1
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Lanfranco A, Rakhshan S, Alberti D, Renzi P, Zarechian A, Protti N, Altieri S, Crich SG, Deagostino A. Combining BNCT with carbonic anhydrase inhibition for mesothelioma treatment: Synthesis, in vitro, in vivo studies of ureidosulfamido carboranes. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116334. [PMID: 38552427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Mesothelioma is a malignant neoplasm of mesothelial cells caused by exposure to asbestos. The average survival time after diagnosis is usually nine/twelve months. A multi-therapeutic approach is therefore required to treat and prevent recurrence. Boronated derivatives containing a carborane cage, a sulfamido group and an ureido functionality (CA-USF) have been designed, synthesised and tested, in order to couple Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) and the inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs), which are overexpressed in many tumours. In vitro studies showed greater inhibition than the reference drug acetazolamide (AZ). To increase solubility in aqueous media, CA-USFs were used as inclusion complexes of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in all the inhibition and cell experiments. BNCT experiments carried out on AB22 (murine mesothelioma) cell lines showed a marked inhibition of cell proliferation by CA-USFs, and in one case a complete inhibition of proliferation twenty days after neutron irradiation. Finally, in vivo neutron irradiation experiments on a mouse model of mesothelioma demonstrated the efficiency of combining CA IX inhibition and BNCT treatment. Indeed, a greater reduction in tumour mass was observed in treated mice compared to untreated mice, with a significant higher effect when combined with BNCT. For in vivo experiments CA-USFs were administered as inclusion complexes of higher molecular weight β-CD polymers thus increasing the selective extravasation into tumour tissue and reducing clearance. In this way, boron uptake was maximised and CA-USFs demonstrated to be in vivo well tolerated at a therapeutic dose. The therapeutic strategy herein described could be expanded to other cancers with increased CA IX activity, such as melanoma, glioma, and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lanfranco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria, 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Sahar Rakhshan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Polyssena Renzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria, 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Ayda Zarechian
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria, 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
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2
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Mistretta M, Fiorito V, Allocco AL, Ammirata G, Hsu MY, Digiovanni S, Belicchi M, Napoli L, Ripolone M, Trombetta E, Mauri P, Farini A, Meregalli M, Villa C, Porporato PE, Miniscalco B, Crich SG, Riganti C, Torrente Y, Tolosano E. Flvcr1a deficiency promotes heme-based energy metabolism dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113854. [PMID: 38412099 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The definition of cell metabolic profile is essential to ensure skeletal muscle fiber heterogeneity and to achieve a proper equilibrium between the self-renewal and commitment of satellite stem cells. Heme sustains several biological functions, including processes profoundly implicated with cell metabolism. The skeletal muscle is a significant heme-producing body compartment, but the consequences of impaired heme homeostasis on this tissue have been poorly investigated. Here, we generate a skeletal-muscle-specific feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor 1a (FLVCR1a) knockout mouse model and show that, by sustaining heme synthesis, FLVCR1a contributes to determine the energy phenotype in skeletal muscle cells and to modulate satellite cell differentiation and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Mistretta
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Fiorito
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Allocco
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ammirata
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Myriam Y Hsu
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Sabrina Digiovanni
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Napoli
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Trombetta
- Flow Cytometry Service, Clinical Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - PierLuigi Mauri
- National Research Council of Italy, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, ITB-CNR, 20054 Segrate, Milan, Italy; Clinical Proteomics Laboratory c/o ITB-CNR, CNR.Biomics Infrastructure, ElixirNextGenIT, 20054 Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Farini
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirella Meregalli
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Miniscalco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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3
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Alberti D, Thiaudiere E, Parzy E, Elkhanoufi S, Rakhshan S, Stefania R, Massot P, Mellet P, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. 4-Amino-TEMPO loaded liposomes as sensitive EPR and OMRI probes for the detection of phospholipase A2 activity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13725. [PMID: 37608036 PMCID: PMC10444830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims at developing a diagnostic method based on Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements of stable nitroxide radicals released from "EPR silent" liposomes. The liposome destabilisation and consequent radical release is enzymatically triggered by the action of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) present in the biological sample of interest. PLA2 are involved in a broad range of processes, and changes in their activity may be considered as a unique valuable biomarker for early diagnoses. The minimum amount of PLA2 measured "in vitro" was 0.09 U/mL. Moreover, the liposomes were successfully used to perform Overhauser-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (OMRI) in vitro at 0.2 T. The amount of radicals released by PLA2 driven liposome destabilization was sufficient to generate a well detectable contrast enhancement in the corresponding OMRI image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Eric Thiaudiere
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Parzy
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabrina Elkhanoufi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Sahar Rakhshan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Philippe Massot
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Mellet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Silvio Aime
- IRCCS SDN SYNLAB, Via Gianturco 113, Naples, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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4
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Clemente N, Baroni S, Fiorilla S, Tasso F, Reano S, Borsotti C, Ruggiero MR, Alchera E, Corrazzari M, Walker G, Follenzi A, Crich SG, Carini R. Boosting intracellular sodium selectively kills hepatocarcinoma cells and induces hepatocellular carcinoma tumor shrinkage in mice. Commun Biol 2023; 6:574. [PMID: 37248274 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a partial efficacy. Augmented Na+ content and water retention are observed in human cancers and offer unexplored targets for anticancer therapies. Na+ levels are evaluated upon treatments with the antibiotic cation ionophore Monensin by fluorimetry, ICP-MS, 23Na-MRI, NMR relaxometry, confocal or time-lapse analysis related to energy production, water fluxes and cell death, employing both murine and human HCC cell lines, primary murine hepatocytes, or HCC allografts in NSG mice. Na+ levels of HCC cells and tissue are 8-10 times higher than that of healthy hepatocytes and livers. Monensin further increases Na+ levels in HCC cells and in HCC allografts but not in primary hepatocytes and in normal hepatic and extrahepatic tissue. The Na+ increase is associated with energy depletion, mitochondrial Na+ load and inhibition of O2 consumption. The Na+ increase causes an enhancement of the intracellular water lifetime and death of HCC cells, and a regression and necrosis of allograft tumors, without affecting the proliferating activity of either HCCs or healthy tissues. These observations indicate that HCC cells are, unlike healthy cells, energetically incapable of compensating and surviving a pharmacologically induced Na+ load, highlighting Na+ homeostasis as druggable target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausicaa Clemente
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Simone Fiorilla
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Tasso
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simone Reano
- Department of Department of Translational Medicine, Unit of Muscle Biology, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Borsotti
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Alchera
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Corrazzari
- Department of Health Science and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Disease (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Gillian Walker
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Antonia Follenzi
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Rita Carini
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy.
