1
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Zandifar A, Esmaeilzadeh F, Rodríguez-Mirasol J. Hydrogen-rich gas production via supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of oily sludge over waste tire-derived activated carbon impregnated with Ni: Characterization and optimization of activated carbon production. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123078. [PMID: 38052340 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the production of activated carbon (AC) through the chemical activation of waste tire (WT) using H3PO4 and KOH for H2 production by SCWG of oily sludge (OS) donated by Persian Gulf Star Oil Company was investigated. H3PO4 was the best activating agent based on some pretests results, and then the synthesis of AC was optimized using Response Surface Methodology. Based on BET surface area of synthesized ACs, thirty combinations of the four variables namely; activation temperature (350-550 °C); activation time (1-4 h); H3PO4 to WT ratio (1-3 w.w-1); and H3PO4 concentration (20-40 wt%) were optimized. CHNS, TGA, FE-SEM, and EDS-mapping analyses were used to characterize the AC and catalyst synthesized in optimum condition (activation temperature: 450 °C; activation time: 2.5 h; H3PO4 to WT ratio: 2 w.w-1; and H3PO4 concentration: 40 wt%), which presented a surface area of 170 m2 g-1. Finally, Ni was impregnated on the optimized AC with different loadings (5-15 wt%) to evaluate its performance in H2 production by SCWG of OS. Although H2 yield in catalytic experiments was higher than that observed in non-catalytic experiment, results showed that the maximum H2 selectivity was 66% in SCWG of OS using AC impregnated with 10 wt% Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zandifar
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Feridun Esmaeilzadeh
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery Institute, Advanced Research Group for Gas Condensate Recovery, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - José Rodríguez-Mirasol
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010, Málaga, Spain
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2
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Suo C, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang H, Chen B, Fang J, Zhang Z, Chen R, Chen R, Shi C. Embedded Structure of Ni@PSi Catalysts for Steam Reforming of Methane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Suo
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yang Liu
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Bingbing Chen
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jiancong Fang
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhenguo Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ruoyu Chen
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rui Chen
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Chuan Shi
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering No.2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, 116024 Dalian CHINA
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3
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Cao X, Han YF, Peng C, Zhu M. A Review on the Water‐Gas Shift Reaction over Nickel‐Based Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cao
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yi-Fan Han
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Chong Peng
- Sinopec: China Petrochemical Corporation School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Minghui Zhu
- East China University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai CHINA
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4
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Levin A, Khrapova E, Kozlov D, Krasilin A, Gusarov V. Structure refinement, microstrains and crystallite sizes of Mg-Ni-phyllosilicate nanoscroll powders. J Appl Crystallogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576722003594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphology and structure of (Ni
x
Mg1−x
)3Si2O5(OH)4 synthetic phyllosilicate nanoscrolls have been studied by means of electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Scrolling of phyllosilicate layers originates from size differences between octahedral and tetrahedral sheets. This strain-energy-driven process raises a number of questions, including the preferred direction of scrolling (along the a or b axis) and the presence of residual microstrain. In order to clarify these points, the structure of (Ni
x
Mg1−x
)3Si2O5(OH)4 phyllosilicates (x = 0, 0.33, 0.5, 0.67, 1) was first described by a monoclinic Cc (9) unit cell, whose parameters decrease with increasing Ni concentration. The Williamson–Hall plots constructed for x = 0 and 0.67 reveal the absence of microstrain, which suggests that scrolling is an effective means of stress relaxation. The sizes of the crystallites were determined by using Rietveld refinement with predefined needle-like models and fundamental parameter fitting with crystallites of arbitrary form. Both approaches show qualitative and quantitative correlation, in terms of aspect ratio, with electron microscopy data. At the same time, the phyllosilicates studied do not demonstrate one preferred direction of scrolling: instead, there might be a mixture of chirality vectors codirected with the a or b axis, with the proportion altering with Ni concentration.
