1
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Ravarino P, Di Domenico N, Barbalinardo M, Faccio D, Falini G, Giuri D, Tomasini C. Fluorine Effect in the Gelation Ability of Low Molecular Weight Gelators. Gels 2022; 8:gels8020098. [PMID: 35200480 PMCID: PMC8871896 DOI: 10.3390/gels8020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The three gelators presented in this work (Boc-D-Phe-L-Oxd-OH F0, Boc-D-F1Phe-L-Oxd-OH F1 and Boc-D-F2Phe-L-Oxd-OH F2) share the same scaffold and differ in the number of fluorine atoms linked to the aromatic ring of phenylalanine. They have been applied to the preparation of gels in 0.5% or 1.0% w/v concentration, using three methodologies: solvent switch, pH change and calcium ions addition. The general trend is an increased tendency to form structured materials from F0 to F1 and F2. This property ends up in the formation of stronger materials when fluorine atoms are present. Some samples, generally formed by F1 or F2 in 0.5% w/v concentration, show high transparency but low mechanical properties. Two gels, both containing fluorine atoms, show increased stiffness coupled with high transparency. The biocompatibility of the gelators was assessed exposing them to fibroblast cells and demonstrated that F1 and F2 are not toxic to cells even in high concentration, while F0 is not toxic to cells only in a low concentration. In conclusion, the presence of even only one fluorine atom improves all the gelators properties: the gelation ability of the compound, the rheological properties and the transparency of the final materials and the gelator biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ravarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.R.); (N.D.D.); (D.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Nadia Di Domenico
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.R.); (N.D.D.); (D.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Marianna Barbalinardo
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (ISMN-CNR)-Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Davide Faccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.R.); (N.D.D.); (D.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Falini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.R.); (N.D.D.); (D.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Demetra Giuri
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.R.); (N.D.D.); (D.F.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (C.T.); Tel.: +39-0512099486 (C.T.)
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.R.); (N.D.D.); (D.F.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (C.T.); Tel.: +39-0512099486 (C.T.)
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2
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Ravarino P, Giuri D, Faccio D, Tomasini C. Designing a Transparent and Fluorine Containing Hydrogel. Gels 2021; 7:43. [PMID: 33918097 PMCID: PMC8167729 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical hydrogels are supramolecular materials obtained by self-assembly of small molecules called gelators. Aromatic amino acids and small peptides containing aromatic rings are good candidates as gelators due to their ability to form weak bonds as π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds between NH and CO of the peptide chain. In this paper we show our results in the preparation of a transparent hydrogel that was obtained by self-assembly of a fluorine-containing dipeptide that relies on the additional formation of halogen bonds due to the fluorine atoms contained in the dipeptide. We used Boc-D-F2Phe-L-Oxd-OH (F2Phe = 3,4-difluorophenylalainine; Oxd = 4-methyl-5-carboxy-oxazolidin-2-one) that formed a strong and transparent hydrogel in 0.5% w/w concentration at pH = 4.2. The formation of a hydrogel made of unnatural fluorinated amino acids may be of great interest in the evaluation of patients with parkinsonian syndromes and may be used for controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.R.); (D.G.); (D.F.)
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3
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Giuri D, Barbalinardo M, Zanna N, Paci P, Montalti M, Cavallini M, Valle F, Calvaresi M, Tomasini C. Tuning Mechanical Properties of Pseudopeptide Supramolecular Hydrogels by Graphene Doping. Molecules 2019; 24:E4345. [PMID: 31795090 PMCID: PMC6930602 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels, obtained from small organic molecules, may be advantageous over polymeric ones for several applications, because these materials have some peculiar properties that differentiate them from the traditional polymeric hydrogels, such as elasticity, thixotropy, self-healing propensity, and biocompatibility. We report here the preparation of strong supramolecular pseudopeptide-based hydrogels that owe their strength to the introduction of graphene in the gelling mixture. These materials proved to be strong, stable, thermoreversible and elastic. The concentration of the gelator, the degree of graphene doping, and the nature of the trigger are crucial to get hydrogels with the desired properties, where a high storage modulus coexists with a good thixotropic behavior. Finally, NIH-3T3 cells were used to evaluate the cell response to the presence of the most promising hydrogels. The hydrogels biocompatibility remains good, if a small degree of graphene doping is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetra Giuri
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 240126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (N.Z.); (P.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Marianna Barbalinardo
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (ISMN-CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 240126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (N.Z.); (P.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Paolo Paci
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 240126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (N.Z.); (P.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Montalti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 240126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (N.Z.); (P.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Massimiliano Cavallini
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (ISMN-CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesco Valle
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (ISMN-CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (M.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 240126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (N.Z.); (P.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 240126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (N.Z.); (P.P.); (M.M.)