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5
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Sforzi J, Lanfranco A, Stefania R, Alberti D, Bitonto V, Parisotto S, Renzi P, Protti N, Altieri S, Deagostino A, Geninatti Crich S. A novel pH sensitive theranostic PLGA nanoparticle for boron neutron capture therapy in mesothelioma treatment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:620. [PMID: 36635364 PMCID: PMC9837127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles with an innovative imaging-guided approach based on Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for the treatment of mesothelioma. The herein-reported results demonstrate that PLGA nanoparticles incorporating oligo-histidine chains and the dual Gd/B theranostic agent AT101 can successfully be exploited to deliver a therapeutic dose of boron to mesothelioma cells, significantly higher than in healthy mesothelial cells as assessed by ICP-MS and MRI. The selective release is pH responsive taking advantage of the slightly acidic pH of the tumour extracellular environment and triggered by the protonation of imidazole groups of histidine. After irradiation with thermal neutrons, tumoral and healthy cells survival and clonogenic ability were evaluated. Obtained results appear very promising, providing patients affected by this rare disease with an improved therapeutic option, exploiting PLGA nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Sforzi
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Lanfranco
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- grid.16563.370000000121663741Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Bitonto
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Parisotto
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Polyssena Renzi
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy ,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy ,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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6
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Lanfranco A, Alberti D, Parisotto S, Renzi P, Lecomte V, Geninatti Crich S, Deagostino A. Biotinylation of a MRI/Gd BNCT theranostic agent to access a novel tumour-targeted delivery system. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5342-5354. [PMID: 35748589 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00764a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new biotin based BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy)-MRI theranostic is here reported (Gd-AL01) in order to exploit the high tumour specificity of biotin and the selectivity of BNCT in a synergistic manner. The key is the preparation of an intermediate where an o-carborane is linked to two amino groups orthogonally protected via the exploitation of two consecutive Mitsunobu reactions. The aim is its functionalisation in two different steps with biotin as the biological vector and Gd-DOTA as the MRI probe and GdNCT agent. Cell uptake was evaluated on HeLa tumour cells overexpressing biotin receptors. The internalised boron is proportional to the concentration of the theranostic agent incubated in the presence of cells. A maximum value of 77 ppm is reached and a well detectable signal intensity increase in the T1 weighted image of HeLa cells was observed, differently from clinically used GdHPDO3A, where no contrast is detected. These excellent results indicate that Gd-AL01 can be applied as a theranostic probe in BNCT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lanfranco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Parisotto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Polyssena Renzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Valentin Lecomte
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
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7
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Aime S, Longo DL, Reineri F, Geninatti Crich S. New tools to investigate tumor metabolism by NMR/MRI. J Magn Reson 2022; 338:107198. [PMID: 35339957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Changes in metabolism is an hallmark that characterizes tumour cells from healthy ones. Their detection can be highly relevant for staging the tumor and for monitoring the response to therapeutic treatments. Herein it is shown the readout of these changes can be achieved either by assessing the pH of the extracellular space in the tumour region and by monitoring real time transformations of hyperpolarized C-13 labelled substrates. Mapping pH in a MR image is possible by measuring the CEST response of an administered contrast agent such as Iopamidol that can provide accurate measurements of the heterogeneity of tumour acidosis. Direct detection of relevant enzymatic activities have been acquired by using Pyruvate and Fumarate hyperpolarized by the incorporation of a molecule of para-H2. Finally, it has been found that the tumour transformation involves an increase in the water exchange rate between the intra- and the extra-cellular compartments. A quantitative estimation of these changes can be obtained by acquiring the longitudinal relaxation times of tissue water protons at low magnetic field strength on Fast Field Cycling Relaxometers. This finding has been exploited in an application devoted to the assessment of the presence of residual tumour tissue in the margins of the resected mass in breast conservative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
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8
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Wyart E, Hsu MY, Sartori R, Mina E, Rausch V, Pierobon ES, Mezzanotte M, Pezzini C, Bindels LB, Lauria A, Penna F, Hirsch E, Martini M, Mazzone M, Roetto A, Geninatti Crich S, Prenen H, Sandri M, Menga A, Porporato PE. Iron supplementation is sufficient to rescue skeletal muscle mass and function in cancer cachexia. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53746. [PMID: 35199910 PMCID: PMC8982578 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a wasting syndrome characterized by devastating skeletal muscle atrophy that dramatically increases mortality in various diseases, most notably in cancer patients with a penetrance of up to 80%. Knowledge regarding the mechanism of cancer-induced cachexia remains very scarce, making cachexia an unmet medical need. In this study, we discovered strong alterations of iron metabolism in the skeletal muscle of both cancer patients and tumor-bearing mice, characterized by decreased iron availability in mitochondria. We found that modulation of iron levels directly influences myotube size in vitro and muscle mass in otherwise healthy mice. Furthermore, iron supplementation was sufficient to preserve both muscle function and mass, prolong survival in tumor-bearing mice, and even rescues strength in human subjects within an unexpectedly short time frame. Importantly, iron supplementation refuels mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and energy production. Overall, our findings provide new mechanistic insights in cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting, and support targeting iron metabolism as a potential therapeutic option for muscle wasting diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Wyart
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Myriam Y Hsu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Mina
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Rausch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa S Pierobon
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariarosa Mezzanotte
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Camilla Pezzini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrea Lauria
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonella Roetto
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Hans Prenen
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessio Menga
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Ghigo A, Murabito A, Sala V, Pisano AR, Bertolini S, Gianotti A, Caci E, Montresor A, Premchandar A, Pirozzi F, Ren K, Sala AD, Mergiotti M, Richter W, de Poel E, Matthey M, Caldrer S, Cardone RA, Civiletti F, Costamagna A, Quinney NL, Butnarasu C, Visentin S, Ruggiero MR, Baroni S, Crich SG, Ramel D, Laffargue M, Tocchetti CG, Levi R, Conti M, Lu XY, Melotti P, Sorio C, De Rose V, Facchinetti F, Fanelli V, Wenzel D, Fleischmann BK, Mall MA, Beekman J, Laudanna C, Gentzsch M, Lukacs GL, Pedemonte N, Hirsch E. A PI3Kγ mimetic peptide triggers CFTR gating, bronchodilation, and reduced inflammation in obstructive airway diseases. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl6328. [PMID: 35353541 PMCID: PMC9869178 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl6328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-elevating agents, such as β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) agonists and phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, remain a mainstay in the treatment of obstructive respiratory diseases, conditions characterized by airway constriction, inflammation, and mucus hypersecretion. However, their clinical use is limited by unwanted side effects because of unrestricted cAMP elevation in the airways and in distant organs. Here, we identified the A-kinase anchoring protein phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) as a critical regulator of a discrete cAMP signaling microdomain activated by β2-ARs in airway structural and inflammatory cells. Displacement of the PI3Kγ-anchored pool of protein kinase A (PKA) by an inhaled, cell-permeable, PI3Kγ mimetic peptide (PI3Kγ MP) inhibited a pool of subcortical PDE4B and PDE4D and safely increased cAMP in the lungs, leading to airway smooth muscle relaxation and reduced neutrophil infiltration in a murine model of asthma. In human bronchial epithelial cells, PI3Kγ MP induced unexpected cAMP and PKA elevations restricted to the vicinity of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the ion channel controlling mucus hydration that is mutated in cystic fibrosis (CF). PI3Kγ MP promoted the phosphorylation of wild-type CFTR on serine-737, triggering channel gating, and rescued the function of F508del-CFTR, the most prevalent CF mutant, by enhancing the effects of existing CFTR modulators. These results unveil PI3Kγ as the regulator of a β2-AR/cAMP microdomain central to smooth muscle contraction, immune cell activation, and epithelial fluid secretion in the airways, suggesting the use of a PI3Kγ MP for compartment-restricted, therapeutic cAMP elevation in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy,Kither Biotech S.r.l.; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Murabito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Sala
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy,Kither Biotech S.r.l.; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Pisano
- Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D; 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Serena Bertolini
- Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D; 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Ambra Gianotti
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini; 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Caci
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini; 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessio Montresor
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy,Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Laboratory "Daniele Lissandrini," Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Flora Pirozzi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University; 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Kai Ren
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Della Sala
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Mergiotti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Wito Richter
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine; AL 36688 Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Eyleen de Poel
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michaela Matthey
- Department of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum; 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sara Caldrer
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy,Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Laboratory "Daniele Lissandrini," Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rosa A. Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari; 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Civiletti
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Costamagna
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Nancy L. Quinney
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina; NC 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cosmin Butnarasu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Sonja Visentin
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Damien Ramel
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Paul Sabatier University; 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Laffargue
