1
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Leonhardt F, Gennari A, Paludo GB, Schmitz C, da Silveira FX, Moura DCDA, Renard G, Volpato G, Volken de Souza CF. A systematic review about affinity tags for one-step purification and immobilization of recombinant proteins: integrated bioprocesses aiming both economic and environmental sustainability. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:186. [PMID: 37193330 PMCID: PMC10182917 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03616-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study reviewed and discussed the promising affinity tags for one-step purification and immobilization of recombinant proteins. The approach used to structure this systematic review was The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) methodology. The Scopus and Web of Science databases were used to perform the bibliographic survey by which 267 articles were selected. After the inclusion/exclusion criteria and the screening process, from 25 chosen documents, we identified 7 types of tags used in the last 10 years, carbohydrate-binding module tag (CBM), polyhistidine (His-tag), elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), silaffin-3-derived pentalysine cluster (Sil3k tag), N-acetylmuramidase (AcmA tag), modified haloalkane dehalogenase (HaloTag®), and aldehyde from a lipase polypeptide (Aldehyde tag). The most used bacterial host for expressing the targeted protein was Escherichia coli and the most used expression vector was pET-28a. The results demonstrated two main immobilization and purification methods: the use of supports and the use of self-aggregating tags without the need of support, depending on the tag used. Besides, the chosen terminal for cloning the tag proved to be very important once it could alter enzyme activity. In conclusion, the best tag for protein one-step purification and immobilization was CBM tag, due to the eco-friendly supports that can be provided from industry wastes, the fast immobilization with high specificity, and the reduced cost of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Leonhardt
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari, Univates, Av. Avelino Tallini, 171, Lajeado, RS ZC 95914-014 Brazil
| | - Adriano Gennari
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari, Univates, Av. Avelino Tallini, 171, Lajeado, RS ZC 95914-014 Brazil
| | - Graziela Barbosa Paludo
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari, Univates, Av. Avelino Tallini, 171, Lajeado, RS ZC 95914-014 Brazil
| | - Caroline Schmitz
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari, Univates, Av. Avelino Tallini, 171, Lajeado, RS ZC 95914-014 Brazil
| | - Filipe Xerxeneski da Silveira
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, IFRS, Porto Alegre Campus, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | | | - Gaby Renard
- Quatro G Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento Ltda, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Giandra Volpato
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, IFRS, Porto Alegre Campus, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Claucia Fernanda Volken de Souza
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari, Univates, Av. Avelino Tallini, 171, Lajeado, RS ZC 95914-014 Brazil
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2
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Pei X, Luo Z, Qiao L, Xiao Q, Zhang P, Wang A, Sheldon RA. Putting precision and elegance in enzyme immobilisation with bio-orthogonal chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7281-7304. [PMID: 35920313 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01004b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The covalent immobilisation of enzymes generally involves the use of highly reactive crosslinkers, such as glutaraldehyde, to couple enzyme molecules to each other or to carriers through, for example, the free amino groups of lysine residues, on the enzyme surface. Unfortunately, such methods suffer from a lack of precision. Random formation of covalent linkages with reactive functional groups in the enzyme leads to disruption of the three dimensional structure and accompanying activity losses. This review focuses on recent advances in the use of bio-orthogonal chemistry in conjunction with rec-DNA to affect highly precise immobilisation of enzymes. In this way, cost-effective combination of production, purification and immobilisation of an enzyme is achieved, in a single unit operation with a high degree of precision. Various bio-orthogonal techniques for putting this precision and elegance into enzyme immobilisation are elaborated. These include, for example, fusing (grafting) peptide or protein tags to the target enzyme that enable its immobilisation in cell lysate or incorporating non-standard amino acids that enable the application of bio-orthogonal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Pei
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Luo
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Li Qiao
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qinjie Xiao
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Anming Wang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Roger A Sheldon
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa. .,Department of Biotechnology, Section BOC, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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3
