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Pérez-Sánchez JC, Herrera RP, Gimeno MC. The Potential of Self-Activating Au(I) Complexes in Gold Catalysis. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401825. [PMID: 38818661 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Gold catalysis has emerged as a groundbreaking field in synthetic chemistry, revolutionizing numerous organic transformations. Despite the significant achieved advancements, the mechanistic understanding behind many gold-catalyzed reactions remains elusive. This Concept article covers the so-called "self-activating" Au(I) complexes, sorting out their pivotal role in gold catalysis. We comment on how Au(I) complexes can undergo self-activation, triggering diverse catalytic transformations without the need for external additives. The most important examples reported so far that underlie the catalytic activity of these species are discussed. This intrinsic reactivity represents a paradigm shift in gold catalysis, offering new avenues for the design of efficient and sustainable catalytic systems. Furthermore, we explore the factors influencing the stability, reactivity, and selectivity of these Au(I) complexes, providing insights into their synthetic utility and potential applications. This area of research not only advances our fundamental understanding of gold catalysis but also paves the way for the development of novel catalytic strategies with broad implications in organic synthesis and the chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Raquel P Herrera
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
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2
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Willrett J, Schmitt M, Zhuravlev V, Sellin M, Malinowski PJ, Krossing I. Synthesis and Characterization of a Copper Dinitrogen Complex Supported by a Weakly Coordinating Anion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202405330. [PMID: 38859637 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and full characterization of the copper dinitrogen complex [(η1-N2)Cu{Al(ORF)4}] 2 (RF=C(CF3)3) prepared by a cascade metathesis reaction of Ag[Al(ORF)4] with CuI-excess in iso-perfluorohexane (i-pfh) under N2 atmosphere. Title compound 2 features an extraordinarily high N2 stretching frequency at 2313/2314 cm-1 (IR/Raman) and was characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffractometry. Quantum chemical charge displacement analysis based on natural orbitals of chemical valence (CD-NOCV) indicates that the copper-dinitrogen interaction is still governed by weak π-backdonation, but is significantly reduced compared to all literature-known transition metal dinitrogen complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Willrett
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Schmitt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vadim Zhuravlev
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malte Sellin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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3
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Schmitt M, Nestle S, Radtke V, Krossing I. Gold carbonyl cations and beyond: homoleptic gold(I) complexes with P 4 and P 4S 3 and the half-sandwich cation [Au(C 6H 6)(CO)] . Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5403-5406. [PMID: 38682872 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01374c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Oxidation of Au0 with the synergistic Ag+/0.5 I2 system in the commercial organic solvent 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene led to the perfluoroalkoxyaluminate salt of the [Au(CO)2]+ cation known from superacid chemistry. This [Au(CO)2]+ salt proved to be an excellent 'naked' Au+-synthon yielding complex salts with [Au(η2-P4)2]+, [Au(η1-P4S3)2]+ and half-sandwich [Au(η2-C6H6)(CO)]+ cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schmitt
- Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, Freiburg 79104, Germany.
- Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Nestle
- Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, Freiburg 79104, Germany.
| | - Valentin Radtke
- Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, Freiburg 79104, Germany.
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, Freiburg 79104, Germany.
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4
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Pérez-Sánchez JC, Herrera RP, Concepción Gimeno M. Ferrocenyl Dinuclear Gold(I) Complexes. Study of their Structural Features and the Influence of Bridging and Phosphane Ligands in a Catalytic Cyclization Reaction. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303585. [PMID: 38051039 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The combination of the ferrocene moiety with gold(I) catalysis remains a relatively unexplored field. In this article, we delve into the synthesis, characterization, and potential catalytic activity of four complexes utilizing both monodentate and bidentate ferrocenyl diphenylphosphane ligands (ppf and dppf), coordinated with two gold(I) metal centers, linked by either chloride or pentafluorophenylthiolate bridging ligands. This leads to the formation of cationic "self-activated" precatalysts capable of initiating the catalytic cycle without the need for external additives. The catalytic activity of these complexes was assessed through a model reaction in gold(I) catalysis, specifically the cyclization of a N-propargylbenzamide to produce an oxazole. In addition, we studied and compared the influence exerted by both the phosphane and the bridging ligand on the performance of these catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel P Herrera
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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Vanga M, Muñoz-Castro A, Dias HVR. Classical Gold Carbonyl Complexes in Tetrahedral and Trigonal-Planar Settings. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303339. [PMID: 37929919 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
