1
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Yang S, Wang Y, Xu W, Tian X, Bao M, Yu X. Visible-Light-Driven Iron-Catalyzed Decarboxylative C-N Coupling Reaction of Alkyl Carboxylic Acids with NaNO 2. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 38054743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
An efficient visible-light-driven iron-catalyzed decarboxylative C-N coupling reaction of alkyl carboxylic acids with NaNO2 under mild conditions was developed. The reaction proceeds under photosensitizer-free conditions and features good to excellent yields, broad functional group tolerance, and an easy operation procedure. Preliminary mechanistic investigations showed that visible-light-driven iron catalysis not only achieved oxidative decarboxylation of alkyl carboxylic acids to alkyl radicals but also promoted the reduction of NO2- to NO, thus leading to the C-N radical coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
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2
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Hofmann L, Altmann LM, Fischer O, Prusko L, Xiao G, Westwood NJ, Heinrich MR. Cleavage of Organosolv Lignin to Phenols Using Nitrogen Monoxide and Hydrazine. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:19400-19408. [PMID: 34368527 PMCID: PMC8340100 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
From the variety of methods known for the depolymerization of organosolv lignin, a broad range of diversely substituted aromatic compounds are available today. In the present work, a novel two-step reaction sequence is reported, which is focused on the formation of phenols. While the first step of the depolymerization strategy comprises the 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ)-catalyzed oxidation of organosolv lignin with nitrogen monoxide so that two waste materials are combined, cleavage to the phenolic target compounds is achieved in the second step employing hydrazine and potassium hydroxide under Wolff-Kishner-type conditions. Besides the fact that the novel strategy proceeds via an untypical form of oxidized organosolv lignin, the two-step sequence is further able to provide phenols as cleavage products, which bear no substituent at the 4-position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura
Elena Hofmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa-Marie Altmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Fischer
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lea Prusko
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ganyuan Xiao
- School
of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews and EaStCHEM North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Westwood
- School
of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews and EaStCHEM North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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3
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Hofmann LE, Hofmann D, Prusko L, Altmann L, Heinrich MR. Sequential Cleavage of Lignin Systems by Nitrogen Monoxide and Hydrazine. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elena Hofmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen
| | - Dagmar Hofmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen
| | - Lea Prusko
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen
| | - Lisa‐Marie Altmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen
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4
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Abdelwahab AB, El-Sawy ER, Kirsch G. Iron powder and tin/tin chloride as new reducing agents of Meerwein arylation reaction with unexpected recycling to anilines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1704786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed B. Abdelwahab
- Laboratoire Lorrain de Chimie Moléculaire (L.2.C.M.), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Dokki-Cairo, Egypt
- Plant Advanced Technologies (PAT), Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Eslam R. El-Sawy
- Laboratoire Lorrain de Chimie Moléculaire (L.2.C.M.), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Dokki-Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gilbert Kirsch
- Laboratoire Lorrain de Chimie Moléculaire (L.2.C.M.), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
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5
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Wang DJ, Chen BY, Wang YQ, Zhang XW. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Direct Transformation of Alkenyl Oximes to 5-Cyanated Isoxazolines: A Cascade Approach Based on Non-Stabilized Radical Intermediate. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Jun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang China
| | - Bei-Yi Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang China
| | - Yi-Qi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis; Jiangxi Normal University; 330022 Nanchang China
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6
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Hofmann LE, Mach L, Heinrich MR. Nitrogen Oxides and Nitric Acid Enable the Sustainable Hydroxylation and Nitrohydroxylation of Benzenes under Visible Light Irradiation. J Org Chem 2017; 83:431-436. [PMID: 29171756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A new type of waste recycling strategy is described in which nitrogen oxides or nitric acid are directly employed in photocatalyzed hydroxylations and nitrohydroxylations of benzenes. Through these transformations, otherwise costly denitrification can be combined with the synthesis of valuable compounds for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elena Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leonard Mach
