1
|
Zhang Y, Yan Y, Mi J, Wang S, Wang M, Guo G. Bottom-Up Photosynthesis of an Air-Stable Radical Semiconductor Showing Photoconductivity to Full Solar Spectrum and X-Ray. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302978. [PMID: 37541668 PMCID: PMC10558663 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-component semiconductors with photoresponse to full solar spectrum are highly desirable to simplify the device structure of commercial photodetectors and to improve solar conversion or photocatalytic efficiency but remain scarce. This work reports bottom-up photosynthesis of an air-stable radical semiconductor using BiI3 and a photochromism-active benzidine derivative as a photosensitive functional motif. This semiconductor shows photoconductivity to full solar spectrum contributed by radical and non-radical forms of the benzidine derivative. It has also the potential to detect X-rays because of strong X-ray absorption coefficient. This finding opens up a new synthetic method for radical semiconductors and may find applications on extending photoresponsive ranges of perovskites, transition metal sulfides, and other materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350608P. R. China
| | - Yun‐Fan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350608P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Rong Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350608P. R. China
| | - Shuai‐Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350608P. R. China
| | - Ming‐Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350608P. R. China
| | - Guo‐Cong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350608P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fang Y, Sun Q, Chen X, Qiu Y, Chen C, Wang L, Zhao Y, Su Y, Li T, Zhang L, Wang X. Rational design and syntheses of aniline-based diradical dications: isolable congeners of quinodimethane diradicals. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01265c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-electron oxidation of five aniline-based compounds 4,4′′-p/m-terphenyldiamines afforded the first isolable aniline-based diradical dications 12+–52+.
Collapse
|
3
|
Oxidation of ethidium-based probes by biological radicals: mechanism, kinetics and implications for the detection of superoxide. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18626. [PMID: 33122809 PMCID: PMC7596101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75373-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroethidine (HE) and hydropropidine (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\hbox {HPr}^{+}$$\end{document}HPr+) are fluorogenic probes used for the detection of the intra- and extracellular superoxide radical anion (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\hbox {O}_{ {2}}^{\bullet -}$$\end{document}O2∙-). In this study, we provide evidence that HE and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\hbox {HPr}^{+}$$\end{document}HPr+ react rapidly with the biologically relevant radicals, including the hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radicals, the trioxidocarbonate radical anion, nitrogen dioxide, and the glutathionyl radical, via one-electron oxidation, forming the corresponding radical cations. At physiological pH, the radical cations of the probes react rapidly with \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\hbox {O}_{ {2}}^{\bullet -}$$\end{document}O2∙-, leading to the specific 2-hydroxylated cationic products. We determined the rate constants of the reaction between \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\hbox {O}_{ {2}}^{\bullet -}$$\end{document}O2∙- and the radical cations of the probes. We also synthesized N-methylated analogs of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\hbox {HPr}^{+}$$\end{document}HPr+ and HE which were used in mechanistic studies. Methylation of the amine groups was not found to prevent the reaction between the radical cation of the probe and the superoxide, but it significantly increased the lifetime of the radical cation and had a substantial effect on the profiles of the oxidation products by inhibiting the formation of dimeric products. We conclude that the N-methylated analogs of HE and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$\hbox {HPr}^{+}$$\end{document}HPr+ may be used as a scaffold for the design of a new generation of probes for intra- and extracellular superoxide.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mo SM, Shi DB. Crystal structure of 4′-amino-3′,5′-diisopropyl-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4-carbonitrile, C 19H 22N 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2020-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C19H22N2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.1330(5) Å, b = 9.3474(5) Å, c = 12.1520(8) Å, α = 87.278(5)°, β = 71.092(6)°, γ = 66.190(6)°, V = 795.88(9) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0498, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1415, T = 293(2) K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Ming Mo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563000 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Da-Bin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563000 , People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li X, Liu YH, Zhu GZ, Gao F. Stabilization and isolation of radical cation and dication salts of a tetrathiafulvalene derivative functionalized with amino groups. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The radical cation and dication salts of a tetrathiafulvalene derivative functionalized with amino groups have been stabilized and isolated by chemical oxidation. Comprehensive research on their structure–property relationship was fully performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Han Liu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Guang-Zhou Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Harada M, Tanioka M, Muranaka A, Aoyama T, Kamino S, Uchiyama M. A remarkably air-stable quinodimethane radical cation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9565-9568. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04025h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ambient-stable radical cation of a Thiele's hydrocarbon derivative has been synthesized and its properties have been explored using a combined experimental and computational approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
| | - Masaru Tanioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR)
- Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory
- RIKEN
- Saitama
- Japan
| | - Tetsuya Aoyama
