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Shakeri A, Khan S, Jarad NA, Didar TF. The Fabrication and Bonding of Thermoplastic Microfluidics: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15186478. [PMID: 36143790 PMCID: PMC9503322 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Various fields within biomedical engineering have been afforded rapid scientific advancement through the incorporation of microfluidics. As literature surrounding biological systems become more comprehensive and many microfluidic platforms show potential for commercialization, the development of representative fluidic systems has become more intricate. This has brought increased scrutiny of the material properties of microfluidic substrates. Thermoplastics have been highlighted as a promising material, given their material adaptability and commercial compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive discussion surrounding recent developments pertaining to thermoplastic microfluidic device fabrication. Existing and emerging approaches related to both microchannel fabrication and device assembly are highlighted, with consideration toward how specific approaches induce physical and/or chemical properties that are optimally suited for relevant real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amid Shakeri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Shadman Khan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Noor Abu Jarad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Tohid F. Didar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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2
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Shakeri A, Jarad NA, Khan S, F Didar T. Bio-functionalization of microfluidic platforms made of thermoplastic materials: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1209:339283. [PMID: 35569863 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As a result of their favorable physical and chemical characteristics, thermoplastics have garnered significant interest in the area of microfluidics. The moldable nature of these inexpensive polymers enables easy fabrication, while their durability and chemical stability allow for resistance to high shear stress conditions and functionalization, respectively. This review provides a comprehensive examination several commonly used thermoplastic polymers in the microfluidics space including poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), cyclic olefin polymer (COP) and copolymer (COC), polycarbonates (PC), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polystyrene (PS), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polyester. We describe various biofunctionalization strategies applied within thermoplastic microfluidic platforms and their resultant applications. Lastly, emerging technologies with a focus on applying recently developed microfluidic and biofunctionalization strategies into thermoplastic systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amid Shakeri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Noor Abu Jarad
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Shadman Khan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Tohid F Didar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Liu T, Yin Y, Yang Y, Russell TP, Shi S. Layer-by-Layer Engineered All-Liquid Microfluidic Chips for Enzyme Immobilization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105386. [PMID: 34796557 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization in the confines of microfluidic chips, that promote enzyme activity and stability, has become a powerful strategy to enhance biocatalysis and biomass conversion. Here, based on a newly developed all-liquid microfluidic chip, fabricated by the interfacial assembly of nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) in a biphasic system, a layer-by-layer assembly strategy to generate polysaccharide multilayers on the surface of a microchannel, greatly enhancing the mechanical properties of the microchannel and offering a biocompatible microenvironment for enzyme immobilization, is presented. Using horseradish peroxidase and glucose oxidase as model enzymes, all-liquid microfluidic enzymatic and cascade reactors have been constructed and the crucial role of polysaccharide multilayers on enhancing the enzyme loading and catalytic efficiency is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yixuan Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Shaowei Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Zhu Y, Chen Q, Shao L, Jia Y, Zhang X. Microfluidic immobilized enzyme reactors for continuous biocatalysis. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00217k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This review investigates strategies for employing μ-IMERs for continuous biocatalysis via a top-down approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hong Kong
- China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute
| | - Qingming Chen
- Department of Applied Physics
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hong Kong
- China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute
| | - Liyang Shao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yanwei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed Signal VLSI
- Institute of Microelectronics
- University of Macau
- Macau
- China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hong Kong
- China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute
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5
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Kecskemeti A, Gaspar A. Particle-based immobilized enzymatic reactors in microfluidic chips. Talanta 2018; 180:211-228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Development of an enzymatic reactor applying spontaneously adsorbed trypsin on the surface of a PDMS microfluidic device. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:3573-3585. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Bi Y, Zhou H, Jia H, Wei P. Polydopamine-mediated preparation of an enzyme-immobilized microreactor for the rapid production of wax ester. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00499k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In our study, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) open-tubular enzyme-immobilized microreactor has been successfully prepared using dopamine polymerization and multi-layer deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Hua Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Honghua Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Ping Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
