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Cardinal É, Augier P, Giguère É, Landry M, Lemay S, Véronneau J, Nyssen AS, Faymonville ME, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Rainville P, Rousseaux F, Ogez D. Combining Hypnosis and Virtual Reality: A Qualitative Investigation of User Experience During an Experimental Pain Study. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2024:10.1007/s10880-024-10047-z. [PMID: 39397233 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-024-10047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) and hypnosis (H) are useful pain management tools, but the potential benefit of their combination (VRH) has yet to be studied. This study examines the user experience of VRH, compared to H and VR alone, using interviews following an experimental study examining the effect of the three interventions on pain perception. Following a within-subjects repeated measures experimental design, 16 participants received the three interventions during which they received painful electrical stimuli. Following each intervention, explanatory interviews were conducted to allow participants to elaborate on their user experience. A thematic analysis was conducted on the data collected. Three themes emerged from the interviews: (1) satisfaction: participants mostly had positive feelings toward the three modalities, with the most beneficial effects on relaxation expressed for H. (2) Body perception and attention focus: immersion in the VR and VRH conditions was appreciated. Participants described their perceptions of pain perception during the 3 conditions. (3) Device acceptability: H was the most liked, followed by VRH, and then VR alone. Intention of use was reported following the same order. The data collected highlighted participants' opinions of these different interventions and suggested adjustments for future development of the VRH intervention in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éloïse Cardinal
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Medical Hypnosis Laboratory, Research Center of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415, Boulevard de L'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Pierre Augier
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Medical Hypnosis Laboratory, Research Center of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415, Boulevard de L'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Émilie Giguère
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mathieu Landry
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- CocoLab, Faculty of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lemay
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jade Véronneau
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Medical Hypnosis Laboratory, Research Center of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415, Boulevard de L'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Nyssen
- Laboratory of Cognitive Ergonomics and Work Intervention, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Sensation and Perception Research Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marie-Elisabeth Faymonville
- Sensation and Perception Research Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Algology Interdisciplinary Center, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse
- Sensation and Perception Research Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Algology Interdisciplinary Center, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Pierre Rainville
- Medical Hypnosis Laboratory, Research Center of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415, Boulevard de L'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Stomatology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Floriane Rousseaux
- Medical Hypnosis Laboratory, Research Center of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415, Boulevard de L'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie, Montreal, Canada
- Laboratory of Cognitive Ergonomics and Work Intervention, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Sensation and Perception Research Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - David Ogez
- Medical Hypnosis Laboratory, Research Center of Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, 5415, Boulevard de L'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
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Pretat T, Koller C, Hügle T. Virtual reality as a treatment for chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes. Joint Bone Spine 2024; 92:105769. [PMID: 39117101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2024.105769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes, including fibromyalgia, are often resistant to conventional medications and invasive therapies. Central hypersensitization, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and autonomic nervous system abnormalities are key pathomechanisms, frequently resulting in widespread pain and a variety of psychosomatic symptoms. Virtual Reality (VR) applications have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing pain, both during and after interventions, and in chronic conditions such as fibromyalgia and back pain. The proposed mechanisms behind VR's effectiveness include distraction and immersion, coupled with cognitive behavioral therapy, which promote neuroplasticity and alter pain perceptions. Functional MRI studies have shown the impact of VR interventions on specific brain regions. Advances in hardware and software, potentially combined with treatments like biofeedback, could enhance VR's role in managing chronic pain. Currently, VR for musculoskeletal pain syndromes is primarily used within multimodal programs, but it is also available for home use as a standalone health application. Future research should focus on the 'drug-like' effects of VR, requiring controlled trials with comparable study populations and appropriate sham interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Pretat
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cinja Koller
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hügle
