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Ballesteros-Garrido R. Recent developments in the synthesis of 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-azaindoles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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2
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Abu-Melha S, Gomha SM, Abouzied AS, Edrees MM, Abo Dena AS, Muhammad ZA. Microwave-Assisted One Pot Three-Component Synthesis of Novel Bioactive Thiazolyl-Pyridazinediones as Potential Antimicrobial Agents against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144260. [PMID: 34299535 PMCID: PMC8303757 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridazine and thiazole derivatives have various biological activities such as antimicrobial, analgesic, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antitubercular and other anticipated biological properties. Chitosan can be used as heterogeneous phase transfer basic biocatalyst in heterocyclic syntheses. Novel 1-thiazolyl-pyridazinedione derivatives were prepared via multicomponent synthesis under microwave irradiation as ecofriendly energy source and using the eco-friendly naturally occurring chitosan basic catalyst with high/efficient yields and short reaction time. All the prepared compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods, and their in vitro biological activities were investigated. The obtained results were compared with those of standard antibacterial/antifungal agents. DFT calculations and molecular docking studies were used to investigate the electronic properties and molecular interactions with specific microbial receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraa Abu-Melha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-M.); (M.M.E.)
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University in Almadinah Almonawara, Almadinah Almonawara 42351, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +20-237-400-304
| | - Amr S. Abouzied
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12311, Egypt; (A.S.A.D.); (Z.A.M.)
| | - Mastoura M. Edrees
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-M.); (M.M.E.)
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12311, Egypt; (A.S.A.D.); (Z.A.M.)
| | - Ahmed S. Abo Dena
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12311, Egypt; (A.S.A.D.); (Z.A.M.)
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Zeinab A. Muhammad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12311, Egypt; (A.S.A.D.); (Z.A.M.)
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3
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Abu-Melha S, Muhammad ZA, Abouzid AS, Edrees MM, Abo Dena AS, Nabil S, Gomha SM. Multicomponent synthesis, DFT calculations and molecular docking studies of novel thiazolyl-pyridazinones as potential antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4
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Khafizova LO, Shaibakova MG, Rikhter NA, Tyumkina TV, Dzhemilev UM. One-pot synthesis of 2,3,5-substituted 1H-pyrroles via the reaction of terminal acetylenes with nitriles and EtAlCl2 catalyzed by Сp2TiCl2. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Microwave-assisted one pot three-component synthesis of some novel pyrazole scaffolds as potent anticancer agents. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:37. [PMID: 29086808 PMCID: PMC5422217 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-017-0266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pyrazoles, thiazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities. Results An efficient and a novel approach for the synthesis of some novel pyrazole based-azoles are described via multi-component reaction under controlled microwave heating conditions. The structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro activities against two antitumor cell lines, human lung cancer and human hepatocellular carcinoma compared with the employed standard antitumor drug (cisplatin). Conclusions All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity against human lung cancer and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines using MTT assay. The results obtained exploring the high potency of six of the tested compounds compared with cisplatin. Microwave-assisted one pot three-component synthesis of some novel pyrazole scaffolds as potent anticancer agents ![]()
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Chen M, Zhao Y, Yan L, Yang S, Zhu Y, Murtaza I, He G, Meng H, Huang W. A Unique Blend of 2-Fluorenyl-2-anthracene and 2-Anthryl-2-anthracence Showing White Emission and High Charge Mobility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:722-727. [PMID: 27936319 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
White-light-emitting materials with high mobility are necessary for organic white-light-emitting transistors, which can be used for self-driven OLED displays or OLED lighting. In this study, we combined two materials with similar structures-2-fluorenyl-2-anthracene (FlAnt) with blue emission and 2-anthryl-2-anthracence (2A) with greenish-yellow emission-to fabricate OLED devices, which showed unusual solid-state white-light emission with the CIE coordinates (0.33, 0.34) at 10 V. The similar crystal structures ensured that the OTFTs based on mixed FlAnt and 2A showed high mobility of 1.56 cm2 V-1 s-1 . This simple method provides new insight into the design of high-performance white-emitting transistor materials and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Lijia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for TFT-LCD Materials and Technologies, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Imran Murtaza
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.,Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Gufeng He
