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Gibney A, Kellett A. Gene Editing with Artificial DNA Scissors. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401621. [PMID: 38984588 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Artificial metallo-nucleases (AMNs) are small molecule DNA cleavage agents, also known as DNA molecular scissors, and represent an important class of chemotherapeutic with high clinical potential. This review provides a primary level of exploration on the concepts key to this area including an introduction to DNA structure, function, recognition, along with damage and repair mechanisms. Building on this foundation, we describe hybrid molecules where AMNs are covalently attached to directing groups that provide molecular scissors with enhanced or sequence specific DNA damaging capabilities. As this research field continues to evolve, understanding the applications of AMNs along with synthetic conjugation strategies can provide the basis for future innovations, particularly for designing new artificial gene editing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gibney
- SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland
| | - Andrew Kellett
- SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland
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2
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Droghetti F, Begato F, Raulin M, Musiu G, Licini G, Natali M, Zonta C. Strong Enhancement in Cobalt(II)-TPMA Aqueous Hydrogen Photosynthesis through Intramolecular Proton Relay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408316. [PMID: 39008428 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Photosynthetic hydrogen generation by cobalt(II) tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) complexes is mainly limited by protonation kinetics and decomposition routes involving demetallation. In the present work we have explored the effects of both proton shuttles and improved rigidity on the catalytic ability of cobalt(II) TPMA complexes. Remarkably, we demonstrate that, while a small enhancement in the catalytic performance is attained in a rigid cage structure, the introduction of ammonium groups as proton transfer relays in close proximity to the cobalt center allows to reach a 4-fold increase in the quantum efficiency of H2 formation, and a surprising 22-fold gain in the maximum turnover number, at low catalyst concentration. The beneficial role of the ammonium relays in promoting faster intramolecular proton transfer to the reduced cobalt center is documented by transient absorption spectroscopy, showcasing the great relevance of tuning the catalyst periphery to achieve efficient catalysis of solar fuel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Droghetti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federico Begato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Melvin Raulin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Gioia Musiu
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Licini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Mirco Natali
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristiano Zonta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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3
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Alcalde-Ordóñez A, Barreiro-Piñeiro N, McGorman B, Gómez-González J, Bouzada D, Rivadulla F, Vázquez ME, Kellett A, Martínez-Costas J, López MV. A copper(ii) peptide helicate selectively cleaves DNA replication foci in mammalian cells. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14082-14091. [PMID: 38098723 PMCID: PMC10718067 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of copper-based artificial nucleases as potential anticancer agents has been hampered by their poor selectivity in the oxidative DNA cleavage process. An alternative strategy to solve this problem is to design systems capable of selectively damaging noncanonical DNA structures that play crucial roles in the cell cycle. We designed an oligocationic CuII peptide helicate that selectively binds and cleaves DNA three-way junctions (3WJs) and induces oxidative DNA damage via a ROS-mediated pathway both in vitro and in cellulo, specifically at DNA replication foci of the cell nucleus, where this DNA structure is transiently generated. To our knowledge, this is the first example of a targeted chemical nuclease that can discriminate with high selectivity 3WJs from other forms of DNA both in vitro and in mammalian cells. Since the DNA replication process is deregulated in cancer cells, this approach may pave the way for the development of a new class of anticancer agents based on copper-based artificial nucleases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alcalde-Ordóñez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Natalia Barreiro-Piñeiro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Bioquímica e Bioloxía Molecular, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Bríonna McGorman
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Jacobo Gómez-González
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - David Bouzada
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Francisco Rivadulla
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - M Eugenio Vázquez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Andrew Kellett
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - José Martínez-Costas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Bioquímica e Bioloxía Molecular, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Miguel Vázquez López
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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4