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR)
- Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory
- RIKEN
- Saitama
- Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kamino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Aichi Gakuin University
- Aichi 464-8650
- Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong D, Li Q, Hou W, Zhang H. Synthesis, nonlinear optical, magnetic and electrical properties of ultra-stable open-shell pancake bonding linked perylene diimide anion radicals π-oligomer. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
8
|
Norrehed S, Karlsson C, Light ME, Thapper A, Huang P, Gogoll A. Formation of persistent organic diradicals from N, N'-diphenyl-3,7-diazacyclooctanes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018; 150:77-84. [PMID: 30679878 PMCID: PMC6320754 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT N,N'-Diphenyl-3,7-diazacyclooctane and structurally related N,N'-diphenylbispidine derivatives react with silver(I) ions in a high-yielding C-C coupling reaction to produce dication-diradical species, with the silver ions serving a double function both as template and as an oxidant. The resulting bis(benzidino)phane derivatives are persistent organic radicals, stable for several months in solution as well as in the solid state, at room temperature and above, as well as being exposed to the atmosphere. The molecular structure features a double-decker cyclophane motif, stabilized by intramolecular π-dimerization of two delocalized benzidinium radical segments. Intermolecular π-dimers are formed in the solid state. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Norrehed
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Mark E. Light
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK
| | - Anders Thapper
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adolf Gogoll
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jangir R, Kaleeswaran D, Murugavel R. 2,2′,6,6′-Tetraisopropylbenzidine-Based Sterically Encumbered DitopicC2-Symmetric Ligand Systems and Supramolecular Building Blocks. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritambhara Jangir
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai-400 076 India
| | | | - Ramaswamy Murugavel
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai-400 076 India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Magyarkuti A, Adak O, Halbritter A, Venkataraman L. Electronic and mechanical characteristics of stacked dimer molecular junctions. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3362-3368. [PMID: 29388658 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08354h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Break-junction measurements are typically aimed at characterizing electronic properties of single molecules bound between two metal electrodes. Although these measurements have provided structure-function relationships for such devices, there is little work that studies the impact of molecule-molecule interactions on junction characteristics. Here, we use a scanning tunneling microscope based break-junction technique to study pi-stacked dimer junctions formed with two amine-terminated conjugated molecules. We show that the conductance, force and flicker noise of such dimers differ dramatically when compared with the corresponding monomer junctions and discuss the implications of these results on intra- and inter-molecular charge transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- András Magyarkuti
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Condensed Matter Research Group, 1111 Budapest, Budafoki ut 8., Hungary.
| | - Olgun Adak
- Department of Applied Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Andras Halbritter
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Condensed Matter Research Group, 1111 Budapest, Budafoki ut 8., Hungary.
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kögel JF, Sorokin DA, Khvorost A, Scott M, Harms K, Himmel D, Krossing I, Sundermeyer J. The Lewis superacid Al[N(C 6F 5) 2] 3 and its higher homolog Ga[N(C 6F 5) 2] 3 - structural features, theoretical investigation and reactions of a metal amide with higher fluoride ion affinity than SbF 5. Chem Sci 2018; 9:245-253. [PMID: 29629094 PMCID: PMC5869307 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03988c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we present the synthesis of the two Lewis acids Al[N(C6F5)2]3 (ALTA) and Ga[N(C6F5)2]3 (GATA) via salt elimination reactions. The metal complexes were characterized by NMR-spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction analysis revealing the stabilization of the highly Lewis acidic metal centers by secondary metal-fluorine contacts. The Lewis acidic properties of Al[N(C6F5)2]3 and Ga[N(C6F5)2]3 are demonstrated by reactions with Lewis bases resulting in the formation of metallates accompanied by crucial structural changes. The two metallates [Cs(Tol)3]+[FAl(N(C6F5)2)3]- and [AsPh4]+[ClGa(N(C6F5)2)3]- contain interesting weakly coordinating anions. The reaction of Al[N(C6F5)2]3 with trityl fluoride yielded [CPh3]+[FAl(N(C6F5)2)3]- which could find application in the activation of metallocene polymerization catalysts. The qualitative Lewis acidity of Al[N(C6F5)2]3 and Ga[N(C6F5)2]3 was investigated by means of competition experiments for chloride ions in solution. DFT calculations yielded fluoride ion affinities in the gas phase (FIA) of 555 kJ mol-1 for Al[N(C6F5)2]3 and 472 kJ mol-1 for Ga[N(C6F5)2]3. Thus, Al[N(C6F5)2]3 can be considered a Lewis superacid with a fluoride affinity higher than SbF5 (493 kJ mol-1) whereas the FIA of the corresponding gallium complex is slightly below the threshold to Lewis superacidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Kögel
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein Str. , 35043 Marburg , Germany .
| | - D A Sorokin
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein Str. , 35043 Marburg , Germany .
| | - A Khvorost
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein Str. , 35043 Marburg , Germany .
| | - M Scott
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein Str. , 35043 Marburg , Germany .
| | - K Harms
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein Str. , 35043 Marburg , Germany .
| | - D Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) , Section Soft Matter Science , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
| | - I Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) , Section Soft Matter Science , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
| | - J Sundermeyer
- Fachbereich Chemie der Philipps-Universität , Hans-Meerwein Str. , 35043 Marburg , Germany .
