1
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Zhao J, Ma M, Zeng Z, Wan D, Yan X, Xia J, Yu P, Gong D. Production, purification, properties and current perspectives for modification and application of microbial lipases. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:1001-1016. [PMID: 38445829 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2024.2323196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
With the industrialization and development of modern science, the application of enzymes as green and environmentally friendly biocatalysts in industry has been increased widely. Among them, lipase (EC. 3.1.1.3) is a very prominent biocatalyst, which has the ability to catalyze the hydrolysis and synthesis of ester compounds. Many lipases have been isolated from various sources, such as animals, plants and microorganisms, among which microbial lipase is the enzyme with the most diverse enzymatic properties and great industrial application potential. It therefore has promising applications in many industries, such as food and beverages, waste treatment, biofuels, leather, textiles, detergent formulations, ester synthesis, pharmaceuticals and medicine. Although many microbial lipases have been isolated and characterized, only some of them have been commercially exploited. In order to cope with the growing industrial demands and overcome these shortcomings to replace traditional chemical catalysts, the preparation of new lipases with thermal/acid-base stability, regioselectivity, organic solvent tolerance, high activity and yield, and reusability through excavation and modification has become a hot research topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Maomao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zheling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongman Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianghui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiaheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, Auckland, New Zealand
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2
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Chintagavongse N, Kumura H, Hayakawa T, Wakamatsu JI, Tamano K. Identification of cheese rancidity-related lipases in Aspergillus oryzae AHU 7139. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:381-387. [PMID: 38429186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The adjunct product with enzymatic activity from Aspergillus oryzae is beneficial for flavor enrichment in the ripened cheese. However, an excessive lipolytic reaction leads to the release of volatile free fatty acids. Accordingly, a strong off-flavor (i.e., rancidity) has been detected when A. oryzae AHU 7139 is used. To identify the rancidity-related lipase from this strain, we evaluated the substrate specificity and lipase distribution using five mutants cultured on a whey-based solid medium under different initial pH conditions. The results showed a higher diacylglycerol lipase activity than triacylglycerol lipase activity. Moreover, an initial pH of 6.5 for the culture resulted in higher lipolytic activity than a pH of 4.0, and most of the activity was found in the extracellular fraction. Based on the gene expression analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction and location and substrate specificity, five genes (No. 1, No. 19, mdlB, tglA, and cutL) were selected among 25 annotated lipase genes to identify the respective knockout strains. Because ΔtglA and ΔmdlB showed an outstanding involvement in the release of free fatty acids, these strains were applied to in vitro cheese curd experiments. In conclusion, we posit that triacylglycerol lipase (TglA) plays a key role as the trigger of rancidity and the resulting diglycerides have to be exposed to diacylglycerol lipase (MdlB) to stimulate rancidity in cheese made with A. oryzae AHU 7139. This finding could help screen suitable A.oryzae strains as cheese adjuncts to prevent the generation of the rancid-off flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napaporn Chintagavongse
- Laboratory of Applied Food Science, Graduate School and Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9, W9, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Haruto Kumura
- Laboratory of Applied Food Science, Graduate School and Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9, W9, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
| | - Toru Hayakawa
- Laboratory of Applied Food Science, Graduate School and Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9, W9, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Wakamatsu
- Laboratory of Applied Food Science, Graduate School and Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9, W9, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Koichi Tamano
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8517, Japan
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3
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Engineering the Thermostability of the Mono- and Diacylglycerol Lipase SMG1 for the Synthesis of Diacylglycerols. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244069. [PMID: 36553811 PMCID: PMC9778158 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerols (DAGs) display huge application prospectives in food industries. Therefore, new strategies to produce diacylglycerides are needed. Malassezia globose lipase (SMG1) could be used to synthesize DAGs. However, the poor thermostability of SMG1 seriously hampers its application. Herein, a rational design was used to generate a more thermostable SMG1. Compared with the wild type (WT), the M5D mutant (Q34P/A37P/M176V/G177A/M294R/ G28C-P206C), which contains five single-point mutations and one additional disulfide bond, displayed a 14.0 °C increase in the melting temperature (Tm), 5 °C in the optimal temperature, and 1154.3-fold in the half-life (t1/2) at 55 °C. Meanwhile, the specific activity towards DAGs of the M5D variant was improved by 3.0-fold compared to the WT. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that the M5D mutant showed an improved rigid structure. Additionally, the WT and the M5D variants were immobilized and used for the production of DAGs. Compared with the WT, the immobilized M5D-catalyzed esterification showed a 9.1% higher DAG content and a 22.9% increase in residual activity after nine consecutive cycles. This study will pave the way for the industrial application of SMG1.
