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Kumar A, Krishna, Sharma A, Dhankhar J, Syeda S, Shrivastava A, Sharma SK. Self‐Assembly and Transport Behaviour of Non‐ionic Fluorinated and Alkylated Amphiphiles for Drug Delivery. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Kumar
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Krishna
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Antara Sharma
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Jyoti Dhankhar
- Department of Zoology University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Saima Syeda
- Department of Zoology University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | | | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
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2
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Ucar H, Wagenknecht HA. DNA-templated control of chirality and efficient energy transport in supramolecular DNA architectures with aggregation-induced emission. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10048-10053. [PMID: 34377398 PMCID: PMC8317660 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two conjugates of tetraphenylethylene with d-2′-deoxyuridine (1d) and l-2′-deoxyuridine (1l) were synthesized to construct new supramolecular DNA-architectures by self-assembly. The non-templated assemblies of 1d and 1l show strong aggregation-induced emission and their chirality is exclusively controlled by the configuration of their sugar part. In contrast, the chirality of the DNA-templated assemblies is governed by the configuration of the DNA, and there is no configuration-selective binding of 1d to d-A20 and 1l to l-A20. The quantum yield of the assembly of 1d along the single-stranded DNA A20 is 0.40; approximately every second available binding site on the DNA template is occupied by 1d. The strong aggregation-induced emission of these DNA architectures can be efficiently quenched and the excitation energy can be transported to Atto dyes at the 5′-terminus. A multistep energy transport “hopping” precedes the final energy transfer to the terminal acceptor. The building block 1d promotes this energy transport as stepping stones. This was elucidated by reference DNA double strands in which 1d was covalently incorporated at two distinct sites in the sequences, one near the Atto dye, and one farther away. This new type of completely self-assembled supramolecular DNA architecture is hierarchically ordered and the DNA template controls not only the binding but also the energy transport properties. The high intensity of the aggregation-induced emission and the excellent energy transport properties make these DNA-based materials promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. DNA architectures with tetraphenylethylene are assembled in a non-covalent way. The strong aggregation-induced emission of the chromophores is quenched and the energy is transported to Atto dyes by a multistep energy “hopping”.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Ucar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe German
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe German
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3
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Kostjukova LO, Leontieva SV, Kostjukov VV. The Vibronic Absorption Spectrum and Electronic States of Nile Red in Aqueous Solution. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila O. Kostjukova
- Physics Department Nakhimov Black Sea Higher Naval School Dybenko 1a 299028 Sevastopol Crimea
| | - Svetlana V. Leontieva
- Physics Department Nakhimov Black Sea Higher Naval School Dybenko 1a 299028 Sevastopol Crimea
| | - Viktor V. Kostjukov
- Physics Department Sevastopol State University Universitetskaya 33 299053 Sevastopol Crimea
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4
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Hofsäβ R, Ensslen P, Wagenknecht HA. Control of helical chirality in supramolecular chromophore-DNA architectures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1330-1333. [PMID: 30638231 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08887j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Four different d- and l-configured chromophore-2'-deoxyuridine conjugates were applied to elucidate the helical chirality of their non-covalent assemblies along the d- and l-configured DNA templates by optical spectroscopy. There is no configuration-selective recognition between these nucleosides and the DNA templates. The helicity of the DNA assemblies is either controlled by the configuration of the DNA template or by the nucleoside configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hofsäβ
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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5
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Hofsäß R, Sinn S, Biedermann F, Wagenknecht HA. Programmable and Sequence-Selective Supramolecular Assembly of Two Different Chromophores along DNA Templates. Chemistry 2018; 24:16257-16261. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hofsäß
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Stephan Sinn
- Institute of Nanotechnology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute of Nanotechnology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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6
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Ishutkina MV, Berry AR, Hussain R, Khelevina OG, Siligardi G, Stulz E. Self-Assembled Porphyrazine Nucleosides on DNA Templates: Highly Fluorescent Chromophore Arrays and Sizing Forensic Tandem Repeat Sequences. European J Org Chem 2018; 2018:5054-5059. [PMID: 30333712 PMCID: PMC6174987 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The formation of chromophore arrays using a DNA templating approach leads to the creation of supramolecular assemblies, where the optical properties of the overall system can be fine-tuned to a large extent. In particular, porphyrin derivatives have been shown to be versatile building blocks; mostly covalent chemistry was used for embedding the units into DNA strands. Self-assembly of porphyrin modified nucleosides, on the other hand, has not been investigated as a simplified approach. We report on the synthesis of a magnesium(II) tetraaza porphine (MgTAP) coupled to deoxyuridine, and array formation on DNA templates which contain well-defined oligo(dA) segments showing strong fluorescence enhancement which is significantly larger than that with a Zn-porphyrin. The use of the deep-eutectic solvent glycholine is essential for successful assembly formation. The system allows for sizing of short tandem repeat markers with multiple adenosines, thus the concept could be adaptable to in vitro forensic DNA profiling with a suitable set of different chromophores on all nucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia V. Ishutkina