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Paul Sabatier University; 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Carlo G. Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University; 80131 Naples, Italy,Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Federico II University; 80131 Naples, Italy,Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University; 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Renzo Levi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Conti
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco; CA 94143 San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Xiao-Yun Lu
- School of life Science & Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University; 710049 Xi'an Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Paola Melotti
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona; 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Sorio
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy,Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Laboratory "Daniele Lissandrini," Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Virginia De Rose
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Vito Fanelli
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Wenzel
- Department of Systems Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum; 44801 Bochum, Germany,Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn; 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd K. Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn; 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; 10117 Berlin, Germany,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner; 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeffrey Beekman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Laudanna
- Division of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy,Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Laboratory "Daniele Lissandrini," Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine; 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Martina Gentzsch
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina; NC 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of North Carolina; NC 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gergely L. Lukacs
- Department of Physiology, McGill University; H3G 1Y6 Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino; 10126 Torino, Italy,Kither Biotech S.r.l.; 10126 Torino, Italy
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Elkhanoufi S, Stefania R, Alberti D, Baroni S, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. Highly Sensitive “Off/On” EPR Probes to Monitor Enzymatic Activity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104563. [PMID: 35175676 PMCID: PMC9314618 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of unregulated level of enzyme activity is a crucial parameter for early diagnoses in a wide range of pathologies. In this study, we propose the use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) as an easy method to probe carboxylesterase (CE) enzymatic activity in vitro. For this application, were synthesized two amphiphilic, nitroxide containing esters, namely Tempo‐C12 (T‐C12) and Tempo‐2‐C12 (T‐2‐C12). They exhibit low solubility in water and form stable micelles in which the radicals are EPR almost silent, but the hydrolysis of the ester bond yields narrows and intense EPR signals. The intensity of the EPR signals is proportional to the enzymatic activity. CEs1, CEs2 and esterase from porcine liver (PLE) were investigated. The obtained results show that T‐C12 and T‐2‐C12‐containing systems display a much higher selectivity toward the CEs2, with a Limit of Detection of the same order of those ones obtained with optical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Elkhanoufi
- University of Torino Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- University of Torino Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- University of Torino Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Simona Baroni
- University of Torino Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- University of Torino Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- University of Torino Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
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11
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Nuez-Martinez M, Pinto CIG, Guerreiro JF, Mendes F, Marques F, Muñoz-Juan A, Xavier JAM, Laromaine A, Bitonto V, Protti N, Crich SG, Teixidor F, Viñas C. Cobaltabis(dicarbollide) ([ o-COSAN] -) as Multifunctional Chemotherapeutics: A Prospective Application in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6367. [PMID: 34944987 PMCID: PMC8699431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to assess if the sodium salt of cobaltabis(dicarbollide) and its di-iodinated derivative (Na[o-COSAN] and Na[8,8'-I2-o-COSAN]) could be promising agents for dual anti-cancer treatment (chemotherapy + BNCT) for GBM. METHODS The biological activities of the small molecules were evaluated in vitro with glioblastoma cells lines U87 and T98G in 2D and 3D cell models and in vivo in the small model animal Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) at the L4-stage and using the eggs. RESULTS Our studies indicated that only spheroids from the U87 cell line have impaired growth after treatment with both compounds, suggesting an increased resistance from T98G spheroids, contrary to what was observed in the monolayer culture, which highlights the need to employ 3D models for future GBM studies. In vitro tests in U87 and T98G cells conclude that the amount of 10B inside the cells is enough for BNCT irradiation. BNCT becomes more effective on T98G after their incubation with Na[8,8'-I2-o-COSAN], whereas no apparent cell-killing effect was observed for untreated cells. CONCLUSIONS These small molecules, particularly [8,8'-I2-o-COSAN]-, are serious candidates for BNCT now that the facilities of accelerator-based neutron sources are more accessible, providing an alternative treatment for resistant glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Nuez-Martinez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.N.-M.); (A.M.-J.); (J.A.M.X.); (A.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Catarina I. G. Pinto
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (C.I.G.P.); (J.F.G.); (F.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Joana F. Guerreiro
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (C.I.G.P.); (J.F.G.); (F.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Filipa Mendes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (C.I.G.P.); (J.F.G.); (F.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal; (C.I.G.P.); (J.F.G.); (F.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Amanda Muñoz-Juan
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.N.-M.); (A.M.-J.); (J.A.M.X.); (A.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Jewel Ann Maria Xavier
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.N.-M.); (A.M.-J.); (J.A.M.X.); (A.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Anna Laromaine
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.N.-M.); (A.M.-J.); (J.A.M.X.); (A.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Valeria Bitonto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (S.G.C.)
| | | | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.N.-M.); (A.M.-J.); (J.A.M.X.); (A.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.N.-M.); (A.M.-J.); (J.A.M.X.); (A.L.); (F.T.)
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12
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Ruggiero MR, Baroni S, Bitonto V, Ruiu R, Rapisarda S, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. Intracellular Water Lifetime as a Tumor Biomarker to Monitor Doxorubicin Treatment via FFC-Relaxometry in a Breast Cancer Model. Front Oncol 2021; 11:778823. [PMID: 34926288 PMCID: PMC8678130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.778823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore whether the water exchange rate constants in tumor cells can act as a hallmark of pathology status and a reporter of therapeutic outcomes. It has been shown, using 4T1 cell cultures and murine allografts, that an early assessment of the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin can be detected through changes in the cellular water efflux rate constant kio. The latter has been estimated by analyzing the magnetization recovery curve in standard NMR T1 measurements when there is a marked difference in the proton relaxation rate constants (R1) between the intra- and the extra-cellular compartments. In cellular studies, T1 measurements were carried out on a relaxometer working at 0.5 T, and the required difference in R1 between the two compartments was achieved via the addition of a paramagnetic agent into the extracellular compartment. For in-vivo experiments, the large difference in the R1 values of the two-compartments was achieved when the T1 measurements were carried out at low magnetic field strengths. This task was accomplished using a Fast Field Cycling (FFC) relaxometer that was properly modified to host a mouse in its probe head. The decrease in kio upon the administration of doxorubicin is the result of the decreased activity of Na+/K+-ATPase, as shown in an independent test on the cellular uptake of Rb ions. The results reported herein suggest that kio can be considered a non-invasive, early and predictive biomarker for the identification of responsive patients immediately from the first doxorubicin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Bitonto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Ruiu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Smeralda Rapisarda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Simonetta Geninatti Crich,
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13
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Bitonto V, Ruggiero MR, Pittaro A, Castellano I, Bussone R, Broche LM, Lurie DJ, Aime S, Baroni S, Geninatti Crich S. Low-Field NMR Relaxometry for Intraoperative Tumour Margin Assessment in Breast-Conserving Surgery. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164141. [PMID: 34439294 PMCID: PMC8392401 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer for women, and clear surgical margins in breast-conserving surgery (BCS) are essential for preventing recurrence. In this study, the potential of fast field-cycling 1H-NMR relaxometry as a new tool for intraoperative margin assessment was evaluated. The technique allows the determination of the tissue proton relaxation rates as a function of the applied magnetic field on small tissue samples excised from surgical specimens, at the margins of tumour resection, prior to histopathological analysis. It was found that a good accuracy in margin assessment, i.e., a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 85%, can be achieved. The discriminating ability shown by the relaxometric assay relies mainly on the difference of fat/water content between healthy and tumour cells. The information obtained has the potential to support the surgeon in real-time margin assessment during BCS. Abstract As conserving surgery is routinely applied for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer, the need for new technology to improve intraoperative margin assessment has become increasingly important. In this study, the potential of fast field-cycling 1H-NMR relaxometry as a new diagnostic tool was evaluated. The technique allows the determination of the tissue proton relaxation rates (R1), as a function of the applied magnetic field, which are affected by the changes in the composition of the mammary gland tissue occurring during the development of neoplasia. The study involved 104 small tissue samples obtained from surgical specimens destined for histopathology. It was found that a good accuracy in margin assessment, i.e., a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 85%, can be achieved by using two quantifiers, namely (i) the slope of the line joining the R1 values measured at 0.02 and 1 MHz and (ii) the sum of the R1 values measured at 0.39 and 1 MHz. The method is fast, and it does not rely on the expertise of a pathologist or cytologist. The obtained results suggest that a simplified, low-cost, automated instrument might compete well with the currently available tools in margin assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bitonto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (M.R.R.); (S.A.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (M.R.R.); (S.A.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Alessandra Pittaro
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.P.); (I.C.)
| | - Isabella Castellano
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.P.); (I.C.)
| | | | - Lionel M. Broche
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (L.M.B.); (D.J.L.)
| | - David J. Lurie
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (L.M.B.); (D.J.L.)
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (M.R.R.); (S.A.); (S.G.C.)
- IRCCS SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, 80143 Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (M.R.R.); (S.A.); (S.G.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (M.R.R.); (S.A.); (S.G.C.)