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A simple MALDI plate functionalization by Vmh2 hydrophobin for serial multi-enzymatic protein digestions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:487-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Ge H, Bao H, Zhang L, Chen G. Immobilization of trypsin on miniature incandescent bulbs for infrared-assisted proteolysis. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 845:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Polyelectrolyte Multilayers in Microfluidic Systems for Biological Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/polym6082100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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11
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Kechadi M, Faure M, Sotta B, Gamby J. Investigating the Kinetics of Antibody Adsorption onto Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Modified with Gold Nanoparticles in Flow Microchannel. J Flow Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jfc-d-13-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Burchardt M, Wittstock G. Micropatterned multienzyme devices with adjustable amounts of immobilized enzymes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:15090-15099. [PMID: 24200032 DOI: 10.1021/la402561g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Multienzyme microstructures of glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were prepared by layer-by-layer deposition inside microfluidic networks on glass substrates in order to allow both site-specific deposition and control of the amount of immobilized enzymes. The obtained microstructures were characterized by scanning force microscopy for the topography of the deposited layers. The local enzyme activity was characterized by the substrate-generation/tip-collection mode and the enzyme-mediated feedback mode of the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM). These measurements provided quantitative information about the immobilized enzyme activity as a basis for adjusting enzyme loading for multienzyme structures that realize logical operations based on enzymatic conversions. Information about local HRP activity can also be obtained by optical readout using an Amplex UltraRed fluorgenic substrate and reading with a confocal laser scanning microscope with a much higher repetition rate for image acquisition. Using these principles, a layout with HRP and GOx microstructures was realized that showed the functionality of an OR Boolean logic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Burchardt
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , School of Mathematics and Sciences, Center of Interface Science (CIS), Department of Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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Microchip bioreactors based on trypsin-immobilized graphene oxide-poly(urea-formaldehyde) composite coating for efficient peptide mapping. Talanta 2013; 117:119-26. [PMID: 24209319 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin was covalently immobilized to graphene oxide (GO)-poly(urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) composite coated on the channel wall of poly(methyl methacrylate) microchips to fabricate microfluidic bioreactors for highly efficient proteolysis. A mixture solution containing urea-formaldehyde prepolymer and GO nanosheets was allowed to flow through the channels. The modification layer on the channel wall could further polycondense to form GO-PUF composite coating in the presence of ammonium chloride. The primary amino groups of trypsin could react with the carboxyl groups of the GO sheets in the coating with the aid of carboxyl activating agents to realize covalent immobilization. The feasibility and performance of the novel GO-based microchip bioreactors were demonstrated by the digestion of bovine serum albumin, lysozyme, ovalbumin, and myoglobin. The digestion time was significantly reduced to less than 5s. The obtained digests were identified by MALDI-TOF MS with satisfactory sequence coverages that were comparable to those obtained by using 12-h in-solution digestion. The present proteolysis strategy is simple and efficient, offering great promise for high-throughput protein identification.
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Liu S, Bao H, Zhang L, Chen G. Efficient proteolysis strategies based on microchip bioreactors. J Proteomics 2013; 82:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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15
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Liu Y, Wang H, Chen J, Liu C, Li W, Kong J, Yang P, Liu B. A Sensitive Microchip-Based Immunosensor for Electrochemical Detection of Low-Level Biomarker S100B. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Yamaguchi H, Miyazaki M. Enzyme-immobilized reactors for rapid and efficient sample preparation in MS-based proteomic studies. Proteomics 2013; 13:457-66. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Liberal Arts Education Center; Tokai University; Minamiaso Kumamoto Japan
| | - Masaya Miyazaki
- Measurement Solution Research Center; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Tosu Saga Japan
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science; Kyushu University; Kasuga Fukuoka Japan
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17
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Fan H, Bao H, Zhang L, Chen G. Immobilization of trypsin on poly(urea-formaldehyde)-coated fiberglass cores in microchip for highly efficient proteolysis. Proteomics 2011; 11:3420-3. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Becker B, Cooper MA. A survey of the 2006-2009 quartz crystal microbalance biosensor literature. J Mol Recognit 2011; 24:754-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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20