- National Engineering Laboratory for TFT-LCD Materials and Technologies, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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7
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Chen M, Zhao Y, Yan L, Yang S, Zhu Y, Murtaza I, He G, Meng H, Huang W. A Unique Blend of 2‐Fluorenyl‐2‐anthracene and 2‐Anthryl‐2‐anthracence Showing White Emission and High Charge Mobility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Lijia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Shuai Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for TFT-LCD Materials and Technologies, Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Imran Murtaza
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
- Department of Physics International Islamic University Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Gufeng He
- National Engineering Laboratory for TFT-LCD Materials and Technologies, Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Hong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM) Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
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8
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Nickel J, Fernández M, Klier L, Knochel P. Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,3-d
]pyrimidines by Copper-Mediated Carbomagnesiations of N
-Sulfonyl Ynamides and Application to the Preparation of Rigidin A and a 7-Azaserotonin Derivative. Chemistry 2016; 22:14397-400. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nickel
- Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München; Department Chemie; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Maitane Fernández
- Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München; Department Chemie; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Lydia Klier
- Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München; Department Chemie; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München; Department Chemie; Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
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9
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Altenburger K, Arndt P, Becker L, Reiß F, Burlakov VV, Spannenberg A, Baumann W, Rosenthal U. Multiple and Highly Selective Alkyne-Isonitrile C-C and C-N Couplings at Group 4 Metallocenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:9169-80. [PMID: 27226122 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of the group 4 metallocene alkyne complexes [Cp'2 M(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )] [Cp'2 =rac-(ebthi)=rac-1,2-ethylene-1,1'-bis(η(5) -tetrahydroindenyl): M=Ti, Zr, Hf; Cp'2 =Cp*2 (Cp*=η(5) -pentamethylcyclopentadienyl): M=Zr] with 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide (2-xylyl isonitrile, XyNC) were investigated. Depending on the metal, the Cp' ligand, and/or the stoichiometry, as well as the reaction temperature and time, different products were obtained. The products included simple end-on coordination compounds of XyNC in addition to those of the coupling of Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 with two, three, or four isonitriles to form enimine complexes, aza-metallacycloallenes, and fused heterocyclic systems, respectively. One example of the latter tricyclic compounds was subject to demetalation by using HCl. Molecular structures of the heterometallacycles were determined by X-ray crystallography. The interconversion of the products was investigated by (1) H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Altenburger
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Perdita Arndt
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lisanne Becker
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Vladimir V Burlakov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumann
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
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10
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Xiang L, Xie Z. Reaction of [η1:η5-(R2NCH2CH2)C2B9H10]TaMe3 with Isonitriles: Effects of Nitrogen Substituents on Product Formation. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- Department of Chemistry and State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin,
New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin,
New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Xiang L, Xie Z. Tantallacarborane Mediated Consecutive C–C and C–N Coupling Reactions of Alkyl Isonitriles: A Facile Route to N-Heterocycles. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- Department of Chemistry and
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and
State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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12
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Xiong M, Yu S, Xie X, Li S, Liu Y. Reactions of Zirconocene–1-Aza-1,3-diene Complexes with Acyl Cyanides: Substrate-Dependent Synthesis of Acyl- or Non-Acyl-Substituted Pyrroles. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shasha Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Tian M, He Y, Zhang X, Fan X. Synthesis of Pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoindoles and Pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoindole-3-carboxamides through One-Pot Cascade Reactions of 1-(2-Bromophenyl)buta-2,3-dien-1-ones with Isocyanide and Hydrazine or Acetohydrazide. J Org Chem 2015; 80:7447-55. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for
Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical
Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for
Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for
Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical
Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for
Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for
Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical
Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for
Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for
Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical
Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for
Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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14
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15
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Gomha SM, Eldebss TMA, Badrey MG, Abdulla MM, Mayhoub AS. Novel 4-heteroaryl-antipyrines as DPP-IV inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:1292-303. [PMID: 26032047 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a vast growing progressive disease that almost affects one person among every twelve globally. Regardless the availability of wide variety of oral hypoglycemics, only one-third of patients achieves proper glycemic control. With the advantage of the low risk of hypoglycemia, DPP-IV attracted the attention of medicinal chemists as a new target for oral hypoglycemics. In this report, a lead compound 1, with antipyrine scaffold, was obtained, and its binding mode was calculated. Several derivatives with bridged nitrogenous heterocycles have been synthesized via multicomponent reaction under controlled microwave heating conditions. The antidiabetic activity versus DPP-IV protein was evaluated and compared with sitagliptin. Compounds with smaller- or medium-sized nitrogenous bridges were comparable with sitagliptin in terms of DPP-IV inhibitory activity, potentially via targeting Glu203 and Glu204. The oral hypoglycemic activities of compounds with submicromolar IC50 values were further evaluated using diabetic mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhi M Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Taha M A Eldebss
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G Badrey
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | | | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.,Al-Andalous for Pharmaceutical Industries, 6th of October City, Egypt
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16
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Boyarskiy VP, Bokach NA, Luzyanin KV, Kukushkin VY. Metal-Mediated and Metal-Catalyzed Reactions of Isocyanides. Chem Rev 2015; 115:2698-779. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500380d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim P. Boyarskiy
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A. Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin V. Luzyanin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Stary Petergof, Russian Federation
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17
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Yu S, Sun R, Chen H, Xie X, Liu Y. Zirconium-Mediated Multicomponent Reactions of 1,3-Butadiynes with Ylidenemalononitriles to Form Functionalized 1,8-Naphthyridine and Cyclopenta[b]pyridine Derivatives. Chemistry 2014; 21:1420-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Yu S, Xiong M, Xie X, Liu Y. Insertion of Nitriles into Zirconocene 1-aza-1,3-diene Complexes: Chemoselective Synthesis of N-H and N-Substituted Pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201407221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Yu S, Xiong M, Xie X, Liu Y. Insertion of nitriles into zirconocene 1-aza-1,3-diene complexes: chemoselective synthesis of N-H and N-substituted pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11596-9. [PMID: 25205544 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201407221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The direct insertion of nitriles into zirconocene-1-aza-1,3-diene complexes provides an efficient, chemoselective, and controllable synthesis of N-H and N-substituted pyrroles upon acidic aqueous work-up. The outcome of the reaction (that is, the formation of N-H or N-substituted pyrroles) results from the different cyclization patterns, which depend on the relative stability and reactivity of the enamine-imine tautomers formed by hydrolysis of the diazazirconacycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 (P. R. China)
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20
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Zhao J, Zhang S, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Coordination-induced skeletal rearrangements of zirconacyclobutene–silacyclobutene fused complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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You X, Xie X, Sun R, Chen H, Li S, Liu Y. Titanium-mediated cross-coupling reactions of 1,3-butadiynes with α-iminonitriles to 3-aminopyrroles: observation of an imino aza-Nazarov cyclization. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00159a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ti(OiPr)4/2 nBuLi-mediated highly efficient cross-coupling reactions of 1,3-butadiynes with α-iminonitriles are described, which provide convenient access to functionalized 3-aminopyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhao J, Zhang S, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Reaction of Titanacyclobutene–Silacyclobutene Fused-Ring Complexes with Nitriles via Formal Insertion of the C–N Triple Bond of Nitrile into the Silacyclobutene Ring. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om401065c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences
(BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory
of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
(SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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23