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14
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Rakhshan S, Alberti D, Stefania R, Bitonto V, Geninatti Crich S. LDL mediated delivery of Paclitaxel and MRI imaging probes for personalized medicine applications. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:208. [PMID: 34256774 PMCID: PMC8276427 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00955-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of imaging and therapeutic agents in the same smart nanoparticle is a promising option to perform a minimally invasive imaging guided therapy. In this study, Low density lipoproteins (LDL), one of the most attractive biodegradable and biocompatible nanoparticles, were used for the simultaneous delivery of Paclitaxel (PTX), a hydrophobic antitumour drug and an amphiphilic contrast agent, Gd-AAZTA-C17, in B16-F10 melanoma cell line. These cells overexpress LDL receptors, as assessed by flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS PTX and Gd-AAZTA-C17 loaded LDLs (LDL-PTX-Gd) have been prepared, characterized and their stability was assessed under 72 h incubation at 37 °C and compared to LDL loaded with Gd-AAZTA-C17 (LDL-Gd) and LDL-PTX. The cytotoxic effect of LDL-PTX-Gd was evaluated by MTT assay. The anti-tumour drug loaded into LDLs showed a significantly higher toxicity on B16-F10 cells with respect to the commercially available formulation Paclitaxel kabi (PTX Kabi) used in clinical applications. Tumour cells uptake was initially assessed by ICP-MS and MRI on B16-F10 cell line. By the analysis of the image signal intensity, it was possible to extrapolate the amount of internalized PTX indirectly by the decrease of relaxation times caused by Gd, proportional to its concentration. Finally, the treatment with PTX loaded LDL on B16-F10 tumour bearing mice resulted in a marked reduction of tumour growth compared to the administration of PTX Kabi alone. CONCLUSIONS LDLs are selectively taken-up by tumour cells and can be successfully exploited for the selective delivery of Paclitaxel and imaging agents. For the first time the anon invasive "in vivo" determination of the amount of PTX accumulated in the tumour was possible, thanks to the use of theranostic agents of natural origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rakhshan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Valeria Bitonto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy.
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15
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Martinelli J, Tei L, Geninatti Crich S, Alberti D, Djanashvili K. Towards Enhanced MRI Performance of Tumor-Specific Dimeric Phenylboronic Contrast Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061730. [PMID: 33808910 PMCID: PMC8003780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that phenylboronic acid (PBA) can target tumor tissues by binding to sialic acid, a substrate overexpressed by cancer cells. This capability has previously been explored in the design of targeting diagnostic probes such as Gd- and 68Ga-DOTA-EN-PBA, two contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), respectively, whose potential has already been demonstrated through in vivo experiments. In addition to its high resolution, the intrinsic low sensitivity of MRI stimulates the search for more effective contrast agents, which, in the case of small-molecular probes, basically narrows down to either increased tumbling time of the entire molecule or elevated local concentration of the paramagnetic ions, both strategies resulting in enhanced relaxivity, and consequently, a higher MRI contrast. The latter strategy can be achieved by the design of multimeric GdIII complexes. Based on the monomeric PBA-containing probes described recently, herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of the dimeric analogues (GdIII-DOTA-EN)2-PBA and (GdIII-DOTA-EN)2F2PBA. The presence of two Gd ions in one molecule clearly contributes to the improved biological performance, as demonstrated by the relaxometric study and cell-binding investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Martinelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands;
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Tei
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.G.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.G.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Kristina Djanashvili
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-15-278-9052
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16
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Nai A, Lidonnici MR, Federico G, Pettinato M, Olivari V, Carrillo F, Geninatti Crich S, Ferrari G, Camaschella C, Silvestri L, Carlomagno F. NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in macrophages is crucial to sustain erythropoiesis in mice. Haematologica 2021; 106:795-805. [PMID: 32107334 PMCID: PMC7928015 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.241232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) promotes ferritin degradation and Ncoa4-ko mice in a C57BL/6 background show microcytosis and mild anemia, aggravated by iron deficiency. To understand tissue-specific contributions of NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy we explored the effect of Ncoa4 genetic ablation in the iron-rich Sv129/J strain. Increased body iron content protects these mice from anemia and, in basal conditions, Sv129/J Ncoa4-ko mice show only microcytosis; nevertheless, when fed a low-iron diet they develop a more severe anemia compared to that of wild-type animals. Reciprocal bone marrow (BM) transplantation from wild-type donors into Ncoa4-ko and from Ncoa4-ko into wild-type mice revealed that microcytosis and susceptibility to iron deficiency anemia depend on BM-derived cells. Reconstitution of erythropoiesis with normalization of red blood count and hemoglobin concentration occurred at the same rate in transplanted animals independently of the genotype. Importantly, NCOA4 loss did not affect terminal erythropoiesis in iron deficiency, both in total and specific BM Ncoa4-ko animals compared to controls. On the contrary, upon a low iron diet, spleen from wild-type animals with Ncoa4-ko BM displayed marked iron retention compared to (wild-type BM) controls, indicating defective macrophage iron release in the former. Thus, erythropoietin administration failed to mobilize iron from stores in Ncoa4-ko animals. Furthermore, Ncoa4 inactivation in thalassemic mice did not worsen the hematologic phenotype. Overall our data reveal a major role for NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in macrophages to favor iron release for erythropoiesis, especially in iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Nai
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan
| | | | - Giorgia Federico
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medicine Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples
| | - Mariateresa Pettinato
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan
| | - Violante Olivari
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - Federica Carrillo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medicine Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples,Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples
| | | | - Giuliana Ferrari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan,SR-TIGET, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - Clara Camaschella
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - Laura Silvestri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan
| | - Francesca Carlomagno
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medicine Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples,Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples
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17
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Baroni S, Stefania R, Broche LM, Senn N, Lurie DJ, Ross PJ, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. A Novel Class of
1
H‐MRI Contrast Agents Based on the Relaxation Enhancement Induced on Water Protons by
14
N‐Containing Imidazole Moieties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Lionel M. Broche
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - Nicholas Senn
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - David J. Lurie
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - P. James Ross
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB) CNR via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
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18
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Tei L, Gugliotta G, Marchi D, Cossi M, Geninatti Crich S, Botta M. Optimizing the relaxivity at high fields: systematic variation of the rotational dynamics in polynuclear Gd-complexes based on the AAZTA ligand. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00904d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A homogeneous series of polynuclear Gd-complexes (n = 1–8) based on a stable and bis-hydrated [Gd(AAZTA)]− chelate shows high relaxivity values at high fields (1.5–7 T), per Gd, particularly pronounced for the more rigid and compact members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gugliotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Davide Marchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center, Università di Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica and Magnetic Resonance Platform (PRISMA-UPO), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
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19
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Di Gregorio E, Bitonto V, Baroni S, Stefania R, Aime S, Broche LM, Senn N, Ross PJ, Lurie DJ, Geninatti Crich S. Monitoring tissue implants by field-cycling 1H-MRI via the detection of changes in the 14N-quadrupolar-peak from imidazole moieties incorporated in a "smart" scaffold material. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4863-4872. [PMID: 34095943 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00775k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study is focused on the development of innovative sensors to non-invasively monitor the tissue implant status by Fast-Field-Cycling Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FFC-MRI). These sensors are based on oligo-histidine moieties that are conjugated to PLGA polymers representing the structural matrix for cells hosting scaffolds. The presence of 14N atoms of histidine causes a quadrupolar relaxation enhancement (also called Quadrupolar Peak, QP) at 1.39 MHz. This QP falls at a frequency well distinct from the QPs generated by endogenous semisolid proteins. The relaxation enhancement is pH dependent in the range 6.5-7.5, thus it acts as a reporter of the scaffold integrity as it progressively degrades upon lowering the microenvironmental pH. The ability of this new sensors to generate contrast in an image obtained at 1.39 MHz on a FFC-MRI scanner is assessed. A good biocompatibility of the histidine-containing scaffolds is observed after its surgical implantation in healthy mice. Over time the scaffold is colonized by endogenous fibroblasts and this process is accompanied by a progressive decrease of the intensity of the relaxation peak. In respect to the clinically used contrast agents this material has the advantage of generating contrast without the use of potentially toxic paramagnetic metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy.