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4
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Giuri D, Zanna N, Tomasini C. Low Molecular Weight Gelators Based on Functionalized l-Dopa Promote Organogels Formation. Gels 2019; 5:E27. [PMID: 31091701 PMCID: PMC6630615 DOI: 10.3390/gels5020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We prepared the small pseudopeptide Lau-l-Dopa(OBn)2-d-Oxd-OBn (Lau = lauric acid; l-Dopa = l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; d-Oxd = (4R,5S)-4-methyl-5-carboxyl-oxazolidin-2-one; Bn = benzyl) through a number of coupling reactions between lauric acid, protected l-Dopa and d-Oxd with an excellent overall yield. The ability of the product to form supramolecular organogels has been tested with different organic solvents of increasing polarity and compared with the results obtained with the small pseudopeptide Fmoc-l-Dopa(OBn)2-d-Oxd-OBn. The mechanical and rheological properties of the organogels demonstrated solvent-dependent properties, with a storage modulus of 82 kPa for the ethanol organogel. Finally, to have a preliminary test of the organogels' ability to adsorb pollutants, we treated a sample of the ethanol organogel with an aqueous solution of Rhodamine B (RhB) for 24 h. The water solution slowly lost its pink color, which became trapped in the organogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetra Giuri
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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5
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Angelici G, Górecki M, Pescitelli G, Zanna N, Monari M, Tomasini C. Synthesis and structure analysis of ferrocene-containing pseudopeptides. Biopolymers 2017; 110. [PMID: 29058321 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene with its aromaticity and facile redox properties is an attractive moiety to be incorporated into functional moieties. Medicinal applications of ferrocene are well known and ferrocene itself shows cytotoxic and antianemic properties. In this article, we will describe the synthesis and the structure analysis of two pseudopeptides containing a ferrocene moiety as N-terminal group. After purification, Fc-l-Phe-d-Oxd-OBn [l-Phel-phenylalanine; d-Oxd(4R,5S)-4-Methyl-5-carboxy-oxazolidin-2-one] appears as bright brown solid that spontaneously forms brown needles. The X-ray diffraction of the crystals shows the presence of strong π interactions between the ferrocenyl moiety and the phenyl rings, while no NH•••OC hydrogen bonds are formed. This result is confirmed by FT-IR and 1 H NMR analysis. In contrast, both FT-IR and 1 H NMR analysis suggest that Fc-(l-Phe-d-Oxd)2 -OBn forms a turn conformation stabilized by intramolecular NH•••OC hydrogen bonds in solution. Chiroptical spectroscopies (ECD and VCD) substantially confirmed the absence of a well-defined folded structure. The presence of the Fc moiety is responsible for specific ECD signals, one of which displayed pronounced temperature dependence and is directly related with the helicity assumed by the Fc core. Solid-state ECD spectra were recorded and rationalized on the basis of the X-ray geometry and quantum-mechanical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Angelici
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa - Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Marcin Górecki
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa - Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry - Polish Academy of Sciences - ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa - Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna - Via Selmi, 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Magda Monari
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna - Via Selmi, 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna - Via Selmi, 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
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6
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Zanna N, Focaroli S, Merlettini A, Gentilucci L, Teti G, Falconi M, Tomasini C. Thixotropic Peptide-Based Physical Hydrogels Applied to Three-Dimensional Cell Culture. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:2374-2381. [PMID: 30023662 PMCID: PMC6044849 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pseudopeptides containing the d-Oxd or the d-pGlu [Oxd = (4R,5S)-4-methyl-5-carboxyl-oxazolidin-2-one, pGlu = pyroglutamic acid] moiety and selected amino acids were used as low-molecular-weight gelators to prepare strong and thixotropic hydrogels at physiological pH. The addition of calcium chloride to the gelator solutions induces the formation of insoluble salts that get organized in fibers at a pH close to the physiological one. Physical characterization of hydrogels was carried out by morphologic evaluation and rheological measurements and demonstrated that the analyzed hydrogels are thixotropic, as they have the capability to recover their gel-like behavior. As these hydrogels are easily injectable and may be used for regenerative medicine, they were biologically assessed by cell seeding and viability tests. Human gingival fibroblasts were embedded in 2% hydrogels; all of the hydrogels allow the growth of encapsulated cells with a very good viability. The gelator toxicity may be correlated with their tendency to self-assemble and is totally absent when the hydrogel is formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum
Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Focaroli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Alma
Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Ugo Foscolo, 7, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Merlettini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum
Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Gentilucci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum
Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriella Teti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Alma
Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Ugo Foscolo, 7, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirella Falconi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Alma
Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Ugo Foscolo, 7, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum
Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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7
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Tomasini C, Zanna N. Oxazolidinone-containing pseudopeptides: Supramolecular materials, fibers, crystals, and gels. Biopolymers 2017; 108. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento Di Chimica Ciamician; Università Di Bologna; via Selmi, 2 Bologna 40137 Italy
| | - Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento Di Chimica Ciamician; Università Di Bologna; via Selmi, 2 Bologna 40137 Italy
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8
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Del Secco B, Malachin G, Milli L, Zanna N, Papini E, Cornia A, Tavano R, Tomasini C. Form Matters: Stable Helical Foldamers Preferentially Target Human Monocytes and Granulocytes. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:337-345. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Del Secco
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Giulia Malachin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche; Università di Padova; Viale G. Colombo 3 35121 Padova Italy
| | - Lorenzo Milli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Emanuele Papini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche; Università di Padova; Viale G. Colombo 3 35121 Padova Italy
| | - Andrea Cornia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia & INSTM; Via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Regina Tavano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche; Università di Padova; Viale G. Colombo 3 35121 Padova Italy
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
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9
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Zanna N, Iaculli D, Tomasini C. The effect ofl-DOPA hydroxyl groups on the formation of supramolecular hydrogels. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:5797-5804. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01026e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fmoc-l-DOPA-d-Oxd-OH was prepared starting from commercially availablel-DOPA. Its gelation ability was tested by comparison with Fmoc-l-Tyr-d-Oxd-OH and Fmoc-l-Phe-d-Oxd-OH using ten different triggers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Debora Iaculli
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
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10
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Milli L, Zanna N, Merlettini A, Di Giosia M, Calvaresi M, Focarete ML, Tomasini C. Pseudopeptide-Based Hydrogels Trapping Methylene Blue and Eosin Y. Chemistry 2016; 22:12106-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Milli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Università di Bologna; Via Selmi, 2- 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Università di Bologna; Via Selmi, 2- 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Andrea Merlettini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Università di Bologna; Via Selmi, 2- 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Matteo Di Giosia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Università di Bologna; Via Selmi, 2- 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Università di Bologna; Via Selmi, 2- 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Università di Bologna; Via Selmi, 2- 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician; Università di Bologna; Via Selmi, 2- 40126 Bologna Italy
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11
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Ingole TS, Vijayadas KN, Chaitanya KN, Kotmale AS, Gawade RL, Gonnade RG, Rajamohanan PR, Sanjayan GJ. Disruption of Native β-Turns: Consequence of Folding Competition between Native and Orthanilic Acid Proline-BasedPseudoβ-Turn. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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12
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Misra R, Reja RM, Narendra LV, George G, Raghothama S, Gopi HN. Exploring structural features of folded peptide architectures in the construction of nanomaterials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9597-600. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04502b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular assemblies of conformationally biased α,γ-hybrid peptides composed of alternating α-Phe and 4,4-dimethyl substituted γ-amino acids are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Misra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institution of Science Education and Research