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5
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Catalytically efficient Ni-NiO x-Y 2O 3 interface for medium temperature water-gas shift reaction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2443. [PMID: 35508459 PMCID: PMC9068818 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The metal-support interfaces between metals and oxide supports have long been studied in catalytic applications, thanks to their significance in structural stability and efficient catalytic activity. The metal-rare earth oxide interface is particularly interesting because these early transition cations have high electrophilicity, and therefore good binding strength with Lewis basic molecules, such as H2O. Based on this feature, here we design a highly efficient composite Ni-Y2O3 catalyst, which forms abundant active Ni-NiOx-Y2O3 interfaces under the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction condition, achieving 140.6 μmolCO gcat−1 s−1 rate at 300 °C, which is the highest activity for Ni-based catalysts. A combination of theory and ex/in situ experimental study suggests that Y2O3 helps H2O dissociation at the Ni-NiOx-Y2O3 interfaces, promoting this rate limiting step in the WGS reaction. Construction of such new interfacial structure for molecules activation holds great promise in many catalytic systems. Developing effective and stable catalytic interfaces in the medium temperature region is a practical route to replace the existing water gas shift (WGS) process. Here the authors designed a composite Ni-Y2O3 catalyst achieving the highest WGS activity for Ni based catalysts.
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6
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Sun L, Li S, Gao Z, Gao S, Gao W, Cheng X, Shang N, Gao Y, Wang C. Selective hydrogenolysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran over cobalt nanoparticle inlaid cobalt phyllosilicate. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3096-3103. [PMID: 35113092 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03992j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of biofuels and chemicals from renewable biomass is highly desirable to replace petrochemicals. Hydrogenolysis of biomass derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a promising way to obtain furanic fuels. In this paper, we describe the preparation of a CoSi-PS catalyst derived from cobalt phyllosilicate using a silica sol as the silica source. CoSi-PS exhibited excellent catalytic performance for the hydrogenolysis reaction of HMF to produce liquid 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) biofuel. 100% conversion of HMF and 97.5% selectivity for DMF were achieved at 170 °C and 1.5 MPa H2 for 4 h, which was superior to most of the reported catalysts. The excellent performance can be attributed to the strong interactions between the metal and support, highly dispersed cobalt nanoparticles and the Lewis acid sites induced by the coordinated unsaturated Co(II) sites in phyllosilicate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Sun
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Shangyang Li
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Zhuoyou Gao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Shutao Gao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Xiang Cheng
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Ningzhao Shang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Yongjun Gao
- College of Chemical and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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7
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Lyu J, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Wu P, Pan Y, Ding T, Song S, Li X. Hydrogen reverse spillover eliminating methanation over efficient Pt–Ni catalysts for the water–gas shift reaction. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00952h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen reverse spillover from Ni0 sites to Pt sites completely eliminated the side reaction of methanation and improved the catalytic activity of Ni0 sites over a nickel phyllosilicate-supported Pt–Ni catalyst during the water–gas shift reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lyu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yingtian Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yu Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Tong Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Song Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xingang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China
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8
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Chen Y, Wu X, Liu Q, He M, Bai H. Ni-Foam Structured Ni-Phyllosilicate Ensemble as an Efficient Monolithic Catalyst for CO2 Methanation. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Contribution of Different Species in Ni‐Ceria Nanorods Catalysts Applied to Steam Reforming of Ethanol. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Pu T, Shen L, Xu J, Peng C, Zhu M. Revealing the dependence of CO
2
activation on hydrogen dissociation ability over supported nickel catalysts. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Liang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Chong Peng
- Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, SINOPEC Dalian China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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11
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Chen Y, Liu Q. Synthesis and Regeneration of Ni-Phyllosilicate Catalysts Using a Versatile Double-Accelerator Method: A Comprehensive Study. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
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12
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Formation and influence of surface hydroxyls on product selectivity during CO2 hydrogenation by Ni/SiO2 catalysts. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Yu Y, Bian Z, Wang J, Wang Z, Tan W, Zhong Q, Kawi S. CO2 hydrogenation to CH4 over hydrothermal prepared ceria-nickel catalysts: Performance and mechanism study. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Copper Phyllosilicates-Derived Catalysts in the Production of Alcohols from Hydrogenation of Carboxylates, Carboxylic Acids, Carbonates, Formyls, and CO2: A Review. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper phyllosilicates-derived catalysts (CuPS-cats) have been intensively explored in the past two decades due to their promising activity in carbonyls hydrogenation. However, CuPS-cats have not been completely reviewed. This paper focuses on the aspects concerning CuPS-cats from synthesis methods, effects of preparation conditions, and dopant to catalytic applications of CuPS-cats. The applications of CuPS-cats include the hydrogenation of carboxylates, carboxylic acids, carbonates, formyls, and CO2 to their respective alcohols. Besides, important factors such as the Cu dispersion, Cu+ and Cu0 surface areas, particles size, interaction between Cu and supports and dopants, morphologies, and spatial effect on catalytic performance of CuPS-cats are discussed. The deactivation and remedial actions to improve the stability of CuPS-cats are summarized. It ends up with the challenges and prospective by using this type of catalyst.