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20
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Baroni S, Stefania R, Broche LM, Senn N, Lurie DJ, Ross PJ, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. A Novel Class of
1
H‐MRI Contrast Agents Based on the Relaxation Enhancement Induced on Water Protons by
14
N‐Containing Imidazole Moieties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:4208-4214. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Lionel M. Broche
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - Nicholas Senn
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - David J. Lurie
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - P. James Ross
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre University of Aberdeen Foresterhill AB25 2ZD Aberdeen UK
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB) CNR via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 10126 Torino Italy
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21
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Alberti D, Michelotti A, Lanfranco A, Protti N, Altieri S, Deagostino A, Geninatti Crich S. In vitro and in vivo BNCT investigations using a carborane containing sulfonamide targeting CAIX epitopes on malignant pleural mesothelioma and breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19274. [PMID: 33159147 PMCID: PMC7648750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims at merging the therapeutic effects associated to the inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX), an essential enzyme overexpressed by cancer cells including mesothelioma and breast cancer, with those ones brought by the application of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). This task was pursued by designing a sulfonamido-functionalised-carborane (CA-SF) that acts simultaneously as CAIX inhibitor and boron delivery agent. The CAIX expression, measured by Western blot analysis, resulted high in both mesothelioma and breast tumours. This finding was exploited for the delivery of a therapeutic dose of boron (> 20 μg/g) to the cancer cells. The synergic cytotoxic effects operated by the enzymatic inhibition and neutron irradiation was evaluated in vitro on ZL34, AB22 and MCF7 cancer cells. Next, an in vivo model was prepared by subcutaneous injection of AB22 cells in Balb/c mice and CA-SF was administered as inclusion complex with a β-cyclodextrin oligomer. After irradiation with thermal neutrons tumour growth was evaluated for 25 days by MRI. The obtained results appear very promising as the tumour growth was definitively markedly lower in comparison to controls and the CAIX inhibitor alone. This approach appears promising and it call consideration for the design of new therapeutic routes to cure patients affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Michelotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Lanfranco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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22
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Sforzi J, Ferrauto G, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. A Simple and Fast Assay Based on Carboxyfluorescein-Loaded Liposome for Quantitative DNA Detection. ACS Omega 2020; 5:1764-1772. [PMID: 32039311 PMCID: PMC7003241 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of an innovative and easy way to run assays for the quantitative detection of DNA present in biological fluids (i.e., blood, urine, and saliva) is of great interest for early diagnosis (e.g., tumors) and personalized medicine. Herein, a new quantitative assay based on the use of highly sensitive carboxyfluorescein-loaded liposomes as signal amplification systems is reported. The method has been tested for the detection of low amounts of DNA sequences. The reported proof of concept exploits a target DNA molecule as a linker between two complementary oligonucleotides. One oligonucleotide is biotinylated at its 3' end and binds to streptavidin-coupled magnetic beads, whereas the other one is conjugated to a cholesterol molecule incorporated in the phospholipidic bilayer of the fluorescent liposomes. In the presence of the target fragment, the correct formation of a construct takes place as witnessed by a strong fluorescence signal, amplified by dissolving lipidic nanoparticles with Triton X-100. The system is able to detect specific nucleotide sequences with a very low detection threshold of target DNA (tens of picomolar). The assay allows the detection of both single- and double-stranded DNA. Studies performed in human blood serum show the correct assembling of the probe but with a reduction of limit of detection (up to ∼1 nM). This liposome signal amplification strategy could be used not only for the detection of DNA but also for other nucleic acids (mRNA; microRNA) that are difficult to be quantified by currently available protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Sforzi
- Molecular
Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and IBB-CNR, c/o
Molecular Biotechnology Center, University
of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Molecular
Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and IBB-CNR, c/o
Molecular Biotechnology Center, University
of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular
Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and IBB-CNR, c/o
Molecular Biotechnology Center, University
of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Molecular
Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences and IBB-CNR, c/o
Molecular Biotechnology Center, University
of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
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23
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Teixeira RG, Marques F, Robalo MP, Fontrodona X, Garcia MH, Geninatti Crich S, Viñas C, Valente A. Ruthenium carboranyl complexes with 2,2′-bipyridine derivatives for potential bimodal therapy application. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16266-16276. [PMID: 35498822 PMCID: PMC9053089 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The substituents at the bipyridine lead to different cell uptake and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo G. Teixeira
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 2695-006 Bobadela LRS
- Portugal
| | - M. Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química
- Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa
- Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
- 1959-007 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Xavier Fontrodona
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca
- Universitat de Girona
- 17071 Girona
- Spain
| | - M. Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute
- Università di Torino
- 10126 Torino
- Italy
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
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Martinelli J, Jiménez-Juárez R, Alberti D, Geninatti Crich S, Djanashvili K. Solid-phase synthesis and evaluation of tumour-targeting phenylboronate-based MRI contrast agents. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7899-7906. [PMID: 33000853 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01552k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Paramagnetic macrocycles functionalized with phenylboronic moieties have proven to be interesting for MRI applications based on their ability to recognize cancer cells and generate local contrast. However, full use of the potential of this class of compounds is hampered by laborious and inefficient synthetic and, especially, purification procedures. The amphiphilic character of water-soluble phenylboronates renders them difficult compounds to be prepared through conventional solution synthesis due to the tendency to aggregate and form adducts with other nucleophiles. The new strategy described herein exploits the advantage of solid-phase synthesis with the application of DEAM-PS resin for anchorage and the subsequent simplified derivatization of boronates. GdDOTA-EN-PBA and its fluorinated analogue GdDOTA-EN-F2PBA were synthesized in a much easier, faster and economically convenient way to achieve good yields and purity. Furthermore, the effect of electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms on the aromatic ring of the latter compound was investigated by comparing the physico-chemical properties of both compounds as well as their binding affinity towards melanoma cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Martinelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
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25
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Bitonto V, Alberti D, Ruiu R, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S, Cutrin JC. L-ferritin: A theranostic agent of natural origin for MRI visualization and treatment of breast cancer. J Control Release 2019; 319:300-310. [PMID: 31899271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The altered regulation of iron uptake and metabolism in cancerous cells, along with the potential of this metal to cause oxidative stress and cell death, makes iron overload an attractive therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, the selective uptake of native HoS-ferritin (Horse-Spleen Ferritin) was assessed in TS/A breast cancer cells and compared with benign cystadenoma NMuMG. The higher expression of L-ferritin receptor SCARA5 led to an enhanced uptake in TS/A that is detected by the generation of a negative contrast in the corresponding MR images. The toxicity of HoS-ferritin toward TS/A cells has been investigated in detail in vitro, showing that cellular vitality is inversely related to the amount of internalized iron content. Finally, biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy of HoS-ferritin have been shown for the first time in vivo on a orthotopic breast cancer mice model, suggesting that iron overdose delivered by the HoS-ferritin can trigger selective mechanisms of regulated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bitonto
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Ruiu
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Juan Carlos Cutrin
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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26
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Baroni S, Ruggiero MR, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. Exploring the tumour extracellular matrix by in vivo Fast Field Cycling relaxometry after the administration of a Gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. Magn Reson Chem 2019; 57:845-851. [PMID: 30675933 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
1 H Fast Field Cycling NMR (FFC-NMR) relaxometry is proposed as a powerful method to investigate tumour stroma in vivo upon the administration of a Gd-based contrast agent. To perform this study, an FFC-NMR equipment endowed with a wide bore magnet was used for the acquisition of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Dispersion profiles on healthy muscle and tumour tissue in living mice. At magnetic field strengths < of ca. 1 MHz, the differences in the relaxation rates of the intra and extracellular compartment become of the same order of magnitude of the exchange rate across the cellular membranes. Under this condition, the water exchange rate between the two compartments yields to a biexponential magnetization recovery that can be analysed by fitting the experimental data with the two-Site eXchange (2SX) model. Using this model, it was possible to obtain, for the two compartments, both relaxation properties and water kinetic constants for water exchange across cell membranes. The method allowed us to determine the effect of the "matrix" on the water proton relaxation times and, in turn, to get some insights of the composition of this compartment, till now, largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
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27
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Oleshkevich E, Morancho A, Saha A, Galenkamp KMO, Grayston A, Crich SG, Alberti D, Protti N, Comella JX, Teixidor F, Rosell A, Viñas C. Combining magnetic nanoparticles and icosahedral boron clusters in biocompatible inorganic nanohybrids for cancer therapy. Nanomedicine 2019; 20:101986. [PMID: 31059794 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The potential biomedical applications of the MNPs nanohybrids coated with m-carboranylphosphinate (1-MNPs) as a theranostic biomaterial for cancer therapy were tested. The cellular uptake and toxicity profile of 1-MNPs from culture media by human brain endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) and glioblastoma multiform A172 cell line were demonstrated. Prior to testing 1-MNPs' in vitro toxicity, studies of colloidal stability of the 1-MNPs' suspension in different culture media and temperatures were carried out. TEM images and chemical titration confirmed that 1-MNPs penetrate into cells. Additionally, to explore 1-MNPs' potential use in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for treating cancer locally, the presence of the m-carboranyl coordinated with the MNPs core after uptake was proven by XPS and EELS. Importantly, thermal neutrons irradiation in BNCT reduced by 2.5 the number of cultured glioblastoma cells after 1-MNP treatment, and the systemic administration of 1-MNPs in mice was well tolerated with no major signs of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Oleshkevich
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Morancho
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona
| | - Arpita Saha
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Koen M O Galenkamp
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Grayston
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona
| | | | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino. Torino, Italy
| | | | - Joan X Comella
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona.
