1
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Tei L, Gugliotta G, Marchi D, Cossi M, Geninatti Crich S, Botta M. Optimizing the relaxivity at high fields: systematic variation of the rotational dynamics in polynuclear Gd-complexes based on the AAZTA ligand. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00904d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A homogeneous series of polynuclear Gd-complexes (n = 1–8) based on a stable and bis-hydrated [Gd(AAZTA)]− chelate shows high relaxivity values at high fields (1.5–7 T), per Gd, particularly pronounced for the more rigid and compact members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gugliotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Davide Marchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center, Università di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
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2
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Pan Y, Hu X, Guo D. Biomedizinische Anwendungen von Calixarenen: Stand der Wissenschaft und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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3
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Pan Y, Hu X, Guo D. Biomedical Applications of Calixarenes: State of the Art and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2768-2794. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xin‐Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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4
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Kumar R, Sharma A, Singh H, Suating P, Kim HS, Sunwoo K, Shim I, Gibb BC, Kim JS. Revisiting Fluorescent Calixarenes: From Molecular Sensors to Smart Materials. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9657-9721. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hardev Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Paolo Suating
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Hyeong Seok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyoung Sunwoo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Inseob Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Bruce C. Gibb
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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5
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Pell AJ, Pintacuda G, Grey CP. Paramagnetic NMR in solution and the solid state. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 111:1-271. [PMID: 31146806 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The field of paramagnetic NMR has expanded considerably in recent years. This review addresses both the theoretical description of paramagnetic NMR, and the way in which it is currently practised. We provide a review of the theory of the NMR parameters of systems in both solution and the solid state. Here we unify the different languages used by the NMR, EPR, quantum chemistry/DFT, and magnetism communities to provide a comprehensive and coherent theoretical description. We cover the theory of the paramagnetic shift and shift anisotropy in solution both in the traditional formalism in terms of the magnetic susceptibility tensor, and using a more modern formalism employing the relevant EPR parameters, such as are used in first-principles calculations. In addition we examine the theory first in the simple non-relativistic picture, and then in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. These ideas are then extended to a description of the paramagnetic shift in periodic solids, where it is necessary to include the bulk magnetic properties, such as magnetic ordering at low temperatures. The description of the paramagnetic shift is completed by describing the current understanding of such shifts due to lanthanide and actinide ions. We then examine the paramagnetic relaxation enhancement, using a simple model employing a phenomenological picture of the electronic relaxation, and again using a more complex state-of-the-art theory which incorporates electronic relaxation explicitly. An additional important consideration in the solid state is the impact of bulk magnetic susceptibility effects on the form of the spectrum, where we include some ideas from the field of classical electrodynamics. We then continue by describing in detail the solution and solid-state NMR methods that have been deployed in the study of paramagnetic systems in chemistry, biology, and the materials sciences. Finally we describe a number of case studies in paramagnetic NMR that have been specifically chosen to highlight how the theory in part one, and the methods in part two, can be used in practice. The systems chosen include small organometallic complexes in solution, solid battery electrode materials, metalloproteins in both solution and the solid state, systems containing lanthanide ions, and multi-component materials used in pharmaceutical controlled-release formulations that have been doped with paramagnetic species to measure the component domain sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Pell
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS UMR 5280, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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6
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Bonechi C, Consumi M, Matteucci M, Tamasi G, Donati A, Leone G, Menichetti L, Kusmic C, Rossi C, Magnani A. Distribution of Gadolinium in Rat Heart Studied by Fast Field Cycling Relaxometry and Imaging SIMS. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1339. [PMID: 30884846 PMCID: PMC6471734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on microcirculatory alterations in human heart disease is essential to understand the genesis of myocardial contractile dysfunction and its evolution towards heart failure. The use of contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging is an important tool in medical diagnostics related to this dysfunction. Contrast agents significantly improve the imaging by enhancing the nuclear magnetic relaxation rates of water protons in the tissues where they are distributed. Gadolinium complexes are widely employed in clinical practice due to their high magnetic moment and relatively long electronic relaxation time. In this study, the behavior of gadolinium ion as a contrast agent was investigated by two complementary methods, relaxometry and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The study examined the distribution of blood flow within the microvascular network in ex vivo Langendorff isolated rat heart models, perfused with Omniscan® contrast agent. The combined use of secondary ion mass spectrometry and relaxometry allowed for both a qualitative mapping of agent distribution as well as the quantification of gadolinium ion concentration and persistence. This combination of a chemical mapping and temporal analysis of the molar concentration of gadolinium ion in heart tissue allows for new insights on the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the microcirculatory alterations in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bonechi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- Center for Colloids and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Marco Consumi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Marco Matteucci