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Godoy CA, Pardo-Tamayo JS, Barbosa O. Microbial Lipases and Their Potential in the Production of Pharmaceutical Building Blocks. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9933. [PMID: 36077332 PMCID: PMC9456414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Processes involving lipases in obtaining active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are crucial to increase the sustainability of the industry. Despite their lower production cost, microbial lipases are striking for their versatile catalyzing reactions beyond their physiological role. In the context of taking advantage of microbial lipases in reactions for the synthesis of API building blocks, this review focuses on: (i) the structural origins of the catalytic properties of microbial lipases, including the results of techniques such as single particle monitoring (SPT) and the description of its selectivity beyond the Kazlauskas rule as the "Mirror-Image Packing" or the "Key Region(s) rule influencing enantioselectivity" (KRIE); (ii) immobilization methods given the conferred operative advantages in industrial applications and their modulating capacity of lipase properties; and (iii) a comprehensive description of microbial lipases use as a conventional or promiscuous catalyst in key reactions in the organic synthesis (Knoevenagel condensation, Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reactions, Markovnikov additions, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, racemization, among others). Finally, this review will also focus on a research perspective necessary to increase microbial lipases application development towards a greener industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A. Godoy
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biocatálisis y Biotransformaciones (LIBB), Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería de los Procesos Agroalimentarios y Biotecnológicos (GIPAB), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia
| | - Juan S. Pardo-Tamayo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biocatálisis y Biotransformaciones (LIBB), Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería de los Procesos Agroalimentarios y Biotecnológicos (GIPAB), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia
| | - Oveimar Barbosa
- Grupo de Investigación de Materiales Porosos (GIMPOAT), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Tolima, Ibague 730001, Colombia
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Possible Charged Residue Switch for Acylglycerol Selectivity of Lipase MAS1. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5119-5131. [PMID: 35695952 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid residues lining the substrate binding pocket play quite an important role during the lipase catalytic process. The conversion of those residues might cause a dramatic change in the lipase properties, such as the substrate selectivity of lipase. In our study, T237 residue sitting on the entrance of the catalytic pocket in lipase MAS1 was important for the catalytic performance. When replacing polar Thr with the positively charged Arg, the synthesis ratio of partial glycerides/triglycerides increases to 6.32 rather than 1.21 of MAS1 wild type (WT), as the substrate ratio of glycerol and fatty acids is 1:3. And the fatty acid preference shifted to long-chain substrates for mutant T237R rather than middle-chain substrates for MAS1 WT. Molecular docking analysis revealed that hydrophobic and side chain properties of Arg might contribute to the change of the MAS1 lipase catalytic performance. This work would pave a way for the accurate rational transformation of the lipases to produce value lipid for industrial application.
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6
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Improved Foods Using Enzymes from Basidiomycetes. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the kingdom of fungi, the division Basidiomycota represents more than 30,000 species, some with huge genomes indicating great metabolic potential. The fruiting bodies of many basidiomycetes are appreciated as food (“mushrooms”). Solid-state and submerged cultivation processes have been established for many species. Specifically, xylophilic fungi secrete numerous enzymes but also form smaller metabolites along unique pathways; both groups of compounds may be of interest to the food processing industry. To stimulate further research and not aim at comprehensiveness in the broad field, this review describes some recent progress in fermentation processes and the knowledge of fungal genetics. Processes with potential for food applications based on lipases, esterases, glycosidases, peptidases and oxidoreductases are presented. The formation and degradation of colourants, the degradation of harmful food components, the formation of food ingredients and particularly of volatile and non-volatile flavours serve as examples. In summary, edible basidiomycetes are foods—and catalysts—for food applications and rich donors of genes to construct heterologous cell factories for fermentation processes. Options arise to support the worldwide trend toward greener, more eco-friendly and sustainable processes.
