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Guo S, Liu L, Su F, Yang H, Liu G, Fan Y, He J, Lian Z, Li X, Guo W, Chen X, Jiang H. Monitoring Hierarchical Assembly of Ring-in-Ring and Russian Doll Complexes Based on Carbon Nanoring by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. JACS AU 2024; 4:402-410. [PMID: 38425918 PMCID: PMC10900207 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
We presented the construction of the ring-in-ring and Russian doll complexes on the basis of triptycene-derived carbon nanoring (TP-[12]CPP), which not only acts as a host for pillar[5]arene (P5A) but also serves as an energy donor for building Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) systems. We also demonstrated that their hierarchical assembly processes could be efficiently monitored in real time using FRET. NMR, UV-vis and fluorescence, and mass spectroscopy analyses confirmed the successful encapsulation of the guests P5A/P5A-An by TP-[12]CPP, facilitated by C-H···π and ···π interactions, resulting in the formation of a distinct ring-in-ring complex with a binding constant of Ka = 2.23 × 104 M-1. The encapsulated P5A/P5A-An can further reverse its role to be a host for binding energy acceptors to form Russian doll complexes, as evidenced by the occurrence of FRET and mass spectroscopy analyses. The apparent binding constant of the Russian doll complexes was up to 3.6 × 104 M-1, thereby suggesting an enhanced synergistic effect. Importantly, the Russian doll complexes exhibited both intriguing one-step and sequential FRET dependent on the subcomponent P5A/P5A-An during hierarchical assembly, reminiscent of the structure and energy transfer of the light-harvesting system presented in purple bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhu Guo
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Feng Su
- College
of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Huiji Yang
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Guoqin Liu
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Fan
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Jing He
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Lian
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Guo
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
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2
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Chen T, Zhao Y, Dang LL, Zhang TT, Lu XL, Chai YH, Lu MY, Aznarez F, Ma LF. Self-Assembly and Photothermal Conversion of MetallaRussian Doll and Metalla[2]catenanes Induced via Multiple Stacking Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18036-18047. [PMID: 37459092 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
A variety of organometallic supramolecular architectures have been constructed over the past decades and their properties were also explored via different strategies. However, the synthesis of metalla-Russian doll is still a fascinating challenge. Herein, a series of new coordination supramolecular complexes, including a metalla-Russian doll, metalla[2]catenanes, and metallarectangles, were synthesized by using meticulously selected Cp*Rh (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) building units (E1, E2, and E3) and three rigid anthracylpyridine ligands (L1, L2, and L3) via a self-assembly strategy. While the combination of the short ligand L1 and E1 or E2 generated two metallarectangles, the longer ligand L2 containing an alkynyl group resulted in two new [2]catenanes, most likely due to which the strong electron-donating effect of alkynyl groups causes self-accumulation. Interestingly, an unusual Russian doll assembly was obtained through the reaction of L3 and E3 based on sextuple π···π stacking interactions. Furthermore, the dynamic structural conversion between [2]catenanes and the corresponding metallarectangles could be observed through concentration-, solvent-, and guest-induced effects. The [2]catenane complexes 4b displayed efficient photothermal conversion efficiency in solution (20.2%), in comparison with other organometallic macrocycles. We believe that π···π stacking interactions generate active nonradiative pathways and promote radiative photodeactivation pathways. This study proves the versatility of half-sandwich building units, not only to build complicated supramolecular topologies but also in effective functional materials for various appealing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Li-Long Dang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Hang Chai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yu Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Francisco Aznarez
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Fang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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Glavinović M, Perras JH, Gelfand BS, Lin JB, Spasyuk DM, Zhou W, Shimizu GKH. Microporous Metal-Phosphonates with a Novel Orthogonalized Linker and Complementary Guests: Insights for Trivalent Metal Complexes from Divalent Metal Complexes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203835. [PMID: 36581566 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The reliable self-assembly of microporous metal-phosphonate materials remains a longstanding challenge. This stems from, generally, more coordination modes for the functional group allowing more dense structures, and stronger bonding driving less crystalline products. Here, a novel orthogonalized aryl-phosphonate linker, 1,3,5-tris(4'-phosphono-2',6'-dimethylphenyl) benzene (H6 L3) has been used to direct formation of open frameworks. The peripheral