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Area di Ricerca "S. Cataldo", Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Tamasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- Center for Colloids and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Donati
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- Center for Colloids and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Gemma Leone
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Luca Menichetti
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Area di Ricerca "S. Cataldo", Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Area di Ricerca "S. Cataldo", Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudio Rossi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- Center for Colloids and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Agnese Magnani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
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7
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Mayer F, Tiruvadi Krishnan S, Schühle DT, Eliseeva SV, Petoud S, Tóth É, Djanashvili K. Luminescence Properties of Self-Aggregating Tb III-DOTA-Functionalized Calix[4]arenes. Front Chem 2018; 6:1. [PMID: 29441345 PMCID: PMC5797610 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-aggregating calix[4]arenes carrying four DOTA ligands on the upper rim for stable complexation of paramagnetic GdIII-ions have already been proposed as MRI probes. In this work, we investigate the luminescence properties of TbIII-DOTA-calix[4]arene-4OPr containing four propyl-groups and compare them with those of the analog substituted with a phthalimide chromophore (TbIII-DOTA-calix[4]arene-3OPr-OPhth). We show that, given its four aromatic rings, the calix[4]arene core acts as an effective sensitizer of Tb-centered luminescence. Substituents on the lower rim can modulate the aggregation behavior, which in turn determines the luminescence properties of the compounds. In solid state, the quantum yield of the phthalimide derivative is almost three times as high as that of the propyl-functionalized analog demonstrating a beneficial role of the chromophore on Tb-luminescence. In solution, however, the effect of the phthalimide group vanishes, which we attribute to the large distance between the chromophore and the lanthanide, situated on the opposite rims of the calix[4]arene. Both quantum yields and luminescence lifetimes show clear concentration dependence in solution, related to the strong impact of aggregation on the luminescence behavior. We also evidence the variability in the values of the critical micelle concentration depending on the experimental technique. Such luminescent calix[4]arene platforms accommodating stable lanthanide complexes can be considered valuable building blocks for the design of dual MR/optical imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mayer
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel T. Schühle
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Svetlana V. Eliseeva
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Éva Tóth
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Kristina Djanashvili
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
- Le Studium, Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Orléans, France
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8
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Lenora CU, Carniato F, Shen Y, Latif Z, Haacke EM, Martin PD, Botta M, Allen MJ. Structural Features of Europium(II)-Containing Cryptates That Influence Relaxivity. Chemistry 2017; 23:15404-15414. [PMID: 28707809 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
EuII -containing complexes were studied with respect to properties relevant to their use as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. The influences of molecular parameters and field strength on relaxivity were studied for a series of EuII -containing cryptates and their adducts with β-cyclodextrins, poly-β-cyclodextrins, and human serum albumin. Solid- and solution-phase characterization of EuII -containing complexes is presented that demonstrates the presence of inner-sphere molecules of water. Additionally, relaxivity, water-exchange rate, rotational correlation time, and electronic relaxation times were determined using variable-temperature 17 O NMR, nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. These results are expected to be instrumental in the design of future EuII -based contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamika U Lenora
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Fabio Carniato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Universitâ del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Yimin Shen
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Zahid Latif
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - E Mark Haacke
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Philip D Martin
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Chemistry Department, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Universitâ del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Matthew J Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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9