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Osiri JK, Shadpour H, Witek MA, Soper SA. Integrated multifunctional microfluidics for automated proteome analyses. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 304:261-94. [PMID: 21678138 DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics is a challenging field for realizing totally integrated microfluidic systems for complete proteome processing due to several considerations, including the sheer number of different protein types that exist within most proteomes, the large dynamic range associated with these various protein types, and the diverse chemical nature of the proteins comprising a typical proteome. For example, the human proteome is estimated to have >10(6) different components with a dynamic range of >10(10). The typical processing pipeline for proteomics involves the following steps: (1) selection and/or extraction of the particular proteins to be analyzed; (2) multidimensional separation; (3) proteolytic digestion of the protein sample; and (4) mass spectral identification of either intact proteins (top-down proteomics) or peptide fragments generated from proteolytic digestions (bottom-up proteomics). Although a number of intriguing microfluidic devices have been designed, fabricated and evaluated for carrying out the individual processing steps listed above, work toward building fully integrated microfluidic systems for protein analysis has yet to be realized. In this chapter, information will be provided on the nature of proteomic analysis in terms of the challenges associated with the sample type and the microfluidic devices that have been tested to carry out individual processing steps. These include devices such as those for multidimensional electrophoretic separations, solid-phase enzymatic digestions, and solid-phase extractions, all of which have used microfluidics as the functional platform for their implementation. This will be followed by an in-depth review of microfluidic systems, which are defined as units possessing two or more devices assembled into autonomous systems for proteome processing. In addition, information will be provided on the challenges involved in integrating processing steps into a functional system and the approaches adopted for device integration. In this chapter, we will focus exclusively on the front-end processing microfluidic devices and systems for proteome processing, and not on the interface technology of these platforms to mass spectrometry due to the extensive reviews that already exist on these types of interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Osiri
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70817, USA
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21
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Bao H, Chen Q, Zhang L, Chen G. Immobilization of trypsin in the layer-by-layer coating of graphene oxide and chitosan on in-channel glass fiber for microfluidic proteolysis. Analyst 2011; 136:5190-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15690j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Xu F, Wang WH, Tan YJ, Bruening ML. Facile trypsin immobilization in polymeric membranes for rapid, efficient protein digestion. Anal Chem 2010; 82:10045-51. [PMID: 21087034 PMCID: PMC3052767 DOI: 10.1021/ac101857j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sequential adsorption of poly(styrene sulfonate) and trypsin in nylon membranes provides a simple, inexpensive method to create stable, microporous reactors for fast protein digestion. The high local trypsin concentration and short radial diffusion distances in membrane pores facilitate proteolysis in residence times of a few seconds, and the minimal pressure drop across the thin membranes allows their use in syringe filters. Membrane digestion and subsequent MS analysis of bovine serum albumin provide 84% sequence coverage, which is higher than the 71% coverage obtained with in-solution digestion for 16 h or the <50% sequence coverages of other methods that employ immobilized trypsin. Moreover, trypsin-modified membranes digest protein in the presence of 0.05 wt % sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), whereas in-solution digestion under similar conditions yields no peptide signals in mass spectra even after removal of SDS. These membrane reactors, which can be easily prepared in any laboratory, have a shelf life of several months and continuously digest protein for at least 33 h without significant loss of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu-Jing Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Merlin L. Bruening
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Zhang X, Liu B, Zhang L, Zou H, Cao J, Gao M, Tang J, Liu Y, Yang P, Zhang Y. Recent advances in proteolysis and peptide/protein separation by chromatographic strategies. Sci China Chem 2010; 53:685-694. [PMID: 32214996 PMCID: PMC7089403 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-0135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This review gives a broad glance on the progress of recent advances on proteolysis and peptide/protein separation by chromatographic strategies in the past ten years, covering the main research in these areas especially in China. The reviewed research focused on enzymatic micro-reactors and peptide separation in bottom-up approaches, and protein and peptide separation in top-down approaches. The new enzymatic micro-reactor is able to accelerate proteolytic reaction rate from conventionally a couple of hours to a few seconds, and the multiple dimensional chromatographic-separation with various models or arrays could sufficiently separate the proteomic mixture. These advances have significantly promoted the research of protein/peptide separation and identification in proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiangMin Zhang
- 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - BaoHong Liu
- 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - LiHua Zhang