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Mikame Y, Yamayoshi A. Recent Advancements in Development and Therapeutic Applications of Genome-Targeting Triplex-Forming Oligonucleotides and Peptide Nucleic Acids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2515. [PMID: 37896275 PMCID: PMC10609763 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in artificial nucleic acid and drug delivery systems present possibilities for the symbiotic engineering of therapeutic oligonucleotides, such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs). Employing these technologies, triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) or peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) can be applied to the development of symbiotic genome-targeting tools as well as a new class of oligonucleotide drugs, which offer conceptual advantages over antisense as the antigene target generally comprises two gene copies per cell rather than multiple copies of mRNA that are being continually transcribed. Further, genome editing by TFOs or PNAs induces permanent changes in the pathological genes, thus facilitating the complete cure of diseases. Nuclease-based gene-editing tools, such as zinc fingers, CRISPR-Cas9, and TALENs, are being explored for therapeutic applications, although their potential off-target, cytotoxic, and/or immunogenic effects may hinder their in vivo applications. Therefore, this review is aimed at describing the ongoing progress in TFO and PNA technologies, which can be symbiotic genome-targeting tools that will cause a near-future paradigm shift in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mikame
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyomachi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Asako Yamayoshi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyomachi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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5
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Yang X, Xu Y, Fu J, Shen Z. Nanoparticle delivery of TFOs is a novel targeted therapy for HER2 amplified breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:680. [PMID: 37468837 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The human EGFR2 (HER2) signaling pathway is one of the most actively studied targets in cancer transformation research. Ttriplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) activate DNA damage and induce apoptosis. We aim to encapsulate TFO-HER2 with nano-particle ZW-128 to suppress breast cell growth in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We designed a set of TFO fragments targeting HER2 and verified their effectiveness. We encapsulated TFO-HER2 in ZW-128 to form nano-drug TFO@ZW-128. Cell counting kit 8, flow cytometry, and western blotting were used to evaluate the effect of TFO@ZW-128 on cell proliferation and the expressions of related proteins. The ant-itumor effect of TFO@ZW-128 was evaluated in vivo using nude mice breast cancer model. RESULTS TFO@ZW-128 had efficient cellular uptake in amplified HER2 breast cancer cells. TFO@ZW-128 showed an 80-fold increase in TFO utilization compared with TFO-HER2 in the nude mouse breast cancer model. Meanwhile, TFO@ZW-128 dramatically inhibited the growth of HER2-overexpressing tumors compared with TFO-HER2 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, TFO@ZW-128-induced cell apoptosis was in a p53-independent manner. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we designed nano-drug TFO@ZW-128, which has proven effective and non-toxic in targeted therapy for ectopic HER2-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Yang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200333, China.
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Li C, Zhou Z, Ren C, Deng Y, Peng F, Wang Q, Zhang H, Jiang Y. Triplex-forming oligonucleotides as an anti-gene technique for cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1007723. [PMID: 36618947 PMCID: PMC9811266 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1007723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) can bind to the major groove of double-stranded DNA with high specificity and affinity and inhibit gene expression. Triplex-forming oligonucleotides have gained prominence because of their potential applications in antigene therapy. In particular, the target specificity of triplex-forming oligonucleotides combined with their ability to suppress oncogene expression has driven their development as anti-cancer agents. So far, triplex-forming oligonucleotides have not been used for clinical treatment and seem to be gradually snubbed in recent years. But triplex-forming oligonucleotides still represent an approach to down-regulate the expression of the target gene and a carrier of active substances. Therefore, in the present review, we will introduce the characteristics of triplex-forming oligonucleotides and their anti-cancer research progress. Then, we will discuss the challenges in their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Zunzhen Zhou
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Deng
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiongfen Wang
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hong Zhang, ; Yuan Jiang,
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Hong Zhang, ; Yuan Jiang,
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7
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McGorman B, Fantoni NZ, O'Carroll S, Ziemele A, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T, Kellett A. Enzymatic Synthesis of Chemical Nuclease Triplex-Forming Oligonucleotides with Gene-Silencing Applications. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:5467-5481. [PMID: 35640595 PMCID: PMC9177962 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) are short, single-stranded oligomers that hybridise to a specific sequence of duplex DNA. TFOs can block transcription and thereby inhibit protein production, making them highly appealing in the field of antigene therapeutics. In this work, a primer extension protocol was developed to enzymatically prepare chemical nuclease TFO hybrid constructs, with gene-silencing applications. Click chemistry was employed to generate novel artificial metallo-nuclease (AMN)-dNTPs, which were selectively incorporated into the TFO strand by a DNA polymerase. This purely enzymatic protocol was then extended to facilitate the construction of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) modified TFOs that displayed increased thermal stability. The utility of the enzymatically synthesised di-(2-picolyl)amine (DPA)-TFOs was assessed and compared to a specifically prepared solid-phase synthesis counterpart through gel electrophoresis, quantitative PCR, and Sanger sequencing, which revealed similar recognition and damage properties to target genes. The specificity was then enhanced through coordinated designer intercalators-DPQ and DPPZ-and high-precision DNA cleavage was achieved. To our knowledge, this is the first example of the enzymatic production of an AMN-TFO hybrid and is the largest base modification incorporated using this method. These results indicate how chemical nuclease-TFOs may overcome limitations associated with non-molecularly targeted metallodrugs and open new avenues for artificial gene-editing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bríonna McGorman
