1
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Dubey A, Tiwari A, Mandal PK. Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-Catalyzed Stereoselective C-Glycosylation of Indoles with Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidates: Access to 3-Indolyl-C-glycosides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8516-8526. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Dubey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Ashwani Tiwari
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Pintu Kumar Mandal
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226 031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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2
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Niimi Y, Mizutani Y, Akiyama H, Watanabe H, Shiroki R, Hirabayashi Y, Hoshinaga K, Mutoh T. Cerebrospinal Fluid Profiles in Parkinson's Disease: No Accumulation of Glucosylceramide, but Significant Downregulation of Active Complement C5 Fragment. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:221-232. [PMID: 33216044 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As mutations in glucocerebrosidase 1 (GBA1) are a major risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), decreased GBA1 activity might play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, there are currently no reports on glucosylceramide levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in PD. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether glucosylceramide accumulation and abnormal immune status in the brain are associated with PD. METHODS We measured glucosylceramide by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) as well as levels of the active fragment of complement C5, C5a, in the CSF of 33 PD, 15 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 22 neurologically normal control (NNC) subjects. Serum C5a levels in all PD and ALS cases and in a limited number of NNC subjects (n = 8) were also measured. RESULTS C5a levels in CSF were significantly downregulated in PD compared with NNC. Moreover, CSF C5a/serum C5a ratio showed pronounced perturbations in PD and ALS patients. LC-ESI-MS/MS revealed a statistically significant accumulation of a specific subspecies of glucosylceramide (d18 : 1/C23 : 0 acyl chain fatty acid) in ALS, but not in PD. Interestingly, CSF glucosylceramide (d18 : 1/C23 : 0) exhibited a significant correlation with CSF C5a levels in PD, but not ALS. No correlation was observed between C5a levels or glucosylceramide subspecies content and disease duration, levodopa equivalent daily dose or Hoehn & Yahr staging in PD. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate complement dysregulation without glucosylceramide accumulation in PD CSF. Furthermore, we found an association between a specific glucosylceramide subspecies and immune status in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Niimi
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Mizutani
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Hirohisa Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Shiroki
- Department of Urology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Kiyotaka Hoshinaga
- Department of Urology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Mutoh
- Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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3
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Lee K, Kim S, Kim A, Suh H, Hong K. Sphingolipid identification and skin barrier recovery capacity of a milk sphingolipid‐enriched fraction (MSEF) from buttermilk powder. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 42:270-276. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Lee
- Department of Product Development Doosan Corporation Solus Suwon 16229Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences Graduate School Korea University Seoul 02841Republic of Korea
| | - S. Kim
- Department of Product Development Doosan Corporation Solus Suwon 16229Republic of Korea
| | - A. Kim
- Department of Product Development Doosan Corporation Solus Suwon 16229Republic of Korea
| | - H.J. Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences Graduate School Korea University Seoul 02841Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus College of Health Science Korea University Seoul 02841Republic of Korea
| | - K.‐B. Hong
- BK21 Plus College of Health Science Korea University Seoul 02841Republic of Korea
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4
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Lai ACY, Chi PY, Thio CLP, Han YC, Kao HN, Hsieh HW, Gervay-Hague J, Chang YJ. α-Lactosylceramide Protects Against iNKT-Mediated Murine Airway Hyperreactivity and Liver Injury Through Competitive Inhibition of Cd1d Binding. Front Chem 2019; 7:811. [PMID: 31850305 PMCID: PMC6893574 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, which are activated by T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent recognition of lipid-based antigens presented by the CD1d molecule, have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including asthma and liver injury. Previous studies have shown the inhibition of iNKT cell activation using lipid antagonists can attenuate iNKT cell-induced disease pathogenesis. Hence, the development of iNKT cell-targeted glycolipids can facilitate the discovery of new therapeutics. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated α-lactosylceramide (α-LacCer), an α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) analog with lactose substitution for the galactose head and a shortened acyl chain in the ceramide tail, toward iNKT cell activation. We demonstrated that α-LacCer was a weak inducer for both mouse and human iNKT cell activation and cytokine production, and the iNKT induction by α-LacCer was CD1d-dependent. However, when co-administered with α-GalCer, α-LacCer inhibited α-GalCer-induced IL-4 and IFN-γ production from iNKT cells. Consequently, α-LacCer also ameliorated both α-GalCer and GSL-1-induced airway hyperreactivity and α-GalCer-induced neutrophilia when co-administered in vivo. Furthermore, we were able to inhibit the increases of ConA-induced AST, ALT and IFN-γ serum levels through α-LacCer pre-treatment, suggesting α-LacCer could protect against ConA-induced liver injury. Mechanistically, we discerned that α-LacCer suppressed α-GalCer-stimulated cytokine production through competing for CD1d binding. Since iNKT cells play a critical role in the development of AHR and liver injury, the inhibition of iNKT cell activation by α-LacCer present a possible new approach in treating iNKT cell-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Po-Yu Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yun-Chiann Han
