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Rho H, Lee YG, Cho J, Woo YC, Chon K. A novel approach to measure carbonate alkalinity in aqueous solutions using a total organic carbon analyzer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166127. [PMID: 37572905 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbonate alkalinity is crucial in regulating the pH and buffering capacity of natural water systems. Thus, its accurate measurement is essential to understand various water environments that affect water quality and ecosystem health. However, conventional potentiometric titration has some limitations. It results in inaccurate measurements of carbonate alkalinity when the alkalinity levels are low or when high dissolved organic matter or inorganic ion levels exist. Herein, we propose a novel approach to accurately measure carbonate alkalinity using a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer. An extensive study comparing the accuracy and reliability of the conventional potentiometric titration method with those of the newly developed TOC method was conducted to develop and verify highly accurate measurements of carbonate alkalinity. The TOC method has several advantages over the conventional potentiometric titration methods, such as its ability to accurately measure carbonate alkalinity in the presence of high dissolved organic matter or inorganic ion levels and its ability to provide rapid and automated measurements with high reproducibility. Because, the limit of detection, limit of quantification, and the variation coefficient of the measurements was 0.016 mM (0.2 mgC/L), 0.050 mM (0.6 mgC/L), and 3.68 % respectively. Thus, the development of a novel TOC method has significant environmental implications as it provides a reliable and accurate means to measure carbonate alkalinity in solutions containing various organic matter types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojung Rho
- Department of Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyang-Daero, Ilsanseo-Gu, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Gu Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Art, Culture, and Engineering, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeweon Cho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chul Woo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmin Chon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Art, Culture, and Engineering, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Energy and Infrasystem, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehak-gil, 1, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Ossa-Arias MDM, González-Martínez S. Characteristics of the digestates from OFMSW methane production at psychrophilic, mesophilic, and thermophilic conditions under different organic loading rates. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-13. [PMID: 38009199 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2288943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) has shown to be a viable alternative since it allows energy recovery in the form of methane and generates a residue (digestate) that can be applied effectively as a soil improver or fertiliser. The potential for methane production and the digestates' characteristics depend on the substrate characteristics and the process variables such as temperature, solids retention time, and organic load. This study dealt with OFMSW anaerobic digestion under different organic loading rates and temperatures and the characteristics of the resulting digestates. Three semi-continuous reactors were operated at 20, 35, and 55°C and fed daily with ground, fresh OFMSW from Mexico City. The inoculum was temperature-adapted UASB granular sludge. The main results indicate that the anaerobic digestion was adequate, as the pH values were slightly alkaline, which is sufficient for methanization, and the alkalinity was not a limiting factor. Potassium and PO4-P increased with the organic load, and Kjeldahl nitrogen decreased. At 20°C, total organic carbon (TOC) increased substantially with the organic load; at 35°C, it remained without significant changes; and at 55°C, TOC slightly decreased with the organic load. The C/N ratio changed accordingly to TOC variations. At 20°C, the residual biogas potential increased with the organic load; at 35 and 55°C, it decreased with increasing organic load; the residual biogas potential increased with residual fatty acids concentrations. To comply with international standards for agricultural use, the digestates need only dewatering and supplementing with PO4-P.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simón González-Martínez
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institute of Engineering, National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Mexico City, Mexico
