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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Liang Z, Meng Z, Zhang X, Ma G, Chen Y, Zhang M, Su Y, Li Z, Liang Y, Niu H. Modification of lysine-260 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation destabilizes ALDH1A1 expression to regulate bladder cancer progression. iScience 2023; 26:108142. [PMID: 37867947 PMCID: PMC10585400 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
ALDH1A1 is one of the classical stem cell markers for bladder cancer. Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a newfound modification to modulate the protein expression, and the underlying mechanisms of how ALDH1A1 was regulated by Khib modification in bladder cancer remains unknown. Here, ALDH1A1 showed a decreased K260hib modification, as identified by protein modification omics in bladder cancer. Decreasing ALDH1A1 expression significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Moreover, K260hib modification is responsible for the activity of ALDH1A1 in bladder cancer, which is regulated by HDAC2/3. Higher K260hib modification on ALDH1A1 promotes protein degradation through chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and ALDH1A1 K260hib could sensitize bladder cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Higher ALDH1A1 expression with a lower K260hib modification indicates a poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. Overall, we demonstrated that K260hib of ALDH1A1 can be used as a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhijuan Liang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Meng
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guofeng Ma
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuanbin Chen
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yinjie Su
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ye Liang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Haitao Niu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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2
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Piperi C, Saurty-Seerunghen MS, Levidou G, Sepsa A, Trigka EA, Klonou A, Markouli M, Strepkos D, Spyropoulou A, Kanakoglou DS, Lakiotaki E, Karatrasoglou EA, Boviatsis E, El-Habr EA, Korkolopoulou P. Glioma Cells Expressing High Levels of ALDH5A1 Exhibit Enhanced Migration Transcriptional Signature in Patient Tumors. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:881-895. [PMID: 36976494 PMCID: PMC10275844 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01354-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data shows that altered metabolic activity contributes to glioma development. Recently, modulation of SSADH (succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase) expression, implicated in the catabolism of GABA neurotransmitter, was shown to impact glioma cell properties, such as proliferation, self-renewal and tumorigenicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of SSADH expression in human gliomas. Using public single-cell RNA-sequencing data from glioma surgical resections, we initially grouped cancer cells according to ALDH5A1 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1) expression, which encodes SSADH. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of genes differentially expressed between cancer cells expressing high or low levels of ALDH5A1, highlighted enrichment in genes implicated in cell morphogenesis and motility. In glioblastoma cell lines, ALDH5A1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and reduced their migratory potential. This was accompanied by a reduction in the mRNA levels of the adherens junction molecule ADAM-15 and deregulation in the expression of EMT biomarkers, with increased CDH1 and decreased vimentin mRNA levels. Evaluation of SSADH expression in a cohort of 95 gliomas using immunohistochemistry showed that SSADH expression was significantly elevated in cancer tissues compared to normal brain tissues, without any significant correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. In summary, our data show that SSADH is upregulated in glioma tissues irrespective of the histological grade and its expression sustains glioma cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mirca S Saurty-Seerunghen
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Georgia Levidou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Klinikum Nuremberg, Paracelsus University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Athanasia Sepsa
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni-Andriana Trigka
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexia Klonou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mariam Markouli
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Strepkos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Spyropoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios S Kanakoglou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, Athens, Greece.
| | - Eleftheria Lakiotaki
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni A Karatrasoglou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Boviatsis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elias A El-Habr
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Sorbonne Université, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Penelope Korkolopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, Athens, Greece.
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Mao P, Wang T, Gao K, Li Y, Du C, Wang M. MiR-320b aberrant expression enhances the radioresistance of human glioma via upregulated expression of ALDH1A3. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:2347-2357. [PMID: 36996494 PMCID: PMC10085615 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that ALDH1A3 is closely associated with development, progression, radioresistance and prognosis in a variety of cancers. However, the upstream miRNA that plays in the ALDH1A3 signaling pathways in regulating the radioresistance of glioma remains unclear. In this study, ALDH1A3 was enriched in high-grade glioma and was determined to be essential for radioresistance in GBM cell lines. Moreover, miR-320b was identified as an upstream miRNA that interacts with ALDH1A3. Low expression of miR-320b was associated with poor prognosis and radioresistance in glioma. In addition, overexpression of miR-320b counteracted the effects of ALDH1A3 on GBM cell proliferation, apoptosis and radioresistance when exposed to X-ray irradiation. Collectively, miR-320b may serve as a novel therapeutic target for glioma patients.
