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Jeong Y, Kim Y, Kim YJ, Park JY. In Situ Probing of CO 2 Reduction on Cu-Phthalocyanine-Derived Cu x O Complex. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304735. [PMID: 38030415 PMCID: PMC10811478 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
An in situ measurement of a CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) in Cu-phthalocyanine (CuPC) molecules adsorbed on an Au(111) surface is performed using electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy. One intriguing phenomenon monitored in situ during CO2 RR is that a well-ordered CuPC adlayer is formed into an unsuspected nanocluster via molecular restructuring. At an electrode potential of -0.7 V versus Ag/AgCl, the Au surface is covered mainly with the clusters, showing restructuring-induced CO2 RR catalytic activity. Using a measurement of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it is revealed that the nanocluster represents a Cu complex with its formation mechanism. This work provides an in situ observation of the restructuring of the electrocatalyst to understand the surface-reactive correlations and suggests the CO2 RR catalyst works at a relatively low potential using the CuPC-derived Cu nanoclusters as active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchan Jeong
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical ReactionsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)55, Expo‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34126Republic of Korea
| | - Yongman Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical ReactionsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)55, Expo‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34126Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jae Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical ReactionsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)55, Expo‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34126Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical ReactionsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)55, Expo‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34126Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
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2
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Bovas A, Thangavelu D, Pillai KV, Radhakrishnan TP. An In Situ Fabricated Hydrogel Polymer - Palladium Nanocomposite Electrocatalyst for the HER: Critical Role of the Polymer in Realizing High Efficiency and Stability. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302593. [PMID: 37746911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Development of general and simple designs of catalytic electrodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is critical. The present work demonstrates the multiple roles played by a hydrogel polymer in the fabrication and activity enhancement of the nanoelectrocatalyst. A nanocomposite thin film of Pd with the insulating hydrogel, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), is fabricated through a facile in situ process, the polymer itself functioning as the reducing/stabilizing agent in the formation of Pd nanoparticles. Pd-PHEMA on Ni foam enables efficient HER in alkaline medium with a low overpotential; the polymer enables the electrocatalysis by its swelling and confinement of the electrolyte. Most significantly, when the electrode is subjected to an optimized cycling protocol, the overpotential decreases steadily, reaching an impressively low value of 36 mV (@10 mA cm-2 ). A low Tafel slope (68 mV dec-1 ), high exchange current density, Faradaic efficiency and TOF (3.27 mA cm-2 , 99 %, 122.7 h-1 ), and extended stability are achieved. Detailed investigations reveal the active role of the polymer in the evolution of the nanocatalyst, itself undergoing favorable morphological changes. The study illustrates the widened scope for developing efficient and stable catalytic electrodes with hydrogel polymers and unique features that promote the generation of green hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Bovas
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India) Web
| | | | | | - T P Radhakrishnan
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India) Web
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3
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Krinninger M, Bock N, Kaiser S, Reich J, Bruhm T, Haag F, Allegretti F, Heiz U, Köhler K, Lechner BAJ, Esch F. On-Surface Carbon Nitride Growth from Polymerization of 2,5,8-Triazido- s-heptazine. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:6762-6770. [PMID: 37719034 PMCID: PMC10500973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitrides have recently come into focus for photo- and thermal catalysis, both as support materials for metal nanoparticles as well as photocatalysts themselves. While many approaches for the synthesis of three-dimensional carbon nitride materials are available, only top-down approaches by exfoliation of powders lead to thin-film flakes of this inherently two-dimensional material. Here, we describe an in situ on-surface synthesis of monolayer 2D carbon nitride films as a first step toward precise combination with other 2D materials. Starting with a single monomer precursor, we show that 2,5,8-triazido-s-heptazine can be evaporated intact, deposited on a single crystalline Au(111) or graphite support, and activated via azide decomposition and subsequent coupling to form a covalent polyheptazine network. We demonstrate that the activation can occur in three pathways, via electrons (X-ray illumination), via photons (UV illumination), and thermally. Our work paves the way to coat materials with extended carbon nitride networks that are, as we show, stable under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Krinninger
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Physical
Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Functional Nanomaterials
Group, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Nicolas Bock
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Physical
Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kaiser
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Physical
Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Johanna Reich
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Functional Nanomaterials
Group, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Tobias Bruhm
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Professorship
of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University
of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Felix Haag
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair of Experimental
Physics (E20), Technical University of Munich, James-Franck Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Francesco Allegretti
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair of Experimental
Physics (E20), Technical University of Munich, James-Franck Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Ueli Heiz
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Physical
Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Klaus Köhler
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Professorship
of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University
of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Barbara A. J. Lechner
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Functional Nanomaterials
Group, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
- Institute
for Advanced Study, Technical University
of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 2a, Garching D-85748, Germany
| | - Friedrich Esch
- TUM
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Physical
Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching D-85748, Germany
- Catalysis
Research Center, Technical University of
Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, Garching D-85748, Germany
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Ma T, Ma X, Lin Z, Zhang J, Yang P, Csupász T, Tóth I, Misirlic-Dencic S, Isakovic AM, Lembo D, Donalisio M, Kortz U. Gallium(III)- and Thallium(III)-Encapsulated Polyoxopalladates: Synthesis, Structure, Multinuclear NMR, and Biological Activity Studies. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13195-13204. [PMID: 37555777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Three gallium(III)- and thallium(III)-containing polyoxopalladates (POPs) have been synthesized and structurally characterized in the solid state and in solution, namely, the phosphate-capped 12-palladate nanocubes [XPd12O8(PO4)8]13- (X = GaIII, GaPd12P8; X = TlIII, TlPd12P8) and the 23-palladate double-cube [Tl2IIIPd23P14O70(OH)2]20- (Tl2Pd23P14). The cuboid POPs, GaPd12P8 and TlPd12P8, are solution stable as verified by the respective 31P, 71Ga, and 205Tl nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Of prime interest, the spin-spin coupling schemes allowed for an intimate study of the solution behavior of the TlIII-containing POPs via a combination of 31P and 205Tl NMR, including the stoichiometry of the major fragments of Tl2Pd23P14. Moreover, biological studies demonstrated the antitumor and antiviral activity of GaPd12P8 and TlPd12P8, which were validated to be as efficient as cis-platinum against human melanoma and acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Furthermore, GaPd12P8 and TlPd12P8 exerted inhibitory activity against two herpetic viruses, HSV-2 and HCMV, in a dose-response manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ma
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Zhengguo Lin
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Jiayao Zhang
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Peng Yang
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Tibor Csupász
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Imre Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sonja Misirlic-Dencic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Medicine, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andjelka M Isakovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Medicine, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - David Lembo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antiviral Research, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Manuela Donalisio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antiviral Research, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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Nisar A, Gul E, Rahman G, Wu Y, Bokhari TH, Rahman AU, Zafar A, Rana Z, Shah A, Hussain S, Maaz K, Javaid S, Karim S, Sun H, Ahmad M, Xiang G. Amphiphilic Polyoxometalate-CNTs Nanohybrid as Highly Efficient Enzyme-free Electrocatalyst for H2O2 Sensing. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03112d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid nanomaterials are emerging as a potential platform for the efficient detection of biomolecules, thus, the rational design of such materials has been widely explored. Polyoxometalates (POM) nanoclusters can serve...
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