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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28
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Carniato F, Alberti D, Lapadula A, Martinelli J, Isidoro C, Geninatti Crich S, Tei L. Multifunctional Gd-based mesoporous silica nanotheranostic for anticancer drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00375d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A theranostic MRI nanoprobe based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles with attached stable Gd-complexes with high relaxivity, rhodamine dyes, PEG and cyclooctyne moieties was synthesized and loaded with mitoxantrone for bio-orthogonal targeted anticancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Carniato
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation
- Università del Piemonte Orientale
- 15121 Alessandria
- Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science
- University of Turin
- 10126 Torino
- Italy
| | - Angelica Lapadula
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science
- University of Turin
- 10126 Torino
- Italy
- Department of Health Sciences
| | - Jonathan Martinelli
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation
- Università del Piemonte Orientale
- 15121 Alessandria
- Italy
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Department of Health Sciences
- Università del Piemonte Orientale
- Novara
- Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Tei
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation
- Università del Piemonte Orientale
- 15121 Alessandria
- Italy
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29
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Ruggiero MR, Baroni S, Aime S, Crich SG. Relaxometric investigations addressing the determination of intracellular water lifetime: a novel tumour biomarker of general applicability. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1527045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- IBB-CNR, Torino, Italy
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30
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Alberti D, Grange C, Porta S, Aime S, Tei L, Geninatti Crich S. Efficient Route to Label Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. ACS Omega 2018; 3:8097-8103. [PMID: 30087935 PMCID: PMC6072237 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent research results report that extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a central role in both physiological and pathological processes involving intercellular communication. Herein, a simple EVs labeling procedure based on the metabolic labeling of secreting cells (mesenchymal stroma cells, MSCs) with a fluorescein-containing bio-orthogonal dye is described. This procedure was carried out by incubating cells for 72 h with tetraacetylated N-azidoacetyl-d-mannosamine (Ac4ManNAz), a modified sugar containing an azido group that, upon incorporation on the external surface of the cytoplasmatic cell membrane, is specifically conjugated with cyclooctyne-modified fluorescein isothiocyanate (ADIBO-FITC). MSCs released fluorescent EVs did not need any further purification. Finally, cellular uptake and tracking of the fluorescein-labeled EVs were successfully assessed by targeting experiments with MSCs. The method appears of general applicability and it may be very useful opening new horizon on diagnostic and therapeutic protocols exploiting EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department
of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Porta
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tei
- Department
of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
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31
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Cutrin JC, Alberti D, Bernacchioni C, Ciambellotti S, Turano P, Luchinat C, Crich SG, Aime S. Cancer cell death induced by ferritins and the peculiar role of their labile iron pool. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27974-27984. [PMID: 29963255 PMCID: PMC6021343 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular uptake of human H-ferritin loaded with 50 or 350 iron ions results in significant cytotoxicity on HeLa cells at submicromolar concentrations. Conversely, Horse Spleen Ferritin, that can be considered a model of L-cages, as it contains only about 10% of H subunits, even when loaded with 1000 iron ions, is toxic only at >1 order of magnitude higher protein concentrations. We propose here that the different cytotoxicity of the two ferritin cages originates from the presence in H-ferritin of a pool of non-biomineralized iron ions bound at the ferroxidase catalytic sites of H-ferritin subunits. This iron pool is readily released during the endosomal-mediated H-ferritin internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Cutrin
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Turano
- Center for Magnetic Resonance, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Center for Magnetic Resonance, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Aime
- Center for Magnetic Resonance, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,IBB-CNR, Sede Secondaria c/o MBC, Torino, Italy
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32
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Alberti D, Deagostino A, Toppino A, Protti N, Bortolussi S, Altieri S, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. An innovative therapeutic approach for malignant mesothelioma treatment based on the use of Gd/boron multimodal probes for MRI guided BNCT. J Control Release 2018; 280:31-38. [PMID: 29730155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop an innovative imaging guided approach based on Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, for the treatment of mesothelioma, assisted by the quantification of the in vivo boron distribution by MRI. The herein reported results demonstrate that overexpressed Low Density Lipoproteins receptors can be successfully exploited to deliver to mesothelioma cells a therapeutic dose of boron (26 μg/g), significantly higher than in the surrounding tissue (3.5 μg/g). Boron and Gd cells uptake was assessed by ICP-MS and MRI on two mesothelioma (ZL34, AE17) and two healthy (MRC-5 and NMuMg) cell lines. An in vivo model was prepared by subcutaneous injection of ZL34 cells in Nu/Nu mice. After irradiation with thermal neutrons, tumor growth was evaluated for 40 days by MRI. Tumor masses of boron treated mice showed a drastic reduction of about 80-85%. The obtained results appear very promising providing patients affected by this rare disease with an improved therapeutic option, exploiting LDL transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Antonio Toppino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, via Agostino Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, via Agostino Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Silva Bortolussi
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, via Agostino Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, via Agostino Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, via Agostino Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), Unit of Pavia, via Agostino Bassi 6, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy; IBB-CNR, Sede Secondaria c/o MBC, via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy.
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33
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Conti L, Lanzardo S, Ruiu R, Cadenazzi M, Cavallo F, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. L-Ferritin targets breast cancer stem cells and delivers therapeutic and imaging agents. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66713-66727. [PMID: 27579532 PMCID: PMC5341832 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSC) have the unique biological properties necessary for tumor maintenance and spreading, and function as a reservoir for the relapse and metastatic evolution of the disease by virtue of their resistance to radio- and chemo-therapies. Thus, the efficacy of a therapeutic approach relies on its ability to effectively target and deplete CSC. In this study, we show that CSC-enriched tumorspheres from breast cancer cell lines display an increased L-Ferritin uptake capability compared to their monolayer counterparts as a consequence of the upregulation of the L-Ferritin receptor SCARA5. L-Ferritin internalization was exploited for the simultaneous delivery of Curcumin, a natural therapeutic molecule endowed with antineoplastic action, and the MRI contrast agent Gd-HPDO3A, both entrapped in the L-Ferritin cavity. This theranostic system was able to impair viability and self-renewal of tumorspheres in vitro and to induce the regression of established tumors in mice. In conclusion, here we show that Curcumin-loaded L-Ferritin has a strong therapeutic potential due to the specific targeting of CSC and the improved Curcumin bioavailability, opening up the possibility of its use in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Ruiu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Cadenazzi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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34
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Crich SG, Terreno E, Aime S. Nano-sized and other improved reporters for magnetic resonance imaging of angiogenesis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 119:61-72. [PMID: 28802567 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) enables to provide anatomical, functional and molecular information of pathological angiogenesis when used with properly tailored imaging probes. Functional studies have been the domain of Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) -MRI protocols from which it is possible to extract quantitative estimations on key parameters such as the volumes of vascular and extracellular compartments and the rates of the bidirectional exchange of the imaging reporters across the endothelial barrier. Whereas paramagnetic Gd-complexes able to reversibly bind to serum albumin act better than the clinically used small-sized, hydrophilic species, new findings suggest that an accurate assessment of the vascular volume is possible by analyzing images acquired upon the i.v. administration of Gd-labelled Red Blood Cells (RBCs). As far as it concerns molecular MRI, among the many available biomarkers, αvβ3 integrins are the most investigated ones. The low expression of these targets makes mandatory the use of nano-sized systems endowed with the proper signal enhancing capabilities. A number of targeted nano-particles have been investigated including micelles, liposomes, iron oxides and perfluorocarbon containing systems. Finally, a growing attention is devoted to the design and testing of "theranostic" agents based on the exploitation of MRI to monitor drug delivery processes and therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy.