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Brouwer D, Morrin H, Nicholson TR, Terhune DB, Schrijnemaekers M, Edwards MJ, Gelauff J, Shotbolt P. Virtual reality in functional neurological disorder: a theoretical framework and research agenda for use in the real world. BMJ Neurol Open 2024; 6:e000622. [PMID: 38979395 PMCID: PMC11227774 DOI: 10.1136/bmjno-2023-000622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common and disabling condition at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry. Despite remarkable progress over recent decades, the mechanisms of FND are still poorly understood and there are limited diagnostic tools and effective treatments. One potentially promising treatment modality for FND is virtual reality (VR), which has been increasingly applied to a broad range of conditions, including neuropsychiatric disorders. FND has unique features, many of which suggest the particular relevance for, and potential efficacy of, VR in both better understanding and managing the disorder. In this review, we describe how VR might be leveraged in the treatment and diagnosis of FND (with a primary focus on motor FND and persistent perceptual-postural dizziness given their prominence in the literature), as well as the elucidation of neurocognitive mechanisms and symptom phenomenology. First, we review what has been published to date on the applications of VR in FND and related neuropsychiatric disorders. We then discuss the hypothesised mechanism(s) underlying FND, focusing on the features that are most relevant to VR applications. Finally, we discuss the potential of VR in (1) advancing mechanistic understanding, focusing specifically on sense of agency, attention and suggestibility, (2) overcoming diagnostic challenges and (3) developing novel treatment modalities. This review aims to develop a theoretical foundation and research agenda for the use of VR in FND that might be applicable or adaptable to other related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Brouwer
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hamilton Morrin
- Neuropsychiatry Research and Education Group, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Timothy R Nicholson
- Neuropsychiatry Research and Education Group, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Devin B Terhune
- Neuropsychiatry Research and Education Group, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | | | - Mark J Edwards
- Neuropsychiatry Research and Education Group, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jeannette Gelauff
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Shotbolt
- Neuropsychiatry Research and Education Group, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
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Terzulli C, Chauvin C, Champagnol Di-Liberti C, Faisan S, Goffin L, Gianesini C, Graff D, Dufour A, Laroche E, Salvat E, Poisbeau P. Virtual reality hypnosis diminishes experimental cold pain and alters autonomic responses. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1237090. [PMID: 38028428 PMCID: PMC10651739 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1237090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immersive virtual reality (VR) is a promising tool to reduce pain in clinical setting. Digital scripts displayed by VR disposals can be enriched by several analgesic interventions, which are widely used to reduce pain. One of these techniques is hypnosis induced through the VR script (VRH) which is facilitated by immersive environment and particularly efficient even for low hypnotizable patients. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a VRH script on experimentally induced cold pain perception (intensity and unpleasantness) and physiological expression. 41 healthy volunteers had been recruited in this within-subjects study. They received 9 stimulations of 20 s (3 non-nociceptive cold; 3 low nociceptive cold and 3 highly nociceptive cold) during a VRH session of 20 min (VRH condition) or without VRH (noVRH condition). Physiological monitoring during the cold pain stimulation protocol consisted of recording heart rate, heart rate variability and respiratory frequency. Maximum cold pain intensity perception, measured through the visual analog scale (VAS) on 10, was of 3.66 ± 1.84 (VAS score/10) in noVRH condition and 2.46 ± 1.54 in VRH (Wilcoxon, p < 0.0001). Considering pain unpleasantness perception, 3.68 ± 2.06 in noVRH and 2.21 ± 1.63 in VRH (Wilcoxon, p < 0.0001). Hypnotizability negatively correlated with the decrease in VAS intensity from noVRH to VRH (Spearman r = -0.45; p = 0.0038). In our sample, we found that 31/41 volunteers (75.6%) displayed a reduction of more than 10% of their VAS pain intensity and unpleasantness scores. Trait anxiety was the best predictor of the VRH responders, as well as heart rate variability. In addition, respiratory rate was diminished under VRH in every subgroup. VRH is an effective tool to reduced pain intensity and unpleasantness in a vast majority of healthy subjects. We further indicate in this study that heart rate variability parameter RMSSD (root mean square of successive differences) is a good predictor of this effect, as well as anxiety as a personality trait (but not state anxiety). Further studies are expected to determine more precisely to whom it will be the most useful to offer tailored, non-pharmacological pain management solutions to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Terzulli
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
- HypnoVR, Strasbourg, France
| | - Chloé Chauvin
- HypnoVR, Strasbourg, France
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Sylvain Faisan
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Goffin
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Denis Graff
- HypnoVR, Strasbourg, France
- Anesthesiology Department, Clinique Rhéna, Strasbourg, France
| | - André Dufour
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Edouard Laroche
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Salvat
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierrick Poisbeau
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
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Inthasot V, Taton O, Bondue B, Van Muylem A, Leduc D. [The effects of hypnosis by virtual reality on tolerance to flexible bronchoscopy]. Rev Mal Respir 2023; 40:555-563. [PMID: 37635020 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients often perceive flexible bronchoscopy as an unpleasant procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of virtual reality (VR) hypnosis on tolerance to flexible bronchoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled, monocentric study comparing flexible bronchoscopy with VR-induced hypnosis to the usual procedure. Patient tolerance was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS), the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) before and after the procedure and, finally, willingness to repeat the examination under the same conditions (WTR). RESULTS Among the 70 patients included, 34 were randomized to the VR hypnosis group and 36 to the control group. There was no difference between the 2 groups in terms of modification of the pre-/post-bronchoscopy VAS for anxiety, pain, cough, choking, nausea and overall discomfort, or modification of the STAI score and WTR. Subgroup analysis among patients who were more anxious before the procedure revealed a trend toward reduced anxiety in the VR hypnosis group. CONCLUSION This study did not observe any effect of VR hypnosis on the tolerance of patients during routine flexible bronchoscopy. However, VR hypnosis may be beneficial in patients with higher anxiety score before bronchoscopy, a hypothesis that needs to be confirmed by further studies with a larger number of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Inthasot
- Service de pneumologie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique; Service de pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique.