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus R Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Hegmann N, Prusko L, Heinrich MR. Synthesis of Spirocyclohexadienones through Radical Cascade Reactions Featuring 3-Fold Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation. Org Lett 2017; 19:2222-2225. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hegmann
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lea Prusko
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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8
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Hofmann D, Gans E, Krüll J, Heinrich MR. Sustainable Synthesis of Balsalazide and Sulfasalazine Based on Diazotization with Low Concentrations of Nitrogen Dioxide in Air. Chemistry 2017; 23:4042-4045. [PMID: 28054726 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, which arises as a side product from a range of industrial processes, can effectively be recycled through the diazotization of anilines. The studies reported herein now demonstrate that the removal of nitrogen dioxide from gas streams is even more effective when hydrophilic anilines are used as starting materials. The diazonium salts, which are obtained in this way in up to quantitative yields, can directly be employed in azo coupling reactions, thus opening up an attractive route to the industrially important group of azo compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Gans
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Krüll
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus R Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Kindt S, Wicht K, Heinrich MR. Base-Induced Radical Carboamination of Nonactivated Alkenes with Aryldiazonium Salts. Org Lett 2015; 17:6122-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kindt
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karina Wicht
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Hofmann D, Hofmann J, Hofmann LE, Hofmann L, Heinrich MR. Denitrification Combined with Diazotization of Anilines and the Synthesis of 4′-Chlorobiphenyl-2,5-diamine and 1-Chloro-4-iodobenzene. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Josefa Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura-Elena Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Hofmann D, de Salas C, Heinrich MR. Oxidative Nitration of Styrenes for the Recycling of Low-Concentrated Nitrogen Dioxide in Air. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3167-3175. [PMID: 26284827 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative nitration of styrenes in ethyl acetate represents a metal-free, environmentally friendly, and sustainable technique to recover even low concentrations of NO2 in air. Favorable features are that the product mixture comprising nitroalcohols, nitroketones, and nitro nitrates simplifies at lower concentrations of NO2 . Experiments in a miniplant-type 10 L wet scrubber demonstrated that the recycling technique is well applicable on larger scales at which initial NO2 concentrations of >10 000 ppm were reliably reduced to less than 40 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Hofmann
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Pharmazeutische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-85-22585 http://www.medchem.uni-erlangen.de/heinrichlab/
| | - Cristina de Salas
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Pharmazeutische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-85-22585 http://www.medchem.uni-erlangen.de/heinrichlab/
| | - Markus R Heinrich
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Pharmazeutische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 9131-85-22585 http://www.medchem.uni-erlangen.de/heinrichlab/.
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12
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Kütt A, Werner F, Kaljurand I, Leito I, Koppel IA. Pentakis(trifluoromethyl)benzenediazonium Cation: A Useful Building Block for the Syntheis of Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Derivatives. Chempluschem 2013; 78:932-936. [PMID: 31986712 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The sterically crowded, highly electron-deficient diazonium salt C6 (CF3 )5 N2 + BF4 - has been synthesized and sample dediazotization reactions were carried out. New compounds, C6 (CF3 )5 I, C6 (CF3 )5 NO2 , and C6 (CF3 )5 NO were isolated and identified. Also, a more convenient route to C6 (CF3 )5 NH2 that gave good yield was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Kütt
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, 14 A Ravila Street, Tartu, 50411 (Estonia)
| | - Franz Werner
- Department of Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 15 Akadeemia tee, 12618, Tallinn (Estonia)
| | - Ivari Kaljurand
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, 14 A Ravila Street, Tartu, 50411 (Estonia)
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, 14 A Ravila Street, Tartu, 50411 (Estonia)
| | - Ilmar A Koppel
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, 14 A Ravila Street, Tartu, 50411 (Estonia)
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13
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Jasch H, Landais Y, Heinrich MR. Twofold Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation by Intra- and Intermolecular Radical Reactions of Aryl Diazonium Salts. Chemistry 2013; 19:8411-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Liu N, Yin P, Chen Y, Deng Y, He L. Preparation of α-Sulfonylethanone Oximes from Oxidized Hydroxylamine. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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