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Wu D, Commenge JM, Fort E, Hardy C, Pecquery J, Falk L. Performance, Efficiency, and Flexibility Analysis of a High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell-Based Micro-Combined Heat-and-Power System with Intensification of the Steam Methane Reforming Step by Using a Millistructured Reactor. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20589-20610. [PMID: 37323395 PMCID: PMC10268285 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The complete simulation model of an existing 1 kW high-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cell-based residential micro-combined heat-and-power process, including a compact intensified heat-exchanger-reactor, is developed in the simulation software ProSimPlus v3.6.16. Detailed simulation models of the heat-exchanger-reactor, a mathematical model of the HT-PEM fuel cell, and other components are presented. The results obtained by the simulation model and by the experimental micro-cogenerator are compared and discussed. To fully understand the behavior of the integrated system and assess its flexibility, a parametric study is performed considering fuel partialization and important operating parameters. The values of the air-to-fuel ratio = [30, 7.5] and steam-to-carbon ratio = 3.5 (corresponding to net electrical and thermal efficiencies of 21.5 and 71.4%) are chosen for the analysis of inlet/outlet component temperatures. Finally, the exchange network analysis of the full process proves that the process efficiencies can still be increased by further improving the process internal heat integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Laboratoire
Réactions et Génie des Procédés, UMR 7274, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 1 Rue Grandville, Nancy F-54000, France
- AUER, Rue de la République, Feuquières-en-Vimeu 80210, France
| | - Jean-Marc Commenge
- Laboratoire
Réactions et Génie des Procédés, UMR 7274, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 1 Rue Grandville, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Emilien Fort
- AUER, Rue de la République, Feuquières-en-Vimeu 80210, France
| | - Claire Hardy
- AUER, Rue de la République, Feuquières-en-Vimeu 80210, France
| | - Jérôme Pecquery
- AUER, Rue de la République, Feuquières-en-Vimeu 80210, France
| | - Laurent Falk
- Laboratoire
Réactions et Génie des Procédés, UMR 7274, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 1 Rue Grandville, Nancy F-54000, France
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Grande CA, Didriksen T. Production of Customized Reactors by 3D Printing for Corrosive and Exothermic Reactions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Grande
- SINTEF Industry, Forskningsveien 1, 0373 Oslo, Norway
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center & Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Bolivar JM, Valikhani D, Nidetzky B. Demystifying the Flow: Biocatalytic Reaction Intensification in Microstructured Enzyme Reactors. Biotechnol J 2018; 14:e1800244. [PMID: 30091533 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Continuous (flow) reactors have drawn a wave of renewed interest in biocatalysis. Many studies find that the flow reactor offers enhanced conversion efficiency. What the reported reaction intensification actually consists in, however, often remains obscure. Here, a canonical microreactor design for heterogeneously catalyzed continuous biotransformations, featuring flow microchannels that contain the enzyme immobilized on their wall surface are examined. Glycosylations by sucrose phosphorylase are used to assess the potential for reaction intensification due to microscale effects. Key variables are identified, and their corresponding relationship equations, to describe, and optimize, the interplay between reaction characteristics, microchannel geometry and reactor operation. The maximum space-time-yield (STY_max) scales directly with the enzyme activity immobilized on the available wall surface. Timescale analysis, comparing the characteristic times of reaction (τreac ) and diffusion (τdiff ) to the mean residence time (τres ), reveals operational conditions for optimum reactor output. Theoretical insight into determinants of microreactor performance is applied to biocatalytic syntheses of α-d-glucose 1-phosphate and α-glucosyl glycerol. Process boundaries for enzyme showing, respectively, high (80 U mg-1 ) and low (4 U mg-1 ) specific activities are thus established and options for process design revealed. Opportunities, and limitations, of the application of principles of microscale flow chemistry to biocatalytic transformations are made evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, Graz, Austria
| | - Donya Valikhani
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, Graz, Austria
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ŽivkoviĿ LA, NikaĿeviĿ NM. A method for reactor synthesis based on process intensification principles and optimization of superstructure consisting of phenomenological modules. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bolivar JM, Tribulato MA, Petrasek Z, Nidetzky B. Let the substrate flow, not the enzyme: Practical immobilization of d
-amino acid oxidase in a glass microreactor for effective biocatalytic conversions. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:2342-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology; NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 Graz A-8010 Austria
| | - Marco A. Tribulato
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology; NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 Graz A-8010 Austria
| | - Zdenek Petrasek
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology; NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 Graz A-8010 Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology; NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 Graz A-8010 Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB); Graz Austria
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Rodríguez-Guerra Y, Gerling LA, López-Guajardo EA, Lozano-García FJ, Nigam KDP, Montesinos-Castellanos A. Design of Micro- and Milli-Channel Heat Exchanger Reactors for Homogeneous Exothermic Reactions in the Laminar Regime. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yatziri Rodríguez-Guerra
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
| | - Luciano A. Gerling
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
| | - Enrique A. López-Guajardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
| | - Francisco J. Lozano-García
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
| | - Krishna D. P. Nigam
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
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Boutin G, Wei M, Fan Y, Luo L. Experimental measurement of flow distribution in a parallel mini-channel fluidic network using PIV technique. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Boutin
- Laboratoire de Thermocinétique de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6607; Polytech' Nantes-Université de Nantes; La Chantrerie, Rue Christian Pauc, BP 50609 44306 Nantes Cedex 03 France
| | - Min Wei
- Laboratoire de Thermocinétique de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6607; Polytech' Nantes-Université de Nantes; La Chantrerie, Rue Christian Pauc, BP 50609 44306 Nantes Cedex 03 France
| | - Yilin Fan
- Laboratoire de Thermocinétique de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6607; Polytech' Nantes-Université de Nantes; La Chantrerie, Rue Christian Pauc, BP 50609 44306 Nantes Cedex 03 France
| | - Lingai Luo
- Laboratoire de Thermocinétique de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6607; Polytech' Nantes-Université de Nantes; La Chantrerie, Rue Christian Pauc, BP 50609 44306 Nantes Cedex 03 France
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Laurenti E, dos Santos Vianna Jr. A. Enzymatic microreactors in biocatalysis: history, features, and future perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/boca-2015-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMicrofluidic reaction devices are a very promising technology for chemical and biochemical processes. In microreactors, the micro dimensions, coupled with a high surface area/volume ratio, permit rapid heat exchange and mass transfer, resulting in higher reaction yields and reaction rates than in conventional reactors. Moreover, the lower energy consumption and easier separation of products permit these systems to have a lower environmental impact compared to macroscale, conventional reactors. Due to these benefits, the use of microreactors is increasing in the biocatalysis field, both by using enzymes in solution and their immobilized counterparts. Following an introduction to the most common applications of microreactors in chemical processes, a broad overview will be given of the latest applications in biocatalytic processes performed in microreactors with free or immobilized enzymes. In particular, attention is given to the nature of the materials used as a support for the enzymes and the strategies employed for their immobilization. Mathematical and engineering aspects concerning fluid dynamics in microreactors were also taken into account as fundamental factors for the optimization of these systems.
