1
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Li X, Fang Y, Li H, Feng S. Heterojunction of branched benzopyrazine-based polymers coating on graphene for electrochemical sensing of vanillin. Talanta 2024; 277:126420. [PMID: 38876036 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Vanillin finds widespread applications in various industries, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. However, excessive intake of vanillin could pose risks to human health. This study detailed the successful creation of a heterojunction of branched benzopyrazine-based polymers coating on graphene (CMP-rGO) through the Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling reaction. Utilizing the CMP-rGO, a novel electrochemical sensor for vanillin detection was developed. Besides, the synthesized materials were validated using standard characterization techniques. Both cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques were employed to investigate vanillin's electrochemical characteristics on this sensor. The findings indicated a significant enhancement in vanillin's electrochemical signal responsiveness with the application of CMP-rGO. Under optimal conditions, the sensor demonstrated a linear response to vanillin concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 33 μM and achieved a detection limit as low as 0.014 μM. Also, the constructed electrochemical sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. It has been effectively employed to detect vanillin in real samples such as human serum, human urine, and vanillin tablets, with a recovery rate of 99.13-103.6 % and an RSD of 3.46-1.26 %. Overall, this innovative sensor offers a novel approach to the efficient and convenient detection of vanillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Yuelan Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Huan Li
- The First Clinical Institue, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Suxiang Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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2
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Kim SW, Jung H, Okyay MS, Noh HJ, Chung S, Kim YH, Jeon JP, Wong BM, Cho K, Seo JM, Yoo JW, Baek JB. Hexaazatriphenylene-Based Two-Dimensional Conductive Covalent Organic Framework with Anisotropic Charge Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310560. [PMID: 37654107 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with efficient charge transport is of immense interest for applications in optoelectronic devices. To enhance COF charge transport properties, electroactive building blocks and dopants can be used to induce extended conduction channels. However, understanding their intricate interplay remains challenging. We designed and synthesized a tailor-made COF structure with electroactive hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) core units and planar dioxin (D) linkages, denoted as HD-COF. With the support of theoretical calculations, we found that the HAT units in the HD-COF induce strong, eclipsed π-π stacking. The unique stacking of HAT units and the weak in-plane conjugation of dioxin linkages leads to efficient anisotropic charge transport. We fabricated HD-COF films to minimize the grain boundary effect of bulk COFs, which resulted in enhanced conductivity. As a result, the HD-COF films showed an electrical conductivity as high as 1.25 S cm-1 after doping with tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjung Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmut Sait Okyay
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Hyuk-Jun Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Sein Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Jeon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bryan M Wong
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Seo
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Yoo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Beom Baek
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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3
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Chen X, Liu D, Yang C, Shi L, Li F. Hexaazatrinaphthalene-Based Covalent Triazine Framework-Supported Rhodium(III) Complex: A Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Reductive Amination of Ketones to Primary Amines. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37285321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalysts is an important topic. Herein, a rhodium(III) complex Cp*Rh@HATN-CTF was synthesized by the coordinative immobilization of [Cp*RhCl2]2 on a hexaazatrinaphthalene-based covalent triazine framework. In the presence of Cp*Rh@HATN-CTF (1 mo l% Rh), a series of primary amines could be obtained via the reductive amination of ketones in high yields. Moreover, catalytic activity of Cp*Rh@HATN-CTF is well maintained during six runs. The present catalytic system was also applied for the large scale preparation of a biologically active compound. It would facilitate the development of CTF-supported transition metal catalysts for sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Deyun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Lili Shi
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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4