| | - O Taton
- Service de pneumologie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - B Bondue
- Service de pneumologie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - A Van Muylem
- Service de pneumologie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - D Leduc
- Service de pneumologie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique
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Gullo G, Rotzinger DC, Colin A, Frossard P, Gudmundsson L, Jouannic AM, Qanadli SD. Virtually Augmented Self-Hypnosis in Peripheral Vascular Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2023:10.1007/s00270-023-03394-1. [PMID: 36944851 PMCID: PMC10030078 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-023-03394-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypnosis is useful for diminishing distress during medical procedures. This study investigated the efficacy of virtually augmented self-hypnosis as an adjunctive non-pharmacological method for procedural pain and anxiety relief during endovascular interventions (EVI). METHODS We compared an immersive distraction experience (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT04561596) featuring virtual reality (VR) using a head-mounted display versus treatment as usual (TAU). Patients followed the "Aqua" module (Oncomfort™) consisting of a scuba dive and breathing exercises. They experienced a self-induced dissociative state similar to clinical hypnosis without direct intervention of a professional. Enrollment followed a 1:1 randomized open study (VR or TAU). Patients' feelings were evaluated just before and after the procedure, and 3 months following intervention. Anxiety was evaluated using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and pain (sensory, emotional, and memory) with a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS This study included 100 patients. Mean anxiety (pre-post) was significantly reduced within groups and between groups (difference of 4.2 points, p = 0.016). The percentage of responders to anxiety lowering were 76 and 46% for VR and TAU, respectively (p = 0.004). The two groups did not significantly differ in mean sensory-intensity and affective emotional pain (pre-post) using VAS, in negative memories concerning remembered pain at 3 months (difference > 1 from immediate post-procedural reported pain intensity), mean procedural time, or the need for analgesic or sedative drugs. CONCLUSIONS VR self-hypnosis has the potential to improve the management of patients' distress during radiological procedures. It is safe and effective for reducing anxiety during EVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gullo
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - David Christian Rotzinger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anaïs Colin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Frossard
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Louis Gudmundsson
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Jouannic
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Salah Dine Qanadli
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Unit, University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH - 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Lopes K, Dessieux T, Rousseau C, Beloeil H. Virtual Reality as a Hypnotic Tool in the Management of Anxiety During the Performance of the Axillary Block. J Med Syst 2023; 47:31. [PMID: 36856907 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-023-01923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Regional anaesthesia is a gold standard in upper limb orthopaedic surgery. Carried out on an awake patient, it can be a source of anxiety. In recent years, hypnotic techniques have been proposed in the management of perioperative anxiety. Among them, virtual reality is increasingly used as a distraction tool during anxious or painful actions despite the scarcity of proof of its benefit in the literature. Before implementing the systematic use of virtual reality when performing regional anaesthesia in our institution, we designed a study hypothesizing that the use of a virtual reality headset when performing an axillary block would reduce patient's anxiety. The study is an investigator-initiated, prospective monocentric and observational trial comparing anxiety scores of patients who underwent upper limb surgery under an axillary block with or without virtual reality headset. The perioperative anxiety was assessed by a numerical range scale before and after the peripheral nerve block performance. Between June 2021 and June 2022, 99 patients were included: 53 wearing the virtual reality headset and 46 not. The difference in numerical range scale for anxiety before and after the axillary block performance did not differ in the virtual reality group compared to the group without headset (mean = -1.9 ± 2.5 vs -1.5 ± 2.0, (p = 0.2520)). Technical difficulties reported by the operators were similar in both groups. Despite the large number of patients included, the virtual reality headset did not reduce patient's anxiety during a peripheral nerve block. Perioperative anxiety was low in all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Lopes
- CHU Rennes, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Univ Rennes, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Thierry Dessieux
- CHU Rennes, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Univ Rennes, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Chloe Rousseau
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC-1414, Biostatistics, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Helene Beloeil
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC-1414, COSS-1242, Rennes, F-35000, France.
