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Tian H, Wang L, Zhu X, Zhang M, Li L, Liu Z, Abolfathi S. Biodegradation of microplastics derived from controlled release fertilizer coating: Selective microbial colonization and metabolism in plastisphere. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170978. [PMID: 38365031 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Coated controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) are widely used in agriculture, and the persistent presence of residual polymer coating has raised environmental concerns. This study investigates the underlying degradation dynamics of microplastics (MPs) derived from three typical materials used in CRFs, including polyethylene (PE), epoxy (EP), and polyurethane (PU), through a soil degradation test. The formation of surface biofilm, the succession process, and metabolic characteristics of microbial community are revealed by laser scanning confocal microscope, 16S rRNA sequencing, and non-targeted metabolomics analysis. The weight loss rates of PE, EP, and PU after 807 days of degradation were 16.70 %, 2.79 %, and 4.86 %, respectively. Significant secondary MPs were produced with tears and holes appeared in the coating cross sections and pyrolysis products were produced such as ethers, acids, and esters for PE; alkanes, olefins and their branched-chain derivatives for EP; and short-chain fatty acids and benzene molecules for PU. The coating surface selectively recruited the bacteria of Chujaibacter and Ralstonia and fungus of Fusarium and Penicillium, forming biofilm composed of lipids, proteins, and living cells. The metabolism of amino acids and polymers was enhanced to protect against MP-induced stress. The metabolites or intermediates of organic acids and derivatives, oxygen-contained organic compounds, and benzenoids on CRF surface increased significantly compared with soil, but there were no significant differences among different coating types. This study provides insights to the underlying mechanisms of biodegradation and microenvironmental changes of MPs in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, United Kingdom
| | - Min Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, United States
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Soroush Abolfathi
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47AL, United Kingdom
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Shang M, Wei Y, Zhou H, Wu T, Wang K, Chen H, Fang B, Zhao Y. Study on aging behavior of polyethylene glycol under three wavelengths of ultraviolet light irradiation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34576-34586. [PMID: 38024993 PMCID: PMC10669924 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06407g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PEG2000 (polyethylene glycol, molecular weight: 2000) is commonly used for the dehydration and reinforcement of waterlogged wooden cultural relics, but its photo-aging degradation will seriously affect the long-term conservation of the wooden cultural relics. In this study, the photo-aging characteristics and mechanisms of PEG2000 under UV (ultraviolet) irradiations of three wavelengths were comprehensively investigated, and the surface morphology, crystal structure, and relative molecular weight of PEG2000 were systematically characterized. The results showed that PEG2000 showed a higher gloss loss rate, carbonyl index and crystallinity, and a wider molecular weight distribution with increasing aging time, especially under the irradiation of 313 nm ultraviolet light. The evolution of the PEG2000 from surface to interior during photoaging was elucidated by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and it was determined that photodegradation not only occurs on the surface of PEG2000 but also gradually extends to the interior of the sample with the prolongation of irradiation time, resulting in the transformation of the basic component unit of spherical crystals in PEG2000 from fibrous crystals to spherical particles. Based on 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy), the photochemical reactions for the generation of degradation products were proposed, and it was found that the degradation occurred at the C-H and C-O-C bonds on the main chain, forming a large number of ester and ethoxy structures. The aging degree of PEG2000 was evaluated from the perspective of surface morphology and chemical structure by gloss and FTIR spectroscopy, and it was found that the combination of gloss loss rate and carbonyl index was more suitable to evaluate the aging degree of the sample. The relevant theoretical research will provide reliable guidance for the preservation of polyethylene glycol in waterlogged wooden cultural relics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Gansu Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Herong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Material, College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Beisong Fang
- Jingzhou Cultural Relics Protection Center Jingzhou 434000 China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Jingzhou Cultural Relics Protection Center Jingzhou 434000 China
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3