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Fung KLY, Weare BL, Fay MW, Argent SP, Khlobystov AN. Reactions of polyaromatic molecules in crystals under electron beam of the transmission electron microscope. Micron 2023; 165:103395. [PMID: 36543056 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2022.103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactivity of a series of related molecules under the 80 keV electron beam have been investigated and correlated with their structures and chemical composition. Hydrogenated and halogenated derivatives of hexaazatrinaphthylene, coronene, and phthalocyanine were prepared by sublimation in vacuum to form solventless crystals then deposited onto transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids. The transformation of the molecules in the microcrystals were triggered by an 80 keV electron beam in the TEM and studied using correlated selected area electron diffraction, conventional bright field imaging, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The critical fluence (ē nm-2) required to cause a disappearance of the diffraction pattern was recorded and used as a measure of the reactivity of the molecules. The same electron flux (102 ē nm-2 s-1) was used throughout. Fully halogenated molecules were found to be the most stable and did not change significantly under our experimental conditions, followed by fully hydrogenated molecules with critical fluences of 104 ē nm-2. Surprisingly, semi-halogenated molecules that contained an equal number of hydrogen and halogen atoms were found to be the least stable, with critical fluences an order of magnitude lower at 103 ē nm-2. This is attributed to elimination of H-X (where X = F or Cl), followed by polymerisation of aryne / aryl radicals within the crystal. The critical fluence for the semi-fluorinated hexaazatrinaphthylene is the lowest as the presence of water molecules in its crystal lattice significantly decreased the stability of the organic molecules under the electron beam. Semi-halogenation reduces the beam stability of organic molecules compared to the parent hydrogenated molecule, thus providing the chemical guidance for design of electron beam stable materials. Understanding of molecular reactivity in the electron beam is necessary for advancement of molecular imaging and analysis methods by the TEM, molecular materials processing, and electron beam-driven synthesis of novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh L Y Fung
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin L Weare
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W Fay
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, Cripps South, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Argent
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Andrei N Khlobystov
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
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Jiang H, Zhu S, Cui Z, Li Z, Liang Y, Zhu J, Hu P, Zhang HL, Hu W. High-performance five-ring-fused organic semiconductors for field-effect transistors. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3071-3122. [PMID: 35319036 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecular semiconductors have been paid great attention due to their advantages of low-temperature processability, low fabrication cost, good flexibility, and excellent electronic properties. As a typical example of five-ring-fused organic semiconductors, a single crystal of pentacene shows a high mobility of up to 40 cm2 V-1 s-1, indicating its potential application in organic electronics. However, the photo- and optical instabilities of pentacene make it unsuitable for commercial applications. But, molecular engineering, for both the five-ring-fused building block and side chains, has been performed to improve the stability of materials as well as maintain high mobility. Here, several groups (thiophenes, pyrroles, furans, etc.) are introduced to design and replace one or more benzene rings of pentacene and construct novel five-ring-fused organic semiconductors. In this review article, ∼500 five-ring-fused organic prototype molecules and their derivatives are summarized to provide a general understanding of this catalogue material for application in organic field-effect transistors. The results indicate that many five-ring-fused organic semiconductors can achieve high mobilities of more than 1 cm2 V-1 s-1, and a hole mobility of up to 18.9 cm2 V-1 s-1 can be obtained, while an electron mobility of 27.8 cm2 V-1 s-1 can be achieved in five-ring-fused organic semiconductors. The HOMO-LUMO levels, the synthesis process, the molecular packing, and the side-chain engineering of five-ring-fused organic semiconductors are analyzed. The current problems, conclusions, and perspectives are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shengli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Yanqin Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
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6
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Enhancing sub-bandgap external quantum efficiency by photomultiplication for narrowband organic near-infrared photodetectors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4259. [PMID: 34267210 PMCID: PMC8282846 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of electromagnetic signals for applications such as health, product quality monitoring or astronomy requires highly responsive and wavelength selective devices. Photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors have been shown to achieve high quantum efficiencies mainly in the visible range. Much less research has been focused on realizing near-infrared narrowband devices. Here, we demonstrate fully vacuum-processed narrow- and broadband photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors. Devices are based on enhanced hole injection leading to a maximum external quantum efficiency of almost 2000% at -10 V for the broadband device. The photomultiplicative effect is also observed in the charge-transfer state absorption region. By making use of an optical cavity device architecture, we enhance the charge-transfer response and demonstrate a wavelength tunable narrowband photomultiplication-type organic photodetector with external quantum efficiencies superior to those of pin-devices. The presented concept can further improve the performance of photodetectors based on the absorption of charge-transfer states, which were so far limited by the low external quantum efficiency provided by these devices.
