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Guo B, Yu Y, Wang M, Li R, He X, Tang S, Liu Q, Mao Y. Targeting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway with natural plants and phytochemical ingredients: A novel therapeutic method for combatting cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116313. [PMID: 38377736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to introduce the roles and mechanisms of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in various cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and myocardial ischemiareperfusion. In addition, the effects of phytochemical ingredients and different natural plants, mainly traditional Chinese medicines, on the regulation of different cardiovascular diseases via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway are discussed. Surprisingly, the JAK2 pathway has dual roles in different cardiovascular diseases. Future research should focus on the dual regulatory effects of different phytochemical ingredients and natural plants on JAK2 to pave the way for their use in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Guo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Yunfeng Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Min Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Ronghui Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xuan He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Siqin Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Qili Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yilin Mao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410005, China.
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Elsayed SH, Fares NH, Elsharkawy SH, Mahmoud YI. Flaxseed lignans alleviates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating myocardial remodeling and oxidative stress. Ultrastruct Pathol 2023; 47:1-8. [PMID: 36789548 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2175944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, the leading global cause of death, are usually associated with cardiac hypertrophy (CH). CH is an adaptive response of the heart against cardiac overloading, but continuous CH accelerates cardiac remodeling and results in heart failure. Available CH therapies delay the progress of heart failure, but they often fail to control symptoms or restore quality of life. Although flaxseed lignans have been shown to have significant anti-oxidant, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects in various cardiovascular diseases, little is known about their effect on CH. Thus, this study evaluated the therapeutic effect of flaxseed lignans on CH, which was induced by subcutaneous injections with isoproterenol (5 mg/kg b.w) for 14 consecutive days. Flaxseed lignans (200 mg/kg) was given orally for 4 weeks. Cardiac pathological remodeling was evaluated by echocardiography, after which morphometric, biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural analyses were performed. Flaxseed lignans significantly ameliorated CH structural and functional alterations as shown by echocardiography. Lignans also reduced the relative heart weight, significantly decreased the elevated CK-MB and the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde, augmented the myocardial total antioxidant capacity, and ameliorated the histopathological and ultrastructural changes in cardiac tissues and prevented interstitial collagen deposition. The results demonstrate promising anti-hypertrophic effect of flaxseed lignans against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy, via regulating myocardial remodeling and oxidative stress. Therefore, lignans could be used as potential pharmacological intervention in the management of CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa H Elsayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagui H Fares
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar H Elsharkawy
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yomna I Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Nyamweya B, Rukshala D, Fernando N, de Silva R, Premawansa S, Handunnetti S. Cardioprotective Effects of Vitex negundo: A Review of Bioactive Extracts and Compounds. J Evid Based Integr Med 2023; 28:2515690X231176622. [PMID: 37279951 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x231176622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been accumulating interest in the application of medicinal plants as alternative medicine to treat various diseases and/or to develop modern medicines. Vitex negundo is one of such medicinal plants that has been of interest to many researchers and has been of use in traditional medicine. V. negundo is found in Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Malaysia, India, China, The Philippines and East Africa. Therapeutic properties of V. negundo have previously been reviewed. Different parts, preparations and bioactive components of V. negundo possess potential protective and therapeutic effects against cardiovascular disease and related conditions as demonstrated in previous studies. We review the present state of scientific knowledge on the potential use of V. negundo and some of its bioactive components in protecting against cardiovascular diseases and related pathologies. Previous studies in animal and non-animal experimental models, although limited in number and vary in design, seem to support the cardioprotective effect of V. negundo and some of its active components. However, there is need for further preclinical and clinical studies to validate the use of V. negundo and its active constituents in protection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, since only a few V. negundo compounds have been evaluated, specific cardioprotective effects or mechanisms and possible side effects of other V. negundo compounds need to be extensively evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface Nyamweya
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilani Rukshala
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Narmada Fernando
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Rajiva de Silva
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
| | - Sunil Premawansa
- Departments of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Shiroma Handunnetti
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