- Pune-411008
- India
| | - Rahi M. Reja
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institution of Science Education and Research
- Pune-411008
- India
| | | | - Gijo George
- NMR Research Center
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | | | - Hosahudya N. Gopi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institution of Science Education and Research
- Pune-411008
- India
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13
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Zanna N, Merlettini A, Tatulli G, Milli L, Focarete ML, Tomasini C. Hydrogelation Induced by Fmoc-Protected Peptidomimetics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12240-50. [PMID: 26491829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Four new low molecular weight hydrogelators (LMWGs) have been prepared in multigram scale and their attitude to form hydrogels has been tested. The gelation trigger is pH variation. The resulting gels have been characterized with several techniques: measurement of the melting points (T(gel)), transparency, gelation time, and viscoelastic properties, together with ECD analysis. Among them, Fmoc-L-Tyr-D-Oxd-OH 1 is an excellent gelator that leads to the preparation of strong, transparent, and viscoelastic gels, by pH variation. UV-visible analyses have demonstrated that the gels obtained with the LMWG 1 possess high transparency, with a transmittance up to 25.6% at a wavelength of 600 nm. Results of the amplitude sweep experiments showed that the elastic response component (G') was approximately an order of magnitude larger than the viscous component, indicating an elastic rather than viscous attitude of the gels, confirmed by the frequency independence of G' and G″ values, in the range from 0.1 to 100 rad·s(-1). The thermal behavior of gel obtained from Fmoc-L-Tyr-D-Oxd-OH 1 was characterized performing an "ad hoc" rheological temperature sweep experiment, that indicated that G' remained almost constant from 23 °C up to about 65 °C while G″ increased in the same temperature range. At higher temperatures, both G' and G″ values started to slightly decrease without displaying a crossover point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician, Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Merlettini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician, Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tatulli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician, Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Milli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician, Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician, Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ciamician, Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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14
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Sarkar R, Debnath M, Maji K, Haldar D. Solvent assisted structural diversity: supramolecular sheet and double helix of a short aromatic γ-peptide. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12831e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Solvent interaction has a significant effect on the molecular motions, folding and self-assembly of short aromatic γ-peptides that leads to a change in initial helical conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
| | - Mintu Debnath
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
| | - Krishnendu Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
| | - Debasish Haldar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- India
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Tomasini C, Castellucci N, Caputo VC, Milli L, Battistelli G, Fermani S, Falini G. Shaping calcite crystals by customized self-assembling pseudopeptide foldamers. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01569j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Milli L, Castellucci N, Tomasini C. Turning Around theL-Phe-D-Oxd Moiety for a Versatile Low-Molecular-Weight Gelator. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Castellucci N, Falini G, Milli L, Monari M, Abbate S, Longhi G, Castiglioni E, Mazzeo G, Tomasini C. Solid-State Properties and Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy in Solution of Hybrid Foldamers Stereoisomeric Mixtures. Chempluschem 2013; 79:114-121. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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18
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Romulus J, Weck M. Single-Chain Polymer Self-Assembly Using Complementary Hydrogen Bonding Units. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1518-23. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Romulus
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute; New York University; New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute; New York University; New York, NY 10003 USA