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Nicolò Zuin Fantoni
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, UK
| | - Sinéad O'Carroll
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Anna Ziemele
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, UK.,Department of Science and Mathematics, Suez University, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining, Engineering, Suez 43721, Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.,SSPC, the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
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8
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Anjomshoa M, Amirheidari B. Nuclease-like metalloscissors: Biomimetic candidates for cancer and bacterial and viral infections therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2022; 458:214417. [PMID: 35153301 PMCID: PMC8816526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the extensive and rapid discovery of modern drugs for treatment of cancer, microbial infections, and viral illnesses; these diseases are still among major global health concerns. To take inspiration from natural nucleases and also the therapeutic potential of metallopeptide antibiotics such as the bleomycin family, artificial metallonucleases with the ability of promoting DNA/RNA cleavage and eventually affecting cellular biological processes can be introduced as a new class of therapeutic candidates. Metal complexes can be considered as one of the main categories of artificial metalloscissors, which can prompt nucleic acid strand scission. Accordingly, biologists, inorganic chemists, and medicinal inorganic chemists worldwide have been designing, synthesizing and evaluating the biological properties of metal complexes as artificial metalloscissors. In this review, we try to highlight the recent studies conducted on the nuclease-like metalloscissors and their potential therapeutic applications. Under the light of the concurrent Covid-19 pandemic, the human need for new therapeutics was highlighted much more than ever before. The nuclease-like metalloscissors with the potential of RNA cleavage of invading viral pathogens hence deserve prime attention.
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Banasiak A, Zuin Fantoni N, Kellett A, Colleran J. Mapping the DNA Damaging Effects of Polypyridyl Copper Complexes with DNA Electrochemical Biosensors. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030645. [PMID: 35163909 PMCID: PMC8838702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several classes of copper complexes are known to induce oxidative DNA damage that mediates cell death. These compounds are potentially useful anticancer agents and detailed investigation can reveal the mode of DNA interaction, binding strength, and type of oxidative lesion formed. We recently reported the development of a DNA electrochemical biosensor employed to quantify the DNA cleavage activity of the well-studied [Cu(phen)2]2+ chemical nuclease. However, to validate the broader compatibility of this sensor for use with more diverse—and biologically compatible—copper complexes, and to probe its use from a drug discovery perspective, analysis involving new compound libraries is required. Here, we report on the DNA binding and quantitative cleavage activity of the [Cu(TPMA)(N,N)]2+ class (where TPMA = tris-2-pyridylmethylamine) using a DNA electrochemical biosensor. TPMA is a tripodal copper caging ligand, while N,N represents a bidentate planar phenanthrene ligand capable of enhancing DNA interactions through intercalation. All complexes exhibited electroactivity and interact with DNA through partial (or semi-) intercalation but predominantly through electrostatic attraction. Although TPMA provides excellent solution stability, the bulky ligand enforces a non-planar geometry on the complex, which sterically impedes full interaction. [Cu(TPMA)(phen)]2+ and [Cu(TPMA)(DPQ)]2+ cleaved 39% and 48% of the DNA strands from the biosensor surface, respectively, while complexes [Cu(TPMA)(bipy)]2+ and [Cu(TPMA)(PD)]2+ exhibit comparatively moderate nuclease efficacy (ca. 26%). Comparing the nuclease activities of [Cu(TPMA)(phen)] 2+ and [Cu(phen)2]2+ (ca. 23%) confirms the presence of TPMA significantly enhances chemical nuclease activity. Therefore, the use of this DNA electrochemical biosensor is compatible with copper(II) polypyridyl complexes and reveals TPMA complexes as a promising class of DNA damaging agent with tuneable activity due to coordinated ancillary phenanthrene ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Banasiak
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin 8, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Nicolò Zuin Fantoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK;
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, D09 NR58 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, D09 NR58 Dublin, Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid-State Pharmaceutical Centre, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, D09 NR58 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (J.C.); Tel.: +353-1-700-5461 (A.K.); +353-1-220-5562 (J.C.)
| | - John Colleran
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin 8, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland;
- Central Quad Grangegorman, School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 7, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (J.C.); Tel.: +353-1-700-5461 (A.K.); +353-1-220-5562 (J.C.)