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Castellví A, Pequerul R, Barracco V, Juanhuix J, Parés X, Farrés J. Structural and biochemical evidence that ATP inhibits the cancer biomarker human aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3. Commun Biol 2022; 5:354. [PMID: 35418200 PMCID: PMC9007972 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) participates in the oxidative stress response and retinoid metabolism, being involved in several diseases, including cancer, diabetes and obesity. The ALDH1A3 isoform has recently elicited wide interest because of its potential use as a cancer stem cell biomarker and drug target. We report high-resolution three-dimensional ALDH1A3 structures for the apo-enzyme, the NAD+ complex and a binary complex with ATP. Each subunit of the ALDH1A3-ATP complex contains one ATP molecule bound to the adenosine-binding pocket of the cofactor-binding site. The ATP complex also shows a molecule, putatively identified as a polyethylene glycol aldehyde, covalently bound to the active-site cysteine. This mimics the thioacyl-enzyme catalytic intermediate, which is trapped in a dead enzyme lacking an active cofactor. At physiological concentrations, ATP inhibits the dehydrogenase activity of ALDH1A3 and other isoforms, with a Ki value of 0.48 mM for ALDH1A3, showing a mixed inhibition type against NAD+. ATP also inhibits esterase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The current ALDH1A3 structures at higher resolution will facilitate the rational design of potent and selective inhibitors. ATP binding to ALDH1A3 enables activity modulation by the energy status of the cell and metabolic reprogramming, which may be relevant in several disease conditions. Three X-ray structures are presented of human aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3 (ALDH1A3), a potential cancer stem cell biomarker (alone, with NAD+ and with ATP) and structure determination performed using molecular replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Castellví
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Alba Synchrotron, carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Pequerul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vito Barracco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Juanhuix
- Alba Synchrotron, carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Lei S, Zhang Y. Integrative analysis identifies key genes related to metastasis and a robust gene-based prognostic signature in uveal melanoma. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:61. [PMID: 35300699 PMCID: PMC8932077 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Uveal melanoma (UM) is an aggressive intraocular malignancy, leading to systemic metastasis in half of the patients. However, the mechanism of the high metastatic rate remains unclear. This study aimed to identify key genes related to metastasis and construct a gene-based signature for better prognosis prediction of UM patients. METHODS Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the co-expression of genes primarily associated with metastasis of UM. Univariate, Lasso-penalized and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to establish a prognostic signature for UM patients. RESULTS The tan and greenyellow modules were significantly associated with the metastasis of UM patients. Significant genes related to the overall survival (OS) in these two modules were then identified. Additionally, an OS-predicting signature was established. The UM patients were divided into a low- or high-risk group. The Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that high-risk patients had poorer OS than low-risk patients. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to validate the stability and accuracy of the final five-gene signature. Based on the signature and clinical traits of UM patients, a nomogram was established to serve in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS We identified key genes involved in the metastasis of UM. A robust five-gene-based prognostic signature was constructed and validated. In addition, the gene signature-based nomogram was created that can optimize the prognosis prediction and identify possible factors causing the poor prognosis of high-risk UM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Wang Z, Mo Y, Tan Y, Wen Z, Dai Z, Zhang H, Zhang X, Feng S, Liang X, Song T, Cheng Q. The ALDH Family Contributes to Immunocyte Infiltration, Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformation in Glioma. Front Immunol 2022; 12:756606. [PMID: 35116021 PMCID: PMC8805082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.756606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are malignant tumors that originate from the central nervous system. The aldehyde dehydrogenase family has been documented to affect cancer progression; however, its role in gliomas remains largely unexplored. Bulk RNA-seq analysis and single-cell RNA-Seq analysis were performed to explore the role of the aldehyde dehydrogenases family in gliomas. Training cohort contained The Cancer Genome Atlas data, while data from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus were set as validation cohorts. Our scoring system based on the aldehyde dehydrogenases family suggested that high-scoring samples were associated with worse survival outcomes. The enrichment score of pathways were calculated by AUCell to substantiate the biofunction prediction results that the aldehyde dehydrogenases family affected glioma progression by modulating tumor cell proliferation, migration, and immune landscape. Tumor immune landscape was mapped from high-scoring samples. Moreover, ALDH3B1 and ALDH16A1, two main contributors of the scoring system, could affect glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration by inducing cell-cycle arrest and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Taken together, the aldehyde dehydrogenases family could play a significant role in the tumor immune landscape and could be used to predict patient prognosis. ALDH3B1 and ALDH16A1 could influence tumor cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuyao Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinic Medicine of 5-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihui Wen
