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Dow XY, Gao Q, Sperduto JL, Wen X, Thai C, Zhang L, McCoy MA. High-Throughput Fluorometric Assay For Quantifying Polysorbate In Biopharmaceutical Products Using Micelle Activated Fluorescence Probe N-Phenyl-1-Naphthylamine. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1455-1473. [PMID: 38955997 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polysorbates are among the most used surfactants in biopharmaceutical products containing proteins. Our work aims to develop a high-throughput fluorometric assay to further diversify the analytical toolbox for quantification of PSs. METHOD The assay leverages the micelle activated fluorescence signal from N-Phenyl-1-Naphthylamine (NPN). The development and optimization of assay parameters were guided by the pre-defined analytical target profile. Furthermore, NMR was used to probe the interaction between protein, PS80 and NPN in the measurement system and understand protein interference. RESULTS All assay parameters including excitation and emission wavelengths, standard curve, NPN concentration, and incubation time have been optimized and adapted to a microplate format, making it compatible with automated solutions that will be pursued in the near future to drive consistency and efficiency in our workflows. The specificity, accuracy, and precision of the assay have been demonstrated through a case study. Furthermore, NMR results provided additional insight into the change of the interaction dynamics between PS80 and NPN as the protein concentration increases. The results indicate minimal interaction between the protein and PS80 at lower concentration. However, when the concentration exceeds 75 mg/mL, there is a significant interaction between the protein and PS-80 micelle and monomer. CONCLUSION A high-throughput fluorometric assay has been developed for quantification of polysorbates in biopharmaceutical samples including in-process samples, drug substance and drug product. The assay reported herein could serve as a powerful analytical tool for polysorbate quantification and control, complementing the widely used liquid chromatography with charged aerosol detection method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximeng Y Dow
- Analytical Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA.
| | - Qi Gao
- Analytical Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E Lincoln Ave, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - John L Sperduto
- Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Xiaona Wen
- Analytical Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Christopher Thai
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Analytical Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Mark A McCoy
- Quantitative Biosciences, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E Lincoln Ave, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
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2
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Li M, Falk BT, Lu X, Schroder R, Mccoy M, Xu W, Yin DH, Gindy ME, D'Addio SM, Su Y. Molecular Mechanism of Antimicrobial Excipient-Induced Aggregation in Parenteral Formulations of Peptide Therapeutics. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3267-3278. [PMID: 35917158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial preservatives are used as functional excipients in multidose formulations of biological therapeutics to destroy or inhibit the growth of microbial contaminants, which may be introduced by repeatedly administering doses. Antimicrobial agents can also induce the biophysical instability of proteins and peptides, which presents a challenge in optimizing the drug product formulation. Elucidating the structural basis for aggregation aids in understanding the underlying mechanism and can offer valuable knowledge and rationale for designing drug substances and drug products; however, this remains largely unexplored due to the lack of high-resolution characterization. In this work, we utilize solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as an advanced biophysical tool to study an acylated 31-residue peptide, acyl-peptide A, and its interaction with commonly used antimicrobial agents, benzyl alcohol and m-cresol. Our results suggest that acyl-peptide A forms soluble octamers in the aqueous solution, which tumble slowly due to an increased molecular weight as measured by diffusion ordered spectroscopy and 1H relaxation measurement. The addition of benzyl alcohol does not induce aggregation of acyl-peptide A and has no chemical shift perturbation in 1H-1H NOESY spectra, suggesting no detectable interaction with the peptide. In contrast, the addition of 1% (w/v) m-cresol results in insoluble aggregates composed of 25% (w/w) peptides after a 24-hour incubation at room temperature as quantified by 1H NMR. Interestingly, 1H-13C heteronuclear single-quantum coherence and 1H-1H total correlation experiment spectroscopy have identified m-cresol and peptide interactions at specific residues, including Met, Lys, Glu, and Gln, suggesting that there may be a combination of hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions with m-cresol driving this phenomenon. These site-specific interactions have promoted the formation of higher-order oligomerization such as dimers and trimers of octamers, eventually resulting in insoluble aggregates. Our study has elucidated a structural basis of m-cresol-induced self-association that can inform the optimized design of drug substances and products. Moreover, it has demonstrated solution NMR as a high-resolution tool to investigate the structure and dynamics of biological drug products and provide an understanding of excipient-induced peptide and protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Li
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Bradley T Falk
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ryan Schroder
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mark Mccoy
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Wei Xu
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Daniel H Yin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Marian E Gindy
- Small Molecule Science and Technology, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Suzanne M D'Addio
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Yongchao Su
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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3