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You X, Yu S, Liu Y. Reactions of Zirconocene Butadiyne or Monoyne Complexes with Nitriles: Straightfoward Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrimidines. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400880r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu You
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shasha Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Frischmuth A, Knochel P. Preparation of Functionalized Indoles and Azaindoles by the Intramolecular Copper-Mediated Carbomagnesiation of Ynamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10084-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Synthese von funktionalisierten Indolen und Azaindolen durch intramolekulare Kupfer-vermittelte Carbomagnesierung von Inamiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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26
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27
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Becker L, Burlakov VV, Arndt P, Spannenberg A, Baumann W, Jiao H, Rosenthal U. Reactions of Group 4 Metallocene Complexes with Mono- and Diphenylacetonitrile: Formation of Unusual Four- and Six-Membered Metallacycles. Chemistry 2013; 19:4230-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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28
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Xiang L, Mashima K, Xie Z. Reaction of [η1:η5-(Me2NCH2CH2)C2B9H10]TaMe3 with aryl isonitriles: tantallacarborane-mediated facile cleavage of C–N multiple bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9039-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc44446e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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29
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Beweries T, Haehnel M, Rosenthal U. Recent advances in the chemistry of heterometallacycles of group 4 metallocenes. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cy20603j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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30
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Zhao J, Zhang S, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Reactivity of Seven-Membered Azazirconacycloallenes and Four-Membered Zirconacycles toward Diphenylacetonitrile. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300949a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory
of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People's Republic
of China
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic
of China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic
of China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic
of China
- State Key Laboratory
of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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31
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Fei XD, Ge ZY, Tang T, Zhu YM, Ji SJ. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of isocoumarins and phthalides via tert-butyl isocyanide insertion. J Org Chem 2012; 77:10321-8. [PMID: 23101723 DOI: 10.1021/jo302004u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel and highly efficient strategy for the synthesis of isocoumarins and phthalides through a palladium(0)-catalyzed reaction incorporating tert-butyl isocyanide has been developed. This process, providing one of the simplest methods for the synthesis of this class of valuable lactones, involves two steps including cyclization reaction and simple acid hydrolysis. The methodology is tolerant of a wide range of substrates and applicable to library synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Dong Fei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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32
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Yu S, You X, Liu Y. Unexpected zirconium-mediated multicomponent reactions of conjugated 1,3-butadiynes and monoynes with acyl cyanide derivatives. Chemistry 2012; 18:13936-40. [PMID: 23019049 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Going ber(zirc): zirconium-butadiyne complexes react with acyl cyanide derivatives through diverse reaction pathways. The complexes react with two molecules of carbamoyl cyanide to form 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one-derivatives containing azazirconacycles. Reactions with either aroyl cyanides or alkyl cyanoformates lead to azazirconacyclopentenes containing a quaternary carbon center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
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33
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Wang L, Duan Z. Formation of silacycles via metal-mediated or catalyzed Si-C bond cleavage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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34
