1
|
Harada Y, Garenáux E, Nagatsuka T, Uzawa H, Nishida Y, Sato C, Kitajima K. Interaction of 70-kDa heat shock protein with glycosaminoglycans and acidic glycopolymers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 453:229-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.05.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
2
|
Glöckner FO, Joint I. Marine microbial genomics in Europe: current status and perspectives. Microb Biotechnol 2011; 3:523-30. [PMID: 20953416 PMCID: PMC2948668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2010.00169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The oceans are the Earth's largest ecosystem, covering 70% of our planet and providing goods and services for the majority of the world's population. Understanding the complex abiotic and biotic processes on the micro‐ to macroscale is the key to protect and sustain the marine ecosystem. Marine microorganisms are the ‘gatekeepers’ of the biotic processes that control the global cycles of energy and organic matter. A multinational, multidisciplinary approach, bringing together research on oceanography, biodiversity and genomics, is now needed to understand and finally predict the complex responses of the marine ecosystem to ongoing global changes. Such an integrative approach will not only bring better understanding of the complex interplay of the organisms with their environment, but will reveal a wealth of new metabolic processes and functions, which have a high potential for biotechnological applications. This potential has already been recognized by the European commission which funded a series of workshops and projects on marine genomics in the sixth and seventh framework programme. Nevertheless, there remain many obstacles to achieving the goal – such as a lack of bioinformatics tailored for the marine field, consistent data acquisition and exchange, as well as continuous monitoring programmes and a lack of relevant marine bacterial models. Marine ecosystems research is complex and challenging, but it also harbours the opportunity to cross the borders between disciplines and countries to finally create a rewarding marine research era that is more than the sum of its parts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Oliver Glöckner
- Microbial Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Loft KJ, Bojarová P, Slámová K, Kren V, Williams SJ. Synthesis of sulfated glucosaminides for profiling substrate specificities of sulfatases and fungal beta-N-acetylhexosaminidases. Chembiochem 2009; 10:565-76. [PMID: 19156788 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Systematic sulfation: Sulfated glycoconjugates are degraded either by desulfation followed by glycoside cleavage, or by glycoside cleavage followed by desulfation. To study these processes, here we report the synthesis of four regioisomerically sulfated p-nitrophenyl glucosaminides from the common precursor p-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide. These substrates allowed the rapid analysis of the substrate preferences of a set of four sulfatases and 24 hexosaminidases.Sulfated carbohydrates are components of many glycoconjugates, and are degraded by two major processes: cleavage of the sulfate ester by a sulfatase, or en bloc removal of a sulfated monosaccharide by a glycoside hydrolase. However, these processes have proved difficult to study owing to a lack of homogeneous, defined substrates. We describe here the synthesis of a series of p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucosaminides bearing sulfate esters at the 2-, 3-, 4- or 6-positions, by divergent routes starting with p-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The sulfated p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucosaminides were used to study the substrate specificity of four sulfatases (from Helix pomatia, Patella vulgata, abalone, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and revealed significant differences in the preference of each of these enzymes for desulfation at different positions around the sugar ring. The 3-, 4- and 6-sulfated p-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucosaminides were screened against a panel of 24 fungal beta-N-acetylhexosaminidases to assess their substrate specificity. While the 4- and 6-sulfates were substrates for many of the fungal enzymes investigated, only a single beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase, that from Penicillium chrysogenum, could hydrolyze the 3-sulfated p-nitrophenyl glycoside. Together these results demonstrate the utility of sulfated p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucosaminides for the study of both sulfatases and glycoside hydrolases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Loft