- Department of Organic ChemistryIvanovo State University of Chemistry and TechnologySheremetev Av. 7RF‐153000IvanovoRussia
| | - Alice R. Berry
- School of Chemistry & Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSO17 1BJSouthamptonUK
| | - Rohanah Hussain
- Diamond Light SourceHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0DEOxfordshireUK
| | - Olga G. Khelevina
- Department of Organic ChemistryIvanovo State University of Chemistry and TechnologySheremetev Av. 7RF‐153000IvanovoRussia
| | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light SourceHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0DEOxfordshireUK
| | - Eugen Stulz
- School of Chemistry & Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSO17 1BJSouthamptonUK
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7
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Adachi K, Ura Y, Kanetada N. Stimuli-triggered reversible switching mechanism between H- and J-type supramolecular assemblies of cationic porphyrins adsorbed on tungsten(VI) oxide surface. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618500372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular organic dye–inorganic semiconductor nanocrystal assemblies are potentially useful in a broad range of technologies and applications, including photovoltaic systems, but the molecular basis of the adsorption of dye molecules onto the semiconductor surfaces remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the pH-dependent adsorption and conformational change of two cationic porphyrin stereoisomers [5,10-diphenyl-15,20-di([Formula: see text]-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (cis-DMPyP) and 5,15-diphenyl-10,20-di([Formula: see text]-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (trans-DMPyP)] on the tungsten(VI) oxide (WO[Formula: see text] colloid nanoparticle in aqueous media by means of UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. In accordance with the combination of a modified Langmuir adsorption model and Kasha’s exciton coupling model, the molecular orientation and stacking arrangement of DMPyP derivatives on the WO[Formula: see text] colloid surface are discussed in detail. In the trans-DMPyP/WO[Formula: see text] aqueous system, trans-DMPyP molecules adopted flat-on orientation with respect to the WO[Formula: see text] colloid surface and eventually formed head-to-tail [Formula: see text]-dimers regardless of pH conditions. cis-DMPyP molecules in the acidic system also lay flat-on and mainly formed [Formula: see text]-dimers on the WO[Formula: see text] colloid surface, whereas ones in the neutral system exhibited a dominant edge-on orientation and had a higher tendency to form face-to-face [Formula: see text]-dimers. Additionally, we have also convincingly demonstrated the pH-triggered switchable [Formula: see text]-stacking geometry of cis-DMPyP molecules from [Formula: see text]- to [Formula: see text]-dimer and vice versa on the WO[Formula: see text] colloid surface. Such findings will undoubtedly provide a pertinent guideline for the rational design of stimuli-responsive organic-inorganic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Adachi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences & Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8512, Japan
- Opto-Energy Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yukimasa Ura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences & Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8512, Japan
| | - Naoya Kanetada
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Graduate School of Science & Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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8
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Takada T, Ishino S, Takata A, Nakamura M, Fujitsuka M, Majima T, Yamana K. Rapid Electron Transfer of Stacked Heterodimers of Perylene Diimide Derivatives in a DNA Duplex. Chemistry 2018; 24:8228-8232. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadao Takada
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Syunya Ishino
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Ami Takata
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Mitsunobu Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Mamoru Fujitsuka
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN); Osaka University; Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Tetsuro Majima
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN); Osaka University; Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Kazushige Yamana
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
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Zhang Y, Yue T, Cao H, Gao Y, Zhang W. Photocontrollable Supramolecular Self-Assembly of a Porphyrin Derivative that Contains a Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS). ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Tao Yue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Yun Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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10
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Thelu HVP, Albert SK, Golla M, Krishnan N, Yamijala SB, Nair SV, Srinivasula SM, Varghese R. DNA-Decorated Luminescent Vesicles as Drug Carriers. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Veera Prasad Thelu
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
| | - Shine K. Albert
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
| | - Murali Golla
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
| | - Nithiyanandan Krishnan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
| | | | | | | | - Reji Varghese
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); CET campus Trivandrum- 695016 India
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11