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7
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Xing YN, Tan J, Wang Y, Wang J. Enhancing the thermostability of a mono- and diacylglycerol lipase from Malassizia globose by stabilizing a flexible loop in the catalytic pocket. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 149:109849. [PMID: 34311886 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A lipase from Malassizia globose, named SMG1, is highly desirable for industrial application due to its substrate specificity towards mono- and diacylglycerol. To improve its thermostability, we constructed a mutant library using an error-prone polymerase chain reaction, which was screened for both initial and residual enzymatic activity. Selected mutants were further studied using purified proteins for their kinetic thermostability at 45 ℃, T50 (the temperature at which the enzyme loses half of its activity), and the optimal reaction temperature. Results showed that the majority of mutations with improved thermostability were on the protein surface. D245N and L270P showed the most significant thermostability enhancement with an approximately 3 ℃ increase in T50 compared to wild-type (WT). In addition, combining these two mutations resulted in an increase of T50 by 5 °C. Also, the optimal reaction temperatures of L270P and this double mutant are 10 ℃ higher than WT. The double mutant showed an approximately 100-fold increase in half-life at 45 ℃ and higher enzymatic activities at 30 ℃ and above compared to WT. High-temperature unfolding molecular dynamics simulation suggested that the double mutant stabilized a flexible loop in the catalytic pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ni Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Jie Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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8
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Ahmed I, Rehman SU, Shahmohamadnejad S, Zia MA, Ahmad M, Saeed MM, Akram Z, Iqbal HMN, Liu Q. Therapeutic Attributes of Endocannabinoid System against Neuro-Inflammatory Autoimmune Disorders. Molecules 2021; 26:3389. [PMID: 34205169 PMCID: PMC8199938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, various sites like cannabinoid receptors (CBR) having a binding affinity with cannabinoids are distributed on the surface of different cell types, where endocannabinoids (ECs) and derivatives of fatty acid can bind. The binding of these substance(s) triggers the activation of specific receptors required for various physiological functions, including pain sensation, memory, and appetite. The ECs and CBR perform multiple functions via the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1); cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), having a key effect in restraining neurotransmitters and the arrangement of cytokines. The role of cannabinoids in the immune system is illustrated because of their immunosuppressive characteristics. These characteristics include inhibition of leucocyte proliferation, T cells apoptosis, and induction of macrophages along with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion. The review seeks to discuss the functional relationship between the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and anti-tumor characteristics of cannabinoids in various cancers. The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids for cancer-both in vivo and in vitro clinical trials-has also been highlighted and reported to be effective in mice models in arthritis for the inflammation reduction, neuropathic pain, positive effect in multiple sclerosis and type-1 diabetes mellitus, and found beneficial for treating in various cancers. In human models, such studies are limited; thereby, further research is indispensable in this field to get a conclusive outcome. Therefore, in autoimmune disorders, therapeutic cannabinoids can serve as promising immunosuppressive and anti-fibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishtiaq Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China;
- School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia;
| | - Saif Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China;
| | - Shiva Shahmohamadnejad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176-13151, Iran;
| | - Muhammad Anjum Zia
- Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.A.Z.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (SBBUVAS), Sakrand 67210, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Muzammal Saeed
- Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.A.Z.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Zain Akram
- School of Medical Science, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia;
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849 Monterrey, Mexico;
| | - Qingyou Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China;
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9
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Lan D, Zhao G, Holzmann N, Yuan S, Wang J, Wang Y. Structure-Guided Rational Design of a Mono- and Diacylglycerol Lipase from Aspergillus oryzae: A Single Residue Mutant Increases the Hydrolysis Ability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5344-5352. [PMID: 33929832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineering of enzymes on the basis of protein structures are rational and efficient approaches to acquire biocatalysts of desired performances. In this study, we focused on a special mono- and diacylglycerol lipase (MDGL) isolated from the lipolytic enzyme-enriched fungus Aspergillus oryzae and discovered improved variants based on its crystal structure. We first solved the crystal structure of Aspergillus oryzae lipase (AOL) at 1.7 Å resolution. Structure analysis and sequence alignment of AOL and other MDGLs revealed that the residue V269 is of vital importance for catalysis. Replacement of the V269 in AOL with the corresponding residues in other MDGLs has led to noticeable changes in hydrolysis without sacrificing the thermostability and substrate specificity. Among the investigated variants, V269D exhibited about a six-fold higher hydrolysis activity compared to the wild type. Molecular dynamics simulations and protein-ligand interaction frequency analyses revealed that the Asp substitution enhanced the substrate affinity of AOL. Our work sheds light on understanding the catalytic process of AOL and helps tailoring MDGLs with desired catalytic performance to fulfill the demand for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Lan