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7
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Zhu R, Li QS, Li ZS. Molecular Engineering of Hexaazatriphenylene Derivatives toward More Efficient Electron-Transporting Materials for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38222-38231. [PMID: 32805981 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electron-transporting material (ETM) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays important role in reducing hysteresis and realizing simple processing procedures, while the improvement of power conversion efficiency is limited by low electron mobility and weak perovskite/ETM interface interaction. In this work, three new ETMs (HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3) were designed by introducing methoxyphenyl, imide, and naphthalene groups into the hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) skeleton, based on the ETM HATNASOC7 synthesized experimentally [Jen; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 8999]. Theoretical calculations showed that the electron mobilities of HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3 are 2.98, 3.79, and 13.21 times that of HATNASOC7, which is attributed to the increased C···C and O···H interactions in the newly designed ETMs. More importantly, the evidently decreased perovskite/ETM interface distances and the significantly increased adsorption energies revealed that the interface interactions were markedly enhanced with the newly designed ETMs by forming additional Pb···O interactions, which promote the electron injection. The deep understanding of perovskite/ETM interface properties sheds new light on the complex factors determining the PSC function and paves the way for the rational design of highly efficient and stable components for PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Quan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ze-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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8
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Chen YR, Zhang YY, Yeh MC, Luo YT, Ong CW. Long-Range Self-Assembly of an Electron-Deficient Hexaazatrinaphthylene with Out-of-Plane Substituents. Chempluschem 2020; 85:613-618. [PMID: 32237232 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented time-dependent long-range supramol-ecular assembly of electron-deficient hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATN) core based on peripheral crowding with three out-of-plane cyclic ketals is reported. The single-crystal X-ray structure of the diethyl derivative provided detailed information as to how four molecules in a repeating unit were packed in order to avoid steric crowding of the out-of-plane cyclic ketal side chain, providing locking and fastening for stabilizing the self-assembled structure. The polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) did not instantaneously show any phase transition upon the cooling process. To our surprise, POM images showed a nucleation of spherulite up to 100 μm after 24 hour later. X-ray diffraction data further confirmed that these soft crystal formed a hexagonal-like crystal. The long-range self-assembly of the new material showed a slight red shift in the UV-vis absorption spectra and further substantiated by computational method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Yun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ting Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chi Wi Ong
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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9
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Khatymov RV, Shchukin PV, Muftakhov MV, Yakushchenko IK, Yarmolenko OV, Pankratyev EY. A unified statistical RRKM approach to the fragmentation and autoneutralization of metastable molecular negative ions of hexaazatrinaphthylenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3073-3088. [PMID: 31965122 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05397b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For the compounds promising for use as n-type semiconductors in organic electronics and energy storage devices, hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATNA) and its derivative hexamethoxy-hexaazatrinaphthylene (HMHATA), the monomolecular processes occurring under the exposure of molecules to low-energy (0-15 eV) free electrons were studied by means of resonant electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry. Resonant electron attachment results in the formation of eminently long-lived molecular negative ions (MNIs) in an abnormally wide range of incident electron energy (Ee) from 0 to 5-7 eV. For both compounds, this observation serves as an indication of the strong electron-accepting properties and high stability of MNIs against electron autodetachment. A weak yield of the only fragment NIs, dehydrogenated anions, was detected for HATNA at Ee > 6 eV. MNIs of HMHATA are less stable to dissociative decay because of the presence of weakly bound terminal substituents. This is evidenced by the mass spectral observation of intense fragmentation occurring above Ee≈ 1 eV and leading to a loss of up to 3 methyl groups as the Ee increases. A series of metastable NI peaks observed in the mass spectra testify to the delayed and sequential nature of fragmentation. Based on the principles of statistical Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory, the theoretical model of dissociative decay of NIs was developed and then adopted to quantify the rates of ground-state anion decay via electron autodetachment. The experimentally measured electron autodetachment lifetimes and fragmentation rates were best reproduced by the model at molecular adiabatic electron affinities preset to 2.15 eV for HATNA and 1.88 eV for HMHATA, in reasonable agreement with the quantum chemical DFT PBE/3ζ predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustem V Khatymov
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Pavel V Shchukin
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Mars V Muftakhov
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Igor K Yakushchenko
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Ol'ga V Yarmolenko
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Evgeniy Yu Pankratyev
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450075, Russia.