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15
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Wenten IG, Khoiruddin K, Mukti RR, Rahmah W, Wang Z, Kawi S. Zeolite membrane reactors: from preparation to application in heterogeneous catalytic reactions. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00388c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Coupling chemical reaction with membrane separation or known as membrane reactor (MR) has been demonstrated by numerous studies and showed that this strategy has successfully addressed the goal of process intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. G. Wenten
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Industrial Technology
- Institut Teknologi Bandung
- Bandung
- Indonesia
| | - K. Khoiruddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Industrial Technology
- Institut Teknologi Bandung
- Bandung
- Indonesia
| | - R. R. Mukti
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology
- Institut Teknologi Bandung
- Bandung
- Indonesia
- Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
| | - W. Rahmah
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Industrial Technology
- Institut Teknologi Bandung
- Bandung
- Indonesia
| | - Z. Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- 117576 Singapore
| | - S. Kawi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- 117576 Singapore
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16
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Tuning the product distribution during the catalytic pyrolysis of waste tires: The effect of the nature of metals and the reaction temperature. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Ciotonea C, Hammi N, Dhainaut J, Marinova M, Ungureanu A, El Kadib A, Michon C, Royer S. Phyllosilicate‐derived Nickel‐cobalt Bimetallic Nanoparticles for the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Imines, Oximes and N‐heteroarenes. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ciotonea
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 – IMEC – Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul 59000 Lille France
| | - Nisrine Hammi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
- Department Euromed Research Center, Engineering Division Euro-Med University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknes, Rond-point de Bensouda 30070 Fès Morocco
| | - Jérémy Dhainaut
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Maya Marinova
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 – IMEC – Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul 59000 Lille France
| | - Adrian Ungureanu
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection 73 D. Mangeron Bvd. 700050 Iasi Romania
| | - Abdelkrim El Kadib
- Department Euromed Research Center, Engineering Division Euro-Med University of Fes (UEMF) Route de Meknes, Rond-point de Bensouda 30070 Fès Morocco
| | - Christophe Michon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Sébastien Royer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
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18
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Yu Y, Bian Z, Wang Z, Wang J, Tan W, Zhong Q, Kawi S. CO2 methanation on Ni-Ce0.8M0.2O2 (M=Zr, Sn or Ti) catalyst: Suppression of CO via formation of bridging carbonyls on nickel. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Cation Doping Approach for Nanotubular Hydrosilicates Curvature Control and Related Applications. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10080654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The past two decades have been marked by an increased interest in the synthesis and the properties of geoinspired hydrosilicate nanoscrolls and nanotubes. The present review considers three main representatives of this group: halloysite, imogolite and chrysotile. These hydrosilicates have the ability of spontaneous curling (scrolling) due to a number of crystal structure features, including the size and chemical composition differences between the sheets, (or the void in the gibbsite sheet and SiO2 tetrahedron, in the case of imogolite). Mineral nanoscrolls and nanotubes consist of the most abundant elements, like magnesium, aluminium and silicon, accompanied by uncontrollable amounts of impurities (other elements and phases), which hinder their high technology applications. The development of a synthetic approach makes it possible to not only to overcome the purity issues, but also to enhance the chemical composition of the nanotubular particles by controllable cation doping. The first part of the review covers some principles of the cation doping approach and proposes joint criteria for the semiquantitative prediction of morphological changes that occur. The second part focuses on some doping-related properties and applications, such as morphological control, uptake and release, magnetic and mechanical properties, and catalysis.
