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Hanna L, Movsesian E, Orozco M, Bernot AR, Asadinamin M, Shenje L, Ullrich S, Zhao Y, Marshall N, Weeks JA, Thomas MB, Teprovich JA, Ward PA. Spectroscopic investigation of the electronic and excited state properties of para-substituted tetraphenyl porphyrins and their electrochemically generated ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 278:121300. [PMID: 35512525 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins play pivotal roles in many crucial biological processes including photosynthesis. However, there is still a knowledge gap in understanding electronic and excited state implications associated with functionalization of the porphyrin ring system. These effects can have electrochemical and spectroscopic signatures that reveal the complex nature of these somewhat minor substitutions, beyond simple inductive or electronic effect correlations. To obtain a deeper insight into the influences of porphyrin functionalization, four free-base, meso-substituted porphyrins: tetraphenyl porphyrin (TPP), tetra(4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin (THPP), tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP), and tetra(4-nitrophenyl) porphyrin (TNPP), were synthesized, characterized, and investigated. The influence of various substituents, (-hydroxy,-carboxy, and -nitro) in the para position of the meso-substituted phenyl moieties were evaluated by spectroelectrochemical techniques (absorption and fluorescence), femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Spectral features were evaluated for the neutral porphyrins and differences observed among the various porphyrins were further explained using rendered frontier molecular orbitals pertaining to the relevant transitions. Electrochemically generated anionic and cationic porphyrin species indicate similar absorbance spectroscopic signatures attributed to a red-shift in the Soret band. Emissive behavior reveals the emergence of one new fluorescence decay pathway for the ionic porphyrin, distinct from the neutral macrocycle. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy analysis provided further analysis of the implications on the excited-state as a function of the para substituent of the free-base meso-substituted tetraphenyl porphyrins. Herein, we provide an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the electronic and excited state effects associated with systematically varying the induced dipole at the methine bridge of the free-base porphyrin macrocycle and the spectroscopic signatures related to the neutral, anionic, and cationic species of these porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hanna
- Advanced Manufacturing and Energy Science, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29803, USA
| | - Edgar Movsesian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Miguel Orozco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Anthony R Bernot
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Mona Asadinamin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Learnmore Shenje
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Susanne Ullrich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yiping Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas Marshall
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina-Aiken Aiken, SC, USA
| | - Jason A Weeks
- College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael B Thomas
- Advanced Manufacturing and Energy Science, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29803, USA
| | - Joseph A Teprovich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA 91330, USA.
| | - Patrick A Ward
- Advanced Manufacturing and Energy Science, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29803, USA.
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Al Shehimy S, Frath D, Dumont E, Chevallier F, Bucher C. Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Free‐Base Porphyrins Bearing Trifluoromethyl meso‐Substituents. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Al Shehimy
- École normale supérieure de Lyon: Ecole normale superieure de Lyon Laboratoire de Chimie 46, Allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon FRANCE
| | - Denis Frath
- ENS de Lyon: Ecole normale superieure de Lyon laboratoire de Chimie-UMR 5182 46, Allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon FRANCE
| | - Elise Dumont
- ENS de Lyon: Ecole normale superieure de Lyon Laboratoire de Chimie 46, Allée d'Italie 69343 Lyon FRANCE
| | - Floris Chevallier
- École normale supérieure de Lyon: Ecole normale superieure de Lyon Laboratoire de Chimie 46, Allée d'Italie 69343 Lyon FRANCE
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Ecole normale superieure de Lyon Laboratoire de Chimie-UMR 5182 46, Allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon FRANCE
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Sułek A, Pucelik B, Kobielusz M, Barzowska A, Dąbrowski JM. Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria with Porphyrin Derivatives: Effect of Charge, Lipophilicity, ROS Generation, and Cellular Uptake on Their Biological Activity In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228716. [PMID: 33218103 PMCID: PMC7698881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics has led to research on various therapeutic strategies with different mechanisms of action, including photodynamic inactivation (PDI). In this work, we evaluated a cationic, neutral, and anionic meso-tetraphenylporphyrin derivative’s ability to inactivate the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in a planktonic suspension under blue light irradiation. The spectroscopic, physicochemical, redox properties, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity by a set of photosensitizers varying in lipophilicity were investigated. The theoretical calculations were performed to explain the distribution of the molecular charges in the evaluated compounds. Moreover, logP partition coefficients, cellular uptake, and phototoxicity of the photosensitizers towards bacteria were determined. The role of a specific microbial efflux pump inhibitor, verapamil hydrochloride, in PDI was also studied. The results showed that E. coli exhibited higher resistance to PDI than S. aureus (3–5 logs) with low light doses (1–10 J/cm2). In turn, the prolongation of irradiation (up to 100 J/cm2) remarkably improved the inactivation of pathogens (up to 7 logs) and revealed the importance of photosensitizer photostability. The PDI potentiation occurs after the addition of KI (more than 3 logs extra killing). Verapamil increased the uptake of photosensitizers (especially in E. coli) due to efflux pump inhibition. This effect suggests that PDI is mediated by ROS, the electrostatic charge interaction, and the efflux of photosensitizers (PSs) regulated by multidrug-resistance (MDR) systems. Thus, MDR inhibition combined with PDI gives opportunities to treat more resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sułek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Barbara Pucelik
- Małopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Marcin Kobielusz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Agata Barzowska
- Małopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (B.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Janusz M. Dąbrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-686-2488; Fax: +48-12-686-2750
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Dutton KG, Rothschild DA, Pastore DB, Emge TJ, Lipke MC. The Influence of Redox-Active Linkers on the Stability and Physical Properties of a Highly Electroactive Porphyrin Nanoprism. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12616-12624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G. Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Daniel A. Rothschild
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Dakota B. Pastore
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Mark C. Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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Fang Y, Zhu J, Cui Y, Zeng L, Naitana ML, Chang Y, Desbois N, Gros CP, Kadish KM. Protonation and Electrochemical Properties of Pyridyl- and Sulfonatophenyl-Substituted Porphyrins in Nonaqueous Media. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang, Jiangsu P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; 4800 Calhoun Road Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Jialiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; 4800 Calhoun Road Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; 4800 Calhoun Road Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Lihan Zeng
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; 4800 Calhoun Road Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Mario L. Naitana
- ICMUB (UMR CNRS 6302); Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - Yi Chang
- ICMUB (UMR CNRS 6302); Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - Nicolas Desbois
- ICMUB (UMR CNRS 6302); Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - Claude P. Gros
- ICMUB (UMR CNRS 6302); Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; Dijon France
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; 4800 Calhoun Road Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
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Jiang X, Gros CP, Chang Y, Desbois N, Zeng L, Cui Y, Kadish KM. Tetracationic and Tetraanionic Manganese Porphyrins: Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Characterization. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8045-8057. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Claude P. Gros
- ICMUB (UMR
CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Yi Chang
- ICMUB (UMR
CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Desbois
- ICMUB (UMR
CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Lihan Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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Edri E, Cooper JK, Sharp ID, Guldi DM, Frei H. Ultrafast Charge Transfer between Light Absorber and Co3O4 Water Oxidation Catalyst across Molecular Wires Embedded in Silica Membrane. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5458-5466. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eran Edri
- Molecular
Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division and ‡Joint Center
for Artificial Photosynthesis, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jason K. Cooper
- Molecular
Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division and ‡Joint Center
for Artificial Photosynthesis, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ian D. Sharp
- Molecular
Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division and ‡Joint Center
for Artificial Photosynthesis, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Molecular
Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division and ‡Joint Center
for Artificial Photosynthesis, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Heinz Frei
- Molecular
Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division and ‡Joint Center
for Artificial Photosynthesis, and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Rybicka-Jasińska K, Ciszewski ŁW, Gryko D. Photocatalytic Reaction of Diazo Compounds with Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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