aryl rings of H6 L3 are orthogonalized relative to the central aromatic ring giving a tri-cleft conformation of the linker in which small aromatic molecules can readily associate. When coordinated to magnesium ions, a series of porous crystalline metal-organic, and hydrogen-bonded metal-organic frameworks (MOFs, HMOFs) are formed (CALF-41 (Mg), HCALF-42 (Mg), -43 (Mg)). While most metal-organic frameworks are tailored based on choice of metal and linker, here, the network structures are highly dependent on the inclusion and structure of the guest aromatic compounds. Larger guests, and a higher stoichiometry of metal, result in increased solvation of the metal ion, resulting in networks with connectivities increasingly involving hydrogen-bonds rather than direct phosphonate coordination. Upon thermal activation and aromatic template removal, the materials exhibit surface areas ranging from 400-600 m2 /g. Self-assembly in the absence of aromatic guests yields mixtures of phases, frequently co-producing a dense 3-fold interpenetrated structure (1). Interestingly, a series of both more porous (530-900 m2 /g), and more robust solids is formed by complexing with trivalent metal ions (Al, Ga, In) with aromatic guest; however, these are only attainable as microcrystalline powders. The polyprotic nature of phosphonate linkers enables structural analogy to the divalent analogues and these are identified as CALF-41 analogues. Finally, insights to the structural transformations during metal ion desolvation in this family are gained by considering a pair of structurally related Co materials, whose hydrogen-bonded (HCALF-44 (Co)) and desolvated (CALF-44 (Co)) coordination bonded networks were fully structurally characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Glavinović
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Justin H Perras
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Benjamin S Gelfand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jian-Bin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Denis M Spasyuk
- Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - George K H Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Manfroni G, Prescimone A, Constable EC, Housecroft CE. Stars and stripes: hexatopic tris(3,2':6',3''-terpyridine) ligands that unexpectedly form one-dimensional coordination polymers. CrystEngComm 2022; 24:491-503. [PMID: 35177954 PMCID: PMC8764615 DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The hexatopic ligands 1,3,5-tris(4,2':6',4''-terpyridin-4'-yl)benzene (1), 1,3,5-tris(3,2':6',3''-terpyridin-4'-yl)benzene (2), 1,3,5-tris{4-(4,2':6',4''-terpyridin-4'-yl)phenyl}benzene (3), 1,3,5-tris{4-(3,2':6',3''-terpyridin-4'-yl)phenyl}benzene (4) and 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris{4-(3,2':6',3''-terpyridin-4'-yl)phenyl}benzene (5) have been prepared and characterized. The single crystal structure of 1·1.75DMF was determined; 1 exhibits a propeller-shaped geometry with each of the three 4,2':6',4''-tpy domains being crystallographically independent. Packing of molecules of 1 is dominated by face-to-face π-stacking interactions which is consistent with the low solubility of 1 in common organic solvents. Reaction of 5 with [Cu(hfacac)2]·H2O (Hhfacac = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dione) under conditions of crystal growth by layering resulted in the formation of [Cu3(hfacac)6(5)] n ·2.8nC7H8·0.4nCHCl3. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals an unusual 1D-coordination polymer consisting of a series of alternating single and double loops. Each of the three crystallographically independent Cu atoms is octahedrally sited with cis-arrangements two N-donors from two different ligands 1 and, therefore, cis-arrangements of coordinated [hfacac]- ligands; this observation is unusual among compounds in the Cambridge Structural Database containing {Cu(hfacac)2N2} coordination units in which the two N-donors are in a non-chelating ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Manfroni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
| | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
| | - Catherine E Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058-Basel Switzerland
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5
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Vaganova TA, Gatilov YV, Pishchur DP, Malykhin EV. Polyfluorinated hydroxy and carboxy benzenes as a new type of H-donors for self-assembly with 18-crown-6 ether: Synthesis, supramolecular structure and stability of co-crystals. J Fluor Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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6
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Abstract
The host-guest recognition between two macrocycles to form hierarchical non-intertwined ring-in-ring assemblies remains an interesting and challenging target in noncovalent synthesis. Herein, we report the design and characterization of a box-in-box assembly on the basis of host-guest radical-pairing interactions between two rigid diradical dicationic cyclophanes. One striking feature of the box-in-box complex is its ability to host various 1,4-disubstituted benzene derivatives inside as a third component in the cavity of the smaller of the two diradical dicationic cyclophanes to produce hierarchical Russian doll like assemblies. These results highlight the utility of matching the dimensions of two different cyclophanes as an efficient approach for developing new hybrid supramolecular assemblies with radical-paired ring-in-ring complexes and smaller neutral guest molecules.