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Xia S, Chen L, Li Z, Li Y, Zhou Y, Sun S, Su Y, Xu X, Shao J, Zhang Z, Kong D, Zhang F, Zheng S. Qingchang Wenzhong Decoction reduce ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting Th17 lymphocyte differentiation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154460. [PMID: 36182798 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qingchang Wenzhong Decoction (QCWZD), a chinese herbal prescription, is widely used for ulcerative colitis (UC). Nevertheless, the active ingredients and mechanism of QCWZD in UC have not yet been explained clearly. PURPOSE This research focuses on the identification of the effective ingredients of QCWZD and the prediction and verification of their potential targets. METHODS The UC mice were established by adding 3.0% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to sterile water for one week. Concurrently, mice in the treatment group were gavage QCWZD or mesalazine. LC-MS analyzed the main components absorbed after QCWZD treatment, and network pharmacology predicted their possible targets. ELISA, qPCR, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence experiments were used to evaluate the colonic inflammation level and the intestinal barrier completeness. The percentage of Th17 and Treg lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS After QCWZD treatment, twenty-seven compounds were identified from the serum. In addition, QCWZD treatment significantly reduced the increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by DSS in the colonic. In addition, QCWZD can reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors in serum and promote the expression of mRNAs and proteins of occludin and ZO-1. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that inhibiting IL-6-STAT3 pathway may be necessary for QCWZD to treat UC. Flow cytometry analysis showed that QCWZD can restore the normal proportion of Th17 lymphocytes in UC mice. Mechanistically, QCWZD inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK2-STAT3 pathway, reducing the transcriptional activation of RORγT and IL-17A. CONCLUSIONS Overall, for the first time, our work revealed the components of QCWZD absorbed into blood, indicated that the effective ingredients of QCWZD may inhibit IL-6-STAT3 pathway and inhibit the differentiation of Th17 lymphocytes to reduce colon inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Xia
- Chinese Medicine Modernization and Big Data Research Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210022, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Li Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhanghao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Sumin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ying Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xuefen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zili Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Desong Kong
- Chinese Medicine Modernization and Big Data Research Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210022, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Zhao H, Wang Y, Zhu X. Chrysophanol exerts a protective effect against sepsis-induced acute myocardial injury through modulating the microRNA-27b-3p/Peroxisomal proliferating-activated receptor gamma axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12673-12690. [PMID: 35599576 PMCID: PMC9275920 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2063560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a leading contributor to the death of inpatients, results in severe organ dysfunction as complications. The heart is one of the major organs attacked by sepsis, and the effective control of the inflammatory cascade reaction in sepsis is of great significance in alleviating sepsis-associated acute myocardial injury (S-AMI). Chrysophanol, a natural anthraquinone, has been discovered to carry anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this paper is to probe the impact of Chrysophanol on S-AMI. An S-AMI model was engineered in rats via CLP. Pathological alterations in the myocardial tissues of rats were monitored. qRT-PCR, ELISA, and western blot measured the profiles of miR-27b-3p, Peroxisomal proliferating-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), and inflammatory response proteins (NF-κB-p65, MAPK-p38, JNK1/2). Besides, miR-27b-3p mimics were transfected into cardiomyocytes, and the proliferation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were examined through MTT and flow cytometry. As evidenced by the experimental outcomes, chrysophanol suppressed sepsis-mediated acute myocardial injury and LPS-mediated apoptosis in myocardial cells and lessened the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory response proteins. Moreover, chrysophanol cramped miR-27b-3p expression and heightened PPARG expression. miR-27b-3p targeted PPARG and restrained its expression. On the other hand, the PPARG agonist (RGZ) partially eliminated the apoptosis and pro-inflammatory responses of myocardial cells elicited by LPS. Therefore, this study revealed that Chrysophanol guarded against sepsis-mediated acute myocardial injury through dampening inflammation and apoptosis via the miR-27b-3p-PPARG axis, adding to the references for treating sepsis-AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhao
- Dry Treatment Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Xishan, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Xichang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Dry Treatment Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Xichang, China