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Czech O, Wrzeciono A, Batalík L, Szczepańska-Gieracha J, Malicka I, Rutkowski S. Virtual reality intervention as a support method during wound care and rehabilitation after burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2022; 68:102837. [PMID: 35490982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze and synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) interventions in the prevention of pain, fear and anxiety during burn wound care procedures. METHODS In September and October 2021, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched for relevant randomized controlled and crossover studies. Two independent authors described the following inclusion criteria for the search: patients undergoing burn wound care with applied VR treatment compared to any other or non-VR intervention. From a total of 1171 records, 25 met the inclusion criteria. After full-text screening, seven publications were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed for 18 studies by two independent authors. RevMan 5.4 was used for the statistical analysis, meta-analysis and visual presentation of the results. RESULTS The meta-analysis showed a significant difference between VR treatment and standard care when analyzing pain outcome during wound care procedures (SMD = -0.49; 95% CI [-0.78, -0.15]; I2 = 41%) and in subgroup analysis when immersive VR was incorporated (SMD = -0.71; 95% CI [-1.07, -0.36]; I2 = 0%). No significant differences were found between VR treatment and standard care for range of motion outcome (SMD = 0.44; 95% CI [-0.23, 1.11]; I2 = 50%). CONCLUSIONS VR seems to be an effective therapeutic support in burn wound care procedures for reducing pain. However, this systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the need for more research into the use of VR as a distraction method. Studies on larger groups using similar conditions can provide unequivocal evidence of the effectiveness of VR and enable the inclusion of such intervention in standard medical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Czech
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Wrzeciono
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ladislav Batalík
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Iwona Malicka
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Rutkowski
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.
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Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Clinical Practice, Teaching, and Research in Complementary and Alternative Medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1373170. [PMID: 35990836 PMCID: PMC9388243 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1373170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The application of virtual reality (VR) in clinical settings is growing rapidly, with encouraging results. As VR has been introduced into complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), a systematic review must be undertaken to understand its current status. Aim This review aims to evaluate and summarize the current applications of VR in CAM, as well as to explore potential directions for future research and development. Methods After a brief description of VR technology, we discuss the past 20 years of clinical VR applications in the medical field. Then, we discuss the theoretical basis of the combination of VR technology and CAM, the research thus far, and practical factors regarding usability, etc., from the following three main aspects: clinical application, teaching, and scientific research. Finally, we summarize and propose hypotheses on the application of VR in CAM and its limitations. Results Our review of the theoretical underpinnings and research findings to date leads to the prediction that VR and CAM will have a significant impact on future research and practice. Conclusion Although there is still much research needed to advance the science in this area, we strongly believe that VR applications will become indispensable tools in the toolbox of CAM researchers and practitioners and will only grow in relevance and popularity in the era of digital health.
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Terzulli C, Melchior M, Goffin L, Faisan S, Gianesini C, Graff D, Dufour A, Laroche E, Chauvin C, Poisbeau P. Effect of Virtual Reality Hypnosis on Pain Threshold and Neurophysiological and Autonomic Biomarkers in Healthy Volunteers: Prospective Randomized Crossover Study. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e33255. [PMID: 35904872 PMCID: PMC9377475 DOI: 10.2196/33255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Virtual reality hypnosis (VRH) is a promising tool to reduce pain. However, the benefits of VRH on pain perception and on the physiological expression of pain require further investigation. Objective In this study, we characterized the effects of VRH on the heat pain threshold among adult healthy volunteers while monitoring several physiological and autonomic functions. Methods Sixty healthy volunteers were prospectively included to receive nociceptive stimulations. The first set of thermal stimuli consisted of 20 stimulations at 60°C (duration 500 milliseconds) to trigger contact heat evoked potentials (CHEPs). The second set of thermal stimuli consisted of ramps (1°C/second) to determine the heat pain threshold of the participants. Electrocardiogram, skin conductance responses, respiration rate, as well as the analgesia nociception index were also recorded throughout the experiment. Results Data from 58 participants were analyzed. There was a small but significant increase in pain threshold in VRH (50.19°C, SD 1.98°C) compared to that in the control condition (mean 49.45°C, SD 1.87; P<.001, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test; Cohen d=0.38). No significant effect of VRH on CHEPs and heart rate variability parameters was observed (all P>0.5; n=22 and n=52, respectively). During VRH, participants exhibited a clear reduction in their autonomic sympathetic tone, as shown by the lower number of nonspecific skin conductance peak responses (P<.001, two-way analysis of variance; n=39) and by an increase in the analgesia nociception index (P<.001, paired t-test; n=40). Conclusions The results obtained in this study support the idea that VRH administration is effective at increasing heat pain thresholds and impacts autonomic functions among healthy volunteers. As a nonpharmacological intervention, VRH has beneficial action on acute experimental heat pain. This beneficial action will need to be evaluated for the treatment of other types of pain, including chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Terzulli
- HypnoVR, Strasbourg, France.,Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Meggane Melchior
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Goffin
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvain Faisan
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Denis Graff
- HypnoVR, Strasbourg, France.,Anesthesiology, Clinique Rhéna, Strasbourg, France
| | - André Dufour
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Edouard Laroche