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Szolnoki É, Hetényi A, Mándity IM, Fülöp F, Martinek TA. Foldameric β-H18/20PMixed Helix Stabilized by Head-to-Tail Contacts: A Way to Higher-Order Structures. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Castellucci N, Sartor G, Calonghi N, Parolin C, Falini G, Tomasini C. A peptidic hydrogel that may behave as a "Trojan Horse". Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:417-24. [PMID: 23503149 PMCID: PMC3596052 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A physical hydrogel prepared with the low-molecular-weight hydrogelator (LMWHG) CH2(C3H6CO-L-Phe-D-Oxd-OH)2 and water/ethanol mixture was applied as a potential “Trojan Horse” carrier into cells. By SEM and XRD analysis we could demonstrate that a fibrous structure is present in the xerogel, making a complex network. The gelator is derived from α-amino acids (Thr, Phe) and a fatty acid (azelaic acid) and is biocompatible: it was dosed to IGROV-1 cells, which internalized it, without significantly affecting the cell proliferation. To check the internalization process by confocal microscopy, fluorescent hydrogels were prepared, introducing the fluorescent dansyl moiety into the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Castellucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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21
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De Marco R, Greco A, Rupiani S, Tolomelli A, Tomasini C, Pieraccini S, Gentilucci L. In-peptide synthesis of di-oxazolidinone and dehydroamino acid–oxazolidinone motifs as β-turn inducers. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4316-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40357b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Afrasiabi R, Kraatz HB. Sonication-Induced Coiled Fibrous Architectures of Boc-L-Phe-L-Lys(Z)-OMe. Chemistry 2012; 19:1769-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Longhi G, Abbate S, Lebon F, Castellucci N, Sabatino P, Tomasini C. Conformational studies of Phe-rich foldamers by VCD spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6033-42. [PMID: 22716234 DOI: 10.1021/jo300688n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Employing VCD spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the structural behavior of the oligomers Boc-(L-Phe-L-Oxd)(n)-OBn is similar from n = 2 to n = 6; ab initio calculations for the n = 1 case provide physical insight into the conformational properties. Further information is gained by IR, (1)H NMR, and ECD spectroscopies. ECD spectra suggest the presence of different conformations between n = 1 on one side and longer chain foldamers on the other side. VCD and absorption IR spectra in methanol solutions can be interpreted as indicative of a PPII structure. In the case of Boc-L-Phe-L-Oxd-OBn, VCD spectra in CCl(4) and detailed DFT computational analysis allow one to demonstrate that the most populated conformers exhibit backbone dihedral angles similar to those of a PPII geometry. This is a remarkable outcome, as we had previously demonstrated that the Boc-(L-Ala-D-Oxd)(n)-OBn series folds in a β-band ribbon spiral that is a subtype of the 3(10) helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Longhi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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24
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Castellucci N, Gentilucci L, Tomasini C. One-pot synthesis of poly-substituted tetramic acids for the preparation of putative turn mimics. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Thétiot-Laurent S, Bouillère F, Baltaze JP, Brisset F, Feytens D, Kouklovsky C, Miclet E, Alezra V. Original β,γ-diamino acid as an inducer of a γ-turn mimic in short peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:9660-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26828k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Katarzyńska J, Mazur A, Wolf WM, Teat SJ, Jankowski S, Leplawy MT, Zabrocki J. 4-Methylpseudoproline derived from α-methylserine – synthesis and conformational studies. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6705-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25732g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Kulikov OV, Hamilton AD. Synthesis of the novel trimeric benzamides—potential inhibitors of protein–protein interactions. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra01153k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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De Marco R, Tolomelli A, Campitiello M, Rubini P, Gentilucci L. Expedient synthesis of pseudo-Pro-containing peptides: towards constrained peptidomimetics and foldamers. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2307-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob07172j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy, Fax: +39‐051‐2099456
| | - Gaetano Angelici
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns‐Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Castellucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy, Fax: +39‐051‐2099456
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Castellucci N, Angelici G, Falini G, Monari M, Tomasini C. L-Phe-D-Oxd: A Privileged Scaffold for the Formation of Supramolecular Materials. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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32
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Castellucci N, Falini G, Angelici G, Tomasini C. Formation of gels in the presence of metal ions. Amino Acids 2011; 41:609-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Scheidt HA, Sickert A, Meier T, Castellucci N, Tomasini C, Huster D. The interaction of lipid modified pseudopeptides with lipid membranes. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6998-7006. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05652b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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