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Liu X, Han W, An N, Cao N, Wu T, Yang S, Ding L, Chen X, Chen C, Aruhan, Zhang Y, Wang K, Suo L, Huang J, Wang J, Zhao X, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Yang B. Kanglexin protects against cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction in mice by TGF-β1/ERK1/2 noncanonical pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:572637. [PMID: 33519438 PMCID: PMC7840489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological manifestation accompanied by various heart diseases, and antifibrotic therapy is an effective strategy to prevent diverse pathological processes of the cardiovascular system. We currently report the pharmacological evaluation of a novel anthraquinone compound (1,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone-3-oxy ethyl succinate) named Kanglexin (KLX), as a potent cardioprotective agent with antifibrosis activity. Our results demonstrated that the administration of KLX by intragastric gavage alleviated cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgical operation. Meanwhile, KLX administration relieved endothelial to mesenchymal transition of TAC mice. In TGF β1-treated primary cultured adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), KLX inhibited cell proliferation and collagen secretion. Also, KLX suppressed the transformation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts in CFs. Further studies revealed that KLX-mediated cardiac protection was due to the inhibitory role of TGF-β1/ERK1/2 noncanonical pathway. In summary, our study indicates that KLX attenuated cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction of TAC mice, providing a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for heart pathological remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weina Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Na An
- Science and Technology Park, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Na Cao
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Ding
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Aruhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lianhuan Suo
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiuxin Zhu
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Hepatoprotective Potency of Chrysophanol 8- O-Glucoside from Rheum palmatum L. against Hepatic Fibrosis via Regulation of the STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239044. [PMID: 33261209 PMCID: PMC7730872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhubarb is a well-known herb worldwide and includes approximately 60 species of the Rheum genus. One of the representative plants is Rheum palmatum, which is prescribed as official rhubarb due to its pharmacological potential in the Korean and Chinese pharmacopoeia. In our bioactive screening, we found out that the EtOH extract of R. palmatum inhibited hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). Chemical investigation of the EtOH extract led to the isolation of chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside, which was determined by structural analysis using NMR spectroscopic techniques and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS). To elucidate the effects of chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside on HSC activation, activated LX-2 cells were treated for 48 h with chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside, and α-SMA and collagen, HSC activation markers, were measured by comparative quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blotting analysis. Chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside significantly inhibited the protein and mRNA expression of α-SMA and collagen compared with that in TGF-β1-treated LX-2 cells. Next, the expression of phosphorylated SMAD2 (p-SMAD2) and p-STAT3 was measured and the translocation of p-STAT3 to the nucleus was analyzed by western blotting analysis. The expression of p-SMAD2 and p-STAT3 showed that chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside strongly downregulated STAT3 phosphorylation by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of p-STAT3, which is an important mechanism in HSC activation. Moreover, chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside suppressed the expression of p-p38, not that of p-JNK or p-Erk, which can activate STAT3 phosphorylation and inhibit MMP2 expression, the downstream target of STAT3 signaling. These findings provided experimental evidence concerning the hepatoprotective effects of chrysophanol 8-O-glucoside against liver damage and revealed the molecular basis underlying its anti-fibrotic effects through the blocking of HSC activation.
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Xie XJ, Li CQ. Chrysophanol Protects Against Acute Heart Failure by Inhibiting JNK1/2 Pathway in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e926392. [PMID: 33044948 PMCID: PMC7566230 DOI: 10.12659/msm.926392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute heart failure (AHF) usually requires urgent therapy. Myocardial damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation are major components in the pathology of AHF. This study was designed to investigate the effects of chrysophanol on AHF. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with isoprenaline hydrochloride to construct AHF rat models. AHF rats were treated with normal saline (negative control), chrysophanol, the combination of chrysophanol and SP600125, or benazepril (positive control) using sham rats as blank controls. Echocardiography, histological staining, and enzyme activity analysis were performed to assess the heart functions and myocardial damage. Effects on apoptosis, oxidative stress (OS), and inflammation were evaluated by biochemical analysis, TUNEL staining, and ELISA. RESULTS Chrysophanol improved the parameters of cardiac functions and alleviated the myocardial damage accompanied by the reduction of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Meanwhile, chrysophanol inhibited the myocardial apoptosis along with the upregulation of Bcl-2 and downregulation of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. AHF-induced abnormal changes of OS parameters (MDA, GPx, CAT, SOD) and inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1ß, TNF-alpha, IFN-γ) were alleviated by chrysophanol. Benazepril treatment showed similar results with chrysophanol, while the addition of SP600125 enhanced the chrysophanol-mediated protection effects in AHF rats. Western blot analysis demonstrated that chrysophanol inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 and its upstream/downstream factors. CONCLUSIONS Chrysophanol improved cardiac functions and protected against myocardial damage, apoptosis, OS, and inflammation by inhibiting activation of the JNK1/2 pathway in AHF rat models. These finding indicate that chrysophanol may be a promising approach for treatment of AHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