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Velasco-Lozano S, Rocha-Martin J, dos Santos JCS. Editorial: Designing Carrier-Free Immobilized Enzymes for Biocatalysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:924743. [PMID: 35814026 PMCID: PMC9257270 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.924743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC BiomaGUNE, San Sebastián, Spain
- *Correspondence: Susana Velasco-Lozano, ; Javier Rocha-Martin, ; José C. S. dos Santos,
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Susana Velasco-Lozano, ; Javier Rocha-Martin, ; José C. S. dos Santos,
| | - José C. S. dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Susana Velasco-Lozano, ; Javier Rocha-Martin, ; José C. S. dos Santos,
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4
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Mittmann E, Mickoleit F, Maier DS, Stäbler SY, Klein MA, Niemeyer CM, Rabe KS, Schüler D. A Magnetosome-Based Platform for Flow Biocatalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:22138-22150. [PMID: 35508355 PMCID: PMC9121345 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis in flow reactor systems is of increasing importance for the transformation of the chemical industry. However, the necessary immobilization of biocatalysts remains a challenge. We here demonstrate that biogenic magnetic nanoparticles, so-called magnetosomes, represent an attractive alternative for the development of nanoscale particle formulations to enable high and stable conversion rates in biocatalytic flow processes. In addition to their intriguing material characteristics, such as high crystallinity, stable magnetic moments, and narrow particle size distribution, magnetosomes offer the unbeatable advantage over chemically synthesized nanoparticles that foreign protein "cargo" can be immobilized on the enveloping membrane via genetic engineering and thus, stably presented on the particle surface. To exploit these advantages, we develop a modular connector system in which abundant magnetosome membrane anchors are genetically fused with SpyCatcher coupling groups, allowing efficient covalent coupling with complementary SpyTag-functionalized proteins. The versatility of this approach is demonstrated by immobilizing a dimeric phenolic acid decarboxylase to SpyCatcher magnetosomes. The functionalized magnetosomes outperform similarly functionalized commercial particles by exhibiting stable substrate conversion during a 60 h period, with an average space-time yield of 49.2 mmol L-1 h-1. Overall, our results demonstrate that SpyCatcher magnetosomes significantly expand the genetic toolbox for particle surface functionalization and increase their application potential as nano-biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mittmann
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces 1, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Frank Mickoleit
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Denis S. Maier
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sabrina Y. Stäbler
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marius A. Klein
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christof M. Niemeyer
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces 1, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Kersten S. Rabe
- Institute
for Biological Interfaces 1, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schüler
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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5
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Basso A, Brown MS, Cruz-Izquierdo A, Martinez CA, Serban S. Optimization of Metal Affinity Ketoreductase Immobilization for Application in Batch and Flow Processes. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Basso
- Unit D, Purolite Ltd., Llantrisant Business Park, Llantrisant CF72 8LF, U.K
| | - Maria S. Brown
- Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - Carlos A. Martinez
- Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Simona Serban
- Unit D, Purolite Ltd., Llantrisant Business Park, Llantrisant CF72 8LF, U.K
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6
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Rocha RA, Speight RE, Scott C. Engineering Enzyme Properties for Improved Biocatalytic Processes in Batch and Continuous Flow. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel A. Rocha
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- CSIRO Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, CSIRO Land & Water, Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Robert E. Speight
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Colin Scott
- CSIRO Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, CSIRO Land & Water, Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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7
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González-Fernández C, Gómez-Pastora J, Bringas E, Zborowski M, Chalmers JJ, Ortiz I. Recovery of Magnetic Catalysts: Advanced Design for Process Intensification. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021; 60:16780-16790. [PMID: 34866775 PMCID: PMC8630691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The design of microdevices
in which components with magnetic character
must be separated and recovered from reactive media benefits from
the advantages of microfluidics and meets the criteria for process
intensification; however, there are open questions, such as the design
of the most appropriate magnet arrangement, that need further research
in order to increase the magnetic gradient exerted on the particles.