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20
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Hongmanorom P, Ashok J, Das S, Dewangan N, Bian Z, Mitchell G, Xi S, Borgna A, Kawi S. Zr–Ce-incorporated Ni/SBA-15 catalyst for high-temperature water gas shift reaction: Methane suppression by incorporated Zr and Ce. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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22
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Liu MH, Chen HA, Chen CS, Wu JH, Wu HC, Yang CM. Tiny Ni particles dispersed in platelet SBA-15 materials induce high efficiency for CO 2 methanation. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20741-20753. [PMID: 31650145 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06135e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, short-channel SBA-15 with a platelet morphology (p-SBA-15) is used to support Ni to effectively enhance catalytic activity and CH4 selectivity during CO2 hydrogenation. The use of p-SBA-15 as a support can result in smaller Ni particle sizes than Ni particles on typical SBA-15 supports because p-SBA-15 possesses a larger surface area and a greater ability to provide metal-support interactions. The Ni/p-SBA-15 materials with tiny Ni particles exhibit enhanced catalytic activity toward CO2 hydrogenation and CH4 formation during CO2 hydrogenation compared to the same Ni loading on a SBA-15 support. The presence of metal-support interaction on the Ni/p-SBA-15 catalyst may increase the possibility of abundance of strongly adsorbing sites for CO and CO2, thus resulting in high reaction rates for CO2 and CO hydrogenation. The reaction kinetics, reaction pathway and active sites were studied and correlated to the high catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation to form CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Hsi-An Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Shiun Chen
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China. and Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou, 5, Fusing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jia-Huang Wu
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Hung-Chi Wu
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Chia-Min Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
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23
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Cao Y, Peng X, Tan Z, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhao W, Jiang L. Structural Evolution of Active Entities on Co 3O 4/CeO 2 Catalyst during Water Gas Shift Reaction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Cao
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xuanbei Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Zhenni Tan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Lilong Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
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24
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Yang F, Wang H, Han J, Ge Q, Zhu X. Enhanced selective deoxygenation of m-cresol to toluene on Ni/SiO2 catalysts derived from nickel phyllosilicate. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Fu XP, Guo LW, Wang WW, Ma C, Jia CJ, Wu K, Si R, Sun LD, Yan CH. Direct Identification of Active Surface Species for the Water-Gas Shift Reaction on a Gold-Ceria Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4613-4623. [PMID: 30807152 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The crucial role of the metal-oxide interface in the catalysts of the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction has been recognized, while the precise illustration of the intrinsic reaction at the interfacial site has scarcely been presented. Here, two kinds of gold-ceria catalysts with totally distinct gold species, <2 nm clusters and 3 to 4 nm particles, were synthesized as catalysts for the WGS reaction. We found that the gold cluster catalyst exhibited a superiority in reactivity compared to gold nanoparticles. With the aid of comprehensive in situ characterization techniques, the bridged -OH groups that formed on the surface oxygen vacancies of the ceria support are directly determined to be the sole active configuration among various surface hydroxyls in the gold-ceria catalysts. The isotopic tracing results further proved that the reaction between bridged surface -OH groups and CO molecules adsorbed on interfacial Au atoms contributes dominantly to the WGS reactivity. Thus, the abundant interfacial sites in gold clusters on the ceria surface induced superior reactivity compared to that of supported gold nanoparticles in catalyzing the WGS reaction. On the basis of direct and solid experimental evidence, we have obtained a very clear image of the surface reaction for the WGS reaction catalyzed by the gold-ceria catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Pu Fu
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Li-Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Chun-Jiang Jia
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Ke Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Rui Si
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility , Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201204 , China
| | - Ling-Dong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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26
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Yan Z, Liu S, Zhang Y, Wang T, Luo S, Chu W, Jing F. The role of Zr in NiZrAl oxides catalyst and the evaluation on steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen product. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Ashok J, Das S, Yeo TY, Dewangan N, Kawi S. Incinerator bottom ash derived from municipal solid waste as a potential catalytic support for biomass tar reforming. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 82:249-257. [PMID: 30509587 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environment-friendly and sustainable routes for municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration bottom ash (IBA) recycling and utilization is one of the major concerns for the urbanized countries like Singapore. In this research paper, the possibility of bulk utilization of MSW-IBA as a catalyst support material has been explored for sustainable syn-gas production. The change in the texture of the IBA with simple hydrothermal treatment using NaOH has also been investigated. Furthermore, with hydrothermal treatment for 24 h at 180 °C, the texture of raw IBA with respect to basicity, surface area, total pore volume and reducibility was greatly improved. These textural properties are highly significant for a material to be utilized as a catalyst or catalytic supports for reforming applications. Ni supported on hydrothermally treated IBA was tested for steam reforming of biomass tar reforming reaction between 700 °C and 800 °C at relatively low steam-to-carbon ratio of 2. Among all the catalysts, Ni supported on IBA hydrothermally treated for 24 h gave stable toluene conversion (of 40%) at 700 °C with reduced coke formation (of 7.5 mgC/g·h) than other catalysts. The superior catalytic performance of this catalyst is mainly due to the presence of high amounts of surface Ni° species and improved reducibility and basicity properties among all. The Raman, DT/TGA and XRD analyses on spent catalysts revealed the deposited carbon during steam reforming of tar reaction is majorly amorphous. Due to this, the deposition of carbon did not show any kind of deactivation within the catalyst testing period.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ashok
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore
| | - S Das
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore
| | - T Y Yeo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore
| | - N Dewangan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore
| | - S Kawi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore.