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Tian S, Liu G, Wang X, Zhang G, Hu J. pH-Responsive Tumor-Targetable Theranostic Nanovectors Based on Core Crosslinked (CCL) Micelles with Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance (MR) Dual Imaging Modalities and Drug Delivery Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8060226. [PMID: 30979319 PMCID: PMC6432225 DOI: 10.3390/polym8060226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of novel theranostic nanovectors is of particular interest in treating formidable diseases (e.g., cancers). Herein, we report a new tumor-targetable theranostic agent based on core crosslinked (CCL) micelles, possessing tumor targetable moieties and fluorescence and magnetic resonance (MR) dual imaging modalities. An azide-terminated diblock copolymer, N₃-POEGMA-b-P(DPA-co-GMA), was synthesized via consecutive atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), where OEGMA, DPA, and GMA are oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate, 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate, respectively. The resulting diblock copolymer was further functionalized with DOTA(Gd) (DOTA is 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrakisacetic acid) or benzaldehyde moieties via copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry, resulting in the formation of DOTA(Gd)-POEGMA-b-P(DPA-co-GMA) and benzaldehyde-POEGMA-b-P(DPA-co-GMA) copolymers. The resultant block copolymers co-assembled into mixed micelles at neutral pH in the presence of tetrakis[4-(2-mercaptoethoxy)phenyl]ethylene (TPE-4SH), which underwent spontaneous crosslinking reactions with GMA residues embedded within the micellar cores, simultaneously switching on TPE fluorescence due to the restriction of intramolecular rotation. Moreover, camptothecin (CPT) was encapsulated into the crosslinked cores at neutral pH, and tumor-targeting pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP, sequence: AEQNPIYWARYADWLFTTPLLLLDLALLVDADEGTCG) moieties were attached to the coronas through the Schiff base chemistry, yielding a theranostic nanovector with fluorescence and MR dual imaging modalities and tumor-targeting capability. The nanovectors can be efficiently taken up by A549 cells, as monitored by TPE fluorescence. After internalization, intracellular acidic pH triggered the release of loaded CPT, killing cancer cells in a selective manner. On the other hand, the nanovectors labeled with DOTA(Gd) contrast agents exhibited increased relaxivity (r₁ = 16.97 mM-1·s-1) compared to alkynyl-DOTA(Gd) small molecule precursor (r₁ = 3.16 mM-1·s-1). Moreover, in vivo MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) measurements revealed CCL micelles with pHLIP peptides exhibiting better tumor accumulation and MR imaging performance as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidan Tian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Guhuan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Jinming Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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12
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Nile blue and Nile red optical properties predicted by TD-DFT and CASPT2 methods: static and dynamic solvent effects. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Börgardts M, Verlinden K, Neidhardt M, Wöhrle T, Herbst A, Laschat S, Janiak C, Müller TJJ. Synthesis and optical properties of covalently bound Nile Red in mesoporous silica hybrids – comparison of dye distribution of materials prepared by facile grafting and by co-condensation routes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22736d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorescence dye Nile Red (NR) can be covalently ligated to hexagonally ordered, mesoporous MCM-41 materialsviaco-condensation and post grafting routes for investigating differences in the dye distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Börgardts
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Kathrin Verlinden
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Manuel Neidhardt
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Tobias Wöhrle
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Annika Herbst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- D-40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
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14
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Albert SK, Golla M, Thelu HVP, Krishnan N, Deepak P, Varghese R. Synthesis and self-assembly of DNA–chromophore hybrid amphiphiles. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6960-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00681g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA based amphiphiles are synthesized through a modular “click” chemistry approach, and the DNA–chromophore hybrid amphiphiles undergo amphiphilicity-driven self-assembly into vesicular or micellar nanostructures having a DNA shell and functional core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shine K. Albert
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM)
- Trivandrum-695016
- India
| | - Murali Golla
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM)
- Trivandrum-695016
- India
| | - Hari Veera Prasad Thelu
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM)
- Trivandrum-695016
- India
| | - Nithiyanandan Krishnan
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM)
- Trivandrum-695016
- India
| | - Perapaka Deepak
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM)
- Trivandrum-695016
- India
| | - Reji Varghese
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM)
- Trivandrum-695016
- India
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15
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Ensslen P, Gärtner S, Glaser K, Colsmann A, Wagenknecht HA. A DNA-Fullerene Conjugate as a Template for Supramolecular Chromophore Assemblies: Towards DNA-Based Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1904-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ensslen
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Stefan Gärtner
- Lichttechnisches Institut; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Engesserstrasse 13 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Konstantin Glaser
- Lichttechnisches Institut; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Engesserstrasse 13 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Alexander Colsmann
- Lichttechnisches Institut; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Engesserstrasse 13 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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16
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Ensslen P, Gärtner S, Glaser K, Colsmann A, Wagenknecht HA. Ein DNA-Fulleren-Konjugat als Templat für supramolekulare Chromophorstapel: Auf dem Weg zu DNA-basierten Solarzellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ensslen
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Stefan Gärtner