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen X, Gao F, Yang W. Single-Crystal X-ray Structures of conductive π-Stacking Dimers of Tetrakis(alkylthio)benzene Radical Cations. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29314. [PMID: 27403720 PMCID: PMC4941407 DOI: 10.1038/srep29314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Salts containing radical cations of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(isopropylthio)benzene (TPB) and 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(ethylthio) benzene (TEB) have been successfully synthesized with . These newly synthesized salts have been characterized by UV-Vis absorption, EPR spectroscopy, conductivity measurement, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis as well as DFT calculation. This study raises the first crystal structure of conductive π-stacking radical cation with single phenyl ring and reveals their conductivity has relationship with the stack structure which affected by the substituent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- School of Safety, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wuqin Yang
- School of Safety, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kayahara E, Kouyama T, Kato T, Yamago S. Synthesis and Characterization of [n]CPP (n = 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12) Radical Cation and Dications: Size-Dependent Absorption, Spin, and Charge Delocalization. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:338-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Kayahara
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
- Core
Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kouyama
- Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Institute
for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
- Core
Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yuan N, Zhang Z, Wang X, Wang X. Isolation and crystal structure of a dithiophene dication: controlling covalent connection and disconnection with temperature and phase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16714-7. [PMID: 26434390 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06755c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A dithienylethene (1o) undergoes a two-electron chemical oxidation to a singlet diradical as an open-isomer (1o(2+)) in solution, which cyclizes to a closed-form (1c(2+)) upon cooling. The latter crystallizes out and its structure is analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Equilibrium between 1o(2+) and 1c(2+) in solution is observed by NMR and UV spectroscopy at various temperatures and is further supported by reduction reactions with Zn powder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang W, Wang X, Zhang Z, Yuan N, Wang X. The long-sought seventeen-electron radical [(C6Me6)Cr(CO)3]+: isolation, crystal structure and substitution reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8410-3. [PMID: 25820609 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01941a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly air-sensitive seventeen-electron half-sandwich radical, [(C6Me6)Cr(CO)3]+, which has been long sought over 40 years, was isolated and structurally characterized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Xingyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Zaichao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Huai'an 223300
- China
| | - Ningning Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Böhrer H, Trapp N, Himmel D, Schleep M, Krossing I. From unsuccessful H2-activation with FLPs containing B(Ohfip)3 to a systematic evaluation of the Lewis acidity of 33 Lewis acids based on fluoride, chloride, hydride and methyl ion affinities. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7489-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02822h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
From hard to soft: The ion affinities of a large set of 33 Lewis acids towards hard and soft bases were examined with a unified isodesmic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Böhrer
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Nils Trapp
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Mario Schleep
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Su Y, Wang X, Li Y, Song Y, Sui Y, Wang X. Nitrogen Analogues of Thiele’s Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
18
|
Su Y, Wang X, Li Y, Song Y, Sui Y, Wang X. Nitrogen Analogues of Thiele’s Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1634-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
19
|
Nie HJ, Yao CJ, Shao JY, Yao J, Zhong YW. Oligotriarylamines with a Pyrene Core: A Multicenter Strategy for Enhancing Radical Cation and Dication Stability and Tuning Spin Distribution. Chemistry 2014; 20:17454-65. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
20
|
Zhang S, Wang X, Sui Y, Wang X. Odd-electron-bonded sulfur radical cations: X-ray structural evidence of a sulfur-sulfur three-electron σ-bond. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14666-9. [PMID: 25299728 DOI: 10.1021/ja507918c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The one-electron oxidations of 1,8-chalcogen naphthalenes Nap(SPh)2 (1) and Nap(SPh)(SePh) (2) lead to the formation of persistent radical cations 1(•+) and 2(•+) in solution. EPR spectra, UV-vis absorptions, and DFT calculations show a three-electron σ-bond in both cations. The former cation remains stable in the solid state, while the latter dimerizes upon crystallization and returns to being radical cations upon dissolution. This work provides conclusive structural evidence of a sulfur-sulfur three-electron σ-bond (in 1(•+)) and a rare example of a persistent heteroatomic three-electron σ-bond (in 2(•+)).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Centre of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bondarchuk SV, Minaev BF. Theoretical Study of Relationships between Structural, Optical, Energetic, and Magnetic Properties and Reactivity Parameters of Benzidine and Its Oxidized Forms. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8872-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp507479p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Bondarchuk
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Bogdan Khmelnitsky Cherkasy National University, blvd. Shevchenko 81, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Boris F. Minaev
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Bogdan Khmelnitsky Cherkasy National University, blvd. Shevchenko 81, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
