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Yoshizaki T, Nakamura T, Horikoshi T, Watanabe Y, Kobayashi T, Saito Y, Obata JE, Sawanobori T, Takano H, Umetani K, Asakawa T, Sato A. Impact of atherothrombotic risk stratification in patients with heavily calcified lesions following rotational atherectomy. J Cardiol 2024; 83:37-43. [PMID: 37524300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with rotational atherectomy (RA) are at high risk of adverse clinical outcomes, and there are few clinical risk stratification tools for these patients. METHODS We conducted a study with 196 patients who underwent PCI with RA out of 7391 patients who underwent PCI using a multicenter, prospective cohort registry. Patients were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Risk Score for Secondary Prevention (TRS 2°P): 65 patients in the T1 group (TRS 2°P < 3), 66 patients in the T2 group (TRS 2°P = 3), and 65 patients in the T3 group (TRS 2°P > 3). The primary endpoint was the cumulative 2-year incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as a composite of cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome, and ischemic stroke. RESULTS Cumulative 2-year MACCE occurred in 41 patients (24 %) during the follow-up period. The cumulative incidence of MACCE was significantly higher in the T3 group than in the T1 group (log-rank test, p = 0.02). Multivariate Cox analyses revealed that the T3 group was associated with an increased risk of MACCE compared to that of the T1 group (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.66; 95 % confidence interval, 1.04-6.77; p = 0.04). The addition of TRS 2°P to conventional risk factors, including male sex, number of diseased vessels, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, improved the net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) (NRI 0.39, p = 0.027; IDI 0.072, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Atherothrombotic risk stratification using TRS 2°P was useful in identifying high-risk patients with heavily calcified lesions following RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yoshizaki
- Department of Cardiology, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Japan.
| | - Takamitsu Nakamura
- Department of Cardiology, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Japan
| | - Takeo Horikoshi
- Department of Cardiology, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiology, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yukio Saito
- Department of Cardiology, Kofu Municipal Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Jun-Ei Obata
- Department of Cardiology, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, Fujieda, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Takano
- Department of Cardiology, Kofu Jonan Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Ken Umetani
- Department of Cardiology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Asakawa
- Department of Cardiology, Yamanashi Kosei Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Cardiology, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Chuo, Japan
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Allali A, Abdel-Wahab M, Elbasha K, Mankerious N, Traboulsi H, Kastrati A, El-Mawardy M, Hemetsberger R, Sulimov DS, Neumann FJ, Toelg R, Richardt G. Rotational atherectomy of calcified coronary lesions: current practice and insights from two randomized trials. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:1143-1163. [PMID: 35482101 PMCID: PMC10450020 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-02013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
With growing experience, technical improvements and use of newer generation drug-eluting stents (DES), recent data showed satisfactory acute and long-term results after rotational atherectomy (RA) in calcified coronary lesions. The randomized ROTAXUS and PREPARE-CALC trials compared RA to balloon-based strategies in two different time periods in the DES era. In this manuscript, we assessed the technical evolution in RA practice from a pooled analysis of the RA groups of both trials and established a link to further recent literature. Furthermore, we sought to summarize and analyze the available experience with RA in different patient and lesion subsets, and propose recommendations to improve RA practice. We also illustrated the combination of RA with other methods of lesion preparation. Finally, based on the available evidence, we propose a simple and practical approach to treat severely calcified lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Allali
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany.