- Lichttechnisches Institut; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Engesserstrasse 13 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Konstantin Glaser
- Lichttechnisches Institut; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Engesserstrasse 13 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Alexander Colsmann
- Lichttechnisches Institut; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Engesserstrasse 13 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
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17
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Ensslen P, Wagenknecht HA. One-Dimensional Multichromophor Arrays Based on DNA: From Self-Assembly to Light-Harvesting. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:2724-33. [PMID: 26411920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting complexes collect light energy and deliver it by a cascade of energy and electron transfer processes to the reaction center where charge separation leads to storage as chemical energy. The design of artificial light-harvesting assemblies faces enormous challenges because several antenna chromophores need to be kept in close proximity but self-quenching needs to be avoided. Double stranded DNA as a supramolecular scaffold plays a promising role due to its characteristic structural properties. Automated DNA synthesis allows incorporation of artificial chromophore-modified building blocks, and sequence design allows precise control of the distances and orientations between the chromophores. The helical twist between the chromophores, which is induced by the DNA framework, controls energy and electron transfer and thereby reduces the self-quenching that is typically observed in chromophore aggregates. This Account summarizes covalently multichromophore-modified DNA and describes how such multichromophore arrays were achieved by Watson-Crick-specific and DNA-templated self-assembly. The covalent DNA systems were prepared by incorporation of chromophores as DNA base substitutions (either as C-nucleosides or with acyclic linkers as substitutes for the 2'-deoxyribofuranoside) and as DNA base modifications. Studies with DNA base substitutions revealed that distances but more importantly relative orientations of the chromophores govern the energy transfer efficiencies and thereby the light-harvesting properties. With DNA base substitutions, duplex stabilization was faced and could be overcome, for instance, by zipper-like placement of the chromophores in both strands. For both principal structural approaches, DNA-based light-harvesting antenna could be realized. The major disadvantages, however, for covalent multichromophore DNA conjugates are the poor yields of synthesis and the solubility issues for oligonucleotides with more than 5-10 chromophore modifications in a row. A logical alternative approach is to leave out the phosphodiester bridges between the chromophores and let chromophore-nucleoside conjugates self-assemble specifically along single stranded DNA as template. The self-organization of chromophores along the DNA template based on canonical base pairing would be advantageous because sequence selective base pairing could provide a structural basis for programmed complexity within the chromophore assembly. The self-assembly is governed by two interactions. The chromophore-nucleoside conjugates as guest molecules are recognized via hydrogen bonds to the corresponding counter bases in the single stranded DNA template. Moreover, the π-π interactions between the stacked chromophores stabilize these self-assembled constructs with increasing length. Longer DNA templates are more attractive for self-assembled antenna. The helicity in the stack of porphyrins as guest molecules assembled on the DNA template can be switched by environmental changes, such as pH variations. DNA-templated stacks of ethynyl pyrene and nile red exhibit left-handed chirality, which stands in contrast to similar covalent multichromophore-DNA conjugates with enforced right-handed helicity. With ethynyl nile red, it is possible to occupy every available binding site on the templates. Mixed assemblies of ethynyl pyrene and nile red show energy transfer and thereby provide a proof-of-principle that simple light-harvesting antennae can be obtained in a noncovalent and self-assembled fashion. With respect to the next important step, chemical storage of the absorbed light energy, future research has to focus on the coupling of sophisticated DNA-based light-harvesting antenna to reaction centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ensslen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Ensslen P, Brandl F, Sezi S, Varghese R, Kutta RJ, Dick B, Wagenknecht HA. DNA-Based Oligochromophores as Light-Harvesting Systems. Chemistry 2015; 21:9349-54. [PMID: 26069203 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The chromophores ethynyl pyrene as blue, ethynyl perylene as green and ethynyl Nile red as red emitter were conjugated to the 5-position of 2'-deoxyuridine via an acetylene bridge. Using phosphoramidite chemistry on solid phase labelled DNA duplexes were prepared that bear single chromophore modifications, and binary and ternary combinations of these chromophore modifications. The steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectra of all three chromophores were studied in these modified DNA duplexes. An energy-transfer cascade occurs from ethynyl pyrene over ethynyl perylene to ethynyl Nile red and subsequently an electron-transfer cascade in the opposite direction (from ethynyl Nile red to ethynyl perylene or ethynyl pyrene, but not from ethynyl perylene to ethynyl pyrene). The electron-transfer processes finally provide charge separation. The efficiencies by these energy and electron-transfer processes can be tuned by the distances between the chromophores and the sequences. Most importantly, excitation at any wavelength between 350 and 700 nm finally leads to charge separated states which make these DNA samples promising candidates for light-harvesting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ensslen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany)
| | - Fabian Brandl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg (Germany)
| | - Sabrina Sezi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany)
| | - Reji Varghese
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany)
| | - Roger-Jan Kutta
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg (Germany)
| | - Bernhard Dick
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg (Germany)
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe (Germany).