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Said AA, Xie J, Zhang Q. Recent Progress in Organic Electron Transport Materials in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900854. [PMID: 31069952 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organic n-type materials (e.g., fullerene derivatives, naphthalene diimides (NDIs), perylene diimides (PDIs), azaacene-based molecules, and n-type conjugated polymers) are demonstrated as promising electron transport layers (ETLs) in inverted perovskite solar cells (p-i-n PSCs), because these materials have several advantages such as easy synthesis and purification, tunable frontier molecular orbitals, decent electron mobility, low cost, good solubility in different organic solvents, and reasonable chemical/thermal stability. Considering these positive factors, approaches toward achieving effective p-i-n PSCs with these organic materials as ETLs are highlighted in this Review. Moreover, organic structures, electron transport properties, working function of electrodes caused by ETLs, and key relevant parameters (PCE and stability) of p-i-n PSCs are presented. Hopefully, this Review will provide fundamental guidance for future development of new organic n-type materials as ETLs for more efficient p-i-n PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Said
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jian Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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11
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Tahir N, Wang G, Onyshchenko I, De Geyter N, Leus K, Morent R, Van Der Voort P. High-nitrogen containing covalent triazine frameworks as basic catalytic support for the Cu-catalyzed Henry reaction. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Barnsley JE, Pelet W, McAdam J, Wagner K, Hayes P, Officer DL, Wagner P, Gordon KC. When “Donor–Acceptor” Dyes Delocalize: A Spectroscopic and Computational Study of D–A Dyes Using “Michler’s Base”. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5957-5968. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E. Barnsley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand
| | - William Pelet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand
| | - John McAdam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand
| | - Klaudia Wagner
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Patricia Hayes
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - David L. Officer
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Pawel Wagner
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand
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13
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Hisaki I, Suzuki Y, Gomez E, Ji Q, Tohnai N, Nakamura T, Douhal A. Acid Responsive Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2111-2121. [PMID: 30615836 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A porous hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) responsive to acid was constructed from a hexaazatrinaphthylene derivative with carboxyphenyl groups (CPHATN). Precise structures of both 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene solvate [CPHATN-1(TCB)] and activated HOF with permanent porosity (CPHATN-1a) were successfully determined by single-crystalline X-ray diffraction analysis. Permanent porosity of CPHATN-1a was evaluated by gas sorption experiments at low temperature. CPHATN-1a also shows significant thermal stability up to 633 K. Its crystals exhibit a rich photochemistry thanks to intramolecular charge-transfer and interunit proton-transfer reactions. Femtosecond (fs) experiments on crystals demonstrate that these events occur in ≤200 fs and 1.2 ps, respectively. Moreover, single-crystal fluorescence microscopy reveals a shift of the emission spectra most probably as a result of defects and a high anisotropic behavior, reflecting an ordered crystalline structure with a preferential orientation of the molecular dipole moments. Remarkably, CPHATN-1a, as a result of the protonation of pyradyl nitrogen atoms embedded in its π-conjugated core, shows reversible vapor acid-induced color changes from yellow to reddish-brown, which can be also followed by an ON/OFF of its emission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first HOF that exhibits acid-responsive color changes. The present work provides new findings for developing stimuli responsive HOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Hisaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science , Hokkaido University , Kitaku, Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0020 , Japan
| | - Yuto Suzuki
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Eduardo Gomez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III , S/N, 45071 Toledo , Spain
| | - Qin Ji
- Research Institute for Electronic Science , Hokkaido University , Kitaku, Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0020 , Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , 2-1 Yamadaoka , Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakamura
- Research Institute for Electronic Science , Hokkaido University , Kitaku, Sapporo , Hokkaido 001-0020 , Japan
| | - Abderrazzak Douhal
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, and INAMOL , Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avenida Carlos III , S/N, 45071 Toledo , Spain
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14
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15
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Yazdani S, Pettes MT. Nanoscale self-assembly of thermoelectric materials: a review of chemistry-based approaches. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:432001. [PMID: 30052199 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is concerned with the leading methods of bottom-up material preparation for thermal-to-electrical energy interconversion. The advantages, capabilities, and challenges from a material synthesis perspective are surveyed and the methods are discussed with respect to their potential for improvement (or possibly deterioration) of application-relevant transport properties. Solution chemistry-based synthesis approaches are re-assessed from the perspective of thermoelectric applications based on reported procedures for nanowire, quantum dot, mesoporous, hydro/solvothermal, and microwave-assisted syntheses as these techniques can effectively be exploited for industrial mass production. In terms of energy conversion efficiency, the benefit of self-assembly can occur from three paths: suppressing thermal conductivity, increasing thermopower, and boosting electrical conductivity. An ideal thermoelectric material gains from all three improvements simultaneously. Most bottom-up materials have been shown to exhibit very low values of thermal conductivity compared to their top-down (solid-state) counterparts, although the main challenge lies in improving their poor electrical properties. Recent developments in the field discussed in this review reveal that the traditional view of bottom-up thermoelectrics as inferior materials suffering from poor performance is not appropriate. Thermopower enhancement due to size and energy filtering effects, electrical conductivity enhancement, and thermal conductivity reduction mechanisms inherent in bottom-up nanoscale self-assembly syntheses are indicative of the impact that these techniques will play in future thermoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Yazdani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America