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Van Baelen G, Kuijer S, Rýček L, Sergeyev S, Janssen E, de Kanter FJJ, Maes BUW, Ruijter E, Orru RVA. Synthesis of 4-Aminoquinazolines by Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Imidoylation of N-(2-Bromoaryl)amidines. Chemistry 2011; 17:15039-44. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Zhang WX, Zhang S, Xi Z. Zirconocene and Si-tethered diynes: a happy match directed toward organometallic chemistry and organic synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:541-51. [PMID: 21612215 DOI: 10.1021/ar200078e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing reactive organometallic intermediates is critical for understanding the mechanistic aspects of metal-mediated organic reactions. Moreover, the isolation of reactive organometallic intermediates can often result in the ability to design new synthetic methods. In this Account, we outline synthetic methods that we developed for a variety of diverse Zr/Si organo-bimetallic compounds and Si/N heteroatom-organic compounds through the detailed study of zirconacyclobutene-silacyclobutene fused compounds. Two basic components are involved in this chemistry. The first is the Si-tethered diyne, which owes its rich reactive palette to the combination of the Si-C bond and the C≡C triple bond. The second is the low-valent zirconocene species Cp(2)Zr(II), which has proven very useful in organic synthesis. The reaction of these two components affords the zirconacyclobutene-silacyclobutene fused compound, which is the key reactive Zr/Si organo-bimetallic intermediate discussed here. We discuss the three types of reactions that have been developed for the zirconacyclobutene-silacyclobutene fused intermediate. The reaction with nitriles (the C≡N triple bond) is introduced in the first section. In this one-pot reaction, up to four different components can be combined: the Si-tethered diyne can be reacted with three identical nitriles, with differing nitriles, or with a nitrile and other unsaturated organic substrates such as formamides, isocyanides, acid chlorides, aldehydes, carbodiimides, and azides. Several unexpected multiring, fused Zr/Si organo-bimetallic intermediates were isolated and characterized. A wide variety of N-heterocycles, such as 5-azaindole, pyrrole, and pyrroloazepine derivatives, were obtained. We then discuss the reaction with alkynes (the C≡C triple bond). A consecutive skeletal rearrangement, differing from that observed in the reactions with nitriles, takes place in this reaction. Finally, we discuss the reaction with the C═X substrates (where X is O or N), including ketones, aldehydes, and isocyanides. Oxa- and azazirconacycles are formed via a new skeletal rearrangement. Our results show that the zirconocene and the Si-tethered diyne cooperate as a "chemical transformer" after treatment with various substrates, leading to a diverse range of cyclic Zr/Si organo-bimetallic compounds. This mechanism-derived synthesis of organometallic and organic compounds demonstrates that the investigation of metal-mediated reactions and the isolation of reactive organometallic intermediates not only contribute to the understanding of complex reactions but can also lead to the discovery of synthetically useful methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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36
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Zhao J, Zhang S, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Formation of Zirconocenes Containing Vinyl-imine and Keteniminate Species from Zirconacycles and Diphenylacetonitrile. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200404p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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37
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Calvet G, Livecchi M, Schmidt F. Synthesis of Polysubstituted 5-Azaindoles via Palladium-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of Diarylalkynes. J Org Chem 2011; 76:4734-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200480h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Calvet
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d′Ulm, Paris F-75248, France
- CNRS, UMR 176, 26 rue d′Ulm, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Marion Livecchi
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d′Ulm, Paris F-75248, France
- CNRS, UMR 176, 26 rue d′Ulm, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Frédéric Schmidt
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d′Ulm, Paris F-75248, France
- CNRS, UMR 176, 26 rue d′Ulm, Paris F-75248, France
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38
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Zhang S, Zhao J, Zhang WX, Xi Z. One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyridazines and Pyrrole-2,3-diones via Zirconocene-Mediated Four-Component Coupling of Si-Tethered Diyne, Nitriles, and Azide. Org Lett 2011; 13:1626-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200038n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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39
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Zhang S, Zhang WX, Zhao J, Xi Z. One-Pot Selective Syntheses of 5-Azaindoles through Zirconocene-Mediated Multicomponent Reactions with Three Different Nitrile Components and One Alkyne Component. Chemistry 2011; 17:2442-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Zhang S, Zhang WX, Zhao J, Xi Z. Cleavage and reorganization of Zr-C/Si-C bonds leading to Zr/Si-N organometallic and heterocyclic compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 132:14042-5. [PMID: 20860395 DOI: 10.1021/ja1074932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The t-BuCN-stabilized zirconacyclopropene-azasilacyclopentadiene complexes 2 are generated in situ in high yields from the Si-tethered diynes, Cp(2)Zr(II) species, and 2 equiv of t-BuCN via a coordination-induced Zr-C/Si-C bond cleavage and reorganization. Complexes 2 have been demonstrated to be synthetically very useful. A variety of novel Zr/Si organo-bimetallic compounds and Si/N heterocyclic compounds, such as azasilacyclopentadienes, azasilacyclohexadienes, and allenylazazirconacycles, are obtained in high yields when complexes 2 are treated with ketones, carbodiimides, alkynes, elemental sulfur (S(8)), acid chlorides, or nitriles. In this chemistry, t-BuCN behaves as both an initiator and a brake/release handle to initiate and control the reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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