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Kurniasih IN, Liang H, Mohr PC, Khot G, Rabe JP, Mohr A. Nile red dye in aqueous surfactant and micellar solution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2639-48. [PMID: 25671716 DOI: 10.1021/la504378m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The solubilization behavior of nile red dye in aqueous surfactant and micellar solutions was studied by optical spectroscopic techniques, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy. Nile red exhibits considerable absorption in the submicellar concentration region. When dispersed in aqueous surfactant and/or micellar solution, nile red molecules tend to form nonemissive dimers and/or H-type aggregates through π-π stacking interactions. This phenomenon may limit the use of nile red in solubilization studies. In the presence of ionic SDS and CTAB micelles, the solubilization of nile red appears to take place primarily at the charged micellar surface within the interfacial region. Similarly, spectra in micellar solution of nonionic Triton X-100 revealed that nile red dye penetrates the hydrophilic, interfacial poly(oxyethylene) region of the micelles but cannot reach the hydrophobic, innermost core. Our results therefore suggest that nile red dye must be chosen carefully when probing (micellar) hydrophobic environments and (micro)domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indah Nurita Kurniasih
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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20
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Sayed M, Sundararajan M, Mohanty J, Bhasikuttan AC, Pal H. Photophysical and Quantum Chemical Studies on the Interactions of Oxazine-1 Dye with Cucurbituril Macrocycles. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:3046-57. [DOI: 10.1021/jp509243j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mhejabeen Sayed
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Mahesh Sundararajan
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Mohanty
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Achikanath C. Bhasikuttan
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Haridas Pal
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division and ‡Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
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21
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Ensslen P, Fritz Y, Wagenknecht HA. Mixed non-covalent assemblies of ethynyl nile red and ethynyl pyrene along oligonucleotide templates. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 13:487-92. [PMID: 25374296 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01860e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ethynyl pyrene and ethynyl nile red as modifications at the 5-position of 2'-deoxyuridines self-assemble non-covalently and specifically along oligo-2'-deoxyadenosines as templates. Oligo-2'-deoxyadenosines of the lengths (dA)10-(dA)20 are able to retain nearly exactly as many ethynyl nile red units in solution as binding sites are available on these templates. In contrast, in the presence of oligo-2'-thymidines the ethynyl nile red moieties are similarly insoluble to those in the absence of any oligonucleotide and yield an aggregate. The mixed assemblies of both chromophores are highly ordered, show left-handed chirality and yield dual fluorescence. The strong excitonic coupling indicates assemblies with a high degree of order. These results show that DNA represents an important supramolecular scaffold for the templated, helical and non-covalent arrangement not only for one type of chromophore but also for mixtures of two different chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ensslen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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22
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Yotapan N, Charoenpakdee C, Wathanathavorn P, Ditmangklo B, Wagenknecht HA, Vilaivan T. Synthesis and optical properties of pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid carrying a clicked Nile red label. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2166-74. [PMID: 25246975 PMCID: PMC4168962 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA or its analogues with an environment-sensitive fluorescent label are potentially useful as a probe for studying the structure and dynamics of nucleic acids. In this work, pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid (acpcPNA) was labeled at its backbone with Nile red, a solvatochromic benzophenoxazine dye, by means of click chemistry. The optical properties of the Nile red-labeled acpcPNA were investigated by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy in the absence and in the presence of DNA. In contrast to the usual quenching observed in Nile red-labeled DNA, the hybridization with DNA resulted in blue shifting and an enhanced fluorescence regardless of the neighboring bases. More pronounced blue shifts and fluorescence enhancements were observed when the DNA target carried a base insertion in close proximity to the Nile red label. The results indicate that the Nile red label is located in a more hydrophobic environment in acpcPNA–DNA duplexes than in the single-stranded acpcPNA. The different fluorescence properties of the acpcPNA hybrids of complementary DNA and DNA carrying a base insertion are suggestive of different interactions between the Nile red label and the duplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawut Yotapan
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chayan Charoenpakdee
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pawinee Wathanathavorn
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Boonsong Ditmangklo
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tirayut Vilaivan
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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23