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Chloé Chauvin
- HypnoVR, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierrick Poisbeau
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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11
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Baussard L, Cousson-Gélie F, Jarlier M, Charbonnier E, Le Vigouroux S, Montalescot L, Janiszewski C, Fourchon M, Coutant L, Guerdoux E, Portales F. Hypnosis and cognitive behavioral therapy with online sessions to reduce fatigue in patients undergoing chemotherapy for a metastatic colorectal cancer: Rational and study protocol for a feasibility study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:953711. [PMID: 35967617 PMCID: PMC9363840 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.953711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In metastatic colorectal cancer (CRCm), fatigue is pervasive, reduces quality of life, and is negatively associated with survival. Its course is explained in part by psychosocial variables such as emotional distress, coping strategies, or perceived control. Thus, to reduce fatigue, psychosocial interventions appear to be relevant. In some cancers, Cognitive Behavioral Therapies (CBT) reduce fatigue. Hypnosis is also used as a complementary therapy to reduce the side effects of cancer. While CBT requires specific training often reserved for psychologists, hypnosis has the advantage of being increasingly practiced by caregivers and is therefore less expensive (Montgomery et al., 2007). On the other hand, CBT and hypnosis remain understudied in the CRC, do not focus on the symptom of fatigue and in Europe such programs have never been evaluated. Objectives Implementing an intervention in a healthcare setting is complex (e.g., economic and practical aspects) and recruiting participants can be challenging. The primary objective will therefore be to study the feasibility of two standardized interventions (hypnosis and CBT) that aim to reduce fatigue in patients with CRCm treated in a French cancer center. Methods and design A prospective, single-center, randomized interventional feasibility study, using mixed methods (both quantitative and qualitative). A total of 60 patients will be allocated to each intervention group [Hypnosis (n = 30) and CBT (n = 30)]. Participants will be randomized into two parallel groups (ratio 1:1). Both programs will consist of 6 weekly sessions focusing on the CRF management over a period of 6 weeks. Trained therapists will conduct the program combining 3 face-to-face sessions and 3 online sessions. The feasibility and experience of interventions will be evaluated by the outcome variables, including the adhesion rate, the reasons for acceptability, relevance or non-adherence, the satisfaction, the fatigue evolution (with ecological momentary assessments), and the quality of life. All questionnaires will be self-assessment using an online application from the cancer center. Discussion Results will highlight the barriers/facilitators to the implementation of the program and the relevance of the program to the patients, and will be used to generate hypotheses for a randomized control trial. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04999306; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04999306.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Baussard
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021 Nîmes Cedex 1, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
- *Correspondence: Louise Baussard
| | - Florence Cousson-Gélie
- Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Laboratoire Epsylon EA4556, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier – Université de Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Elodie Charbonnier
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021 Nîmes Cedex 1, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Sarah Le Vigouroux
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021 Nîmes Cedex 1, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Lucile Montalescot
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021 Nîmes Cedex 1, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Chloé Janiszewski
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier – Université de Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Michele Fourchon
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021 Nîmes Cedex 1, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Louise Coutant
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier – Université de Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Estelle Guerdoux
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier – Université de Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
- Institut Desbrest d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Fabienne Portales
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier – Université de Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
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12
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Szczepańska-Gieracha J, Cieślik B, Serweta A, Klajs K. Virtual Therapeutic Garden: A Promising Method Supporting the Treatment of Depressive Symptoms in Late-Life: A Randomized Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091942. [PMID: 34062721 PMCID: PMC8125254 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifactorial genesis of old-age depression requires multi-professional therapy combining physical activity and psychosocial interventions; however, there is still a percentage of older people who do not exhibit satisfactory improvements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual therapy in the elderly for whom the previous multimodal, biopsychosocial therapeutic programme had not brought the expected results. Twenty-five elderly women with depressive symptoms were randomly divided into a virtual reality group (VR, n = 13) and a control group (Control, n = 12). The average age was 70.73 and the average intensity of depression symptoms amounted to 12.26 in the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). As a virtual reality source, the VRTierOne (Stolgraf®) device was used. The therapeutic cycle consisted of eight virtual therapy sessions, twice a week for four weeks. As primary and secondary outcome measures, the GDS-30 was performed at three time points. In the VR group, the GDS-30 score was reduced by 36%, and the result persisted in the follow-up tests. Immersive virtual therapy significantly lowered the intensity of depressive symptoms, as well as stress and anxiety levels in older women taking part in the group-based multimodal therapeutic programme, whose earlier therapy had not brought the expected results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Błażej Cieślik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Serweta
- Department of Physical Education, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland;
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13
