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Amin Z, Sheikh PA, Jan I, Summuna B, Dar AA, Wani FF, Bhat ZA. Residues determination, risk assessment, and dissipation behavior of myclobutanil formulation on apple. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5879. [PMID: 38599673 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the dissipation pattern, risk assessment, and waiting period of myclobutanil on apple fruit (Malus domestica Borkh.) under temperate conditions in Kashmir, India. The study involved the application of myclobutanil 10 WP at a single recommended dosage (125 g a.i. ha-1) and double dosage (250 g a.i. ha-1) on Red Velox apple trees, 2 months before harvest. GC equipped with an electron capture detector was used to analyze myclobutanil residues in fruit samples. The study revealed that myclobutanil, at both recommended and double recommended doses, dissipated rapidly and became nondetectable after 55 and 60 days, respectively. The waiting period for myclobutanil application was determined to be 12.41 days for the single dose and 25.58 days for the double dose, respectively. These waiting periods were based on the maximum residue limit of 0.6 ppm as prescribed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, and European Commission. The study concludes that myclobutanil 10 WP is safe for consumers at both recommended and double recommended doses when applied 2 months before harvest. Risk assessment, considering the average daily apple consumption in India and theoretical maximum residue contributions (TMRCs), indicates negligible health hazards even at double the recommended dosage. The calculated TMRC values at Day 0 were significantly below the maximum permissible intake. For average and maximum myclobutanil residues at single and double doses, the TMRC values were found to be 0.0069 and 0.0070 mg day-1 person-1 and 0.0105 and 0.0106 mg day-1 person-1, respectively. These results indicate that myclobutanil, when used according to recommended dosages and waiting periods, poses minimal health risks to consumers. The study emphasizes the importance of prudent fungicide use to minimize fungicide residues on fruits, thereby ensuring their safety for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Amin
- Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Sopore, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Parveez Ahmad Sheikh
- Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Horticulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Ishrat Jan
- Research Centre for Residue and Quality Analysis, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Baby Summuna
- Directorate of Research, Faculty of Horticulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Alamgir Ahmad Dar
- Research Centre for Residue and Quality Analysis, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Fazil Fayaz Wani
- Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Sopore, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Horticulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
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Li L, Li B, Qu H, Tian S, Xu Z, Zhao L, Li X, Liu B. A new method based on melatonin-mediated seed germination to quickly remove pesticide residues and improve the nutritional quality of contaminated grains. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303040. [PMID: 38713652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we attempted to use melatonin combined with germination treatment to remove pesticide residues from contaminated grains. High levels of pesticide residues were detected in soybean seeds after soaking with chlorothalonil (10 mM) and malathion (1 mM) for 2 hours. Treatment with 50 μM melatonin for 5 days completely removed the pesticide residues, while in the control group, only 61-71% of pesticide residues were removed from soybean sprouts. Compared with the control, melatonin treatment for 7 days further increased the content of ascorbic acid (by 48-66%), total phenolics (by 52-68%), isoflavones (by 22-34%), the total antioxidant capacity (by 37-40%), and the accumulated levels of unsaturated fatty acids (C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3) (by 17-30%) in soybean sprouts. Moreover, melatonin treatment further increased the accumulation of ten components of phenols and isoflavones in soybean sprouts relative to those in the control. The ability of melatonin to accelerate the degradation of pesticide residues and promote the accumulation of antioxidant metabolites might be related to its ability to trigger the glutathione detoxification system in soybean sprouts. Melatonin promoted glutathione synthesis (by 49-139%) and elevated the activities of glutathione-S-transferase (by 24-78%) and glutathione reductase (by 38-61%). In summary, we report a new method in which combined treatment by melatonin and germination rapidly degrades pesticide residues in contaminated grains and improves the nutritional quality of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Li
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Baoyan Li
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Henghua Qu
- Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zimeng Xu
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Baoyou Liu
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Hasanaliyeva G, Sufar EK, Wang J, Rempelos L, Volakakis N, Iversen PO, Leifert C. Effects of Agricultural Intensification on Mediterranean Diets: A Narrative Review. Foods 2023; 12:3779. [PMID: 37893672 PMCID: PMC10606286 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mediterranean diets (MedDiets) are linked to substantial health benefits. However, there is also growing evidence that the intensification of food production over the last 60 years has resulted in nutritionally relevant changes in the composition of foods that may augment the health benefits of MedDiets. OBJECTIVE To synthesize, summarize, and critically evaluate the currently available evidence for changes in food composition resulting from agricultural intensification practices and their potential impact on the health benefits of MedDiets. METHODS We summarized/synthesized information from (i) systematic literature reviews/meta-analyses and more recently published articles on composition differences between conventional and organic foods, (ii) desk studies which compared food composition data from before and after agricultural intensification, (iii) recent retail and farm surveys and/or factorial field experiments that identified specific agronomic practices responsible for nutritionally relevant changes in food composition, and (iv) a recent systematic literature review and a small number of subsequently published observational and dietary intervention studies that investigated the potential health impacts of changes in food composition resulting from agricultural intensification. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION There has been growing evidence that the intensification of food production has resulted in (i) lower concentrations of nutritionally desirable compounds (e.g., phenolics, certain vitamins, mineral micronutrients including Se, Zn, and omega-3 fatty acids, α-tocopherol) and/or (ii) higher concentrations of nutritionally undesirable or toxic compounds (pesticide residues, cadmium, omega-6 fatty acids) in many of the foods (including wholegrain cereals, fruit and vegetables, olive oil, dairy products and meat from small ruminants, and fish) that are thought to contribute to the health benefits associated with MedDiets. The evidence for negative health impacts of consuming foods from intensified conventional production systems has also increased but is still limited and based primarily on evidence from observational studies. Limitations and gaps in the current evidence base are discussed. Conclusions: There is now substantial evidence that the intensification of agricultural food production has resulted in a decline in the nutritional quality of many of the foods that are recognized to contribute to the positive health impacts associated with adhering to traditional MedDiets. Further research is needed to quantify to what extent this decline augments the positive health impacts of adhering to a traditional MedDiet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gultekin Hasanaliyeva
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire NG25 0QF, UK
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
| | - Enas Khalid Sufar
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
| | - Juan Wang
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Leonidas Rempelos
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
- Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food Technology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN2 2LG, UK
| | - Nikolaos Volakakis
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
- Geokomi Plc, P.O. Box 21, GR70200 Sivas Festos, Greece
| | - Per Ole Iversen
- Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Carlo Leifert
- Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
- SCU Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Military Rd., Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
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Bergsma S, Euverink GJW, Charalampogiannis N, Poulios E, Janssens TKS, Achinas S. Biotechnological and Medical Aspects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Used for Plant Protection: A Comprehensive Review. BIOTECH 2022; 11:biotech11030040. [PMID: 36134914 PMCID: PMC9497054 DOI: 10.3390/biotech11030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of chemical pesticides in agriculture goes hand in hand with some crucial problems. These problems include environmental deterioration and human health complications. To eliminate the problems accompanying chemical pesticides, biological alternatives should be considered. These developments spark interest in many environmental fields, including agriculture. In this review, antifungal compounds produced by lactic acid bacteria (LABs) are considered. It summarizes the worldwide distribution of pesticides and the effect of pesticides on human health and goes into detail about LAB species, their growth, fermentation, and their antifungal compounds. Additionally, interactions between LABs with mycotoxins and plants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bergsma
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Efthymios Poulios
- 4th Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Rimini 1, Chaidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Spyridon Achinas
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (S.A.)
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Determination of Pesticide Residues in Strawberries by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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