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Wohlgemuth R, Plazl I, Žnidaršič-Plazl P, Gernaey KV, Woodley JM. Microscale technology and biocatalytic processes: opportunities and challenges for synthesis. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 33:302-14. [PMID: 25836031 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the expanding presence of microscale technology in chemical synthesis and energy production as well as in biomedical devices and analytical and diagnostic tools, its potential in biocatalytic processes for pharmaceutical and fine chemicals, as well as related industries, has not yet been fully exploited. The aim of this review is to shed light on the strategic advantages of this promising technology for the development and realization of biocatalytic processes and subsequent product recovery steps, demonstrated with examples from the literature. Constraints, opportunities, and the future outlook for the implementation of these key green engineering methods and the role of supporting tools such as mathematical models to establish sustainable production processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Plazl
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Polona Žnidaršič-Plazl
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Krist V Gernaey
- CAPEC-PROCESS Research Center, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - John M Woodley
- CAPEC-PROCESS Research Center, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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de Beer MM, Keurentjes JT, Schouten JC, van der Schaaf J. Intensification of convective heat transfer in a stator-rotor-stator spinning disc reactor. AIChE J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michiel M. de Beer
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jos T.F. Keurentjes
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jaap C. Schouten
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - John van der Schaaf
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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Saeidi S, Nikoo MK, Mirvakili A, Bahrani S, Saidina Amin NA, Rahimpour MR. Recent advances in reactors for low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: process intensification perspective. REV CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2014-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch (LTFT) process aims to produce heavy cuts such as wax and diesel. For many years, there have been studies and improvements on the LTFT process to make the existing reactors more efficient. Recent studies have proposed innovative configurations such as monolithic loop and membrane reactors as well as microchannel reactor, which improved the performance of LTFT synthesis. This persuades us to update the existing knowledge about the available reactors. Some fundamental features of the current reactors, which belong to the classes of conventional reactors (fixed-bed reactors and slurry reactors) and innovative reactors, are discussed to assist the selection of the most efficient reactors specifically for heavy-cuts production. Published experimental and theoretical works with respect to developments in reactor technology and significant advances in catalysis (such as using structured packing, foams, and knitted wire as catalyst supports due to their excellent radial mixing properties) of the FT process are analyzed and discussed. Consequently, it is shown that the LTFT innovative reactors have higher CO conversions and selectivity of desired heavy cuts. Furthermore, the place of innovative reactors among conventional reactors in terms of effective process parameters on the product distribution has been estimated.
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Mbodji M, Commenge JM, Falk L. Preliminary design and simulation of a microstructured reactor for production of synthesis gas by steam methane reforming. Chem Eng Res Des 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Alumina-grafted macro-/mesoporous silica monoliths as continuous flow microreactors for the Diels–Alder reaction. J Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bakhtiary-Davijany H, Hayer F, Kim Phan X, Myrstad R, Pfeifer P, Venvik HJ, Holmen A. Performance of a multi-slit packed bed microstructured reactor in the synthesis of methanol: Comparison with a laboratory fixed-bed reactor. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bolivar JM, Wiesbauer J, Nidetzky B. Biotransformations in microstructured reactors: more than flowing with the stream? Trends Biotechnol 2011; 29:333-42. [PMID: 21546108 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Rachedi F, Guilet R, Cognet P, Tasselli J, Marty A, Dubreuil P. Microreactor for Acetone Deep Oxidation over Platinum. Chem Eng Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200900378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Thomsen MS, Nidetzky B. Coated-wall microreactor for continuous biocatalytic transformations using immobilized enzymes. Biotechnol J 2009; 4:98-107. [PMID: 18618472 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200800051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malene S Thomsen
- Research Center Applied Biocatalysis, Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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Development of an Industrial Multi-Injection Microreactor for Fast and Exothermic Reactions - Part II. Chem Eng Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200800131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Renken A, Kiwi‐Minsker L. Chemical Reactions in Continuous –flow Microstructured Reactors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527616749.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Boutin O, Maruejouls C, Charbit G. A new system for particle formation using the principle of the SAS process: The Concentric Tube Antisolvent Reactor (CTAR). J Supercrit Fluids 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2006.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Walter S, Malmberg S, Schmidt B, Liauw M. Comparison of Microchannel and Fixed Bed Reactors for Selective Oxidation Reactions. Chem Eng Res Des 2005. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd.04066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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