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Halsband U, Wolf TG. Current neuroscientific research database findings of brain activity changes after hypnosis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 2021; 63:372-388. [PMID: 33999768 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2020.1863185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Using multi-modal brain imaging techniques we found pronounced changes in neuronal activity after hypnotic trance induction whereby state changes seem to occur synchronously with the specific induction instructions. In clinical patients, hypnosis proved to be a powerful method in inhibiting the reaction of the fear circuitry structures. The aim of the present paper is to critically discuss the limitations of the current neuroscientific research database in the light of a debate in defining relevant hypnotic constructs and to suggest ideas for future research projects. We discuss the role of hypnotic suggestibility (HS), the impact of hypnotic inductions and the importance of the depth of hypnotic trance. We argue that future research on brain imaging studies on the effects of hypnosis and hypnotherapy should focus on the analysis of individual cross-network activation patterns. A most promising approach is to simultaneously include physiological parameters linked to cognitive, somatic, and behavioral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Gerhard Wolf
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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14
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Mullur RS, Kaur Cheema SP, Alano RE, Chang LE. Tele-Integrative Medicine to Support Rehabilitative Care. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2021; 32:393-403. [PMID: 33814064 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Complementary and integrative health (CIH) modalities have therapeutic value in the multidisciplinary rehabilitation of chronic pain patients. Evidence of such has been seen with the Whole Health Model at the (Veterans Affairs) VA Healthcare system. CIH therapies, including yoga, tai chi, mindfulness meditation, hypnosis, self-massage, and acupressure, are significantly effective for managing chronic pain with little to no negative effects, and can be easily incorporated into telemedicine care with great potential benefit. The future of wellness in telemedicine is evolving with great potential, and needs further attention to addressing barriers of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi S Mullur
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 11301 Wilshire Boulevard, Mail Code 111-D, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
| | - Seetal Preet Kaur Cheema
- Department of Anesthesia (212), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Ryan Edward Alano
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (1415), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 1301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Lynn Elizabeth Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (1415), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 1301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
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15
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Rousseaux F, Bicego A, Ledoux D, Massion P, Nyssen AS, Faymonville ME, Laureys S, Vanhaudenhuyse A. Hypnosis Associated with 3D Immersive Virtual Reality Technology in the Management of Pain: A Review of the Literature. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1129-1138. [PMID: 32547176 PMCID: PMC7247604 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s231737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypnosis is well documented in the literature in the management of acute and chronic pain. Virtual reality (VR) is currently gaining credibility in the same fields as hypnosis for medical applications. Lately, the combination of hypnosis and VR was considered. The aim of this scoping review is to understand the current studied contexts and effects of virtual reality hypnosis (VRH) for the management of pain. We searched on PubMed, Taylor & Francis Online, and ProQuest databases with the following terms: “virtual reality,” “3D,” “hypnosis,” and “pain”. We included 8 studies that combined hypnosis and VR. All articles are in English. Two included healthy volunteers and six are clinical studies. Short-term results indicated significant decreases in pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, time spent thinking about pain, anxiety, and levels of opioids. However, results are not consistent for all patients all the days. VR alone seems to reduce pain independently of the hypnotizability level. One study claimed that VR and hypnosis could alter each other’s effects and another argued that VR did not inhibit the hypnotic process and may even facilitate it by employing visual imagery. We cannot affirm that VR added value to hypnosis when they are combined. These trials and case series gave us indications about the possible applications of VRH in different contexts. Additional randomized clinical trials on VRH in the future will have to test this technique in clinical practice and help define guidelines for VRH utilization in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Rousseaux
- Laboratory of Cognitive Ergonomics and Work Intervention, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Algology Department, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Sensation & Perception Research Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Aminata Bicego
- Laboratory of Cognitive Ergonomics and Work Intervention, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Algology Department, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Sensation & Perception Research Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Ledoux
- Sensation & Perception Research Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Intensive Care Units, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Paul Massion
- Intensive Care Units, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Sophie Nyssen
- Laboratory of Cognitive Ergonomics and Work Intervention, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Sensation & Perception Research Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse
- Algology Department, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Sensation & Perception Research Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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16
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Integrative Medicine in Interventional Oncology: A Virtuous Alliance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56010035. [PMID: 31963617 PMCID: PMC7022725 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review aimed to identify the potential role of integrative medicine in interventional oncology. The music therapy; stress management techniques; guided imagery, including virtual reality; clinical hypnosis; and digital sedation may all be efficient on anxiety and pain during procedures performed in interventional oncology. Beyond pharmacological sedation, the implementation of integrative medicine to interventional oncology may, therefore, improve the support and care of cancer patients, which may further create a virtuous alliance.