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Neng Kao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wu Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Ya-Jen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Shahrabi S, Zayeri ZD, Ansari N, Hadad EH, Rajaei E. Flip-flops of natural killer cells in autoimmune diseases versus cancers: Immunologic axis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16998-17010. [PMID: 30864163 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play an essential role in the immune response to infections, inflammations, and malignancies. Recent studies suggest that NK cell surface receptors and cytokines are the key points of the disease development and protection. We hypothesized that the interactions between NK cell receptors and targeted cells construct an eventual niche, and this niche has an eventual profile in various autoimmune diseases and cancers. The NK cells preactivated with cytokines, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 can have higher cytotoxicity; however, the toxic side effect of IL-2 should be considered. The vicissitudes of NK cell profile and its receptors obey the environmental communications and cell interactions. Our vision around the NK cells as an immune axis remained dual, and we still cannot judge the immune responses based on the NK cell flip-flop. A design of eventual niche to monitor the NK cell and targeted cell interaction is needed to strengthen our ability in diagnosis and treatment approaches based on the NK cells. Here, we have reviewed the shifts in the NK cells and their surface receptors in autoimmune diseases, solid tumors, and leukemia, and also discussed the effective chemokines that affect NK cell activation and proliferation. The main aim of this review is to present a broader vision of the NK cell changes in autoimmune disease and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Zeinab D Zayeri
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Narges Ansari
- Isfahan Bone Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham H Hadad
- Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Rajaei
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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6
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Latxague L, Gaubert A, Barthélémy P. Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Glycoconjugate Amphiphiles. Molecules 2018; 23:E89. [PMID: 29301326 PMCID: PMC6017060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyconanoparticles essentially result from the (covalent or noncovalent) association of nanometer-scale objects with carbohydrates. Such glyconanoparticles can take many different forms and this mini review will focus only on soft materials (colloids, liposomes, gels etc.) with a special emphasis on glycolipid-derived nanomaterials and the chemistry involved for their synthesis. Also this contribution presents Low Molecular Weight Gels (LMWGs) stabilized by glycoconjugate amphiphiles. Such soft materials are likely to be of interest for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Latxague
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Alexandra Gaubert
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Philippe Barthélémy
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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7
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Hsieh HW, Schombs MW, Gervay-Hague J. Integrating ReSET with glycosyl iodide glycosylation in step-economy syntheses of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens and immunogenic glycolipids. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1736-48. [PMID: 24490844 PMCID: PMC3985971 DOI: 10.1021/jo402736g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates mediate a wide range of biological processes, and understanding these events and how they might be influenced is a complex undertaking that requires access to pure glycoconjugates. The isolation of sufficient quantities of carbohydrates and glycolipids from biological samples remains a significant challenge that has redirected efforts toward chemical synthesis. However, progress toward complex glycoconjugate total synthesis has been slowed by the need for multiple protection and deprotection steps owing to the large number of similarly reactive hydroxyls in carbohydrates. Two methodologies, regioselective silyl exchange technology (ReSET) and glycosyl iodide glycosylation have now been integrated to streamline the synthesis of the globo series trisaccharides (globotriaose and isoglobotriaose) and α-lactosylceramide (α-LacCer). These glycoconjugates include tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) and immunostimulatory glycolipids that hold promise as immunotherapeutics. Beyond the utility of the step-economy syntheses afforded by this synthetic platform, the studies also reveal a unique electronic interplay between acetate and silyl ether protecting groups. Incorporation of acetates proximal to silyl ethers attenuates their reactivity while reducing undesirable side reactions. This phenomenon can be used to fine-tune the reactivity of silylated/acetylated sugar building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Wu Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Matthew W. Schombs