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Körber M, Weinrich S, Span R, Gerber M. Demand-oriented biogas production to cover residual load of an electricity self-sufficient community using a simple kinetic model. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127664. [PMID: 35872271 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible biogas production can enable demand-oriented energy supply without the need for expensive gas storage expansions, but poses challenges to the stability of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. In this work, biogas production of laboratory-scale AD of maize silage and sugar beets was optimized to cover the residual load of an electricity self-sufficient community using a simple process model based on first-order kinetics. Experiments show a good agreement between biogas demand, predicted, and measured biogas production. By optimizing biogas conversion schedules based on the measured gas production, a gas storage capacity of 7-8 h was identified for maximum flexibility, which corresponds to typical gas storage sizes at industrial biogas plants in Germany. Various stability indicators were continuously monitored and proved resilient process conditions. These results demonstrate that demand-oriented biogas production using model predictive control is a promising approach to enable existing biogas plants to provide balancing energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Körber
- Thermodynamics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Sören Weinrich
- Biochemical Conversion Department, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roland Span
- Thermodynamics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Mandy Gerber
- Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Bochum University of Applied Sciences, Am Hochschulcampus 1, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Accurate Estimation of Bicarbonate and Acetic Acid Concentrations with Wider Ranges in Anaerobic Media Using Classical FOS/TAC Titration Method. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112411843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The determination of a volatile fatty acid content (FOS) and total alkalinity (TAC) can be carried out using Nordmann’s FOS/TAC titration method developed in the 1970s. This two-point titration (pH = 5 and 4.4) can be simply implemented and is widely employed by both the academic and industrial worlds. However, the present study proves that Nordmann’s method is only valid in limited ranges, since the titration of one FOS and TAC has an impact on the determination of the other, especially in extreme conditions. The present work develops a numerical tool with Scilab simulating the acid–base equilibria of titration. The program is efficient in predicting the experimental equivalent volumes obtained from Nordmann’s method with different combinations of sodium acetate and sodium bicarbonate contents. The mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) between the simulation and experiment are below 7%. Two new formulas are developed, considering both equivalent volumes at pH = 5 and 4.4 to calibrate FOS and TAC values. The proposed formulas show their good performance in predicting various combinations of FOS and TAC contents in an anaerobic digestate at TAC ranging from 0 to 20,000 mg CaCO3·L−1 and FOS ranging from 0 to 31,000 mg HAc·L−1.
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Biogas Production by Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Co-Digestion and Life Cycle Assessment Using a Real Scale Scenario: Independent Parameters and Co-Substrates Influence. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the performance of different agricultural by-products to identify the potential effect of independent variables, using as the dependent variable the biogas production. A Box–Behnken experimental design was carried out in a pilot-scale plant of four stirred stainless-steel digesters under mesophilic semi-continuous digestion. The results obtained support the creation of a technical framework to scale up the process and further evaluation of the potential environmental impacts through life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. A stable behaviour was achieved in 12 of the 13 experiments proposed. The highest value of daily biogas production was 2200.15 mL day−1 with a stabilization time of 14 days, an organic loading rate of 4 g VS feed daily, low C/N ratio and a 1:1 relation of nitrogen providers. The concentrations of CH4 remained stable after the production stabilization and an average biogas composition of 60.6% CH4, 40.1% CO2 and 0.3% O2 was obtained for the conditions mentioned above. Therefore, the real scale plant was estimated to manage 2.67 tonnes of residual biomass per day, generating 369.69 kWh day−1 of electricity. The LCA analysis confirms that the co-digestion process evaluated is a feasible and environmentally sustainable option for the diversification of the Colombian energy matrix and the development of the agro-industrial sector.