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17
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Cornelis FH, Monard E, Moulin MA, Vignaud E, Laveissiere F, Ben Ammar M, Nouri-Neuville M, Barral M, Lombart B. Sedation and analgesia in interventional radiology: Where do we stand, where are we heading and why does it matter? Diagn Interv Imaging 2019; 100:753-762. [PMID: 31706790 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this review were to describe the rationale and the techniques of sedation in interventional radiology, and to compile the safety and efficacy results available so far in the literature. A systematic MEDLINE/PubMed literature search was performed. Preliminary results from several studies demonstrated the feasibility, the efficacy and the safety of using sedative techniques in interventional radiology. Beyond pharmacological sedation and clinical hypnosis, digital sedation could reduce the anxiety and pain associated with interventional radiology procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Cornelis
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France.
| | - E Monard
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M-A Moulin
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - E Vignaud
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - F Laveissiere
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M Ben Ammar
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M Nouri-Neuville
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M Barral
- Department of Radiology, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - B Lombart
- Saint Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, 75011 Paris, France
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18
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Auto-hypnosis before and during vascular access placement for better patient comfort. J Vasc Access 2017; 18:e50-e51. [DOI: 10.5301/jva.5000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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19
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Scientometric analysis of psychological interventions based upon the use of Hypnosis. REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE PSICOLOGÍA 2017. [DOI: 10.33881/2027-1786.rip.9108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypnosis is a therapeutic technique that has developed for centuries, and every time with greater clinical and scientific weight. Currently, hypnosis constitutes a solid support method for treatments against chronic pain and for emotion control under situations that generate fear and anxiety -such as surgery or other type of phobias-, so it is presented as an alternative to the use of medicine/drugs by health specialists. On the other hand within the field of behavioral sciences, apart from controlling fear and anxiety responses, hypnosis serves as support to the various cognitive behavioral techniques by facilitating their assimilation and development. This work presents a scientometric study of the research done on hypnosis over the last fifteen years, from publications -in Spanish and English- in specialized journals, indexed in SCOPUS (a specialized international bibliometric database). The contemporary applications of hypnosis are presented and critically discussed; as well as the fields in which its application has proven successful; its limitations; the research networks generated within the time of the study; plus, probable projections for future research are also mentioned.
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20
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Entwistle PA, Webb RJ, Abayomi JC, Johnson B, Sparkes AC, Davies IG. Unconscious agendas in the etiology of refractory obesity and the role of hypnosis in their identification and resolution: a new paradigm for weight-management programs or a paradigm revisited? Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2014; 62:330-59. [PMID: 24837063 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2014.901085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypnosis has long been recognized as an effective tool for producing behavioral change in the eating disorders anorexia and bulimia. Despite many studies from the latter half of the last century suggesting that hypnosis might also be of value in managing obesity situations, the efficacy of hypnotherapy for weight reduction has received surprisingly little formal research attention since 2000. This review presents a brief history of early clinical studies using hypnosis for weight reduction and describes a hypnotherapeutic approach within which a combination of instructional/pedagogic and exploratory therapeutic sessions can work together synergistically to maximize the potential for sustained weight loss. Hypnotic modulation of appetite- and satiation-associated peptides and hormone levels may yield additional physiological benefits in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
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21
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Enck P, Hefner J, Herbert BM, Mazurak N, Weimer K, Muth ER, Zipfel S, Martens U. Sensitivity and specificity of hypnosis effects on gastric myoelectrical activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83486. [PMID: 24358287 PMCID: PMC3865216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effects of hypnosis on physiological (gastrointestinal) functions are incompletely understood, and it is unknown whether they are hypnosis-specific and gut-specific, or simply unspecific effects of relaxation. DESIGN Sixty-two healthy female volunteers were randomly assigned to either a single session of hypnotic suggestion of ingesting an appetizing meal and an unappetizing meal, or to relax and concentrate on having an appetizing or unappetizing meal, while the electrogastrogram (EGG) was recorded. At the end of the session, participants drank water until they felt full, in order to detect EGG-signal changes after ingestion of a true gastric load. During both conditions participants reported their subjective well-being, hunger and disgust at several time points. RESULTS Imagining eating food induced subjective feelings of hunger and disgust as well as changes in the EGG similar to, but more pronounced than those seen with a real gastric water load during both hypnosis and relaxation conditions. These effects were more pronounced when imagining an appetizing meal than with an unappetizing meal. There was no significant difference between the hypnosis and relaxation conditions. CONCLUSION Imagination with and without hypnosis exhibits similar changes in subjective and objective measures in response to imagining an appetizing and an unappetizing food, indicating high sensitivity but low specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Enck