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Das S, Dalei G. In situ forming dialdehyde xanthan gum-gelatin Schiff-base hydrogels as potent controlled release fertilizers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162660. [PMID: 36894095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlled release fertilizer (CRF) hydrogels have blossomed into promising materials in agriculture owing to the sustained release of the fertilizer and also as soil conditioner. Apart from the traditional CRF hydrogels; Schiff-base hydrogels have garnered significant thrust that release nitrogen slowly in addition to reducing the environmental pollution. Herein, we have fabricated Schiff-base CRF hydrogels composed of dialdehyde xanthan gum (DAXG) and gelatin. The formation of the hydrogels was accomplished via the simplistic in situ crosslinking reaction between the aldehyde groups of DAXG and the amino groups of gelatin. The hydrogels acquired a compact network upon increasing the DAXG content in the matrix. The phytotoxic assay on different plants indicated the hydrogels to be nontoxic. The hydrogels demonstrated good water-retention behaviour in soil, along with reusability even after 5 cycles. A controlled release profile for urea was evident from the hydrogels wherein macromolecular relaxation played a crucial role in the release mechanism. Growth assays on Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) plant presented an intuitive evaluation on the growth and water-holding capacity of the CRF hydrogel. The present work demonstrated a facile preparation of CRF hydrogels to enhance the utilization of urea and retain soil humidity as fertilizer carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhraseema Das
- Department of Chemistry, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India.
| | - Ganeswar Dalei
- Department of Chemistry, Odisha University of Technology and Research, Bhubaneswar 751029, Odisha, India
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Lu H, Dun C, Jariwala H, Wang R, Cui P, Zhang H, Dai Q, Yang S, Zhang H. Improvement of bio-based polyurethane and its optimal application in controlled release fertilizer. J Control Release 2022; 350:748-760. [PMID: 36030990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, polyurethane has emerged as a new material that has been widely developed and applied in coated controlled release fertilizers (CRFs). Particularly in recent years, the excessive consumption of petroleum resources and increasing demand for sustainable development have resulted in considerable interest in bio-based polyurethane coated controlled-release fertilizers. This review article focuses on the application and progress of environmentally friendly bio-based materials in the polyurethane-coated CRF industry. We also explore prospects for the green and sustainable development of coated CRFs. Using animal and plant oils, starch, lignin, and cellulose as raw materials, polyols can be produced by physical, chemical, and biological means to replace petroleum-based materials and polyurethane film coating for CRFs can be prepared. Various modifications can also improve the hydrophobicity and degradability of polyurethane film. A growing body of research on bio-based polyurethane has revealed its great potential in the production and application of coated CRFs. The purpose of this review is to highlight the practicality of bio-based materials in the application of polyurethane-coated CRFs and to clarify their current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Canping Dun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Hiral Jariwala
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Peiyuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qigen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Hongcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Stefan DS, Bosomoiu M, Dancila AM, Stefan M. Review of Soil Quality Improvement Using Biopolymers from Leather Waste. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091928. [PMID: 35567096 PMCID: PMC9101923 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the use of fertilizers obtained from leather waste, to ameliorate the agricultural soil quality. The use of leather waste (hides and skins) as raw materials to obtain biopolymer-based fertilizers is an excellent example of a circular economy. This allows the recovery of a large quantity of the tanning agent in the case of tanned wastes, as well as the valorization of significant quantities of waste that would be otherwise disposed of by landfilling. The composition of organic biopolymers obtained from leather waste is a rich source of macronutrients (nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium), and micronutrients (boron, chloride, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel and zinc), necessary to improve the composition of agricultural soils, and to remediate the degraded soils. This enhances plant growth ensuring better crops. The nutrient release tests have demonstrated that, by using the biofertilizers with collagen or with collagen cross-linked with synthetic polymers, the nutrient release can be controlled and slowed. In this case, the loss of nutrients by leaching into the inferior layers of the soil and ground water is minimized, avoiding groundwater contamination, especially with nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Simina Stefan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.S.S.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Magdalena Bosomoiu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.S.S.); (A.M.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Annette Madelene Dancila
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.S.S.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Mircea Stefan
- Pharmacy Faculty, University Titu Maiorescu, 22 Dâmbovnicului Street, 040441 Bucharest, Romania;