- Clinic Medicine of 5-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songshan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xisong Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy Center for Glioma of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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7
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Isolation of cancer stem cells from cultured breast cancer cells and xenografted breast tumors based on aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 171:111-125. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Verma H, Cholia RP, Kaur S, Dhiman M, Mantha AK. A short review on cross-link between pyruvate kinase (PKM2) and Glioblastoma Multiforme. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:751-765. [PMID: 33651273 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00690-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase (PK) catalyzes the last irreversible reaction of glycolysis pathway, generating pyruvate and ATP, from Phosphoenol Pyruvate (PEP) and ADP precursors. In mammals, four different tissue-specific isoforms (M1, M2, L and R) of PK exist, which are translated from two genes (PKL and PKR). PKM2 is the highly expressed isoform of PK in cancers, which regulates the aerobic glycolysis via reprogramming cancer cell's metabolic pathways to provide an anabolic advantage to the tumor cells. In addition to the established role of PKM2 in aerobic glycolysis of multiple cancer types, various recent findings have highlighted the non-metabolic functions of PKM2 in brain tumor development. Nuclear PKM2 acts as a co-activator and directly regulates gene transcription. PKM2 dependent transactivation of various oncogenic genes is instrumental in the progression and aggressiveness of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). Also, PKM2 acts as a protein kinase in histone modification which regulates gene expression and tumorigenesis. Ongoing research has explored novel regulatory mechanisms of PKM2 and its association in GBM progression. This review enlists and summarizes the metabolic and non-metabolic roles of PKM2 at the cellular level, and its regulatory function highlights the importance of the nuclear functions of PKM2 in GBM progression, and an emerging role of PKM2 as novel cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harkomal Verma
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Village Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, Pin Code: 151 401, India
| | - Ravi P Cholia
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Village Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, Pin Code: 151 401, India
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Sharanjot Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Monisha Dhiman
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Anil K Mantha
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Village Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, Pin Code: 151 401, India.
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Nie S, Qian X, Shi M, Li H, Peng C, Ding X, Zhang S, Zhang B, Xu G, Lv Y, Wang L, Friess H, Kong B, Zou X, Shen S. ALDH1A3 Accelerates Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis by Promoting Glucose Metabolism. Front Oncol 2020; 10:915. [PMID: 32612951 PMCID: PMC7308463 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3 (ALDH1A3) is a key enzyme associated with a variety of metabolic processes, including glucose metabolism. We recently uncovered that glucose metabolism played an essential role in promoting metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As ALDH1A3 labels an aggressive subtype of PDAC, we hypothesized that ALDH1A3 functionally promoted PDAC metastasis via its metabolic effect on glucose metabolism. Methods: Expression of ALDH1A3 was detected in human PDAC tissues by immunohistochemistry. ALDH1A3 was knocked down or overexpressed in PDAC cells by either shRNA or overexpression vector. The functional roles of ALDH1A3 were characterized in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptional profiling via RNA-sequencing was used to explore the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Glucose uptake, extracellular lactate, and ATP production were measured to access the metabolic influence of ALDH1A3 on PDAC cells. Results: ALDH1A3 was associated with poor prognosis in PDAC patients. Functionally, ALDH1A3 promoted PDAC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Further studies revealed that ALDH1A3 activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and its downstream target-PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma). This led to increase the expression of HK2 (hexokinase 2), which subsequently enhanced the glycolysis in PDAC cells. Additionally, the pharmacological inhibition of PPARγ activity in ALDH1A3-positive cells impaired glycolytic genes expression, PI3K/AKT/mTOR activity and cellular glycolysis. Conclusions: ALDH1A3 promotes PDAC metastasis via its metabolic influence on glucose metabolism. PPARγ and its downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway maybe involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuetian Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengyue Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongzhen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwei Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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