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16
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Santra S, Khasanov AF, Mukherjee A, Rahman M, Kovalev IS, Kopchuk DS, Zyryanov GV, Majee A, Chupakhin ON, Charushin VN. Mono- and Polyazatriphenylene-Based Ligands: An Updated Library of Synthetic Strategies (2001-2018). European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sougata Santra
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
| | - Albert F. Khasanov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
| | - Anindita Mukherjee
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
| | - Matiur Rahman
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
| | - Igor S. Kovalev
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry S. Kopchuk
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis; Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. 620219 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis; Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. 620219 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Adinath Majee
- Department of Chemistry; Visva-Bharati (A Central University); 731235 Santiniketan India
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
- I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis; Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str. 620219 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Valery N. Charushin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry; Chemical Engineering Institute; Ural Federal University; 19 Mira Str. 620002 Yekaterinburg, K-2 Russian Federation
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17
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Lemes MA, Magnan F, Gabidullin B, Brusso J. Impact of nuclearity and topology on the single molecule magnet behaviour of hexaazatrinaphtylene-based cobalt complexes. Dalton Trans 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00324f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hexaazatrinaphtylene-based transition metal complex that exhibits single molecule magnet behaviour is reported herein. This study reveals the influence of both nuclearity and topology on the magnetic properties of hexaazatrinaphtylene-based complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykon A. Lemes
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - François Magnan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Jaclyn Brusso
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
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18
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Barnsley JE, Lomax BA, McLay JRW, Larsen CB, Lucas NT, Gordon KC. Flicking the Switch on Donor-Acceptor Interactions in Hexaazatrinaphthalene Dyes: A Spectroscopic and Computational Study. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E. Barnsley
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, Union Place West; Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
| | - Bethany A. Lomax
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, Union Place West; Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
| | - James R. W. McLay
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, Union Place West; Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
| | - Christopher B. Larsen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, Union Place West; Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
| | - Nigel T. Lucas
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, Union Place West; Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, Union Place West; Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
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19
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Larsen CB, Barnsley JE, van der Salm H, Fraser MG, Lucas NT, Gordon KC. Synthesis and Optical Properties of Unsymmetrically Substituted Triarylamine Hexaazatrinaphthalenes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Larsen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Union Place West 9016 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Jonathan E. Barnsley
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Union Place West 9016 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Holly van der Salm
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Union Place West 9016 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Michael G. Fraser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Union Place West 9016 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Nigel T. Lucas
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Union Place West 9016 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Union Place West 9016 Dunedin New Zealand
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20
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Yao B, Zhou Y, Ye X, Wang R, Zhang J, Wan X. A Star-Shaped Molecule with Low-Lying Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital Level, n-Type Panchromatic Electrochromism, and Long-Term Stability. Org Lett 2017; 19:1990-1993. [PMID: 28368605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An electron-deficient star-shaped molecule based on anthraquinone imide was synthesized and characterized. It showed high electron accommodating capacity and strong electron-withdrawing ability with a low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of -4.10 eV. In addition, it exhibited panchromatic electrochromism attributed to the simultaneous presence of π*-π* transitions and intervalence charge transfer (IV-CT) upon one-electron reduction, and revealed long-term stability in electron gain and loss due to the proper LUMO energy level and ordered intermolecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xichong Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinhua Wan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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21