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Wahab
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karim Elbasha
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Nader Mankerious
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Cardiology Department, German Heart Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rayyan Hemetsberger
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Dmitriy S Sulimov
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Neumann
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Ralph Toelg
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Gert Richardt
- Cardiology Department, Heart Center Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany
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Sakakura K, Ito Y, Shibata Y, Okamura A, Kashima Y, Nakamura S, Hamazaki Y, Ako J, Yokoi H, Kobayashi Y, Ikari Y. Clinical expert consensus document on rotational atherectomy from the Japanese association of cardiovascular intervention and therapeutics: update 2023. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2023; 38:141-162. [PMID: 36642762 PMCID: PMC10020250 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-022-00906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Task Force on Rotational Atherectomy of the Japanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics (CVIT) proposed the expert consensus document to summarize the techniques and evidences regarding rotational atherectomy (RA) in 2020. Because the revascularization strategy to severely calcified lesions is the hottest topic in contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), many evidences related to RA have been published since 2020. Latest advancements have been incorporated in this updated expert consensus document.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sakakura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma, Omiya, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Yokohama City Eastern Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshisato Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Atsunori Okamura
- Division of Cardiology, Sakurabashi Watanabe Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kashima
- Division of Interventional Cardiology, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic, Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Yuji Hamazaki
- Division of Cardiology, Ootakanomori Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Yokoi
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Sanno Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikari
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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4
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Hu B, Xiao C, Wang Z, Jia D, Yang S, Jia S, Zhai G, Han H, Xu X, Shi D, Zhou Y. Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Clinical Outcome in Patients Treated with Drug-Eluting Stenting after Rotational Atherectomy for Complex Calcified Coronary Lesions. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144192. [PMID: 35887955 PMCID: PMC9322199 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: although an association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular disease risk has been documented, the relationship in patients with complex calcified coronary lesions undergoing rotational atherectomy (RA) and drug-eluting stent(DES) insertion remains controversial. Here, the influence of MS on outcomes was assessed. Methods and results: we retrospectively included 398 patients who underwent RA and DES insertion for complex calcified coronary lesions in our institution between June 2015 and January 2019. The modified Adult Treatment Plan III was used to diagnose MS. The endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), comprising mortality from all causes, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization (TVR). In all, 173 (43.5%) patients had MS. MS was significantly associated with MACE over the 28.32 ± 6.79-month follow-up period (HR 1.783, 95% CI from 1.122 to 2.833) even after adjustment for other possible confounders. Conclusion: MS was frequently observed in patients treated with RA with DES insertion for complex calcified coronary lesions. MS independently predicted MACE in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Changbo Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dean Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuo Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guangyao Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongya Han
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (B.H.); (Z.W.); (D.J.); (S.Y.); (S.J.); (G.Z.); (H.H.); (X.X.); (D.S.)
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-64456489; Fax: +86-10-64456461
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5
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Dong H, Hachinohe D, Nie Z, Kashima Y, Luo J, Haraguchi T, Shitan H, Watanabe T, Tadano Y, Kaneko U, Sugie T, Kobayashi K, Kanno D, Enomoto M, Sato K, Fujita T. Comparison of Drug-Eluting Stent and Plain Old Balloon Angioplasty After Rotational Atherectomy in Severe Calcified and Large Coronary. Int Heart J 2021; 62:264-273. [PMID: 33731525 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Drug-eluting stent (DES) is well known to be effective in severely calcified lesion after rotational atherectomy (ROTA). However, there are still some situations when stents should be avoided and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) should be the preferred option. The present study aims to explore whether POBA is comparably effective to DES in large and calcified coronary pretreated by ROTA in clinical outcomes.Consecutive patients treated for severely calcified lesions in the large (≥ 3 mm) coronary using ROTA + DES or ROTA + POBA were retrospectively analyzed. The major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including all-cause/cardiac death and target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 1 year and 2 years posttreatment, were compared between groups using the Cox regression analysis to identify independent predictors of TLR and MACE.The analysis included 285 cases in the ROTA + DES group and 47 cases in the ROTA + POBA group, without relevant differences in clinical baseline characteristics. Of note, lesion length was greater in the ROTA + DES group (37.2 versus 19.3 mm, P < 0.001); the ROTA + DES group had a higher rate of chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions, with 8.4%, and the ROTA + POBA group had none. The inhospital/30-day mortality rate (5.3%, ROTA + DES; 6.4%, ROTA + POBA) and the 12- and 24-month all-cause/cardiac mortality rate (9.3%, ROTA + DES; 7.7%, ROTA + POBA) were not significantly different between the two groups. TLR rates were not significantly different between the two groups at 12 (4.6%, ROTA + DES; 4.3%, ROTA + POBA) and 24 (5.3%, ROTA + DES; 6.4%, ROTA + POBA) months.Outcomes were comparable for ROTA + DES and ROTA + POBA in severely calcified large coronary artery intervention with respect to midterm death or TLR rate, especially for short lesion of < 20 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences.,Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic