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Zhao
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Nicole Holzmann
- Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuguang Yuan
- Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of life sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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10
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Fatima S, Faryad A, Ataa A, Joyia FA, Parvaiz A. Microbial lipase production: A deep insight into the recent advances of lipase production and purification techniques. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:445-458. [PMID: 32881094 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Importance of enzymes is ever-rising particularly microbial lipases holding great industrial worth owing to their potential to catalyze a diverse array of chemical reactions in aqueous as well as nonaqueous settings. International lipase market is anticipated to cross USD 797.7 million till 2025, rising at a 6.2% compound annual growth rate from 2017 to 2025. The recent breakthrough in the field of lipase research is the generation of new and upgraded versions of lipases via molecular strategies. For example, integration of rational enzyme design and directed enzyme evolution to attain desired properties in lipases. Normally, purification of lipase with significant purity is achieved through a multistep procedure. Such multiple step approach of lipase purification entails both conventional and novel techniques. The present review attempts to provide an overview of different aspects of lipase production including fermentation techniques, factors affecting lipase production, and purification strategies, with the aim to assist researchers to pick a suitable technique for the production and purification of lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Fatima
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Faryad
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asia Ataa
- Department of Biochemistry, Baha-ud-Din Zakariya, University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Ahmad Joyia
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Parvaiz
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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11
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Javed S, Azeem F, Hussain S, Rasul I, Siddique MH, Riaz M, Afzal M, Kouser A, Nadeem H. Bacterial lipases: A review on purification and characterization. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 132:23-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Malassezia globosa Mg MDL2 lipase: Crystal structure and rational modification of substrate specificity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:259-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Zhou P, Lan D, Popowicz GM, Wang X, Yang B, Wang Y. Enhancing H2O2 resistance of an esterase from Pyrobaculum calidifontis by structure-guided engineering of the substrate binding site. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5689-5697. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Böttcher D, Zägel P, Schmidt M, Bornscheuer UT. A Microtiter Plate-Based Assay to Screen for Active and Stereoselective Hydrolytic Enzymes in Enzyme Libraries. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1539:197-204. [PMID: 27900690 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6691-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A procedure for the high-throughput screening (HTS) of esterases is described. This includes a pretest for discrimination of active and inactive clones using an agar plate overlay assay, the enzyme expression in microtiter plates and the measurement of activity and enantioselectivity (E) of the esterase variants using acetates of secondary alcohols as model substrates. Acetic acid released is converted in an enzyme cascade leading to the stoichiometric formation of NADH, which is quantified in a spectrophotometer. The method allows screening of several thousand mutants per day and has already been successfully applied to identify an esterase mutant with an E > 100 towards an important building block for organic synthesis. This protocol can also be used for lipases and possibly other hydrolases that are expressed in soluble form in conventional E. coli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Böttcher
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patrick Zägel
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marlen Schmidt
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany.
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15
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Yuan D, Wu Z, Wang Y. Evolution of the diacylglycerol lipases. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 64:85-97. [PMID: 27568643 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol lipases (DGLs) mainly catalyze "on-demand" biosynthesis of bioactive monoacylglycerols (MAGs) with different long fatty acyl chains, including 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), 2-linoleoylglycerol (2-LG), 2-oleoylglycerol (2-OG) and 2-palmitoylglycerol (2-PG). Enzymatic characterization of DGLs, their expression and distribution, and functional features has been elucidated from microorganisms to mammals in some extent. In mammals, biosynthesis, degradation and metabolism of these bioactive lipids intertwine and form a complicated biochemical pathway to affect the mammal neuromodulation of central nervous system and also other physiological processes in most peripheral organs and non-nervous tissue cells, and yet we still do not know if the neuromodulatory role of mammal DGL and MAGs is similar to invertebrates. Tracing the evolutionary history of DGLs from microorganisms to vertebrates will be an essential method to infer DGL and MAG research in organisms. In this review, we give an exhaustive explanation of the ancestral origin, divergence and evolutionary pattern through systemic searching of DGL orthologs in different species. Finally, we also summarize our recent work on the structural and functional studies of DGL in order to explore usage of DGLs in industry and the development of inhibitors for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Yuan
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China; College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China.