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Albert SK, Thelu HVP, Golla M, Krishnan N, Chaudhary S, Varghese R. Self-assembly of DNA-oligo(p-phenylene-ethynylene) hybrid amphiphiles into surface-engineered vesicles with enhanced emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8352-7. [PMID: 24962762 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Surface-addressable nanostructures of linearly π-conjugated molecules play a crucial role in the emerging field of nanoelectronics. Herein, by using DNA as the hydrophilic segment, we demonstrate a solid-phase "click" chemistry approach for the synthesis of a series of DNA-chromophore hybrid amphiphiles and report their reversible self-assembly into surface-engineered vesicles with enhanced emission. DNA-directed surface addressability of the vesicles was demonstrated through the integration of gold nanoparticles onto the surface of the vesicles by sequence-specific DNA hybridization. This system could be converted to a supramolecular light-harvesting antenna by integrating suitable FRET acceptors onto the surface of the nanostructures. The general nature of the synthesis, surface addressability, and biocompatibility of the resulting nanostructures offer great promises for nanoelectronics, energy, and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shine K Albert
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), CET campus, Trivandrum-695016 (India)
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24
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Albert SK, Thelu HVP, Golla M, Krishnan N, Chaudhary S, Varghese R. Self-Assembly of DNA-Oligo(p-phenylene-ethynylene) Hybrid Amphiphiles into Surface-Engineered Vesicles with Enhanced Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Choudhury SD, Muralidharan S, Pal H. A study on the photophysics of 9-amino-10-cyanoanthracene: probing its dual absorption and emission behavior. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:11509-18. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00865k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the photophysics of an interesting donor–acceptor substituted molecule, 9-amino-10-cyanoanthracene, that shows unusual dual absorption and emission behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukumaran Muralidharan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Baltimore, USA
| | - Haridas Pal
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400 085, India
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26
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Felbeck T, Behnke T, Hoffmann K, Grabolle M, Lezhnina MM, Kynast UH, Resch-Genger U. Nile-Red-nanoclay hybrids: red emissive optical probes for use in aqueous dispersion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:11489-11497. [PMID: 23941582 DOI: 10.1021/la402165q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Water-dispersible and (bio)functionalizable nanoclays have a considerable potential as inexpensive carriers for organic molecules like drugs and fluorophores. Aiming at simple design strategies for red-emissive optical probes for the life sciences from commercial precursors with minimum synthetic effort, we systematically studied the dye loading behavior and stability of differently functionalized laponites. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the absorption and emission properties of the red emissive hydrophobic and neutral dye Nile Red, a well-known polarity probe, which is almost insoluble and nonemissive in water. Adsorption of this probe onto disk-shaped nanoclays was studied in aqueous dispersion as function of dye concentration, in the absence and presence of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) assisting dye loading, and as a function of pH. This laponite loading strategy yields strongly fluorescent nanoclay suspensions with a fluorescence quantum yield of 0.34 at low dye loading concentration. The dye concentration-, CTAB-, and pH-dependent absorption, fluorescence emission, and fluorescence excitation spectra of the Nile-Red-nanoclay suspensions suggest the formation of several Nile Red species including emissive Nile Red monomers facing a polar environment, nonemissive H-type dimers, and protonated Nile Red molecules that are also nonfluorescent. Formation of all nonemissive Nile Red species could be suppressed by modification of the laponite with CTAB. This underlines the great potential of properly modified and functionalized laponite nanodisks as platform for optical probes with drug delivery capacities, for example, for tumor and therapy imaging. Moreover, comparison of the Nile Red dimer absorption spectra with absorption spectra of previously studied Nile Red aggregates in dendrimer systems and micelles and other literature systems reveals a considerable dependence of the dimer absorption band on microenvironment polarity which has not yet been reported so far for H-type dye aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Felbeck
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Kurniasih IN, Liang H, Kumar S, Mohr A, Sharma SK, Rabe JP, Haag R. A bifunctional nanocarrier based on amphiphilic hyperbranched polyglycerol derivatives. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3569-3577. [PMID: 32261172 DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20366b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We here report on the synthesis of a bifunctional nanocarrier system based on amphiphilic hyperbranched polyglycerol (hPG), which is modified by introducing hydrophobic aromatic groups to the core and retaining hydrophilic groups in the shell. "Selective chemical differentiation" and chemo-enzymatic reaction strategies were used to synthesize this new core-shell type nanocarrier. The system shows an innovative bifunctional carrier capacity with both polymeric and unimolecular micelle-like transport properties. Hydrophobic guest molecules such as pyrene were encapsulated into the hydrophobic core of modified hPG via hydrophobic interactions as well as π-π stacking, analogous to a unimolecular micelle system. A second guest molecule, which has a high affinity to the shell like nile red, was solubilized in the outer shell of the host molecule, thus connecting the nanocarrier molecules to form aggregates. This model is confirmed by UV-Vis, fluorescence, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering, as well as release studies triggered by pH-changes and enzymes. Encapsulated guest molecules, respectively in the core and in the shell, present different controlled release profiles. The bifunctional nanocarrier system is a promising candidate for simultaneous delivery of different hydrophobic drugs for a combination therapy, e.g., in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indah N Kurniasih