Herein, we focus on the continuous recovery of magnetic microparticles,
that can be used as support to facilitate the recovery of biocatalysts
(magnetic microcatalysts, MMCs) from biological fluids. We analyze
and compare the performance of two typical magnetophoretic microdevices
for addressing bead recovery: (i) annular channels with a quadrupole
orientation of the permanent magnets (quadrupole magnetic sorter,
QMS) and (ii) the standard design, which consists of rectangular channels
with a single permanent magnet to generate the magnetic field. To
this end, an experimentally validated computational fluid dynamics
(CFD) numerical model has been employed. Our results reveal that for
devices with the same width and length, the micro-QMS, in comparison
to a rectangular channel, could accomplish the complete particle retrieval
while (i) processing more than 4 times higher fluid velocities, treating
more than 360 times higher flow rates or (ii) working with smaller
particles, thus reducing by 55% the particle mass. Additionally, the
parallel performance of ≈300 micro-QMSs fulfills the processing
of flow rates as high as 200 L·h–1 while entirely
capturing the magnetic beads. Thereby, this work shows the potential
of the QMS advanced design in the intensification of the recovery
of catalysts supports of magnetic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina González-Fernández
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Eugenio Bringas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Maciej Zborowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Cleveland Clinic 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Inmaculada Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ETSIIT, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
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8
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López-Laguna H, Voltà-Durán E, Parladé E, Villaverde A, Vázquez E, Unzueta U. Insights on the emerging biotechnology of histidine-rich peptides. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107817. [PMID: 34418503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the late 70's, the discovery of the restriction enzymes made possible the biological production of functional proteins by recombinant DNA technologies, a fact that largely empowered both biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries. Short peptides or small protein domains, with specific molecular affinities, were developed as purification tags in downstream processes to separate the target protein from the culture media or cell debris, upon breaking the producing cells. Among these tags, and by exploiting the interactivity of the imidazole ring of histidine residues, the hexahistidine peptide (H6) became a gold standard. Although initially used almost exclusively in protein production, H6 and related His-rich peptides are progressively proving a broad applicability in novel utilities including enzymatic processes, advanced drug delivery systems and diagnosis, through a so far unsuspected adaptation of their binding capabilities. In this context, the coordination of histidine residues and metals confers intriguing functionalities to His-rich sequences useable in the forward-thinking design of protein-based nano- and micro-materials and devices, through strategies that are comprehensively presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hèctor López-Laguna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Eric Voltà-Durán
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Eloi Parladé
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the use of biocatalysts in flow reactors. This merging combines the high selectivity and mild operation conditions typical of biocatalysis with enhanced mass transfer and resource efficiency associated to flow chemistry. Additionally, it provides a sound environment to emulate Nature by mimicking metabolic pathways in living cells and to produce goods through the systematic organization of enzymes towards efficient cascade reactions. Moreover, by enabling the combination of enzymes from different hosts, this approach paves the way for novel pathways. The present review aims to present recent developments within the scope of flow chemistry involving multi-enzymatic cascade reactions. The types of reactors used are briefly addressed. Immobilization methodologies and strategies for the application of the immobilized biocatalysts are presented and discussed. Key aspects related to the use of whole cells in flow chemistry are presented. The combination of chemocatalysis and biocatalysis is also addressed and relevant aspects are highlighted. Challenges faced in the transition from microscale to industrial scale are presented and discussed.