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Ohisa S, Pu YJ, Takahashi S, Chiba T, Kido J. Inhibition of solution-processed 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile crystallization by mixing additives for hole injection layers in organic light-emitting devices. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2016.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Zhao D, Zhu Z, Kuo MY, Chueh CC, Jen AKY. Hexaazatrinaphthylene Derivatives: Efficient Electron-Transporting Materials with Tunable Energy Levels for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8999-9003. [PMID: 27273656 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATNA) derivatives have been successfully shown to function as efficient electron-transporting materials (ETMs) for perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). The cells demonstrate a superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.6 % with negligible hysteresis. This study provides one of the first nonfullerene small-molecule-based ETMs for high-performance p-i-n PVSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbing Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ming-Yu Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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23
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Zhao D, Zhu Z, Kuo M, Chueh C, Jen AK. Hexaazatrinaphthylene Derivatives: Efficient Electron‐Transporting Materials with Tunable Energy Levels for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbing Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Ming‐Yu Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Chu‐Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Alex K.‐Y. Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
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24
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Bhaskaran-Nair K, Kowalski K, Shelton WA. Coupled cluster Green function: Model involving single and double excitations. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:144101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4944960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bhaskaran-Nair
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Karol Kowalski
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K8-91, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - William A. Shelton
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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25
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Lee JH, Lee J. Efficient Green Phosphorescent OLEDs with Hexaazatrinaphthylene Derivatives as a Hole Injection Layer. APPLIED CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.14478/ace.2015.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Moilanen JO, Day BM, Pugh T, Layfield RA. Open-shell doublet character in a hexaazatrinaphthylene trianion complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11478-81. [PMID: 26088395 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three-electron reduction of hexaazatrinaphthylene (HAN) with a magnesium(I) reagent leads to [(HAN){Mg(nacnac)}3] (1), containing a [HAN](3-) ligand with a spin of S = 1/2. Ab initio calculations reveal that the [HAN](3-) ligand in 1 has a ground-state wave function with multiconfigurational properties, and can be described as a triradicaloid species with a small amount of open-shell doublet character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani O Moilanen
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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27
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Wang C, Zhang J, Long G, Aratani N, Yamada H, Zhao Y, Zhang Q. Synthesis, Structure, and Air-stable N-type Field-Effect Transistor Behaviors of Functionalized Octaazanonacene-8,19-dione. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6292-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Wang C, Zhang J, Long G, Aratani N, Yamada H, Zhao Y, Zhang Q. Synthesis, Structure, and Air-stable N-type Field-Effect Transistor Behaviors of Functionalized Octaazanonacene-8,19-dione. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Segura JL, Juárez R, Ramos M, Seoane C. Hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) derivatives: from synthesis to molecular design, self-organization and device applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6850-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The creativity and inventiveness of chemists working with the 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) building block is highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Segura
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- E-28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Rafael Juárez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- E-28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Mar Ramos
- Department of Environmental and Technological Chemistry
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Madrid 28933
- Spain
| | - Carlos Seoane
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- E-28040 Madrid
- Spain
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30
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Navarro A, Fernández-Liencres MP, García G, Granadino-Roldán JM, Fernández-Gómez M. A DFT approach to the charge transport related properties in columnar stacked π-conjugated N-heterocycle cores including electron donor and acceptor units. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:605-18. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04220d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical design of new, ambipolar DLC donor–acceptor systems based on tris[1,2,4]triazolo[1,3,5]triazine cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Navarro
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales
- Universidad de Jaén
- Jaén
- Spain
| | - M. Paz Fernández-Liencres
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales
- Universidad de Jaén
- Jaén
- Spain
| | | | - José M. Granadino-Roldán
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales
- Universidad de Jaén
- Jaén
- Spain
| | - Manuel Fernández-Gómez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales
- Universidad de Jaén
- Jaén
- Spain
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31
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van der Salm H, Fraser MG, Horvath R, Turner JO, Greetham GM, Clark IP, Towrie M, Lucas NT, George MW, Gordon KC. Dual Charge-Transfer in Rhenium(I) Thioether Substituted Hexaazanaphthalene Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:13049-60. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502179f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly van der Salm
- Department
of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute, University of Otago, Union Place, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael G. Fraser
- Department
of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute, University of Otago, Union Place, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Raphael Horvath
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Jack O. Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory M. Greetham
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. Clark
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel T. Lucas
- Department
of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute, University of Otago, Union Place, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. George
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Talking East Road, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- Department