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Sommer B, Overy DP, Haltli B, Kerr RG. Secreted lipases from Malassezia globosa: recombinant expression and determination of their substrate specificities. Microbiology (Reading) 2016; 162:1069-1079. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Sommer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
- Nautilus Biosciences Canada, Duffy Research Center, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - David P. Overy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
- Nautilus Biosciences Canada, Duffy Research Center, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - Bradley Haltli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
- Nautilus Biosciences Canada, Duffy Research Center, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
| | - Russell G. Kerr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
- Nautilus Biosciences Canada, Duffy Research Center, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3
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Kelly AA, Feussner I. Oil is on the agenda: Lipid turnover in higher plants. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1253-1268. [PMID: 27155216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lipases hydrolyze ester bonds within lipids. This process is called lipolysis. They are key players in lipid turnover and involved in numerous metabolic pathways, many of which are shared between organisms like the mobilization of neutral or storage lipids or lipase-mediated membrane lipid homeostasis. Some reactions though are predominantly present in certain organisms, such as the production of signaling molecules (endocannabinoids) by diacylglycerol (DAG) and monoacylglycerol (MAG) lipases in mammals and plants or the jasmonate production in flowering plants. This review aims at giving an overview of the different functional classes of lipases and respective well-known activities, with a focus on the most recent findings in plant biology for selected classes. Here we will put an emphasis on the physiological role and contribution of lipases to the turnover of neutral lipids found in seed oil and other vegetative tissue as candidates for increasing the economical values of crop plants. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie A Kelly
- Georg-August-University, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Georg-August-University, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Georg-August-University, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Georg-August-University, International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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18
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Guo S, Popowicz GM, Li D, Yuan D, Wang Y. Lid mobility in lipase SMG1 validated using a thiol/disulfide redox potential probe. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:477-83. [PMID: 27419053 PMCID: PMC4856426 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Most lipases possess a lid domain above the catalytic site that is responsible for their activation. Lipase SMG1 from Malassezia globose CBS 7966 (Malassezia globosa LIP1), is a mono‐ and diacylglycerol lipase with an atypical loop‐like lid domain. Activation of SMG1 was proposed to be solely through a gating mechanism involving two residues (F278 and N102). However, through disulfide bond cross‐linking of the lid, this study shows that full activation also requires mobility of the lid domain, contrary to a previous proposal. The newly introduced disulfide bond makes lipase SMG1 eligible as a ratiometric thiol/disulfide redox potential probe, when it is coupled with chromogenic substrates. This redox‐switch lipase could also be of potential use in cascade biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Guo
- School of Light Industry and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Grzegorz Maria Popowicz
- Institute of Structural Biology Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH) Neuherberg Germany
| | - Daoming Li
- School of Light Industry and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Dongjuan Yuan
- School of Light Industry and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
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Ferrer M, Bargiela R, Martínez-Martínez M, Mir J, Koch R, Golyshina OV, Golyshin PN. Biodiversity for biocatalysis: A review of the α/β-hydrolase fold superfamily of esterases-lipases discovered in metagenomes. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2016.1151416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Guo S, Xu J, Pavlidis IV, Lan D, Bornscheuer UT, Liu J, Wang Y. Structure of product-bound SMG1 lipase: active site gating implications. FEBS J 2015; 282:4538-47. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Guo
- School of Light Industry and Food Science; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Jinxin Xu
- School of Light Industry and Food Science; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Ioannis V. Pavlidis
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis; Institute of Biochemistry; University of Greifswald; Germany
| | - Dongming Lan
- School of Light Industry and Food Science; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis; Institute of Biochemistry; University of Greifswald; Germany
| | - Jinsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease; Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health; Chinese Academy of Sciences; China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Light Industry and Food Science; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
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