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jacquelyn Gervay-Hague
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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8
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Cheng JMH, Dangerfield EM, Timmer MSM, Stocker BL. A divergent approach to the synthesis of iGb3 sugar and lipid analogues via a lactosyl 2-azido-sphingosine intermediate. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2729-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00241e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Isoglobotrihexosylceramide (iGb3, 1) is an immunomodulatory glycolipid that binds to CD1d and is presented to the T-cell receptor (TCR) of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice M. H. Cheng
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Victoria University of Wellington
- Wellington, New Zealand
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research
- Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Emma M. Dangerfield
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Victoria University of Wellington
- Wellington, New Zealand
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research
- Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mattie S. M. Timmer
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Victoria University of Wellington
- Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bridget L. Stocker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Victoria University of Wellington
- Wellington, New Zealand
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research
- Wellington, New Zealand
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9
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East JE, Kennedy AJ, Webb TJ. Raising the roof: the preferential pharmacological stimulation of Th1 and th2 responses mediated by NKT cells. Med Res Rev 2012; 34:45-76. [PMID: 23239102 DOI: 10.1002/med.21276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells serve as a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems, and manipulating their effector functions can have therapeutic significances in the treatment of autoimmunity, transplant biology, infectious disease, and cancer. NKT cells are a subset of T cells that express cell-surface markers characteristic of both natural killer cells and T cells. These unique immunologic cells have been demonstrated to serve as a link between the innate and adaptive immune systems through their potent cytokine production following the recognition of a range of lipid antigens, mediated through presentation of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I like CD1d molecule, in addition to the NKT cell's cytotoxic capabilities upon activation. Although a number of glycolipid antigens have been shown to complex with CD1d molecules, most notably the marine sponge derived glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), there has been debate as to the identity of the endogenous activating lipid presented to the T-cell receptor (TCR) via the CD1d molecule on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This review aims to survey the use of pharmacological agents and subsequent structure-activity relationships (SAR) that have given insight into the binding interaction of glycolipids with both the CD1d molecules as well as the TCR and the subsequent immunologic response of NKT cells. These studies not only elucidate basic binding interactions but also pave the way for future pharmacological modulation of NKT cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E East
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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10
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Zhang Z, Zhao W, Wang B, Xia C, Zhang W, Wang PG. The total synthesis of immunostimulant α-galactosylceramides from naturally configured α-galactoside raffinose. Org Lett 2011; 13:4530-3. [PMID: 21815670 PMCID: PMC3398385 DOI: 10.1021/ol201695n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of absolute anomeric confirmation α-galactosylceramide analogues from raffinose is described. Using the naturally occurring α-galactoside raffinose as the starting material, the easily maneuverable protocol without glycosylation reactions ensured the critical α-linkage in the product and simplified the synthetic procedures. The immunostimulatory activities of the new α-galactosylceramides were validated by both in vitro and in vivo NKT cell stimulation assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peng George Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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11
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Fine tuning by human CD1e of lipid-specific immune responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:14228-33. [PMID: 21844346 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1108809108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CD1e is a member of the CD1 family that participates in lipid antigen presentation without interacting with the T-cell receptor. It binds lipids in lysosomes and facilitates processing of complex glycolipids, thus promoting editing of lipid antigens. We find that CD1e may positively or negatively affect lipid presentation by CD1b, CD1c, and CD1d. This effect is caused by the capacity of CD1e to facilitate rapid formation of CD1-lipid complexes, as shown for CD1d, and also to accelerate their turnover. Similar results were obtained with antigen-presenting cells from CD1e transgenic mice in which lipid complexes are assembled more efficiently and show faster turnover than in WT antigen-presenting cells. These effects maximize and temporally narrow CD1-restricted responses, as shown by reactivity to Sphingomonas paucimobilis-derived lipid antigens. CD1e is therefore an important modulator of both group 1 and group 2 CD1-restricted responses influencing the lipid antigen availability as well as the generation and persistence of CD1-lipid complexes.