of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute, University of Otago, Union Place, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
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32
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Liu XY, Usui T, Hanna J. Self-Directed Orientation of Molecular Columns Based on n-Type Hexaazatrinaphthylenes (HATNAs) for Electron Transport. Chemistry 2014; 20:14207-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Kowalski K, Bhaskaran-Nair K, Shelton WA. Coupled-cluster representation of Green function employing modified spectral resolutions of similarity transformed Hamiltonians. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:094102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4893527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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34
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Bhaskaran-Nair K, Kowalski K, Moreno J, Jarrell M, Shelton WA. Equation of motion coupled cluster methods for electron attachment and ionization potential in fullerenes C60and C70. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:074304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4891934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Tehfe MA, Dumur F, Xiao P, Zhang J, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Photoinitiators based on a phenazine scaffold: High performance systems upon near-UV or visible LED (385, 395 and 405 nm) irradiations. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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36
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Choudhary S, Gozalvez C, Higelin A, Krossing I, Melle-Franco M, Mateo-Alonso A. Hexaazatrinaphthylenes with Different Twists. Chemistry 2013; 20:1525-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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37
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Takase M, Narita T, Fujita W, Asano MS, Nishinaga T, Benten H, Yoza K, Müllen K. Pyrrole-Fused Azacoronene Family: The Influence of Replacement with Dialkoxybenzenes on the Optical and Electronic Properties in Neutral and Oxidized States. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:8031-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ja402371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Narita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Motoko S. Asano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Tohru Nishinaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Benten
- Department of Polymer Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoza
- Bruker AXS, Yokohama, Kanagawa
221-0022, Japan
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128,
Germany
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Juárez R, Oliva MM, Ramos M, Segura JL, Alemán C, Rodríguez-Ropero F, Curcó D, Montilla F, Coropceanu V, Brédas JL, Qi Y, Kahn A, Ruiz Delgado MC, Casado J, López Navarrete JT. Hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) versus tri-HAT: The Bigger the Better? Chemistry 2011; 17:10312-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ishi-i T, Hirashima R, Tsutsumi N, Amemori S, Matsuki S, Teshima Y, Kuwahara R, Mataka S. Expanded π-Electron Systems, Tri(phenanthro)hexaazatriphenylenes and Tri(phenanthrolino)hexaazatriphenylenes, That Are Self-Assembled To Form One-Dimensional Aggregates. J Org Chem 2010; 75:6858-68. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101212d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Ishi-i
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Kurume National College of Technology, 1-1-1 Komorino, Kurume 830-8555, Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering
| | - Ryoichi Hirashima
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Kurume National College of Technology, 1-1-1 Komorino, Kurume 830-8555, Japan
| | - Naotaka Tsutsumi
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Kurume National College of Technology, 1-1-1 Komorino, Kurume 830-8555, Japan
| | - Shogo Amemori
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Kurume National College of Technology, 1-1-1 Komorino, Kurume 830-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsuki
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Kurume National College of Technology, 1-1-1 Komorino, Kurume 830-8555, Japan
| | - Yuuki Teshima
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Kurume National College of Technology, 1-1-1 Komorino, Kurume 830-8555, Japan
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Wei J, Han B, Guo Q, Shi X, Wang W, Wei N. 1,5,9-Triazacoronenes: A Family of Polycyclic Heteroarenes Synthesized by a Threefold Pictet-Spengler Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:8209-13. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wei J, Han B, Guo Q, Shi X, Wang W, Wei N. 1,5,9-Triazacoronenes: A Family of Polycyclic Heteroarenes Synthesized by a Threefold Pictet-Spengler Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Deuri S, Phukan P. A density functional theory study on π-nucleophilicity and electron-transfer oxidation of silyl enol ethers and ketene silyl acetals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2010.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gao B, Xia D, Geng Y, Cheng Y, Wang L. Band gap tunable for near-infrared absorbing chromophores with multi-triphenylamine and tris (thieno)hexaazatriphenylenes acceptors. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Garzón A, Granadino-Roldán JM, Moral M, García G, Fernández-Liencres MP, Navarro A, Peña-Ruiz T, Fernández-Gómez M. Density functional theory study of the optical and electronic properties of oligomers based on phenyl-ethynyl units linked to triazole, thiadiazole, and oxadiazole rings to be used in molecular electronics. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:064901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3309585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Armstrong NR, Wang W, Alloway DM, Placencia D, Ratcliff E, Brumbach M. Organic/Organic′ Heterojunctions: Organic Light Emitting Diodes and Organic Photovoltaic Devices. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 30:717-31. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200900075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Nishida JI, Amada A, Murakami S, Yamashita Y. Synthesis of n-Type Semiconductors based on Heterocycles and Application to FET Devices. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2009. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.22.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Krahmer J, Beckhaus R, Saak W, Haase D. Chelating Complexes of Diethylzinc and ZnCl2with 2,2-Bipyridine and 1,6,7,12,13,18-Hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATN) as Ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200800138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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