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Hennessy J, McGorman B, Molphy Z, Farrell NP, Singleton D, Brown T, Kellett A. A Click Chemistry Approach to Targeted DNA Crosslinking with
cis
‐Platinum(II)‐Modified Triplex‐Forming Oligonucleotides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hennessy
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology Dublin City University, Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Bríonna McGorman
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology Dublin City University, Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Zara Molphy
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology Dublin City University, Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid-State Pharmaceutical Centre School of Chemical Sciences Dublin City University, Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Nicholas P. Farrell
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284-2006 USA
| | - Daniel Singleton
- ATDBio Ltd. School of Chemistry University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Tom Brown
- ATDBio Ltd. School of Chemistry University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
- Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology Dublin City University, Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid-State Pharmaceutical Centre School of Chemical Sciences Dublin City University, Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland
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11
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Hennessy J, McGorman B, Molphy Z, Farrell NP, Singleton D, Brown T, Kellett A. A Click Chemistry Approach to Targeted DNA Crosslinking with cis-Platinum(II)-Modified Triplex-Forming Oligonucleotides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202110455. [PMID: 34652881 PMCID: PMC9299770 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Limitations of clinical platinum(II) therapeutics include systemic toxicity and inherent resistance. Modern approaches, therefore, seek new ways to deliver active platinum(II) to discrete nucleic acid targets. In the field of antigene therapy, triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) have attracted interest for their ability to specifically recognise extended duplex DNA targets. Here, we report a click chemistry based approach that combines alkyne-modified TFOs with azide-bearing cis-platinum(II) complexes-based on cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and carboplatin motifs-to generate a library of PtII -TFO hybrids. These constructs can be assembled modularly and enable directed platinum(II) crosslinking to purine nucleobases on the target sequence under the guidance of the TFO. By covalently incorporating modifications of thiazole orange-a known DNA-intercalating fluorophore-into PtII -TFOs constructs, enhanced target binding and discrimination between target and off-target sequences was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hennessy
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular BiotechnologyDublin City University, GlasnevinDublin9Ireland
| | - Bríonna McGorman
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular BiotechnologyDublin City University, GlasnevinDublin9Ireland
| | - Zara Molphy
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular BiotechnologyDublin City University, GlasnevinDublin9Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid-State Pharmaceutical CentreSchool of Chemical SciencesDublin City University, GlasnevinDublin9Ireland
| | - Nicholas P. Farrell
- Department of ChemistryVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23284-2006USA
| | - Daniel Singleton
- ATDBio Ltd.School of ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Tom Brown
- ATDBio Ltd.School of ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular BiotechnologyDublin City University, GlasnevinDublin9Ireland
- Synthesis and Solid-State Pharmaceutical CentreSchool of Chemical SciencesDublin City University, GlasnevinDublin9Ireland
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12
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Agrahari AK, Bose P, Jaiswal MK, Rajkhowa S, Singh AS, Hotha S, Mishra N, Tiwari VK. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Click Chemistry in Glycoscience and Their Diverse Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7638-7956. [PMID: 34165284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between organic azides and terminal alkynes, commonly known as CuAAC or click chemistry, has been identified as one of the most successful, versatile, reliable, and modular strategies for the rapid and regioselective construction of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as diversely functionalized molecules. Carbohydrates, an integral part of living cells, have several fascinating features, including their structural diversity, biocompatibility, bioavailability, hydrophilicity, and superior ADME properties with minimal toxicity, which support increased demand to explore them as versatile scaffolds for easy access to diverse glycohybrids and well-defined glycoconjugates for complete chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological investigations. This review highlights the successful development of CuAAC or click chemistry in emerging areas of glycoscience, including the synthesis of triazole appended carbohydrate-containing molecular architectures (mainly glycohybrids, glycoconjugates, glycopolymers, glycopeptides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycoclusters, and glycodendrimers through regioselective triazole forming modular and bio-orthogonal coupling protocols). It discusses the widespread applications of these glycoproducts as enzyme inhibitors in drug discovery and development, sensing, gelation, chelation, glycosylation, and catalysis. This review also covers the impact of click chemistry and provides future perspectives on its role in various emerging disciplines of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand K Agrahari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Priyanka Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Manoj K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sanchayita Rajkhowa