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jochen Hefner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Beate M. Herbert
- Department of Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nazar Mazurak
- Central Research Department, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Katja Weimer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eric R. Muth
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ute Martens
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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22
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Tefikow S, Barth J, Maichrowitz S, Beelmann A, Strauss B, Rosendahl J. Efficacy of hypnosis in adults undergoing surgery or medical procedures: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Psychol Rev 2013; 33:623-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Pain is a symptom associated with prolonged recovery from illness and procedures, decreased quality of life, and increased health-care costs. While there have been advances in the management of cancer pain, there is a need for therapeutic strategies that complement pharmaceutical management without significantly contributing to the side-effect profile of these agents. Hypnosis provides a safe and efficacious supplement to pharmaceutical management of cancer pain. One barrier to the regular use of hypnosis is health-care providers' lack of current knowledge of the efficacy and safety of hypnosis. Advanced practitioners who are well-informed about hypnosis have an opportunity to increase the treatment options for patients who are suffering with cancer pain by suggesting to the health-care team that hypnosis be incorporated into the plan of care. Integration of hypnosis into the standard of care will benefit patients, caregivers, and survivors by reducing pain and the suffering associated with it.
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Abstract
Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Hypnosis has been used to provide psychological and physical comfort to individuals diagnosed with cancer for nearly 200 years. The goals of this review are: 1) to describe hypnosis and its components and to dispel misconceptions; 2) to provide an overview of hypnosis as a cancer prevention and control technique (covering its use in weight management, smoking cessation, as an adjunct to diagnostic and treatment procedures, survivorship, and metastatic disease); and 3) to discuss future research directions. Overall, the literature supports the benefits of hypnosis for improving quality of life during the course of cancer and its treatment. However, a great deal more work needs to be done to explore the use of hypnosis in survivorship, to understand the mediators and moderators of hypnosis interventions, and to develop effective dissemination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy H Montgomery
- Integrative Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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25
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Keefe FJ, Huling DA, Coggins MJ, Keefe DF, Rosenthal ZM, Herr NR, Hoffman HG. Virtual reality for persistent pain: a new direction for behavioral pain management. Pain 2012; 153:2163-2166. [PMID: 22770840 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2012.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis J Keefe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke Pain Prevention and Treatment Research Program, Duke University, Suite 340, 2200 W Main St., Durham, NC 27705, USA Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke Pain Prevention and Treatment Research Program, Duke University, Suite 340, 2200 W Main St., Durham, NC 27705, USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, 4-192 Keller Hall, 200 Union St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352142, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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26
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Thompson T, Steffert T, Steed A, Gruzelier J. A randomized controlled trial of the effects of hypnosis with 3-D virtual reality animation on tiredness, mood, and salivary cortisol. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2011; 59:122-42. [PMID: 21104488 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2011.522917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Case studies suggest hypnosis with a virtual reality (VR) component may be an effective intervention; although few follow-up randomized, controlled trials have been performed comparing such interventions with standard hypnotic treatments. Thirty-five healthy participants were randomized to self-hypnosis with VR imagery, standard self-hypnosis, or relaxation interventions. Changes in sleep, cortisol levels, and mood were examined. Self-hypnosis involved 10- to 20-min. sessions visualizing a healthy immune scenario. Trait absorption was also recorded as a possible moderator. Moderated regression indicated that both hypnosis interventions produced significantly lower tiredness ratings than relaxation when trait absorption was high. When trait absorption was low, VR resulted in significantly higher engagement ratings, although this did not translate to demonstrable improvement in outcome. Results suggest that VR imagery may increase engagement relative to traditional methods, but further investigation into its potential to enhance therapeutic efficacy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Thompson
- Department of Psychology & Counselling, University of Greenwich, London, UK.
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