- 2Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China
| | - HanFa Zou
- 2Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Jing Cao
- 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - MingXia Gao
- 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Jia Tang
- 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Yun Liu
- 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - PengYuan Yang
- 1Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - YuKui Zhang
- 2Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China
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Wang H, Liu Y, Liu C, Huang J, Yang P, Liu B. Microfluidic chip-based aptasensor for amplified electrochemical detection of human thrombin. Electrochem commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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25
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Enzyme-Encapsulated Layer-by-Layer Assemblies: Current Status and Challenges Toward Ultimate Nanodevices. MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR NANO- AND MICROREACTORS/-REACTIONS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2009_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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26
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Qian K, Wan J, Huang X, Yang P, Liu B, Yu C. A Smart Glycol-Directed Nanodevice from Rationally Designed Macroporous Materials. Chemistry 2009; 16:822-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Qian K, Wan J, Liu F, Girault HH, Liu B, Yu C. A phospho-directed macroporous alumina-silica nanoreactor with multi-functions. ACS NANO 2009; 3:3656-3662. [PMID: 19842678 DOI: 10.1021/nn900739z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A phospho-directed nanoreactor with multiple functions is reported. Alumina-functionalized macroporous ordered silica foams (Al-MOSF) have been developed with large pore size, high pore volume (1.6 cm(3)/g), and a surface area of 186 m(2)/g rich in coordination unsaturated Al species, which can be used as phospho-directed nanoreactors for integrated in situ digestion and in situ phosphoisolation. By directly adding Al-MOSF to the conventional in-solution digestion system, both enzymes and proteins are quickly enriched in the macropores of the reactor to achieve a fast proteolysis without increasing the enzyme/protein concentration or using a preimmobilization process, thus the digestion time and the cost can be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, due to the chemo-affinity between alumina and phosphor groups, the Al-MOSF reactor can in situ isolate specific products of the enzymatic reaction (i.e., phosphopeptides) and release the nonspecific peptides to the solution. This strategy is simple, efficient, and successfully applied in the detection of phosphoproteins in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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28
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Lee J, Soper SA, Murray KK. Development of an efficient on-chip digestion system for protein analysis using MALDI-TOF MS. Analyst 2009; 134:2426-33. [PMID: 19918612 DOI: 10.1039/b916556h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A solid-phase trypsin microreactor was constructed and operated with electrokinetically-driven flow for the digestion of proteins and coupled off-line with MALDI-TOF MS. The bioreactor was fabricated from poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, by hot embossing using a mold master prepared by micro-milling. The solid-phase bioreactor consisted of a 4 cm long, 200 microm wide, and 50 microm deep microfluidic channel that was populated with an array of 50 microm diameter micropost structures with a 50 microm inter-post spacing. The bioreactor was prepared by covalently attaching the proteolytic enzyme, trypsin, to the UV-modified surface of the PMMA microstructures using the appropriate coupling reagents. The performance of the system was evaluated using a set of proteins. The bioreactor provided efficient digestion of cytochrome c at a field strength of 375 V/cm, producing a reaction time of approximately 20 s to produce 97% sequence coverage for protein identification. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), phosphorylase b, and beta-casein were also assessed and the sequence coverages were 46, 63, and 79%, respectively, using the same reactor residence time. Furthermore, Escherichia coli was used as a model to demonstrate the feasibility of fingerprint analysis for intact cells using this solid-phase bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Bi H, Qiao L, Busnel JM, Liu B, Girault HH. Kinetics of Proteolytic Reactions in Nanoporous Materials. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:4685-92. [DOI: 10.1021/pr9003954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Bi
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jean-Marc Busnel
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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30
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Qian K, Wan J, Qiao L, Huang X, Tang J, Wang Y, Kong J, Yang P, Yu C, Liu B. Macroporous Materials as Novel Catalysts for Efficient and Controllable Proteolysis. Anal Chem 2009; 81:5749-56. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900550q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wan
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yunhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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31