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Miller-Shakesby DM, Burke BP, Nigam S, Stasiuk GJ, Prior TJ, Archibald SJ, Redshaw C. Synthesis, structures and cytotoxicity studies of p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene lanthanide complexes. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Webber BC, Cassino C, Botta M, Woods M. Aggregation in amphiphilic macrocycle-substituted Gd(3+) DOTA-type chelates is affected by the regiochemistry of substitution. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2085-7. [PMID: 25692481 DOI: 10.1021/ic5028724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gd(3+) chelates of macrocyclic bifunctional chelators (BFCs) can differentiate into two regioisomers: corner and side. These isomers afford different orientations of chelate relative to conjugate. These differences alter the self-assembly, tumbling, and effectiveness as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents of the two biphenyl conjugate isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Webber
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , 1719 SW 10th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
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11
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Zhang W, Lu C, Zhao G, Zhang J, Fang X, Wang P, Fang X, Xu J, Yang W. A Tetranuclear Gadolinium(III) Macrocyclic Complex: Towards High Relaxivity with the Rigid Linkers for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201400397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Hu XY, Peng S, Guo DS, Ding F, Liu Y. Molecular recognition of amphiphilic p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene with organic ammoniums. Supramol Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2014.967242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Shu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Fei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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13
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Amirov RR, Burilova EA, Ziyatdinova AB, Zhuravleva YI, Stoikov II, Antipin IS. Complex formation of MnII with tetra(p-tert-butyl)thiacalix[4]arene acid in aqueous solutions of surfactants and polymers. Russ Chem Bull 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-014-0415-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Boros E, Karimi S, Kenton N, Helm L, Caravan P. Gd(DOTAlaP): exploring the boundaries of fast water exchange in gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6985-94. [PMID: 24922178 PMCID: PMC4095929 DOI: 10.1021/ic5008928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Here,
we describe the synthesis of the single amino acid chelator DOTAlaP
and four of its derivatives. The corresponding gadolinium(III) complexes
were investigated for their kinetic inertness, relaxometric properties
at a range of fields and temperatures, water exchange rate, and interaction
with human serum albumin (HSA). Derivatives with one inner-sphere
water (q = 1) were determined to have a mean water
residency time between 8 and 6 ns in phoshate-buffered saline at 37
°C. The corresponding europium complexes were also formed and
used to obtain information on the hydration number of the corresponding
coordination complexes. Two complexes capable of binding HSA were
also synthesized, of which one, Gd(5b), contains no inner-sphere
water, while the other derivative, Gd(4b), is a mixture
of ca. 15% q =1 and 85% q = 0. In
the presence of HSA, the latter displayed a very short mean water
residency time (τM310 = 2.4 ns) and enhanced
relaxivity at intermediate and high fields. The kinetic inertness
of Gd(4b) with respect to complex dissociation was decreased
compared to its DOTAla analogue but still 100-fold more inert than
[Gd(BOPTA)(H2O)]2–. Magnetic resonance
imaging in mice showed that Gd(4b) was able to provide
38% better vessel to muscle contrast compared to the clinically used
HSA binding agent MS-325. Converting one
of the acetate groups in the single amino acid chelator DOTAla to
methylenephosphonate (DOTAlaP) results in gadolinium(III) complexes
with extremely fast water exchange kinetics and/or in equilibrium
between monoaquated (q = 1) and unaquated (q = 0) states. The presence of phosphonate and the very
fast water exchange kinetics result in stable complexes with high
relaxivity at high magnetic fields, especially when bound to serum
albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Boros
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite 2301, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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15
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Khutia A, Shen WZ, Das N, Sanz Miguel PJ, Lippert B. Rationalizing the formation and versatility of multinuclear metal complexes of bis(1-methyluracil-5-yl)methane as hybrids between classical calix[n]arenes and metallacalixaromatics. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Avedano S, Botta M, Haigh JS, Longo D, Woods M. Coupling fast water exchange to slow molecular tumbling in Gd3+ chelates: why faster is not always better. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8436-50. [PMID: 23841587 PMCID: PMC3769110 DOI: 10.1021/ic400308a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of dynamics on solution state structure is a widely overlooked consideration in chemistry. Variations in Gd(3+) chelate hydration with changing coordination geometry and dissociative water exchange kinetics substantially impact the effectiveness (or relaxivity) of monohydrated Gd(3+) chelates as T1-shortening contrast agents for MRI. Theory shows that relaxivity is highly dependent upon the Gd(3+)-water proton distance (rGdH), and yet this distance is almost never considered as a variable in assessing the relaxivity of a Gd(3+) chelate as a potential contrast agent. The consequence of this omission can be seen when considering the relaxivity of isomeric Gd(3+) chelates that exhibit different dissociative water exchange kinetics. The results described herein show that the relaxivity of a chelate with "optimal" dissociative water exchange kinetics is actually lower than that of an isomeric chelate with "suboptimal" dissociative water exchange. When the rate of molecular tumbling of these chelates is slowed, an approach that has long been understood to increase relaxivity, the observed difference in relaxivity is increased with the more rapidly exchanging ("optimal") chelate exhibiting lower relaxivity than the "suboptimally" exchanging isomer. The difference between the chelates arises from a non-field-dependent parameter: either the hydration number (q) or rGdH. For solution state Gd(3+) chelates, changes in the values of q and rGdH are indistinguishable. These parametric expressions simply describe the hydration state of the chelate--i.e., the number and position of closely associating water molecules. The hydration state (q/rGdH(6)) of a chelate is intrinsically linked to its dissociative water exchange rate kex, and the interrelation of these parameters must be considered when examining the relaxivity of Gd(3+) chelates. The data presented herein indicate that the changes in the hydration parameter (q/rGdH(6)) associated with changing dissociative water exchange kinetics has a profound effect on relaxivity and suggest that achieving the highest relaxivities in monohydrated Gd(3+) chelates is more complicated than simply "optimizing" dissociative water exchange kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Avedano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Julian S. Haigh