- Department
of Physics, Tomsk State University, pr. Lenina 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Isolation and reversible dimerization of a selenium-selenium three-electron σ-bond. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4127. [PMID: 24916712 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-electron σ-bonding that was proposed by Linus Pauling in 1931 has been recognized as important in intermediates encountered in many areas. A number of three-electron bonding systems have been spectroscopically investigated in the gas phase, solution and solid matrix. However, X-ray diffraction studies have only been possible on simple noble gas dimer Xe∴Xe and cyclic framework-constrained N∴N radical cations. Here, we show that a diselena species modified with a naphthalene scaffold can undergo one-electron oxidation using a large and weakly coordinating anion, to afford a room-temperature-stable radical cation containing a Se∴Se three-electron σ-bond. When a small anion is used, a reversible dimerization with phase and marked colour changes is observed: radical cation in solution (blue) but diamagnetic dimer in the solid state (brown). These findings suggest that more examples of three-electron σ-bonds may be stabilized and isolated by using naphthalene scaffolds together with large and weakly coordinating anions.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gao F, Zhu FF, Wang XY, Xu Y, Wang XP, Zuo JL. Stabilizing Radical Cation and Dication of a Tetrathiafulvalene Derivative by a Weakly Coordinating Anion. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5321-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5006117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Su Y, Wang X, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Song Y, Sui Y, Li Y, Wang X. Tuning Ground States of Bis(triarylamine) Dications: From a Closed-Shell Singlet to a Diradicaloid with an Excited Triplet State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2857-61. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
25
|
Su Y, Wang X, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Song Y, Sui Y, Li Y, Wang X. Tuning Ground States of Bis(triarylamine) Dications: From a Closed-Shell Singlet to a Diradicaloid with an Excited Triplet State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
26
|
Kayahara E, Kouyama T, Kato T, Takaya H, Yasuda N, Yamago S. Isolation and Characterization of the Cycloparaphenylene Radical Cation and Dication. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
27
|
Kayahara E, Kouyama T, Kato T, Takaya H, Yasuda N, Yamago S. Isolation and characterization of the cycloparaphenylene radical cation and dication. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13722-6. [PMID: 24254298 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Charged nanobelts: The radical cation and the dication of [8]cycloparaphenylene ([8]CPP) were prepared and isolated as hexahaloantimonate salts by the one- or two-electron chemical oxidation of [8]CPP with NOSbF6 or SbCl5 . ESR spectroscopy of CPP(.+) and single-crystal X-ray analysis of CPP(2+) demonstrated that the spin and charge were equally and fully delocalized over the para-phenylene rings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Kayahara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011 (Japan) http://www.scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp/∼kayahara/; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0076 (Japan)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zheng X, Wang X, Qiu Y, Li Y, Zhou C, Sui Y, Li Y, Ma J, Wang X. One-Electron Oxidation of an Organic Molecule by B(C6F5)3; Isolation and Structures of Stable Non-para-substituted Triarylamine Cation Radical and Bis(triarylamine) Dication Diradicaloid. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14912-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja407318h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yunfan Qiu
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuantao Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chenkun Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yunxia Sui
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yizhi Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jing Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and ‡Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pan X, Su Y, Chen X, Zhao Y, Li Y, Zuo J, Wang X. Stable Tetraaryldiphosphine Radical Cation and Dication. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5561-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja402492u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Pan
- State Key
Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuanting Su
- State Key
Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- State Key
Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key
Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yizhi Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jinglin Zuo
- State Key
Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pan X, Chen X, Li T, Li Y, Wang X. Isolation and X-ray Crystal Structures of Triarylphosphine Radical Cations. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3414-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4012113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yizhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen X, Wang X, Zhou Z, Li Y, Sui Y, Ma J, Wang X, Power PP. Reversible σ-Dimerizations of Persistent Organic Radical Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
32
|
Chen X, Wang X, Zhou Z, Li Y, Sui Y, Ma J, Wang X, Power PP. Reversible σ-Dimerizations of Persistent Organic Radical Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:589-92. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
33
|
Chen X, Ma B, Chen S, Li Y, Huang W, Ma J, Wang X. Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Physical Property of Sterically Unprotected Thiophene/Phenylene Co-Oligomer Radical Cations: A Conductiveπ-πBonded Supermolecularmeso-Helix. Chem Asian J 2012; 8:238-43. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
34
|
Chen X, Wang X, Sui Y, Li Y, Ma J, Zuo J, Wang X. Synthesis, Characterization, and Structures of a Persistent Aniline Radical Cation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
35
|
Chen X, Wang X, Sui Y, Li Y, Ma J, Zuo J, Wang X. Synthesis, Characterization, and Structures of a Persistent Aniline Radical Cation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11878-81. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|