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Castellón-Zelaya MF, González-Martínez S. Silage of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste to improve methane production. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:2536-2548. [PMID: 34032629 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The silage of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a common practice in biogas plants. During silage, fermentation processes take place, affecting the later methanisation stage. There are no studies about how OFMSW silage affects methane production. This work aimed to determine the effects of silage (anaerobic acid fermentation) at different solids concentrations and temperatures on methane production. OFMSW was ensiled at 20, 35, and 55 °C with total solids (TS) concentrations of 10, 20, and 28% for 15 days. The ensiled OFMSW was then tested for methane production at the substrate to inoculum ratios (S/I) of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. Independently of the temperature, the production of the metabolites during silage increases with decreasing solids concentration. The highest production was of lactic acid, ethanol, and acetic acid, representing together 95% of the total. Methane production from ensiled OFMSW at 10% solids concentration shows, under every tested condition, better methane production than from fresh OFMSW. Ensiled OFMSW produces more methane than fresh OFMSW, and methane production was highest at 35 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario F Castellón-Zelaya
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institute of Engineering, National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico E-mail:
| | - Simón González-Martínez
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institute of Engineering, National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico E-mail:
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Kazemi P, Giralt J, Bengoa C, Steyer JP. Data-driven fault detection methods for detecting small-magnitude faults in anaerobic digestion process. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:1740-1748. [PMID: 32644966 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of small-magnitude faults in anaerobic digestion (AD) processes is a mandatory step for preventing serious consequence in the future. Since volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulation is widely suggested as a process health indicator, a VFA soft-sensor was developed based on support vector machine (SVM) and used for generating the residuals by comparing real and predicted VFA. The estimated residual signal was applied to univariate statistical control charts such as cumulative sum (CUSUM) and square prediction error (SPE) to detect the faults. A principal component analysis (PCA) model was also developed for comparison with the aforementioned approach. The proposed framework showed excellent performance for detecting small-magnitude faults in the state parameters of AD processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pezhman Kazemi
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Avda. Paisos Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain E-mail:
| | - Jaume Giralt
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Avda. Paisos Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain E-mail:
| | - Christophe Bengoa
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Avda. Paisos Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain E-mail:
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Lin YC, Ni CH, Wu CY, Lin JCT. A full-scale study of external circulation sludge bed (ECSB) system for anaerobic wastewater treatment in a whiskey distillery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:34261-34276. [PMID: 30635882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-4018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Waste liquid streams from distillery were a hurdle in conventional wastewater treatment due to extreme high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and fluctuating feed conditions. A recently commissioned full-scale external circulation sludge bed (ECSB) was applied at a malt whiskey distillery in northeast Taiwan. Start-up of the new ECSB system, which has a total volume of 490 m3 with diameter of 6.55 m (ø) and height of 15.9 m (H), was performed by gradual increasing influent flow rates from zero to the design value of 300 m3 day-1 in the first 90 days. In the subsequent 204 days, both influent flow rates (0-389 m3 day-1) and COD concentrations (2.8-18.1 kg L-1) were highly fluctuated due to diverse batches from the distillery. However, effective bioremediation (COD removal 95.1 ± 2.4%) and biogas production (1195 ± 724 L day-1) were achieved in this system. Intensively, the Imhoff tests were carried out and shown the settled solids concentration by 0.5 ± 0.4 mL L-1, while size distributions of granular sludge were analyzed and observed by SEM-EDS. In addition, developments of the anaerobic systems (including lab, pilot, and full scale from the simplest reactor to the latest ECSB) applied in whiskey wastewater treatment were reviewed with their operational parameters for comparing performances of various anaerobic systems. In general, real-time monitoring and feasible operation strategies were critical to successfully run the system by producing clean energy simultaneously. It provides more economically attractive and sustainable-to-adopt ECSB not only an end-of-pipe process but also a bioresource technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chung Lin
- EigenGreen International Inc., Taipei City, 10483, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hua Ni
- Eco-digital Technology Inc., Taipei City, 10483, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yi Wu
- EigenGreen International Inc., Taipei City, 10483, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Justin Chun-Te Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lu T, Zhang J, Wei Y, Shen P. Effects of ferric oxide on the microbial community and functioning during anaerobic digestion of swine manure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 287:121393. [PMID: 31100564 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron-based materials have been suggested as environmentally-friendly additives that can enhance methane production during anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, the effects of ferric oxide (Fe2O3) addition on methane production were investigated during swine manure AD. In addition, the effects of Fe2O3 addition on the AD ternary pH buffer system and microbial community were evaluated. Fe2O3 could improve the accumulative methane production by maximum 11.06% when adding 75 mmol of Fe2O3. Higher methane production could be attributed to the enhancement of direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) and the formation of Fe-S precipitates, but not the addition of Fe2O3 as a nutrient. Furthermore, Fe2O3 addition enhanced methanogenesis rather than acetogenesis, as evinced by analysis of functional genes. Nevertheless, high-throughput sequence analysis of microbial community composition revealed the lack of a significant influence by Fe2O3 addition, and Fe2O3 addition did not significantly affect the ternary pH buffer system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiedong Lu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
| | - Junya Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Peihong Shen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China.