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Chandrasekhar P, Savitha G, Moorthy JN. Robust MOFs of “tsg” Topology Based on Trigonal Prismatic Organic and Metal Cluster SBUs: Single Crystal to Single Crystal Postsynthetic Metal Exchange and Selective CO2
Capture. Chemistry 2017; 23:7297-7305. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Govardhan Savitha
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Kanpur 208016 India
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8
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Chandrasekhar P, Bajpai A, Savitha G, Moorthy JN. Concomitant Formation of Compositionally Distinct Coordination Polymers Based on a Triacid Linker: Solvent‐Mediated Metamorphosis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alankriti Bajpai
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology 208016 Kanpur India
| | - Govardhan Savitha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology 208016 Kanpur India
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9
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Jhulki S, Chow TJ, Moorthy JN. Benzophenone-imbedded benzoyltriptycene with high triplet energy for application as a universal host material in phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00200e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzoyltriptycene functions as a very good host material for blue, green, yellow and red dopants in PhOLED devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samik Jhulki
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Tahsin J. Chow
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Republic of China
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10
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Bajpai A, Mukhopadhyay A, Krishna MS, Govardhan S, Moorthy JN. A fluorescent paramagnetic Mn metal-organic framework based on semi-rigid pyrene tetra-carboxylic acid: sensing of solvent polarity and explosive nitroaromatics. IUCRJ 2015; 2:552-62. [PMID: 26306197 PMCID: PMC4547823 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252515012506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An Mn metal-organic framework (Mn-MOF), Mn-L, based on a pyrene-tetraacid linker (H4 L), displays a respectable fluorescence quantum yield of 8.3% in spite of the presence of the paramagnetic metal ions, due presumably to fixation of the metal ions in geometries that do not allow complete energy/charge-transfer quenching. Remarkably, the porous Mn-L MOF with ∼25% solvent-accessible volume exhibits a heretofore unprecedented solvent-dependent fluorescence emission maximum, permitting its use as a probe of solvent polarity; the emission maxima in different solvents correlate excellently with Reichardt's solvent polarity parameter (E T (N)). Further, the applicability of Mn-L to the sensing of nitroaromatics via fluorescence quenching is demonstrated; the detection limit for TNT is shown to be 125 p.p.m. The results bring out the fact that MOFs based on paramagnetic metal ions can indeed find application when the quenching mechanisms are attenuated by certain geometries of the organic linkers of the MOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alankriti Bajpai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | | | | | - Savitha Govardhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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11
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Bajpai A, Chandrasekhar P, Govardhan S, Banerjee R, Moorthy JN. Single Crystal-to-Single Crystal Site-Selective Postsynthetic Metal Exchange in a Zn-MOF Based on Semi-Rigid Tricarboxylic Acid and Access to Bimetallic MOFs. Chemistry 2014; 21:2759-65. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Li J, Nowak P, Otto S. An Allosteric Receptor by Simultaneous “Casting” and “Molding” in a Dynamic Combinatorial Library. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Seth S, Venugopalan P, Moorthy JN. Porous Coordination Polymers of Diverse Topologies Based on a Twisted Tetrapyridylbiaryl: Application as Nucleophilic Catalysts for Acetylation of Phenols. Chemistry 2014; 21:2241-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Li J, Nowak P, Otto S. An allosteric receptor by simultaneous "casting" and "molding" in a dynamic combinatorial library. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:833-7. [PMID: 25430978 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Allosteric synthetic receptors are difficult to access by design. Herein we report a dynamic combinatorial strategy towards such systems based on the simultaneous use of two different templates. Through a process of simultaneous casting (the assembly of a library member around a template) and molding (the assembly of a library member inside the binding pocket of a template), a Russian-doll-like termolecular complex was obtained with remarkable selectivity. Analysis of the stepwise formation of the complex indicates that binding of the two partners by the central macrocycle exhibits significant positive cooperativity. Such allosteric systems represent hubs that may have considerable potential in systems chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands) http://www.otto-lab.com
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15
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Guest-responsive structural adaptation of a rationally-designed molecular tweezer based on Tröger’s base. J CHEM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-014-0708-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Bajpai A, Venugopalan P, Moorthy JN. Self-assembly of sterically-rigidified 3-connecting benzenetribenzoic acid into (6,3) and (3,3) nets and stabilization of water channel in the crystal lattice. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42515k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A rigid 3-connecting triacid MeBTB was designed and synthesized in the quest of guest inclusion in the pores of honeycomb network structures generated based on the acid dimer-mediated self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alankriti Bajpai
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016, India
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17
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Bajpai A, Natarajan P, Venugopalan P, Moorthy JN. Crystal Engineering: Lattice Inclusion Based on O–H···O Hydrogen-Bonded Self-Assembly and Guest-Induced Structural Mimicry. J Org Chem 2012; 77:7858-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3010292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alankriti Bajpai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Palani Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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