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Lee J, Soper SA, Murray KK. Microfluidic chips for mass spectrometry-based proteomics. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2009; 44:579-93. [PMID: 19373851 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices coupled to mass spectrometers have emerged as excellent tools for solving the complex analytical challenges associated with the field of proteomics. Current proteome identification procedures are accomplished through a series of steps that require many hours of labor-intensive work. Microfluidics can play an important role in proteomic sample preparation steps prior to mass spectral identification such as sample cleanup, digestion, and separations due to its ability to handle small sample quantities with the potential for high-throughput parallel analysis. To utilize microfluidic devices for proteomic analysis, an efficient interface between the microchip and the mass spectrometer is required. This tutorial provides an overview of the technologies and applications of microfluidic chips coupled to mass spectrometry for proteome analysis. Various approaches for combining microfluidic devices with electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) are summarized and applications of chip-based separations and digestion technologies to proteomic analysis are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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32
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Wang S, Liu T, Zhang L, Chen G, Yang P. Chymotryptic proteolysis accelerated by alternating current for MALDI-TOF-MS peptide mapping. J Proteomics 2009; 72:640-7. [PMID: 19171206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alternating current (AC) has been employed to enhance the efficiency of chymotryptic proteolysis for peptide mapping. It was allowed to flow through the mixture solution of proteins and chymotrypsin via a pair of platinum wire electrodes. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) were digested by the novel proteolysis approach to demonstrate its feasibility and performance. The results indicated that AC significantly accelerated in-solution chymotryptic proteolysis and the digestion time was substantially reduced to 5 min. The digests were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) with sequence coverages of 46% (BSA) and 90% (Cyt-c) that were much better than those obtained by using 12-h conventional in-solution chymotryptic proteolysis. In addition, AC-assisted chymotryptic proteolysis was employed to digest human serum to demonstrate its suitability to complex protein sample. The present proteolysis strategy is simple and efficient and will find a wide range of applications in proteomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Wang S, Liu T, Zhang L, Chen G. Efficient Chymotryptic Proteolysis Enhanced by Infrared Radiation for Peptide Mapping. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:5049-54. [DOI: 10.1021/pr800476s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Luyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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34
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Wang S, Bao H, Liu T, Zhang L, Yang P, Chen G. Accelerated proteolysis in alternating electric fields for peptide mapping. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:3225-3232. [PMID: 18803334 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sinusoidal alternating voltages (typically 5 V) were employed to enhance the efficiency of proteolysis for peptide mapping in this work. Protein solutions containing trypsin were allowed to digest with the assistance of alternating electric fields (AEFs) between a pair of platinum wire electrodes in Eppendorf tubes. The feasibility and performance of the novel proteolysis approach were investigated by the digestion of several standard proteins. It was demonstrated that AEFs significantly accelerated in-solution proteolysis and the digestion time was substantially reduced to 5 min. The digests were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) with sequence coverages that were comparable to those obtained by using conventional 12-h in-solution proteolysis. The suitability of AEF-assisted proteolysis to real protein samples was demonstrated by digesting and identifying human serum albumin in gel separated from human serum by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The present proteolysis strategy is simple and efficient and will find a wide range of applications in protein identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy & Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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35
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Lee J, Musyimi HK, Soper SA, Murray KK. Development of an automated digestion and droplet deposition microfluidic chip for MALDI-TOF MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 19:964-972. [PMID: 18479934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An automated proteolytic digestion bioreactor and droplet deposition system was constructed with a plastic microfluidic device for off-line interfacing to matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The microfluidic chips were fabricated in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), using a micromilling machine and incorporated a bioreactor, which was 100 microm wide, 100 microm deep, and possessed a 4 cm effective channel length (400 nL volume). The chip was operated by pressure-driven flow and mounted on a robotic fraction collector system. The PMMA bioreactor contained surface immobilized trypsin, which was covalently attached to the UV-modified PMMA surface using coupling reagents N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS). The digested peptides were mixed with a MALDI matrix on-chip and deposited as discrete spots on MALDI targets. The bioreactor provided efficient digestion of a test protein, cytochrome c, at a flow rate of 1 microL/min, producing a reaction time of approximately 24 s to give adequate sequence coverage for protein identification. Other proteins were also evaluated using this solid-phase bioreactor. The efficiency of digestion was evaluated by monitoring the sequence coverage, which was 64%, 35%, 58%, and 47% for cytochrome c, bovine serum albumin (BSA), myoglobin, and phosphorylase b, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70802, USA
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36