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10
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Sheldon RA, Basso A, Brady D. New frontiers in enzyme immobilisation: robust biocatalysts for a circular bio-based economy. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5850-5862. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review focuses on recent advances in technologies for enzyme immobilisation, enabling their cost-effective use in the bio-based economy and continuous processing in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Sheldon
- Molecular Sciences Institute
- School of Chemistry
- University of the Witwatersrand
- Johannesburg
- South Africa
| | | | - Dean Brady
- Molecular Sciences Institute
- School of Chemistry
- University of the Witwatersrand
- Johannesburg
- South Africa
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11
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Brás EJS, Chu V, Conde JP, Fernandes P. Recent developments in microreactor technology for biocatalysis applications. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Through the use of microfluidics technology, one can severely accelerate the development and optimization of biocatalytic processes. In this work, the authors present a comprehensive review of the recent advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo J. S. Brás
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores – Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN)
- Lisbon
- Portugal
- IBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences
- Instituto Superior Técnico
| | - Virginia Chu
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores – Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN)
- Lisbon
- Portugal
| | - João Pedro Conde
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores – Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN)
- Lisbon
- Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering
- Instituto Superior Técnico
| | - Pedro Fernandes
- IBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Lisbon
- Portugal
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12
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Abstract
Biocatalysts provide a number of advantages such as high selectivity, the ability to operate under mild reaction conditions and availability from renewable resources that are of interest in the development of bioreactors for applications in the pharmaceutical and other sectors. The use of oxidoreductases in biocatalytic reactors is primarily focused on the use of NAD(P)-dependent enzymes, with the recycling of the cofactor occurring via an additional enzymatic system. The use of electrochemically based systems has been limited. This review focuses on the development of electrochemically based biocatalytic reactors. The mechanisms of mediated and direct electron transfer together with methods of immobilising enzymes are briefly reviewed. The use of electrochemically based batch and flow reactors is reviewed in detail with a focus on recent developments in the use of high surface area electrodes, enzyme engineering and enzyme cascades. A future perspective on electrochemically based bioreactors is presented.
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13
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Plž M, Petrovičová T, Rebroš M. Semi-Continuous Flow Biocatalysis with Affinity Co-Immobilized Ketoreductase and Glucose Dehydrogenase. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184278. [PMID: 32961948 PMCID: PMC7570937 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-immobilization of ketoreductase (KRED) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) on highly cross-linked agarose (sepharose) was studied. Immobilization of these two enzymes was performed via affinity interaction between His-tagged enzymes (six histidine residues on the N-terminus of the protein) and agarose matrix charged with nickel (Ni2+ ions). Immobilized enzymes were applied in a semicontinuous flow reactor to convert the model substrate; α-hydroxy ketone. A series of biotransformation reactions with a substrate conversion of >95% were performed. Immobilization reduced the requirement for cofactor (NADP+) and allowed the use of higher substrate concentration in comparison with free enzymes. The immobilized system was also tested on bulky ketones and a significant enhancement in comparison with free enzymes was achieved.
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14
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Baumer B, Classen T, Pohl M, Pietruszka J. Efficient Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate [NADP(H)] Recycling in Closed‐Loop Continuous Flow Biocatalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Baumer
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf imForschungszentrum Jülich Stetternicher Forst, Geb. 15.8 D-52426 Jülich Germany
| | - Thomas Classen
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften (IBG-1: Biotechnologie)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH D-52456 Jülich Germany
| | - Martina Pohl
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften (IBG-1: Biotechnologie)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH D-52456 Jülich Germany
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf imForschungszentrum Jülich Stetternicher Forst, Geb. 15.8 D-52426 Jülich Germany
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften (IBG-1: Biotechnologie)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH D-52456 Jülich Germany
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15
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Sheldon RA, Brady D, Bode ML. The Hitchhiker's guide to biocatalysis: recent advances in the use of enzymes in organic synthesis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2587-2605. [PMID: 32206264 PMCID: PMC7069372 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are excellent catalysts that are increasingly being used in industry and academia. This perspective is primarily aimed at synthetic organic chemists with limited experience using enzymes and provides a general and practical guide to enzymes and their synthetic potential, with particular focus on recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Sheldon
- Molecular Sciences Institute , School of Chemistry , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa .
- Department of Biotechnology , Delft University of Technology , Delft , The Netherlands
| | - Dean Brady
- Molecular Sciences Institute , School of Chemistry , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa .
| | - Moira L Bode
- Molecular Sciences Institute , School of Chemistry , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa .
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