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35
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Turino LN, Ruggiero MR, Stefanìa R, Cutrin JC, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. Ferritin Decorated PLGA/Paclitaxel Loaded Nanoparticles Endowed with an Enhanced Toxicity Toward MCF-7 Breast Tumor Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1283-1290. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila N. Turino
- Laboratorio de Química
Fina, Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria
Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Predio CCT-CONICET, Ruta Nacional 168 Km. 0, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Maria R. Ruggiero
- University of Turin, Department of Molecular
Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
- SAET S.p.A, via Torino 213, 10040 Leinì, Turin, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefanìa
- University of Turin, Department of Molecular
Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Juan C. Cutrin
- University of Turin, Department of Molecular
Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- University of Turin, Department of Molecular
Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- University of Turin, Department of Molecular
Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
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36
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Alberti D, Protti N, Franck M, Stefania R, Bortolussi S, Altieri S, Deagostino A, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. Theranostic Nanoparticles Loaded with Imaging Probes and Rubrocurcumin for Combined Cancer Therapy by Folate Receptor Targeting. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:502-509. [PMID: 28217982 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination of different therapeutic modalities is a promising option to combat the recurrence of tumors. In this study, polylactic and polyglycolic acid nanoparticles were used for the simultaneous delivery of a boron-curcumin complex (RbCur) and an amphiphilic gadolinium complex into tumor cells with the aim of performing boron and gadolinium neutron capture therapy (NCT) in conjunction with the additional antiproliferative effects of curcumin. Furthermore, the use of Gd complexes allows magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of the amount of B and Gd internalized by tumor cells. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles were targeted to ovarian cancer (IGROV-1) cells through folate receptors, by including in the formulation a PEGylated phospholipid functionalized with the folate moiety. NCT was performed on IGROV-1 cells internalizing 6.4 and 78.6 μg g-1 of 10 B and 157 Gd, respectively. The synergic action of neutron treatment and curcumin cytotoxicity was shown to result in a significant therapeutic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Morgane Franck
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Silva Bortolussi
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
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37
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Ruggiero MR, Crich SG, Sieni E, Sgarbossa P, Forzan M, Cavallari E, Stefania R, Dughiero F, Aime S. Magnetic hyperthermia efficiency and (1)H-NMR relaxation properties of iron oxide/paclitaxel-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:285104. [PMID: 27265726 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/28/285104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) can be exploited in biomedicine as agents for magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) treatments and as contrast enhancers in magnetic resonance imaging. New, oleate-covered, iron oxide particles have been prepared either by co-precipitation or thermal decomposition methods and incorporated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA-Fe-NPs) to improve their biocompatibility and in vivo stability. Moreover, the PLGA-Fe-NPs have been loaded with paclitaxel to pursue an MFH-triggered drug release. Remarkably, it has been found that the nanoparticle formulations are characterized by peculiar (1)H nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles that directly correlate with their heating potential when exposed to an alternating magnetic field. By prolonging the magnetic field exposure to 30 min, a significant drug release was observed for PLGA-Fe-NPs in the case of the larger-sized magnetic nanoparticles. Furthermore, the immobilization of lipophilic Fe-NPs in PLGA-NPs also made it possible to maintain Néel relaxation as the dominant relaxation contribution in the presence of large iron oxide cores (diameters of 15-20 nm), with the advantage of preserving their efficiency when they are entrapped in the intracellular environment. The results reported herein show that NMRD profiles are a useful tool for anticipating the heating capabilities of Fe-NPs designed for MFH applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Ruggiero
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy. SAET S.p.A via Torino, 213 10040 Leinì, Torino, Italy
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38
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Neves AA, Wainman YA, Wright A, Kettunen MI, Rodrigues TB, McGuire S, Hu DE, Bulat F, Geninatti Crich S, Stöckmann H, Leeper FJ, Brindle KM. Imaging Glycosylation In Vivo by Metabolic Labeling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1286-90. [PMID: 26633082 PMCID: PMC4737346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a ubiquitous post‐translational modification, present in over 50 % of the proteins in the human genome,1 with important roles in cell–cell communication and migration. Interest in glycome profiling has increased with the realization that glycans can be used as biomarkers of many diseases,2 including cancer.3 We report here the first tomographic imaging of glycosylated tissues in live mice by using metabolic labeling and a gadolinium‐based bioorthogonal MRI probe. Significant N‐azidoacetylgalactosamine dependent T1 contrast was observed in vivo two hours after probe administration. Tumor, kidney, and liver showed significant contrast, and several other tissues, including the pancreas, spleen, heart, and intestines, showed a very high contrast (>10‐fold). This approach has the potential to enable the rapid and non‐invasive magnetic resonance imaging of glycosylated tissues in vivo in preclinical models of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- André A Neves
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
| | - Yéléna A Wainman
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Alan Wright
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Mikko I Kettunen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.,A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiago B Rodrigues
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Sarah McGuire
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - De-En Hu
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Flaviu Bulat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Imaging Center, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Henning Stöckmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Finian J Leeper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
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Alberti D, Protti N, Toppino A, Deagostino A, Lanzardo S, Bortolussi S, Altieri S, Voena C, Chiarle R, Geninatti Crich S, Aime S. A theranostic approach based on the use of a dual boron/Gd agent to improve the efficacy of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in the lung cancer treatment. Nanomedicine 2015; 11:741-50. [PMID: 25596074 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims at developing an innovative theranostic approach for lung tumor and metastases treatment, based on Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). It relies on to the use of low density lipoproteins (LDL) as carriers able to maximize the selective uptake of boron atoms in tumor cells and, at the same time, to quantify the in vivo boron distribution by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tumor cells uptake was initially assessed by ICP-MS and MRI on four types of tumor (TUBO, B16-F10, MCF-7, A549) and one healthy (N-MUG) cell lines. Lung metastases were generated by intravenous injection of a Her2+ breast cancer cell line (i.e. TUBO) in BALB/c mice and transgenic EML4-ALK mice were used as primary tumor model. After neutron irradiation, tumor growth was followed for 30-40 days by MRI. Tumor masses of boron treated mice increased markedly slowly than the control group. From the clinical editor: In this article, the authors described an improvement to existing boron neutron capture therapy. The dual MRI/BNCT agent, carried by LDLs, was able to maximize the selective uptake of boron in tumor cells, and, at the same time, quantify boron distribution in tumor and in other tissues using MRI. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo experiments showed tumor cell killing after neutron irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Nuclear and Theoretical Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), section of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Toppino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Silva Bortolussi
- Department of Nuclear and Theoretical Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), section of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Nuclear and Theoretical Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Nuclear Physics National Institute (INFN), section of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy; Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Boggio P, Toppino A, Geninatti Crich S, Alberti D, Marabello D, Medana C, Prandi C, Venturello P, Aime S, Deagostino A. The hydroboration reaction as a key for a straightforward synthesis of new MRI-NCT agents. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3288-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02291b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A new lipophilic NCT/MRI agent has been synthesised in only four steps and characterised from the relaxometric point of view. This compound shows a high affinity for LDLs that can be loaded with 300 complexes per particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Boggio
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | | | | | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- University of Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | | | - Claudio Medana
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- University of Torino
- Torino
- Italy
| | | | | | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- University of Torino
- Torino
- Italy