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28
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Design of Ni-ZrO2@SiO2 catalyst with ultra-high sintering and coking resistance for dry reforming of methane to prepare syngas. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Ashok J, Wai MH, Kawi S. Nickel-based Catalysts for High-temperature Water Gas Shift Reaction-Methane Suppression. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jangam Ashok
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Ming Hui Wai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Sibudjing Kawi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
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30
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Yu Y, Bian Z, Song F, Wang J, Zhong Q, Kawi S. Influence of Calcination Temperature on Activity and Selectivity of Ni–CeO2 and Ni–Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 Catalysts for CO2 Methanation. Top Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-1010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Ashok J, Bian Z, Wang Z, Kawi S. Ni-phyllosilicate structure derived Ni–SiO2–MgO catalysts for bi-reforming applications: acidity, basicity and thermal stability. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02475d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, Ni–SiO2–MgO materials synthesized via Ni-phyllosilicate (PS) intermediates were explored for bi-reforming of methane (BRM) reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Ashok
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
- Republic of Singapore
| | - Z. Bian
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
- Republic of Singapore
| | - Z. Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
- Republic of Singapore
| | - S. Kawi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
- Republic of Singapore
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32
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Bian Z, Kawi S. Sandwich-Like Silica@Ni@Silica Multicore-Shell Catalyst for the Low-Temperature Dry Reforming of Methane: Confinement Effect Against Carbon Formation. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhoufeng Bian
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Sibudjing Kawi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117585 Singapore
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33
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Xu M, He S, Chen H, Cui G, Zheng L, Wang B, Wei M. TiO2–x-Modified Ni Nanocatalyst with Tunable Metal–Support Interaction for Water–Gas Shift Reaction. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced
Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shan He
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced
Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced
Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced
Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Sinopec Group, Beijing 100013, P. R. China
| | - Min Wei
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced
Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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34
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Richard AR, Fan M. Low-Pressure Hydrogenation of CO2 to CH3OH Using Ni-In-Al/SiO2 Catalyst Synthesized via a Phyllosilicate Precursor. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R. Richard
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
| | - Maohong Fan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
- School
of Energy Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
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35
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Highly carbon-resistant Ni–Co/SiO 2 catalysts derived from phyllosilicates for dry reforming of methane. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Dong F, Zhu Y, Zhao H, Tang Z. Ratio-controlled synthesis of phyllosilicate-like materials as precursors for highly efficient catalysis of the formyl group. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00233e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The design and development of heterogeneous catalysts is very critical for the synthesis of various chemicals and fuels derived from superfluous biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- and National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
| | - Yulei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Haijun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- and National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
| | - Zhicheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- and National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
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37
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Wang W, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Ge H, Bi J, Tang M. Strong metal–support interactions between Ni and ZnO particles and their effect on the methanation performance of Ni/ZnO. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01119a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Strong metal–support interactions (SMSI) between Ni and ZnO particles and their suppression effect on CO methanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Wang
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xuekuan Li
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Hui Ge
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Jicheng Bi
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Mingxing Tang
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
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38
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Saw ET, Oemar U, Ang ML, Kus H, Kawi S. High-temperature water gas shift reaction on Ni–Cu/CeO2 catalysts: effect of ceria nanocrystal size on carboxylate formation. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01932j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The WGS mechanism strongly depends on the Ni–Cu surface composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eng Toon Saw
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
| | - Usman Oemar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
| | - Ming Li Ang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
| | - Hidajat Kus
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
| | - Sibudjing Kawi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 119260
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