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Wang S, Zhang L, Yang P, Chen G. Infrared-assisted tryptic proteolysis for peptide mapping. Proteomics 2008; 8:2579-82. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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Wang S, Bao H, Zhang L, Yang P, Chen G. Infrared-Assisted On-Plate Proteolysis for MALDI-TOF-MS Peptide Mapping. Anal Chem 2008; 80:5640-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac800349u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huimin Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Luyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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38
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Wang S, Chen Z, Yang P, Chen G. Trypsin-immobilized fiber core in syringe needle for highly efficient proteolysis. Proteomics 2008; 8:1785-8. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200701042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Xu X, Wang X, Liu Y, Liu B, Wu H, Yang P. Trypsin entrapped in poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) silica sol-gel microreactor coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:1257-1264. [PMID: 18383213 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme-immobilized capillary microreactor for rapid protein digestion and proteomics analysis is reported. The inner surface of the fused-silica capillary was coated with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)-entrapped silica sol-gel matrix, followed by assembly of trypsin onto the PDDA-modified surface via electrostatic adsorption. The immobilization parameters such as PDDA content in the sol-gel matrix, trypsin concentration and pH were investigated in detail. Protein samples including beta-casein, myoglobin and cytochrome c could be effectively digested and electrophoretically separated simultaneously in such a modified capillary. Just 2.26 ng (corresponding to 0.10-0.14 picomole) of sample was sufficient for on-line capillary electrophoresis peptide mapping. The efficiency of the digestion was further demonstrated by digestion of a human liver cytoplasm sample and 253 proteins were identified in one unique run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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40
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Ji, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Kong J, Tang Y, Liu B. Enhanced Protein Digestion through the Confinement of Nanozeolite-Assembled Microchip Reactors. Anal Chem 2008; 80:2457-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac702218v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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41
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Luo X, Lewandowski AT, Yi H, Payne GF, Ghodssi R, Bentley WE, Rubloff GW. Programmable assembly of a metabolic pathway enzyme in a pre-packaged reusable bioMEMS device. LAB ON A CHIP 2008; 8:420-30. [PMID: 18305860 DOI: 10.1039/b713756g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a biofunctionalization strategy for the assembly of catalytically active enzymes within a completely packaged bioMEMS device, through the programmed generation of electrical signals at spatially and temporally defined sites. The enzyme of a bacterial metabolic pathway, S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (Pfs), is genetically fused with a pentatyrosine "pro-tag" at its C-terminus. Signal responsive assembly is based on covalent conjugation of Pfs to the aminopolysaccharide, chitosan, upon biochemical activation of the pro-tag, followed by electrodeposition of the enzyme-chitosan conjugate onto readily addressable sites in microfluidic channels. Compared to traditional physical entrapment and surface immobilization approaches in microfluidic environments, our signal-guided electrochemical assembly is unique in that the enzymes are assembled under mild aqueous conditions with spatial and temporal programmability and orientational control. Significantly, the chitosan-mediated enzyme assembly can be reversed, making the bioMEMS reusable for repeated assembly and catalytic activity. Additionally, the assembled enzymes retain catalytic activity over multiple days, demonstrating enhanced enzyme stability. We envision that this assembly strategy can be applied to rebuild metabolic pathways in microfluidic environments for antimicrobial drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Luo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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42
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Qiao L, Liu Y, Hudson SP, Yang P, Magner E, Liu B. A Nanoporous Reactor for Efficient Proteolysis. Chemistry 2007; 14:151-7. [PMID: 17960551 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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43
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Liu Y, Liu B, Yang P, Girault HH. Microfluidic enzymatic reactors for proteome research. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 390:227-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 09/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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44
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Abstract
The fabrication and performance of a fiber-packed channel bioreactor in microchip along with its application in protein analysis were reported. The feasibility and performance of the unique microfluidic bioreactor were demonstrated by the tryptic digestion of myoglobin (MYO) and BSA. The on-chip digestion was carried out at a flow rate of 2.0 microL/min and the digestion time was significantly reduced to less than 5 s. The digests were identified by MALDI-TOF MS with sequence coverages of 66% (MYO) and 40% (BSA) that were comparable to those obtained by the conventional in-solution tryptic digestion. The present fiber-based microchip bioreactor provides a promising platform for the high-throughput protein identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhi Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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45
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Zhou X, Yu T, Zhang Y, Kong J, Tang Y, Marty JL, Liu B. Nanozeolite-assembled interface towards sensitive biosensing. Electrochem commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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