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Zhang L, Tian H, Zhang M, Wu L, Guo W, Fang F, Sun X, Zhong Z, Du L, Liu Z. Preparation and Properties of Bio-Based Polyurethane Controlled Release Urea Coating with Photosensitivity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8558-8569. [PMID: 35309463 PMCID: PMC8928513 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the photodegradation ability of fertilizer coating material and realize the sustainability of fertilizers, in this study, the commercially available photosensitive iron stearate (FeSt3) was wet-ground into submicrometer FeSt3 (SFeSt3) particles and used in preparation of a SFeSt3-modified bio-based polyurethane (PU)-coated controlled release urea (PU-SFe-CRU). The results showed that after 1 month photodegradation, the coating material had significant yellowing, the oxygen content of SFeSt3-modified PU (PU-SFe) increased by 56.89%, and its structure became more porous and looser than PU. The thermal stability of PU-SFe decreased, and more intermediate products were produced after exposure to UV light. The germination experiment showed that PU-SFe before and after photodegradation (up to 60 mg/L) had no adverse effect on the seed germination and bud growth of rice. Additionally, PU-SFe had a significantly higher Cr adsorption capacity after photodegradation due to the increase of the oxygen-containing group and specific surface. This study provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of photodegradable environment-friendly controlled release urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- National
Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and
Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Hongyu Tian
- National
Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and
Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Min Zhang
- National
Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and
Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Crop Specific Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Xinyangfeng Agricultural
Technology Co Ltd., Jingmen, Hubei 448001, China
| | - Wusong Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Crop Specific Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Xinyangfeng Agricultural
Technology Co Ltd., Jingmen, Hubei 448001, China
| | - Fuli Fang
- Key
Laboratory of Crop Specific Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Xinyangfeng Agricultural
Technology Co Ltd., Jingmen, Hubei 448001, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- National
Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and
Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zijing Zhong
- National
Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and
Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Longxu Du
- National
Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and
Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- National
Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and
Fertilizer Resources, College of Recourses and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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Designing chitosan based eco-friendly multifunctional soil conditioner systems with urea controlled release and water retention. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 223:115040. [PMID: 31427019 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The paper reports new soil conditioner systems obtained by in situ hydrogelation of chitosan with salicylaldehyde in the presence of urea fertilizer, designed to address both fertilization and water retention of the soil. The new systems were structural, supramolecular and morphological characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD diffraction, POM and SEM microscopy. The rate of urea release has been investigated by NMR analysis and the release mechanism has been assessed by fitting five mathematical models. The formulations showed high water absorbency of 68 g/g, and they induced water holding capacity in soil up to 154% and an increment of the nitrogen content in soil to almost double, leading to a growth of plants with almost 70% higher compared to the reference soil. All these data revealed the new systems as new multifunctional soil conditioner ecoproducts capable to address both fertilizing and water retention issues, with high potential of application for sustainable agriculture.
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AlShamaileh E, Al-Rawajfeh AE, Alrbaihat M. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Slow-release Fertilizers: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1874331501812010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aims/Objective:This review discusses the processes and applications associated with the mechanochemical synthesis of Slow-Release Fertilizers (SRF) from different resources.Explanation:The effect of mineral fertilizers on the environment and on living species will be discussed. Moreover, various aspects related to fertilizers production and applications are illustrated. It is found that solid-solid mechanical interaction initiates chemical reactions by lowering their energy of activation when compared to other thermochemical processes. Since milling is an important industrial operation, its contribution to materials processing is discussed.Conclusion:In general, SRFs increase the value of nutrient uptake in plants and reduces energy consumption and labor costs.
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