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Pissarnitski DA, Kekec A, Yan L, Zhu Y, Feng DD, Huo P, Madsen-Duggan C, Moyes CR, Nargund RP, Kelly T, Zhang X, Carballo-Jane E, Gorski J, Zafian P, Qatanani M, Kaarsholm N, Meng F, Jia X, Lee KJ, Wang W, Xu S, Hohn MJ, Iammarino MJ, McCoy MA, Okoh GA, Liang Y, Hollingsworth SA, Erion MD, Kelley DE, Garbaccio RM, Zhang A, Mu J, Lin S. Discovery of Insulin Receptor Partial Agonists MK-5160 and MK-1092 as Novel Basal Insulins with Potential to Improve Therapeutic Index. J Med Chem 2022; 65:5593-5605. [PMID: 35298158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a series of novel insulin receptor partial agonists (IRPAs) with a potential to mitigate the risk of hypoglycemia associated with the use of insulin as an antidiabetic treatment. These molecules were designed as dimers of native insulin connected via chemical linkers of variable lengths with optional capping groups at the N-terminals of insulin chains. Depending on the structure, the maximal activation level (%Max) varied in the range of ∼20-70% of native insulin, and EC50 values remained in sub-nM range. Studies in minipig and dog demonstrated that IRPAs had sufficient efficacy to normalize plasma glucose levels in diabetes, while providing reduction of hypoglycemia risk. IRPAs had a prolonged duration of action, potentially making them suitable for once-daily dosing. Two lead compounds with %Max values of 30 and 40% relative to native insulin were selected for follow up studies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmet Kekec
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Lin Yan
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yuping Zhu
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Danqing D Feng
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Pei Huo
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | | | - Ravi P Nargund
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Terri Kelly
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Judith Gorski
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Peter Zafian
- Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Mo Qatanani
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Niels Kaarsholm
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Fanyu Meng
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xiujuan Jia
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Keun-Joong Lee
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Weixun Wang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Sherrie Xu
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Michael J Hohn
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Mark A McCoy
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Grace A Okoh
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yingkai Liang
- Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | | | - Mark D Erion
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - David E Kelley
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Amy Zhang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - James Mu
- Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Songnian Lin
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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4
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Mukherjee D, Trigo-Mouriño P, Jiang Y, Nowak T, Shchurik V, Adpressa DA, Louie MT, Reynolds SR, Hohn MJ, Al-Sayah MA, Pirrone GF, Makarov AA. Rapid antibody conformational screening by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2055-2063. [PMID: 35108448 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of cancer biology have accelerated the discovery and development of novel biopharmaceuticals. At the forefront of these drug development efforts are high-throughput screening, compressed timelines and limited sample quantities, all characteristic of the discovery space. To meet program targets, large numbers of protein variants must be produced, screened, and characterized, presenting a daunting analytical challenge. Additionally, higher-order structure is paramount for protein function and must be monitored as a critical quality attribute. Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization MS has been utilized as an ultra-fast, automatable, sample-sparing analytical tool for biomolecules. Our group has published applications integrating Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange MS with Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization MS for the rapid conformational characterization of small proteins, the current work expands this application to monoclonal and bi-specific antibodies. This study demonstrates the ability of the methodology Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange MS to detect conformational differences between bi-specific antibodies from different expression host. These conformational differences were validated by orthogonal techniques including Circular Dichroism, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Size-Exclusion Chromatography Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange MS. This work demonstrates the utility of applying the developed methodology as a rapid conformational screening tool to triage samples for further analytical characterization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopreeti Mukherjee
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pablo Trigo-Mouriño
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Timothy Nowak
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir Shchurik
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Donovon A Adpressa
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Michael J Hohn
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Gregory F Pirrone
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexey A Makarov
- Merck & Co. Inc., MRL, Analytical Research & Development, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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5