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Alberti D, Toppino A, Geninatti Crich S, Meraldi C, Prandi C, Protti N, Bortolussi S, Altieri S, Aime S, Deagostino A. Synthesis of a carborane-containing cholesterol derivative and evaluation as a potential dual agent for MRI/BNCT applications. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2457-67. [PMID: 24604345 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42414f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study the synthesis and characterization of a new dual, imaging and therapeutic, agent is proposed with the aim of improving the efficacy of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) in cancer treatment. The agent (Gd-B-AC01) consists of a carborane unit (ten boron atoms) bearing a cholesterol unit on one side (to pursue the incorporation into the liposome bi-layer) and a Gd(iii)/1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane monoamide complex on the other side (as a MRI reporter to attain the quantification of the B/Gd concentration). In order to endow the BNCT agent with specific delivery properties, the liposome embedded with the MRI/BNCT dual probes has been functionalized with a pegylated phospholipid containing a folic acid residue at the end of the PEG chain. The vector allows the binding of the liposome to folate receptors that are overexpressed in many tumor types, and in particular, in human ovarian cancer cells (IGROV-1). An in vitro test on IGROV-1 cells demonstrated that Gd-B-AC01 loaded liposomes are efficient carriers for the delivery of the MRI/BNCT probes to the tumor cells. Finally, the BNCT treatment of IGROV-1 cells showed that the number of surviving cells was markedly smaller when the cells were irradiated after internalization of the folate-targeted GdB10-AC01/liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Mariano RN, Alberti D, Cutrin JC, Geninatti Crich S, Aime S. Design of PLGA Based Nanoparticles for Imaging Guided Applications. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:4100-6. [DOI: 10.1021/mp5002747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Nicolás Mariano
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Diego Alberti
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Juan Carlos Cutrin
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
- ININCA-CONICET, Marcelo
T. de Alvear 2270, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
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Cutrin JC, Crich SG, Burghelea D, Dastrù W, Aime S. Curcumin/Gd loaded apoferritin: a novel "theranostic" agent to prevent hepatocellular damage in toxic induced acute hepatitis. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:2079-85. [PMID: 23548053 DOI: 10.1021/mp3006177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apoferritin has been exploited to deliver simultaneously therapeutic and imaging agents (loaded into its internal cavity) to hepatocytes as this protein is efficiently taken up from blood by hepatocyte scavenger receptor class A type 5 via the ferritin transporting route. To this purpose the protein has been loaded with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent GdHPDO3A and curcumin, a polyphenolic substance endowed with multiple pharmacological actions, namely: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic. Curcumin and GdHPDO3A loaded apoferritin has been used with the aim to attenuate the thioacetamide-induced hepatitis together with the evaluation by MRI of drug delivery efficiency. Mice pretreated by intraperitoneal administration showed significantly attenuated hepatic injury as assessed by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in plasma and by histology assessment. The encapsulation of curcumin inside the apoferritin cavity significantly increases its stability and bioavailability while maintaining its therapeutic anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Cutrin
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Geninatti Crich S, Alberti D, Szabo I, Aime S, Djanashvili K. MRI visualization of melanoma cells by targeting overexpressed sialic acid with a Gd(III)-dota-en-pba imaging reporter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:1161-4. [PMID: 23225599 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Geninatti Crich S, Alberti D, Orio L, Stefania R, Longo D, Aime S. Lipid-Based Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging. Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-012-9180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Geninatti Crich S, Cutrin JC, Lanzardo S, Conti L, Kálmán FK, Szabó I, Lago NR, Iolascon A, Aime S. Mn-loaded apoferritin: a highly sensitive MRI imaging probe for the detection and characterization of hepatocarcinoma lesions in a transgenic mouse model. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2012; 7:281-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
| | | | - Ibolya Szabó
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry IFM; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
| | - Néstor R. Lago
- Center of Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine; University of Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires; Argentina
| | - Achille Iolascon
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate; University of Naples; Naples; Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry IFM; University of Turin; Turin; Italy
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Szabó I, Crich SG, Alberti D, Kálmán FK, Aime S. Mn loaded apoferritin as an MRI sensor of melanin formation in melanoma cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2436-8. [PMID: 22273600 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17801j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mn(III)-loaded apoferritin is promptly reduced to Mn(II)-apoferritin by the oxidation of L-DOPA to melanin. The process is nicely witnessed by a marked relaxation enhancement of water proton relaxation rate that has been detected both in cultured melanoma cells and in tumor animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Szabó
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry IFM, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
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Tei L, Barge A, Geninatti Crich S, Pagliarin R, Negri V, Ramella D, Cravotto G, Aime S. Target visualization by MRI using the avidin/biotin amplification route: synthesis and testing of a biotin-Gd-DOTA monoamide trimer. Chemistry 2010; 16:8080-7. [PMID: 20533461 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To design efficient targeting strategies in magnetic resonance (MR) molecular imaging applications, the formation of supramolecular adducts between (strept)avidin ((S)Av) and tribiotinylated Gd-DOTA-monoamide complexes (DOTA=1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid) was explored. Two compounds based on the trivalent core of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine each containing three biotin molecules and one (L1) or three (L2) DOTA-monoamide (DOTAMA) ligands were synthesized. In these tribiotinylated derivatives the biotins are spaced far enough apart to allow the formation of the supramolecular adduct with the protein and to host the chelating units in between the (S)Av layers. Size exclusion HPLC analyses indicated complete formation of very high molecular weight polymers (>2 MDa) with (S)Av in solution. A (1)H NMR spectroscopy relaxometric study on the obtained polymeric adducts showed a marked increase of the relaxivity at 35-40 MHz as a consequence of the lengthening of the tumbling time due to the formation of Gd-chelates/(S)Av polymers. The most efficient Gd(3)L2/(S)Av polymeric system was used for a test in cell cultures. The target is represented by a neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), which is overexpressed in Kaposi's sarcoma cells and tumor endothelial cells (TEC) and that is efficiently recognized by a biotinylated tetrameric peptide (C3d-Bio). In vitro experiments showed that only cells incubated with both C3d-Bio and Gd(3)L2/SAv polymer were hyperintense with respect to the control. Relaxation rates of cell pellets incubated with Gd(3)L2/SAv alone were not significantly different from the untreated cells demonstrating the absence of a specific binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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Aime S, Castelli DD, Crich SG, Gianolio E, Terreno E. Pushing the sensitivity envelope of lanthanide-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for molecular imaging applications. Acc Chem Res 2009; 42:822-31. [PMID: 19534516 DOI: 10.1021/ar800192p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arises from changes in the intensity of the proton signal of water between voxels (essentially, the 3D counterpart of pixels). Differences in intervoxel intensity can be significantly enhanced with chemicals that alter the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) intensity of the imaged spins; this alteration can occur by various mechanisms. Paramagnetic lanthanide(III) complexes are used in two major classes of MRI contrast agent: the well-established class of Gd-based agents and the emerging class of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) agents. A Gd-based complex increases water signal by enhancing the longitudinal relaxation rate of water protons, whereas CEST agents decrease water signal as a consequence of the transfer of saturated magnetization from the exchangeable protons of the agent. In this Account, we survey recent progress in both areas, focusing on how MRI is becoming a more competitive choice among the various molecular imaging methods. Compared with other imaging modalities, MRI is set apart by its superb anatomical resolution; however, its success in molecular imaging suffers because of its intrinsic insensitivity. A relatively high concentration of molecular agents (0.01-0.1 mM) is necessary to produce a local alteration in the water signal intensity. Unfortunately, the most desirable molecules for visualization in molecular imaging are present at much lower concentrations, in the nano- or picomolar range. Therefore, augmenting the sensitivity of MRI agents is key to the development of MR-based molecular imaging applications. In principle, this task can be tackled either by increasing the sensitivity of the reporting units, through the optimization of their structural and dynamic properties, or by setting up proper amplification strategies that allow the accumulation of a huge number of imaging reporters at the site of interest. For Gd-based agents, high sensitivities can be attained by exploiting a range of nanosized carriers (micelles, liposomes, microemulsions, and the like, as well as biological structures such as apoferritin and lipoproteins) properly loaded with Gd-based chelates. Furthermore, the sensitivity of Gd-based agents can be markedly affected either by their interactions with biological structures or by their cellular localization. For CEST agents, a huge sensitivity enhancement has been obtained by using the water molecules contained in the inner cavity of liposomes as the exchangeable source of protons for magnetization transfer. Several "tricks" (for example, the use of multimeric lanthanide(III) shift reagents, changes in the shape of the liposome container, and so forth) have been devised to improve the chemical shift separation between the intraliposomal water and the "bulk" water resonances. Overall, excellent sensitivity enhancements have been obtained for both classes of agents, enabling their use in MR molecular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Aime
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Delli Castelli
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Eliana Gianolio
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
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Esposito G, Geninatti Crich S, Aime S. Efficient cellular labeling by CD44 receptor-mediated uptake of cationic liposomes functionalized with hyaluronic acid and loaded with MRI contrast agents. ChemMedChem 2009; 3:1858-62. [PMID: 18988207 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Esposito
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, Via Nizza 52, 10125 Torino, Italy
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