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Ehrenschwender T, Liang Y, Unterreiner AN, Wagenknecht HA, Wolf TJA. Fluorescence quenching over short range in a donor-DNA-acceptor system. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:1197-204. [PMID: 23532955 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new donor-DNA-acceptor system has been synthesized containing Nile red-modified 2'-deoxyuridine as charge donor and 6-N,N-dimethylaminopyrene-modified 2'-deoxyuridine as acceptor to investigate the charge transfer in DNA duplexes using fluorescence spectroscopy and time-resolved femtosecond pump-probe techniques. Fluorescence quenching experiments revealed that the quenching efficiency of Nile red depends on two components: 1) the presence of a charge acceptor and 2) the number of intervening CG and AT base pairs between donor and acceptor. Surprisingly, the quenching efficiency of two base pairs (73% for CG and the same for AT) is higher than that for one base pair (68% for CG and 37% for AT), while at a separation of three base pairs less than 10% quenching is observed. A comparison with the results of time-resolved measurements revealed a correlation between quenching efficiency and the first ultrafast time constant suggesting that quenching proceeds via a charge transfer from the donor to the acceptor. All transients are satisfactorily described with two decays: a rapid charge transfer with 600 fs (∼10(12) s(-1)) that depends strongly and in a non-linear fashion on the distance between donor and acceptor, and a slower time constant of a few picoseconds (∼10(11) s(-1)) with weak distance dependence. A third time constant on a nanosecond time scale represents the fluorescence lifetime of the donor molecule. According to these results and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations a combination of single-step superexchange and multistep hopping mechanisms can be proposed for this short-range charge transfer. Furthermore, significantly less quenching efficiency and slower charge transfer rates at very short distances indicate that the direct interaction between donor and acceptor leads to a local structural distortion of DNA duplexes which may provide some uncertainty in identifying the charge transfer rates in short-range systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ehrenschwender
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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29
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Sezi S, Wagenknecht HA. DNA-templated formation of fluorescent self-assembly of ethynyl pyrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9257-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc44733b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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30
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Fleige E, Ziem B, Grabolle M, Haag R, Resch-Genger U. Aggregation Phenomena of Host and Guest upon the Loading of Dendritic Core-Multishell Nanoparticles with Solvatochromic Dyes. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301977r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Fleige
- Institut für Organische
Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße
3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ziem
- Institut für Organische
Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße
3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Grabolle
- Division 1.10, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Straße 11, 12489
Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Organische
Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße
3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division 1.10, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Straße 11, 12489
Berlin, Germany
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31
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Cho HY, Woo SK, Hwang GT. Synthesis and photophysical study of 2'-deoxyuridines labeled with fluorene derivatives. Molecules 2012; 17:12061-71. [PMID: 23085656 PMCID: PMC6268453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171012061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined microenvironment-sensitive fluorescent 2′-deoxyuridines labeled with fluorene derivatives that exhibited solvent-dependent photophysical properties. The high sensitivity of the fluorescence shift and the nucleoside intensity dependence on solvent polarity provided information useful for estimating the polarity of the environment surrounding the fluorescent nucleoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Yi Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea;
| | - Sang Keun Woo
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Seoul 139-706, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (S.K.W.); (G.T.H.); Tel.: +82-2-970-1659 (S.K.W.); Fax: +82-2-970-1341 (S.K.W.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5331 (G.T.H.); Fax: +82-53-950-6330 (G.T.H.)
| | - Gil Tae Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea;
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (S.K.W.); (G.T.H.); Tel.: +82-2-970-1659 (S.K.W.); Fax: +82-2-970-1341 (S.K.W.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5331 (G.T.H.); Fax: +82-53-950-6330 (G.T.H.)