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12
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Zhang W, Xia C, Nadas J, Chen W, Gu L, Wang PG. Introduction of aromatic group on 4'-OH of α-GalCer manipulated NKT cell cytokine production. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:2767-76. [PMID: 21439833 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The glycosphingolipid α-GalCer has been found to influence mammalian immune system significantly through the natural killer T cells. Unfortunately, the pre-clinical and clinical studies revealed several critical disadvantages that prevented the therapeutic application of α-GalCer in treating cancer and other diseases. Recently, the detailed illustration of the CD1d/α-GalCer/NKT TCR complex crystal structural, together with other latest structural and biological understanding on glycolipid ligands and NKT cells, provided a new platform for developing novel glycolipid ligands with optimized therapeutic effects. Here, we designed a series of novel aromatic group substituted α-GalCer analogues. The biological activity of these analogues was characterized and the results showed the unique substitution group manipulated the immune responses of NKT cells. Computer modeling and simulation study indicated the analogues had unique binding mode when forming CD1d/glycolipid/NKT TCR complex, comparing to original α-GalCer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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13
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Efficient synthesis of galactosylceramide analogues for iNKT cell stimulation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3859-62. [PMID: 20627566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Glycolipids are potential antigens for iNKT cells recognition and demonstrate important roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. However, the difficulties in the preparation of pure configuration defined glycolipids limit the exploration of their different profiles in activating iNKT cells. We report here a concise and stereospecific preparation of novel galactosylceramide analogues by oxime ligation. This strategy would provide an efficient way to generate varied glycolipid analogues with either synthetic or natural carbohydrates for biological evaluations.
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14
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Xia C, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Chen W, Nadas J, Severin R, Woodward R, Wang B, Wang X, Kronenberg M, Wang PG. The roles of 3' and 4' hydroxy groups in alpha-galactosylceramide stimulation of invariant natural killer T cells. ChemMedChem 2010; 4:1810-5. [PMID: 19780098 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Xia
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, China.
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15
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Yin N, Long X, Goff RD, Zhou D, Cantu C, Mattner J, Saint Mezard P, Teyton L, Bendelac A, Savage PB. Alpha anomers of iGb3 and Gb3 stimulate cytokine production by natural killer T cells. ACS Chem Biol 2009; 4:199-208. [PMID: 19175331 DOI: 10.1021/cb800277n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer T cells (NKT cells) respond to presentation of specific glycolipids with release of a variety of proinflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines. The repertoire of glycolipid antigens for these cells includes alpha-glycosylceramides, alpha-glycosyldiacylglycerols, and the triglycosylceramide iGb3. Two features of iGb3 set it apart from these other antigens: (i) three sugars are required for stimulation and (ii) the glycosidic bond between ceramide and the proximal sugar is beta in iGb3, whereas it is alpha in other antigens. We have synthesized the alpha versions of iGb3 and Gb3 and demonstrate that they are effective antigens for NKT cells and that they do not require lysosomal processing to the monoglycosylceramides for stimulation. These triglycosylceramides constitute a new class of antigen that stimulates NKT cells comparably to monoglycosylceramides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Xiangtian Long
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Randal D. Goff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Dapeng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Carlos Cantu
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Jochen Mattner
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | | | - Luc Teyton
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Albert Bendelac
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Paul B. Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
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