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Wu Y, Kovalovszki A, Pan J, Lin C, Liu H, Duan N, Angelidaki I. Early warning indicators for mesophilic anaerobic digestion of corn stalk: a combined experimental and simulation approach. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:106. [PMID: 31073330 PMCID: PMC6498497 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring and providing early warning are essential operations in the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. However, there are still several challenges for identifying the early warning indicators and their thresholds. One particular challenge is that proposed strategies are only valid under certain conditions. Another is the feasibility and universality of the detailed threshold values obtained from different AD systems. In this article, we report a novel strategy for identifying early warning indicators and defining threshold values via a combined experimental and simulation approach. RESULTS The AD of corn stalk (CS) was conducted using mesophilic, completely stirred anaerobic reactors. Two overload modes (organic and hydraulic) and overload types (sudden and gradual) were applied in order to identify early warning indicators of the process and determine their threshold values. To verify the selection of experimental indicators, a combined experimental and simulation approach was adopted, using a modified anaerobic bioconversion mathematical model (BioModel). Results revealed that the model simulations agreed well with the experimental data. Furthermore, the ratio of intermediate alkalinity to bicarbonate alkalinity (IA/BA) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were selected as the most potent early warning indicators, with warning times of 7 days and 5-8 days, respectively. In addition, IA, BA, and VFA/BA were identified as potential auxiliary indicators for diagnosing imbalances in the AD system. The relative variations for indicators based on that of steady state were observed instead of the absolute threshold values, which make the early warning more feasible and universal. CONCLUSION The strategy of a combined approach presented that the model is promising tool for selecting and monitoring early warning indicators in various corn stalk AD scenarios. This study may offer insight into industrial application of early warning in AD system with mathematical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wu
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Adam Kovalovszki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jiahao Pan
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Cong Lin
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Na Duan
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Representative Sampling Implementation in Online VFA/TIC Monitoring for Anaerobic Digestion. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12061179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an automatic sampling system for anaerobic reactors that allows taking representative samples following the guidelines of Gy’s (1998) theory of sampling. Due to the high heterogeneity degree in a digester the sampling errors are larger than the analysis error, making representative sampling a prerequisite for successful process control. In our system, samples are automatically processed, generating a higher density of data and avoiding human error by sample manipulation. The combination of a representative sampling system with a commercial automate titration unit generates a robust online monitoring system for biogas plants. The system was successfully implemented in an operating biogas plant to control a feeding-on-demand biogas system.
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12
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Winde L, Berghoff A, Schories G, Mahro B. Comparative evaluation of sludge surface charge as an indicator of process fluctuations in a biogas reactor. Eng Life Sci 2018; 18:484-491. [PMID: 32624929 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The current political situation imposes high demands on the economic feasibility of biogas plants. High prizes for biogas substrates and a trend to reduced feed-in tariffs generated an increasing need to optimize substrate exploitation and operation conditions. This includes a comprehensive and reliable biogas process monitoring. For that purpose a number of different process monitoring methods like CH4 production rate, FOS/TAC (ratio of organic acid/total inorganic carbon alkalinity), pH or (auto)fluorescence are successfully applied. This paper will evaluate whether the surface charge - a parameter, which has not been in use so far - might also be suitable for biogas process monitoring. Since it is known that the surface charge is correlated with the adherence and floc formation capability of microbial cells, a change in surface charge might also reflect a change in the biogas process efficiency, or vice versa. To test this hypothesis, samples for the investigations were taken from a continuously stirred laboratory-scale tank biogas reactor with continuously increased substrate load. The impact of the load change was measured with both, surface charge and a number of more established monitoring parameters as given above. It was found that the "surface charge" reflected well short-term process changes (within hours) caused by an increasing substrate load in the reactor, though the highest short-term monitoring sensitivity was obtained with the "FOS/TAC" monitoring. Different from other monitoring parameters like CH4, pH, or FOS/TAC the value of the parameter "surface charge" decreased with every feeding, eventually indicating a continuous deterioration of the biogas process conditions. Surface charge might therefore be of particular use as a complementary tool especially for the long-term monitoring of biogas process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Winde