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32
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Barrois S, Wagenknecht HA. Diarylethene-modified nucleotides for switching optical properties in DNA. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:905-14. [PMID: 23015841 PMCID: PMC3388881 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarylethenes were attached to the 5-position of 2’-deoxyuridine in order to yield three different photochromic nucleosides. All nucleosides were characterized with respect to their absorption and photochromic properties. Based on these results, the most promising photochromic DNA base modification was incorporated into representative oligonucleotides by using automated phosphoramidite chemistry. The switching of optical properties in DNA can be achieved selectively at 310 nm (forward) and 450 nm (backward); both wavelengths are outside the normal nucleic acid absorption range. Moreover, this nucleoside was proven to be photochemically stable and allows switching back and forth several times. These results open the way for the use of diarylethenes as photochromic compounds in DNA-based architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Barrois
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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33
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Neelakandan PP, McCullagh M, Schatz GC, Lewis FD. Electronic interactions in helical stacked arrays of the modified DNA base pyrrolocytosine. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:5199-204. [PMID: 22486518 DOI: 10.1021/jp302385c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The thermal stability and ultraviolet and circular dichroism spectra of nine synthetic DNA hairpins possessing one or more (P)C-G base pairs ((P)C = pyrrolocytosine) have been investigated. One group of hairpins possess 1-5 sequential (P)C-G base pairs while another group possess two (P)C-G base pairs separated by 1-3 A-T base pairs. The first group displays a nearly linear dependence of UV and exciton-coupled circular dichroism (EC-CD) band intensity upon the number of neighboring chromophores, whereas the second group shows weak EC-CD only at the shortest distances between non-neighboring chromophores. This result stands in marked contrast to the exciton coupling seen between stilbene chromophores separated by as many as a dozen base pairs. The weak exciton coupling between non-neighboring (P)C chromophores, like that of the natural nucelobases, is attributed to their relatively weak electronic transition dipoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash P Neelakandan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Nah Teo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, California 94305, United States
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35
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Loakes D. Nucleotides and nucleic acids; oligo- and polynucleotides. ORGANOPHOSPHORUS CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849734875-00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Loakes
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road Cambridge CB2 2QH UK
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Stulz E. DNA architectonics: towards the next generation of bio-inspired materials. Chemistry 2012; 18:4456-69. [PMID: 22407800 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of DNA in nanobiotechnology has advanced to a stage at which almost any two or three dimensional architecture can be designed with high precision. The choice of the DNA sequences is essential for successful self-assembly, and opens new ways of making nanosized monomolecular assemblies with predictable structure and size. The inclusion of designer nucleoside analogues further adds functionality with addressable groups, which have an influence on the function of the DNA nano-objects. This article highlights the recent achievements in this emerging field and gives an outlook on future perspectives and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen Stulz
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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Kashida H, Asanuma H. Preparation of supramolecular chromophoric assemblies using a DNA duplex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:7196-204. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40520b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Bhatia S, Mohr A, Mathur D, Parmar VS, Haag R, Prasad AK. Biocatalytic route to sugar-PEG-based polymers for drug delivery applications. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3487-98. [PMID: 21834595 DOI: 10.1021/bm200647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sugar-PEG-based polymers were synthesized by enzymatic copolymerization of 4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-L-threo-pentofuranose/4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-benzylidene-β-L-threo-pentofuranose/4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-pentyl-β-L-threo-pentofuranose with PEG-600 dimethyl ester using Novozyme-435 (Candida antarctica lipase immobilized on polyacrylate). Carbohydrate monomers were obtained by the multistep synthesis starting from diacetone-D-glucose and PEG-600 dimethyl ester, which was in turn obtained by the esterification of the commercially available PEG-600 diacid. Aggregation studies on the copolymers revealed that in aqueous solution those polymers bearing the hydrophobic pentyl/benzylidene moiety spontaneously self-assembled into supramolecular aggregates. The critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of polymers was determined by surface tension measurements, and the precise size of the aggregates was obtained by dynamic light scattering. The polymeric aggregates were further explored for their drug encapsulation properties in buffered aqueous solution of pH 7.4 (37 °C) using nile red as a hydrophobic model compound by means of UV/vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. There was no significant encapsulation in polymer synthesized from 4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-L-threo-pentofuranose because this sugar monomer does not contain a big hydrophobic moiety as the pentyl or the benzylidene moiety. Nile red release study was performed at pH 5.0 and 7.4 using fluorescence spectroscopy. The release of nile red from the polymer bearing benzylidene moiety and pentyl moiety was observed with a half life of 3.4 and 2.0 h, respectively at pH 5.0, whereas no release was found at pH 7.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumati Bhatia
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
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Charan S, Chien FC, Singh N, Kuo CW, Chen P. Development of Lipid Targeting Raman Probes for In Vivo Imaging of Caenorhabditis elegans. Chemistry 2011; 17:5165-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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