| | | | - Zhiqiang Nie
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Jianfang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | | | - Yutaka Tadano
- Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic
| | | | - Takuro Sugie
- Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic
| | - Ken Kobayashi
- Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic
| | - Daitaro Kanno
- Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic
| | - Morio Enomoto
- Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic
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Sakakura K, Ito Y, Shibata Y, Okamura A, Kashima Y, Nakamura S, Hamazaki Y, Ako J, Yokoi H, Kobayashi Y, Ikari Y. Clinical expert consensus document on rotational atherectomy from the Japanese association of cardiovascular intervention and therapeutics. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2020; 36:1-18. [PMID: 33079355 PMCID: PMC7829233 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-020-00715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rotational atherectomy (RA) has been widely used for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to severely calcified lesions. As compared to other countries, RA in Japan has uniquely developed with the aid of greater usage of intravascular imaging devices such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT). IVUS has been used to understand the guidewire bias and to decide appropriate burr sizes during RA, whereas OCT can also provide the thickness of calcification. Owing to such abundant experiences, Japanese RA operators modified RA techniques and reported unique evidences regarding RA. The Task Force on Rotational Atherectomy of the J apanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics (CVIT) has now proposed the expert consensus document to summarize the contemporary techniques and evidences regarding RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sakakura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma, Omiya, Saitama City, 330-8503, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Yokohama City Eastern Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshisato Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Atsunori Okamura
- Division of Cardiology, Sakurabashi Watanabe Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kashima
- Division of Interventional Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic, Sapporo Heart Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Yuji Hamazaki
- Division of Cardiology, Ootakanomori Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Yokoi
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka Sanno Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikari
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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Reappraisal Value of a Modified Rotational Atherectomy Technique in Contemporary Coronary Angioplasty Era. J Interv Cardiol 2020; 2020:9190702. [PMID: 32082099 PMCID: PMC7007738 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9190702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To introduce a modified rotational atherectomy (RA) procedure and investigate the early and midterm outcomes of the RA-facilitating diversified percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a large group of aged patients with higher cardiovascular risk. Background Previous studies about the outcomes of RA were limited with small sample size and low-risk population. Methods Between January 2013 and November 2015, 1169 consecutive patients treated with modified RA-facilitated PCI were retrospectively enrolled, including de novo calcified lesions and in-stent restenosis. Patients were regularly followed up for at least 1 year. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were analyzed for all participants by different strategies. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for the events. Results The median age of patients was 75 years, with 11.7% of patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Most lesions (99.9%) were complex (American Heart Association type B2/C), and 68.3% were treated with RA + drug-eluting-stent (DES). Successful angiography was achieved in 97.8% cases, with 1.7% (20/1169) experiencing coronary perforation (including guidewire perforation). The incidence of MACE was 20.5% and 26.8% at 1-year and 2-year follow-up and were mainly driven by target lesion revascularization (TLR) (10.3% and 12.5%, respectively). The strategy of RA + DES had the lowest 2-year MACE, compared with the RA + drug-coated balloon and RA + plain old balloon angioplasty (14.5%, 30.5%, and 26.0%, respectively). Conclusions The modified RA technique is a safe and effective tool in the contemporary PCI era, even in high-risk patients. The TLR rate was relatively high but acceptable in such complex lesions.
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Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention. Int J Cardiol 2019; 290:59-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hachinohe D, Kashima Y, Hirata K, Kanno D, Kobayashi K, Kaneko U, Sugie T, Tadano Y, Watanabe T, Shitan H, Haraguchi T, Enomoto M, Sato K, Fujita T. Treatment for in-stent restenosis requiring rotational atherectomy. J Interv Cardiol 2018; 31:747-754. [DOI: 10.1111/joic.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hachinohe
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kashima
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Kazuya Hirata
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Daitaro Kanno
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Ken Kobayashi
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Umihiko Kaneko
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Takuro Sugie
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Yutaka Tadano
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Tomohiko Watanabe
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Hidemasa Shitan
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Takuya Haraguchi
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Morio Enomoto
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Sato
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujita
- The Sapporo Heart Center; Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic; Sapporo Japan
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