divisione di Urologia)
| | - A. Pantaleo
- Divisione di Urologia
- (ULSS N. 13 di Sulmona, L'Aquila, Ospedale Civile, Servizio di Radiologia e Divisione di Urologia)
| | - G. Ruffini
- Divisione di Urologia
- (ULSS N. 13 di Sulmona, L'Aquila, Ospedale Civile, Servizio di Radiologia e Divisione di Urologia)
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Ruffini G, Santagata L, Grechi G. [A rapid method for the isolation of Salmonellae from faeces (author's transl)]. Quad Sclavo Diagn 1978; 14:494-9. [PMID: 395562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and simple method for detecting Salmonellae in faeces was developed. It was based on the motility of Salmonellae through a semi-solid medium in a U-tube. The migration of other intestinal bacteria was retarded by means of a magnesium salt concentration. 474 stool specimens were examined for Salmonellae in parallel with the usual isolation method. A total of 39 Salmonella strains were isolated, 37 (94.9%) by means of the selective migration procedure, 26 (66.7%) when the routine method was applied. Two strains of patients in chemo-therapy were missed by the rapid method, which was moreover inefficient in detecting S. typhi, due to its slow motility. However, the rapid method is recommended in addition to conventional mediums in screening of carriers for its higher frequency of positive isolations compared with multistep procedure (+27.3%).
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Armigliato A, Bentini G, Ruffini G, Battaglin G, Della Mea G, Drigo A. Analysis of boron predeposited silicon wafers by combined ion beam techniques and X-ray microanalysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0029-554x(78)90945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Gargani GF, Ruffini G, Rossi C, Penna R, Romano C. [Microbiology of chronic lung diseases in children (author's transl)]. Ann Sclavo 1976; 18:179-88. [PMID: 827983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial flora was studied in the bronchial, pharyngeal secretions and sputum of 80 children with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and of 21 children with other chronic lung diseases, treated at the Pediatric Clinic (Respiratory Unit), University of Genoa. Staphylococcus aureus was found in 52% of patients, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 48%, Proteus in 5%. According to the age, the patients have been distinguished into four groups; in the 6-10 and 11-15 year-old group Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest pathogen isolated, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found much more commonly in the 16-20 year-old group. Details are given of antibiotic-sensitivity for single strains grown. Intensive care programs, based on specific antibiotic-sensitivity, for in-patients and out-patients, are reported: positive results in treatment courses with Gentamicin, Cephalosporins and Tobramycin are presented.
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Weitkamp LR, McDermid EM, Neel JV, Fine JM, Petrini C, Bonazzi L, Ortali V, Porta F, Tanis R, Harris DJ, Peters T, Ruffini G, Johnston E. Additional data on the population distribution of human serum albumin genes; three new variants. Ann Hum Genet 1973; 37:219-26. [PMID: 4768559 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1973.tb01829.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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37
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Petrini C, Porta F, Ruffini G, Burlina A. [Proceedings: Acetylcholinesterase isoenzymes in alloalbuminemic sera]. Quad Sclavo Diagn 1973; 9:261-4. [PMID: 4788716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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38
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Porta F, Boccato P, Bonazzi L, Bozzetti E, Burlina A, Fisauli F, Galzigna L, Marinucci M, Ortali V, Petrini C, Ruffini G, Tentori L. [Variants of serum albumin in 22 families compared by means of electrophoresis]. Boll Ist Sieroter Milan 1973; 52:77-84. [PMID: 4714453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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39
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Porta F, Ruffini G, Pasino M, Scherini A. [Alloalbuminemia (bisalbuminemia) of the slow type]. Minerva Med 1972; 63:1316-8. [PMID: 5018862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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40
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Ruffini G. [Do colleagues treat each other gratis? How to reconcile the demands of an ergonomic work schedule with the code of professional etiquette]. Mondo Odontostomatol 1971; 13:837-8. [PMID: 5290756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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41
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Ruffini G. [The dentist in the local health units]. Mondo Odontostomatol 1970; 12:108-10. [PMID: 5265896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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42
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43
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44
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Colombo P, Corbetta D, Pirotta A, Ruffini G, Sartori A. A solvent for qualitative and quantitative determination of sugars using paper chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1960. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)97008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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