- Department of Chemistry, Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology (JIST), Jorhat, Assam 785010, India
| | - Anoop S Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science and Engineering Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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13
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Fantoni NZ, Brown T, Kellett A. DNA-Targeted Metallodrugs: An Untapped Source of Artificial Gene Editing Technology. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2184-2205. [PMID: 33570813 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA binding metal complexes are synonymous with anticancer drug discovery. Given the array of structural and chemical reactivity properties available through careful design, metal complexes have been directed to bind nucleic acid structures through covalent or noncovalent binding modes. Several recognition modes - including crosslinking, intercalation, and oxidation - are central to the clinical success of broad-spectrum anticancer metallodrugs. However, recent progress in nucleic acid click chemistry coupled with advancement in our understanding of metal complex-nucleic acid interactions has opened up new avenues in genetic engineering and targeted therapies. Several of these applications are enabled by the hybridisation of oligonucleotide or polyamine probes to discrete metal complexes, which facilitate site-specific reactivity at the nucleic acid interface under the guidance of the probe. This Review focuses on recent advancements in hybrid design and, by way of an introduction to this topic, we provide a detailed overview of nucleic acid structures and metal complex-nucleic acid interactions. Our aim is to provide readers with an insight on the rational design of metal complexes with DNA recognition properties and an understanding of how the sequence-specific targeting of these interactions can be achieved for gene engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Zuin Fantoni
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for, Cellular Biotechnology and Nano Research Facility, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland
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14
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Fantoni NZ, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T. A Hitchhiker's Guide to Click-Chemistry with Nucleic Acids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7122-7154. [PMID: 33443411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Click chemistry is an immensely powerful technique for the fast and efficient covalent conjugation of molecular entities. Its broad scope has positively impacted on multiple scientific disciplines, and its implementation within the nucleic acid field has enabled researchers to generate a wide variety of tools with application in biology, biochemistry, and biotechnology. Azide-alkyne cycloadditions (AAC) are still the leading technology among click reactions due to the facile modification and incorporation of azide and alkyne groups within biological scaffolds. Application of AAC chemistry to nucleic acids allows labeling, ligation, and cyclization of oligonucleotides efficiently and cost-effectively relative to previously used chemical and enzymatic techniques. In this review, we provide a guide to inexperienced and knowledgeable researchers approaching the field of click chemistry with nucleic acids. We discuss in detail the chemistry, the available modified-nucleosides, and applications of AAC reactions in nucleic acid chemistry and provide a critical view of the advantages, limitations, and open-questions within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Zuin Fantoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.,Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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15
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Lauria T, Slator C, McKee V, Müller M, Stazzoni S, Crisp AL, Carell T, Kellett A. A Click Chemistry Approach to Developing Molecularly Targeted DNA Scissors. Chemistry 2020; 26:16782-16792. [PMID: 32706904 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid click chemistry was used to prepare a family of chemically modified triplex forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) for application as a new gene-targeted technology. Azide-bearing phenanthrene ligands-designed to promote triplex stability and copper binding-were 'clicked' to alkyne-modified parallel TFOs. Using this approach, a library of TFO hybrids was prepared and shown to effectively target purine-rich genetic elements in vitro. Several of the hybrids provide significant stabilisation toward melting in parallel triplexes (>20 °C) and DNA damage can be triggered upon copper binding in the presence of added reductant. Therefore, the TFO and 'clicked' ligands work synergistically to provide sequence-selectivity to the copper cutting unit which, in turn, confers high stabilisation to the DNA triplex. To extend the boundaries of this hybrid system further, a click chemistry-based di-copper binding ligand was developed to accommodate designer ancillary ligands such as DPQ and DPPZ. When this ligand was inserted into a TFO, a dramatic improvement in targeted oxidative cleavage is afforded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Lauria
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland
| | - Creina Slator
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland
| | - Vickie McKee
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland.,Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Markus Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Samuele Stazzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Antony L Crisp
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland.,CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland
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