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nagatsuka T, Uzawa H, Asanuma H, Nishida Y. Glucuronidase-assisted Transglycosylation for the Synthesis of Highly Functional Disaccharides: β-D-Glucuronyl 6-O-Sulfo-β-D-Gluco- and -β-D-Galactopyranosides. J Carbohydr Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/07328300802696215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
5
|
Nagatsuka T, Uzawa H, Nishida Y. Library assembly of mono-, di- and tri-O-sulfated β-d-xylopyranosides; effect of O-sulfation on pyranose ring conformation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:4109-11. [DOI: 10.1039/b907059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
6
|
Ozcelik P, Bezirci FB, Suzuki Y, Uzawa H, Nishida Y, Kobayashi K, Suzuki T, Miyamoto D, Nagatake T, Ahmed K. Sulfatide and its synthetic analogues recognition by Moraxella catarrhalis. Microbiol Immunol 2007; 50:967-70. [PMID: 17179664 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2006.tb03873.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Moraxella catarrhalis is one of the major pathogens of respiratory and middle ear infections. Attachment of this bacterium to the surface of human pharyngeal epithelial cells is the first step in the pathogenesis of infections. This study revealed that sulfatide might act as a binding molecule for the attachment of M. catarrhalis to human pharyngeal epithelial cells. Furthermore, six different synthetic sulfatides were found to inhibit the attachment of M. catarrhalis significantly at an optimum concentration of 10 microg/ml. Synthetic sulfatides may have the potential to be used as a therapy to prevent M. catarrhalis infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ogata M, Zeng X, Usui T, Uzawa H. Substrate specificity of N-acetylhexosaminidase from Aspergillus oryzae to artificial glycosyl acceptors having various substituents at the reducing ends. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:23-30. [PMID: 17145046 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2006] [Revised: 10/24/2006] [Accepted: 11/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The substrate specificity of N-acetylhexosaminidase (E.C. 3.2.1.51) from Aspergillus oryzae was examined using p-nitrophenyl 6-O-sulfo-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide (6-O-sulfo-GlcNAc-O-pNP) as the glycosyl donor and a series of beta-d-glucopyranosides and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminides with variable aglycons at the anomeric positions as the acceptors. When beta-D-glucopyranosides with methyl (CH(3)), allyl (CH(2)CHCH(2)), and phenyl (C(6)H(5)) groups at the reducing end were used as the acceptors, this enzyme transferred the 6-O-sulfo-GlcNAc moiety in the donor to the location of O-4 in these glycosyl acceptors with a high regioselectivity, producing the corresponding 6-O-sulfo-N-acetylglucosaminyl beta-D-glucopyranosides. However, beta-D-glucopyranose lacking aglycon was a poor substrate for transglycosylation. This A. oryzae enzyme could also accept various N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminides carrying hydroxyl (OH), methyl (CH(3)), propyl (CH(2)CH(2)CH(3)), allyl (CH(2)CHCH(2)) and p-nitrophenyl (pNP; C(6)H(4)-NO(2)) groups at their aglycons, yielding 6-O-sulfo-N-acetylglucosaminyl-beta(1-->4)-disaccharide products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ogata
- Science of Biological Resource, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Uzawa H, Nagatsuka T, Hiramatsu H, Nishida Y. A bovine glucuronidase for assembly of β-d-glucuronyl-(1–3)-6-O-sulfo-β-d-gluco- and galacto-pyranosyl linkages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:1381-3. [PMID: 16550273 DOI: 10.1039/b516921f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glucuronidase-catalyzed transglycosylation was examined by using 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide (D-GlcA-O-pNP) as the glycosyl donor; when pNP 6-O-sulfo-beta-D-gluco- and D-galacto-pyranosides were used as the acceptors, a bovine enzyme was found to construct beta-D-GlcA-(1-3)-linkages with the 6-O-sulfo-sugars in both a site- and beta-selective way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Uzawa