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Panchal J, Falk BT, Antochshuk V, McCoy MA. Investigating protein-excipient interactions of a multivalent V HH therapeutic protein using NMR spectroscopy. MAbs 2022; 14:2124902. [PMID: 36166705 PMCID: PMC9519013 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2022.2124902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multispecific therapeutic proteins come in a variety of formats, including bi- and tri-specific antibodies, dual-variable domain antibodies, and CrossMabs. These multivalent proteins are engineered to interact with multiple therapeutic target proteins with high specificity. Multi-domain proteins can be created by linking together a variety of high-affinity antibody fragments. The choice of protein domains and linkers not only affects the interactions of these molecules with therapeutic targets but also influences the intrinsic behavior in solution that affects their stability. The complexity of solution interactions may translate into developability and manufacturing challenges. Here, we use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the solution behavior of a multivalent VHH molecule composed of three flexibly linked heavy-chain-only domains that show dramatic stabilization against thermal degradation in the presence of sucrose. A collection of NMR fingerprinting and profiling methods were used to simultaneously monitor the protein solution behavior and capture details of protein–excipient interactions. We provide a framework to characterize and begin to understand the role of molecular flexibility in protein stabilization with potential applications in the design of novel therapeutic protein scaffolds that include multivalent proteins, fusion proteins, antibody-drug conjugates, and proteins modified with flexible lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jainik Panchal
- Sterile and Specialty Products, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, NJ (United States)
| | - Bradley T Falk
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysics, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, NJ United States
| | - Valentyn Antochshuk
- Sterile and Specialty Products, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, NJ (United States)
| | - Mark A McCoy
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysics, Merck & Co Inc, Kenilworth, NJ United States
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6
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Ban D, Rice CT, McCoy MA. Quantification of natural abundance NMR data differentiates the solution behavior of monoclonal antibodies and their fragments. MAbs 2021; 13:1978132. [PMID: 34612804 PMCID: PMC8496538 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1978132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutics are an important class of molecules for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. They include low molecular weight peptides, highly engineered protein scaffolds and monoclonal antibodies. During their discovery and development, assessments of the biophysical attributes is critical to understanding the solution behavior of therapeutic proteins and for de-risking liabilities. Thus, methods that can quantify, characterize, and provide a basis to inform risks and drive the selection of more optimal antibody and alternative scaffolds are needed. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a technique that provides a means to probe antibody and antibody-like molecules in solution, at atomic resolution, under any formulated conditions. Here, all samples were profiled at natural abundance requiring no isotope enrichment. We present a numerical approach that quantitates two-dimensional methyl spectra. The approach was tested with a reference dataset that contained different types of antibody and antibody-like molecules. This dataset was processed through a procedure we call a Random Sampling of NMR Peaks for Covariance Analysis. This analysis revealed that the first two components were well correlated with the hydrodynamic radius of the molecules included in the reference set. Higher-order principal components were also linked to dynamic features between different tethered antibody-like molecules and contributed to decisions around candidate selection. The reference set provides a basis to characterize molecules with unknown solution behavior and is sensitive to the behavior of a molecule formulated under different conditions. The approach is independent of protein design, scaffold, formulation and provides a facile method to quantify solution behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ban
- Department of Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Cory T Rice
- Department of Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Mark A McCoy
- Department of Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
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7
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Bramham JE, Podmore A, Davies SA, Golovanov AP. Comprehensive Assessment of Protein and Excipient Stability in Biopharmaceutical Formulations Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:288-295. [PMID: 33659867 PMCID: PMC7906489 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Biopharmaceutical proteins are important drug therapies in the treatment of a range of diseases. Proteins, such as antibodies (Abs) and peptides, are prone to chemical and physical degradation, particularly at the high concentrations currently sought for subcutaneous injections, and so formulation conditions, including buffers and excipients, must be optimized to minimize such instabilities. Therefore, both the protein and small molecule content of biopharmaceutical formulations and their stability are critical to a treatment's success. However, assessing all aspects of protein and small molecule stability currently requires a large number of analytical techniques, most of which involve sample dilution or other manipulations which may themselves distort sample behavior. Here, we demonstrate the application of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study both protein and small molecule content and stability in situ in high-concentration (100 mg/mL) Ab formulations. We show that protein degradation (aggregation or fragmentation) can be detected as changes in 1D 1H NMR signal intensity, while apparent relaxation rates are specifically sensitive to Ab fragmentation. Simultaneously, relaxation-filtered spectra reveal the presence and degradation of small molecule components such as excipients, as well as changes in general solution properties, such as pH. 1H NMR spectroscopy can thus provide a holistic overview of biopharmaceutical formulation content and stability, providing a preliminary characterization of degradation and acting as a triaging step to guide further analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack E. Bramham
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - Adrian Podmore
- Dosage
Form Design & Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K.
