1
|
Chen W, Cai P, Zhou HC, Madrahimov ST. Bridging Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis: Phosphine-Functionalized Metal-Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315075. [PMID: 38135664 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine-functionalized metal-organic frameworks (P-MOFs) as an emerging class of coordination polymers, have provided novel opportunities for the development of heterogeneous catalysts. Yet, compared with the ubiquitous phosphine systems in homogeneous catalysis, heterogenization of phosphines in MOFs is still at its early stage. In this Minireview, we summarize the synthetic strategies, characterization and catalytic reactions based on the P-MOFs reported in literature. In particular, various catalytic reactions are discussed in detail in terms of phosphine ligand structure-function relationship, including the potential obstacles for future development. Finally, we discuss the possible solutions, including new types of reactions and techniques as the perspectives for the development of P-MOF catalysts, highlighting the opportunities and challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenmiao Chen
- Division of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University Qatar Education City, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Peiyu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA
| | - Sherzod T Madrahimov
- Division of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University Qatar Education City, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weigelt V, Vogl S, Schmidt J, Thomas A. A Triphenylphosphine-Based Microporous Polymer for a Wittig Reaction Cycle in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307818. [PMID: 37460443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The Wittig reaction is a key step in industrial processes to synthesise large quantities of vitamin A and various other important chemicals that are used in daily life. This article presents a pathway to achieve the Wittig reaction in a solid network. A highly porous triphenylphosphine-based polymer was applied as a solid Wittig reagent that undergoes, in a multi-step cycle, in total six post-synthetic modifications. This allowed for regeneration of the solid Wittig reagent and reuse for the same reaction cycle. Of particular industrial relevance is that the newly developed material also enables a simple way of separating the product by filtration. Therefore, additional costly and difficult separation and purification steps are no longer needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Weigelt
- Department of Chemistry/Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Vogl
- Department of Chemistry/Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry/Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Thomas
- Department of Chemistry/Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen F, Zheng L, Li C, Wang B, Wu Q, Dai Z, Wang S, Sun Q, Meng X, Xiao FS. Porous Supramolecular Assemblies for Efficient Suzuki Coupling of Aryl Chlorides. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301875. [PMID: 37116082 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of catalytic systems that can activate aryl chlorides for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions is at the forefront of ongoing efforts to synthesize fine chemicals. In this study, a facile ligand-template approach is adopted to achieve active-site encapsulation by forming supramolecular assemblies; this bestowed the pristine inert counterparts with reactivity, which is further increased upon the construction of a porous framework. Experimental results indicated that the isolation of ligands by the surrounding template units is key to the formation of catalytically active monoligated palladium complexes. Additionally, the construction of porous frameworks using the resulting supramolecular assemblies prevented the decomposition of the Pd complexes into nanoparticles, which drastically increased the catalyst lifetime. These findings, along with the simplicity and generality of the synthesis scheme, suggest that the strategy can be leveraged to achieve unique reactivity and potentially enable fine-chemical synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Liping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Chen Li
- CenerTech Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjing, 300131, China
| | - Benlei Wang
- CenerTech Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjing, 300131, China
| | - Qing Wu
- CNOOC Institute of Chemicals & Advanced Materials, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Zhifeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiangju Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Feng-Shou Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang Y, Dai Z, Wang S, Chen F, Meng X, Xiao FS. Metalated Porous Phenanthroline-Based Polymers as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for Regioselective C-H Activation of Heteroarenes. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2469-2474. [PMID: 34241970 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Direct C-H bond activation of heterocycles as a step-economical and environmentally friendly approach to build the heterobiaryls motifs is highly attractive, but it still has a challenge to design and prepare a cheap and regioselective heterogeneous catalyst. To tackle this challenge, we have introduced Ni species into a porous phenanthroline-based organic polymer donated as POP-Phen@Ni. This heterogeneous catalyst shows excellent catalytic performances in regioselective C-H activation of heterocycles, even better than those of the corresponding homogenous catalyst. H/D exchange experiments show that the lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (LiHMDS), a base added in the reaction, play a very important role during the reaction processes. We believe that this heterogeneous catalyst would open a new door for design of heterogeneous catalysts to efficiently catalyze the regioselective C-H activation of heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang province Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Sai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, P. R. China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, P. R. China
| | - Xiangju Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Shou Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, P. R. China.,Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education and College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tao R, Kang K, Li X, Li R, Huang R, Jin Y, Qiu L, Zhang W. Controlled Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles with Size-Dependent Catalytic Activities Enabled by Organic Molecular Cages. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12517-12525. [PMID: 34320317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Particle size plays a key role in the performance of metal nanoparticles (MNPs). However, the size-controlled synthesis of MNPs still represents a challenging task. In this work, we revealed a strong solvent effect on the growth of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs), which was directed by a porous [2 + 3] organic molecular cage (OMC, Phos-cage) containing triphenylphosphine moieties. PdNPs with different average diameters of 0.8, 1.2, and 3.3 nm supported by Phos-cage were obtained by simply varying the reaction media. The catalytic performance of such ultrafine PdNPs in the reduction of p-nitrophenol and a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction has been studied, which clearly shows size-dependent catalytic activity and stability. The knowledge gained in this study, controlling the size of PdNPs supported by the OMC template in different solvents, will open new possibilities for size-controlled synthesis of ultrafine MNPs with high catalytic activity and stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rao Tao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Kun Kang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xian Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyang Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Rong Huang
- Advanced Analysis and Measurement Center of Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yinghua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Li Qiu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar P, Das A, Maji B. Phosphorus containing porous organic polymers: synthetic techniques and applications in organic synthesis and catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4174-4192. [PMID: 33871521 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00137j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The phosphorus-containing porous organic polymer is a trending material for the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts. Decades of investigations have established phosphines as versatile ligands in homogeneous catalysis. Recently, phosphine-based heterogeneous catalysts were synthesized to exploit the same electronic properties while leveraging extra stability and reusability. In the last few decades, the catalysts were applied in diverse organic transformations, including hydroformylation, hydrogenation, C-C, C-N and C-X coupling, hydrosilylation, oxidative-carbonylation reactions, and so on. However, even though these polymers possess a multifunctional character, they face multiple synthetic issues in controlling the pore size, increasing the surface area, and creating a single type of active site. This review summarizes the developments in this field over the last few decades, highlighting the current limitation and future scope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|