- Research Center of Advanced Bionics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan. (HU)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Uzawa H, Ito H, Izumi M, Tokuhisa H, Taguchi K, Minoura N. Synthesis of polyanionic glycopolymers for the facile assembly of glycosyl arrays. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Hanson SR, Best MD, Wong CH. Sulfatases: Structure, Mechanism, Biological Activity, Inhibition, and Synthetic Utility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004; 43:5736-63. [PMID: 15493058 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200300632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sulfatases, which cleave sulfate esters in biological systems, play a key role in regulating the sulfation states that determine the function of many physiological molecules. Sulfatase substrates range from small cytosolic steroids, such as estrogen sulfate, to complex cell-surface carbohydrates, such as the glycosaminoglycans. The transformation of these molecules has been linked with important cellular functions, including hormone regulation, cellular degradation, and modulation of signaling pathways. Sulfatases have also been implicated in the onset of various pathophysiological conditions, including hormone-dependent cancers, lysosomal storage disorders, developmental abnormalities, and bacterial pathogenesis. These findings have increased interest in sulfatases and in targeting them for therapeutic endeavors. Although numerous sulfatases have been identified, the wide scope of their biological activity is only beginning to emerge. Herein, accounts of the diversity and growing biological relevance of sulfatases are provided along with an overview of the current understanding of sulfatase structure, mechanism, and inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, BCC 357, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hanson SR, Best MD, Wong CH. Sulfatasen: Struktur, Mechanismus, biologische Aktivität, Inhibition, Anwendung in Synthesen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200300632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
12
|
Uzawa H, Nishida Y, Sasaki K, Nagatsuka T, Hiramatsu H, Kobayashi K. Sulfatase-catalyzed assembly of regioselectively O-sulfonated p-nitrophenyl α-d-gluco- and α-d-mannopyranosides. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:1597-602. [PMID: 15183733 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2003] [Accepted: 03/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A chemoenzymic methodology is extended to the library synthesis of regioselectively O-sulfonated pNP D-gluco and D-mannopyranosides. The method involves the sequential reactions of chemical O-sulfonation and sulfatase-catalyzed O-desulfonation. pNP 2,6-di-O-sulfo-alpha-D-glucopyranoside and pNP 3,6-di-O-sulfo-alpha-D-mannopyranoside were obtained as sodium salts using chemical methods by way of dibutylstannylene acetals or tributylstannyl ethers. They were then applied to enzyme reactions using three molluscan enzymes (snail, limpet, and abalone). The sulfatase reactions cleaved a sulfate group at the secondary O-2 or O-3 position to yield the corresponding pNP 6-O-sulfo sugars. Neither pNP 6-O-sulfo-alpha-D-glucopyranoside nor 6-O-sulfo-alpha-D-mannopyranoside became the enzyme substrate. Evidently, the molluscan sulfatases have a tendency to cleave the secondary O-sulfo group with assistance from the 6-O-sulfo group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Uzawa
- Research Center of Advanced Bionics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sasaki K, Nishida Y, Kambara M, Uzawa H, Takahashi T, Suzuki T, Suzuki Y, Kobayashi K. Design of N-acetyl-6-sulfo-β-d-glucosaminide-based inhibitors of influenza virus sialidase. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:1367-75. [PMID: 15018909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2003] [Revised: 01/10/2004] [Accepted: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biological activity of N-acetyl-6-sulfo-beta-d-glucosaminides (6-sulfo-GlcNAc 1) having a structural homology to N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac 2) and 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac2en 3) was examined in terms of inhibitory activity against influenza virus sialidase (influenza, A/Memphis/1/71 H3N2). pNP 6-Sulfo-GlcNAc 1a was proved to show substantial activity to inhibit the virus sialidase (IC(50)=2.8 mM), though p-nitrophenyl (pNP) GlcNAc without 6-sulfo group and pNP 6-sulfo-GlcNH(3)(+) 1b without 2-NHAc showed little activity (IC(50) >50 mM). The activity was enhanced nearly 100-fold when the pNP group of 1a was converted to p-acetamidophenyl one 5 (IC(50)=30 microM) or replaced with 1-naphthyl 6 (IC(50)=10 microM) or n-propyl one 8 (IC(50)=11 microM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|