| | - Stephanie A. Davies
- Dosage
Form Design & Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K.
| | - Alexander P. Golovanov
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
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9
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Falk BT, Liang Y, Bailly M, Raoufi F, Kekec A, Pissarnitski D, Feng D, Yan L, Lin S, Fayadat-Dilman L, McCoy MA. NMR Assessment of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins: Correlations That Reveal Interactions and Motions. Chembiochem 2019; 21:315-319. [PMID: 31283075 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
NMR measurements of rotational and translational diffusion are used to characterize the solution behavior of a wide variety of therapeutic proteins and peptides. The timescales of motions sampled in these experiments reveal complicated intrinsic solution behavior such as flexibility, that is central to function, as well as self-interactions, stress-induced conformational changes and other critical attributes that can be discovery and development liabilities. Trends from proton transverse relaxation (R2 ) and hydrodynamic radius (Rh ) are correlated and used to identify and differentiate intermolecular from intramolecular interactions. In this study, peptide behavior is consistent with complicated multimer self-assembly, while multi-domain protein behavior is dominated by intramolecular interactions. These observations are supplemented by simulations that include effects from slow transient interactions and rapid internal motions. R2 -Rh correlations provide a means to profile protein motions as well as interactions. The approach is completely general and can be applied to therapeutic and target protein characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley T Falk
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysics, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Yingkai Liang
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sunneytown Pike, West Point, PA, 19486, USA
| | - Marc Bailly
- Protein Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Fahimeh Raoufi
- Protein Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ahmet Kekec
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Dmitri Pissarnitski
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Dennis Feng
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Lin Yan
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Songnian Lin
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | | | - Mark A McCoy
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysics, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
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10
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Falk BT, Liang Y, McCoy MA. Profiling Insulin Oligomeric States by 1H NMR Spectroscopy for Formulation Development of Ultra-Rapid-Acting Insulin. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:922-926. [PMID: 31449814 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Formulations that can increase the dissociation of insulin oligomers into monomers/dimers are important considerations in the development of ultra-rapid-acting insulins with faster onset and shorter duration of actions. Here we present a novel strategy to characterize the oligomeric states of insulin in solution that leverages the ability of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess higher-order structure of proteins in solution. The oligomeric structures and solution behaviors of 2 fast-acting insulins, aspart and lispro, with varying excipient concentrations were studied using 1D and diffusion profiling methods. These methods can provide insight on the structural differences and distributions of the molecular association states in different insulin formulations, which is consistent with other orthogonal biophysical characterization tools. In addition, these methods also highlight their sensitivity to subtle changes in solution behaviors in response to excipient that are difficult to monitor with other tools. This work introduces the utility of 1D and diffusion profiling methods to characterize the oligomeric assembly of fast-acting insulins, suggesting promising applications in compound screening, excipient selection, and formulation development of fast-acting insulins as well as other peptide or protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley T Falk
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033
| | - Yingkai Liang
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - Mark A McCoy
- Mass Spectrometry and Biophysics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033.
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11
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Taraban MB, DePaz RA, Lobo B, Yu YB. Use of Water Proton NMR to Characterize Protein Aggregates: Gauging the Response and Sensitivity. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4107-4115. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc B. Taraban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Roberto A. DePaz
- Dosage Form Design and Development, MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Brian Lobo
- Dosage Form Design and Development, MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Y. Bruce Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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