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Dario Longo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze della Salute and Molecular Imaging Center, Università di Torino, Via Nizza 52, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Mark Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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17
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Luchinat C, Parigi G, Ravera E. Water and Protein Dynamics in Sedimented Systems: A Relaxometric Investigation. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3156-61. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Bonnet CS, Tóth É. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470661345.smc104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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20
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Schühle DT, Peters JA, Schatz J. Metal binding calixarenes with potential biomimetic and biomedical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Bhuniya S, Moon H, Lee H, Hong KS, Lee S, Yu DY, Kim JS. Uridine-based paramagnetic supramolecular nanoaggregate with high relaxivity capable of detecting primitive liver tumor lesions. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6533-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Kielar F, Tei L, Terreno E, Botta M. Large relaxivity enhancement of paramagnetic lipid nanoparticles by restricting the local motions of the Gd(III) chelates. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:7836-7. [PMID: 20481537 DOI: 10.1021/ja101518v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A Gd(III)-DOTA-like complex bearing two aliphatic chains on adjacent acetic arms was designed, synthesized, and compared with its analogous monofunctionalized complex. A 1/T(1) NMR relaxometric study of the two amphiphilic complexes incorporated into micelles and liposomes showed an unprecedented relaxivity enhancement for the complex with two lipophilic side arms. This remarkable result, which is attributed to a favorable water exchange rate and increased rigidity of the system resulting from limiting of the local motion of the gadolinium center, represents an important advance in the development of highly efficient nanosystems for MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Kielar
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell' Ambiente e della Vita, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Alessandria, Italy
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23
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24
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Zhong S, Pochan DJ. Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy for Direct Observation of Polymer and Small-Molecule Materials and Structures in Solution. POLYM REV 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2010.493254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Schühle DT, van Rijn P, Laurent S, Vander Elst L, Muller RN, Stuart MCA, Schatz J, Peters JA. Liposomes with conjugates of a calix[4]arene and a Gd-DOTA derivative on the outside surface; an efficient potential contrast agent for MRI. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:4399-401. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00107d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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26
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Schühle DT, Polášek M, Lukeš I, Chauvin T, Tóth É, Schatz J, Hanefeld U, Stuart MCA, Peters JA. Densely packed Gd(iii)-chelates with fast water exchange on a calix[4]arene scaffold: a potential MRI contrast agent. Dalton Trans 2010:185-91. [DOI: 10.1039/b917673j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Helttunen K, Shahgaldian P. Self-assembly of amphiphilic calixarenes and resorcinarenes in water. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00123f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Borsi V, Luchinat C, Parigi G. Global and local mobility of apocalmodulin monitored through fast-field cycling relaxometry. Biophys J 2009; 97:1765-71. [PMID: 19751682 PMCID: PMC2749786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Revised: 06/27/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous eukaryotic protein with two conformationally independent domains that can bind up to two calcium ions each. In the calcium-bound state, CaM is able to regulate a vast number of cellular activities by binding to a multiplicity of target proteins in different modes. Its versatility has been ascribed to its anomalously high flexibility. The calcium-free form (apoCaM), which is the resting state of CaM in cells, is also able to functionally bind a number of protein targets, but its dynamics has received less attention. At variance with the calcium-bound form, the crystal structure of apoCaM shows a compact organization of the two domains, but NMR measurements could not detect any contact between them, thus indicating the presence of mobility in solution. The mobility of apoCaM is here investigated through protein proton relaxation rate measurements performed with a high-sensitivity fast-field cycling relaxometer. Such measurements provide direct access to the spectral density function and show that 1), the reorientation time is in agreement with a closed form of the protein; but 2), the collective order parameter is much smaller than for other well folded compact proteins, indicating that a remarkably large side-chain mobility must be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Borsi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Parigi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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