- Department of Renewable Energy and Resource Efficiency TTZ Bremerhaven Bremerhaven Germany.,Institute of Applied Biology and Environmental Engineering Bremen University of Applied Sciences Bremen Germany
| | - Anne Berghoff
- Department of Renewable Energy and Resource Efficiency TTZ Bremerhaven Bremerhaven Germany
| | - Gerhard Schories
- Department of Renewable Energy and Resource Efficiency TTZ Bremerhaven Bremerhaven Germany
| | - Bernd Mahro
- Institute of Applied Biology and Environmental Engineering Bremen University of Applied Sciences Bremen Germany
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Meng X, Yu D, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Liu J, Wang Y. Endogenous ternary pH buffer system with ammonia-carbonates-VFAs in high solid anaerobic digestion of swine manure: An alternative for alleviating ammonia inhibition? Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Pampillón-González L, Ortiz-Cornejo NL, Luna-Guido M, Dendooven L, Navarro-Noya YE. Archaeal and Bacterial Community Structure in an Anaerobic Digestion Reactor (Lagoon Type) Used for Biogas Production at a Pig Farm. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 27:306-317. [DOI: 10.1159/000479108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogas production from animal waste is an economically viable way to reduce environmental pollution and produce valuable products, i.e<i>.</i>, methane and a nutrient-rich organic waste product. An anaerobic digestion reactor for biogas production from pig waste was sampled at the entrance, middle (digestion chamber), and exit of a digester, while the bacterial and archaeal community structure was studied by 16S rRNA gene metagenomics. The number of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTU)-97% was 3-7 times larger than that of archaeal ones. Bacteria and Archaea found in feces of animals (e.g., Clostridiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, <i>Methanosarcina</i>, <i>Methanolobus</i>, <i>Methanosaeta</i>, and <i>Methanospirillum</i>) dominated the entrance of the digester. The digestion chamber was dominated by anaerobic sugar-fermenting OP9 bacteria and the syntrophic bacteria <i>Candidatus</i> Cloacamonas (Waste Water of Evry 1; WWE1). The methanogens dominant in the digestion chamber were the acetoclastic <i>Methanosaeta</i> and the hydrogenothrophic <i>Methanoculleus</i> and <i>Methanospirillum</i>. Similar bacterial and archaeal groups that dominated in the middle of the digestion chamber were found in the waste that left the digester. Predicted functions associated with degradation of xenobiotic compounds were significantly different between the sampling locations. The microbial community found in an anaerobic digestion reactor loaded with pig manure contained microorganisms with biochemical capacities related to the 4 phases of methane production.
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15
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Venkata Mohan S, Srikanth S, Nikhil GN. Augmentation of bacterial homeostasis by regulating in situ buffer capacity: Significance of total dissolved salts over acidogenic metabolism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 225:34-39. [PMID: 27875766 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
During anaerobic fermentation, consequent accumulation of acidic fermented products leads to the failure of pH homeostasis. The present study aimed to comprehend the changes in buffering capacity with addition of sodium salts of hydroxide, bicarbonate and phosphate. The results showed notable augmentation in buffer capacity and cumulative hydrogen production (CHP) compared to control. The influential factor is the amount of undissociated volatile fatty acids released that affected the cell metabolism and consequently biohydrogen generation. It is inferred that among the tested salts, sodium bicarbonate has substantial buffering capacity (β, 0.035± mol) ensuing maximum CHP (468± mL). Besides, bioelectrochemical analysis revealed variations in redox currents that aligned with biohydrogen production. The study provides valuable information on the role of inorganic dissolved salts that would be required to regulate H2 generation and acidogenesis in the aspects of acid-gas phase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
| | - S Srikanth
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - G N Nikhil
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences (BEES), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
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