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Liu Y, Liu C, Zhang X, Liu Z, Yan X. Chrysophanol protects PC12 cells against oxygen glucose deprivation-evoked injury by up-regulating miR-216a. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1433-1442. [PMID: 32401588 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1731655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral stroke refers to an acute onset of neurological deficit syndrome. In this research, we attempted to probe into the underlying mechanisms by which chrysophanol (CP) performed its regulatory roles in cerebral stroke. Methods OGD inducement was conducted in PC12 cells to construct a cerebral stroke model. Subsequently, CCK-8 assay, western blot, flow cytometry were utilized to determine cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis, respectively. qRT-PCR was employed for detecting miR-216a expression level. Afterward, cell transfection was performed to alter miR-216a expression. Further, experiments were conducted to determine the expression of crucial factors participated in PI3 K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 pathways for exploring the underlying mechanisms. Results OGD inducement suppressed cell viability, while promoted cell apoptosis. Besides, it enhanced the expression of proliferation-associated p53, p21, and apoptosis-associated Bax, and Cleaved-caspase-3, while suppressed the expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, CHR exposure ameliorated the effects that OGD-evoked, and elevated the expression of miR-216a, as well as the expression of crucial factors participated in PI3 K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 pathways. However, miR-216a silencing markedly reversed the effects triggered by CHR exposure. Conclusion CHR exposure relieved OGD-evoked PC12 cell damage by elevating miR-216a expression and thereby activating of PI3 K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining, China
| | - Chuanqian Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining, China
| | - Xipeng Yan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining No.1 People's Hospital , Jining, China
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Simultaneous Determination of 13 Constituents of Radix Polygoni Multiflori in Rat Plasma and Its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study. Int J Anal Chem 2020; 2020:4508374. [PMID: 32190053 PMCID: PMC7072103 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4508374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Polygoni Multiflori (RPM) has been widely used to treat various diseases in Asian countries for many centuries. Although, stilbenes and anthraquinones, two major components of RPM, show various bioactive effects, it has been speculated that the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity induced by RPM may be related to these constituents. However, information on the pharmacokinetics of stilbenes and anthraquinones at a subtoxic dose of RPM is limited. A simple and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS bioanalytical method for the simultaneous determination of 13 ingredients of RPM, including chrysophanol, emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein, physcion, questin, citreorosein, questinol, 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, torachrysone-8-O-glucoside, chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside, and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside, in rat plasma was established. Acetonitrile was employed to precipitate the plasma with appropriate sensitivity and acceptable matrix effects. Chromatographic separation was performed using a waters HSS C18 column with a gradient elution using water and acetonitrile both containing 0.025% formic acid within a run time of 9 min. The constituents were detected in negative ionization mode using multiple reaction monitoring. The method was fully validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effects, and stability. The lower limit of quantitation of the analytes was 0.1–1 ng/mL. The intrabatch and interbatch accuracies were 87.1–109%, and the precision was within the acceptable limits. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of RPM extract to rats at a subtoxic dose of 36 g/kg.
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Gao J, Zhang K, Wang Y, Guo R, Liu H, Jia C, Sun X, Wu C, Wang W, Du J, Chen J. A machine learning-driven study indicates emodin improves cardiac hypertrophy by modulation of mitochondrial SIRT3 signaling. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104739. [PMID: 32135248 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an enormous risk factor in the process of heart failure development, however, there is still lack of effective treatment for CH. Mitochondrial protection is an effective way against CH. Rheum palmatum L. (rhubarb) has been used to treat chronic heart diseases such as heart failure, especially to inhibit cardiac compensatory enlargement. The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacodynamic component of rhubarb and reveal its pharmacological effects and targets in the treatment of CH. Based on network pharmacology and machine learning approach, ingredients of rhubarb and targets for CH were extracted and surflex docking was conducted for obtaining the optimal ingredient-target combination(s) and emodin-SIRT3 was identified for further functional analysis. Transverse aortic constriction or isoproterenol induced CH mice and phenylephrine injured cardiomyocytes were used to verify the mitochondria protection effect and CH improvement of emodin in vivo and in vitro by modulation of mitochondrial SIRT3 signaling. The results showed that emodin could block agonist-induced and pressure overload-mediated CH. Emodin prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and its underlying mechanism was attributed to the activation of SIRT3, but the effect was not obvious with the presence of SIRT3 inhibitors (3-TYP)/SIRT3 siRNA. Furthermore, PGC-1ɑ was involved in the process of emodin regulating SIRT3 signaling pathway as an upstream target. Our findings clarified the main material basis and mechanism of rhubarb in the treatment of CH. Emodin, as the major ingredient of rhubarb, has therapeutic potential for CH through mitochondrial protection due to the modulation of SIRT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kunlin Zhang
- Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Caixia Jia
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chaoyong Wu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jie Du
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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