A unique four-coordinate, classical gold(I)-carbonyl complex with substantial backdonation from gold has been isolated by using a B-methylated and fluorinated tris(pyridyl)borate chelator. Its lighter silver(I) and copper(I) analogs enabled a study of trends in the coinage-metal family. The B-arylated ligand version also afforded a gold-carbon monoxide complex that displays a notably low C-O stretch value, but with trigonal planar geometry at the gold. A computational analysis shows that the AuI -CO bonds of these tris(pyridyl)borate ligand-supported molecules consist of electrostatic attraction, OC→Au σ-donation, and very significant Au→CO π-back-bonding components. The latter is responsible for the observed C-O stretching frequencies, which are lower than in free CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukundam Vanga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago, 8420524, Chile
| | - H V Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
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Sellin M, Krossing I. Homoleptic Transition Metal Carbonyl Cations: Synthetic Approaches, Characterization and Follow-Up Chemistry. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2776-2787. [PMID: 37668537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusCarbon monoxide, CO, is one of the most important ligands in organometallic chemistry. It is an excellent π-acceptor and a moderate σ-donor. Therefore, most of the known transition metal carbonyls (TMCs) exhibit a zerovalent or even negative metal oxidation state (OS) of up to -4. However, given the right conditions, the carbonyl ligand also forms homoleptic cationic complexes with one or more transition metal atoms, the transition metal carbonyl cations (TMCCs), known with an OS of up to +3. Despite their long-standing history upon discovery of the first [M(CO)6]+ examples (M = Mn, Tc, Re) by E. O. Fischer in 1962 as well as their very fundamental nature, it took until the 1990s for the scope to be widened by Aubke, Strauss and Willner. Yet, many potential TMCC entries known from gas-phase mass spectrometry work remained unknown on preparative grounds. This is due to their high reactivity, which puts scientists to new challenges and encourages the development of suitable solvents, anions and oxidants, to cope with the demands of these fundamental salts─later referred to as pseudo-gas-phase conditions and innocent deelectronators and solvents.Hence, the utilization of extremely weakly coordinating perfluorinated alkoxyaluminates [Al(ORF)4]- and [F{Al(ORF)3}2]- (ORF = -OC(CF3)3) in combination with the polar but non- or weakly coordinating innocent solvents 1,2-difluorobenzene (oDFB) and 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene (TFB) yielded the first TMCC salts containing heptacoordinate [M(CO)7]+ (M = Nb, Ta) as well as paramagnetic [M(CO)6]+· (M = Cr, Mo, W) or [Ni(CO)4]+·. However, the use of typical inorganic oxidants Ag+, [NO]+ and Ag+/0.5 I2 regularly led to unwanted side reactions. For example, the Lewis acidic silver(I) cations form Lewis pairs with various Lewis basic TMCs yielding partly clustered [Agx{TMC}y]x+ complex salts, while nitrosonium cations may substitute for carbonyl ligands, forming [M(CO)x-1(NO)]+ complexes. The synergistic oxidizing reagent Ag+/0.5 X2 can add halonium ions X+ to the TMCs (X = Cl, Br, I). This prevented the synthesis of univalent group 8 TMCC salts. Yet, the application of radical cation salts of perfluorinated arenes as innocent deelectronators finally yielded salts of [Fe(CO)5]+· and [M3(CO)14]2+ (M = Ru, Os).TMCC salts are excellent starting materials, and the reaction of [Co(CO)5]+ and [Ni(CO)4]+· with benzene led to the previously unknown bis(benzene) sandwich complexes [Co(benzene)2]+ and [Ni(benzene)2]+·. Under the right conditions, even the very weakly bound oDFB-complex salts with [M(oDFB)2]+ (M = Co, Ni) cations form, useful as naked metal(I) synthons and for small-molecule activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Sellin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Lozinšek M, Pavčnik T, Bitenc J. Bis-(di-meth-oxy-ethane-1κ 2O, O')penta-kis-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexa-fluoro-propan-2-olato)-2κ 3O,3κ 2O-μ-hy-droxido-1:3κ 2O-μ 3-oxido-1:2:3κ 3O-magnesiumdialuminium. IUCRDATA 2023; 8:x230716. [PMID: 37818472 PMCID: PMC10561222 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314623007162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Partial hydrolysis of a sample of [Mg(dme)3][Al(hfip)4]2 crystals led to the formation of the title complex, [Mg(dme)2{HOAl(hfip)2OAl(hfip)3}] (dme = di-meth-oxy-ethane and hfipH = hexa-fluoro-iso-propanol) or [Mg(C4H10O2)2O(OH)Al2(C3HF6O)5]. The magnesium cation exhibits a distorted octa-hedral coordination with two bidentate di-meth-oxy-ethane mol-ecules and a dinuclear aluminate anion, coordinated to Mg2+ via oxido and hydroxido units. The anion is an oxido-bridged species, [HOAl(hfip)2(μ-O)Al(hfip)3]2-, with one Al3+ cation tetra-hedrally coordinated by an oxido (O2-) anion, a hydroxido anion, and two hfip groups, whereas the second Al3+ cation is coordinated by the oxido anion and three hfip groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matic Lozinšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Pavčnik
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jan Bitenc
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hassan ZM, Guo W, Welle A, Oestreich R, Janiak C, Redel E. Formation of Gold Nanoclusters from Goldcarbonyl Chloride inside the Metal-Organic Framework HKUST-1. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062716. [PMID: 36985688 PMCID: PMC10051452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gas-phase infiltration of the carbonylchloridogold(I), Au(CO)Cl precursor into the pores of HKUST-1 ([Cu3(BTC)2(H2O)2], Cu-BTC) SURMOFs (surface-mounted metal-organic frameworks; BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) leads to Au(CO)Cl decomposition within the MOF through hydrolysis with the aqua ligands on Cu. Small Aux clusters with an average atom number of x ≈ 5 are formed in the medium-sized pores of the HKUST-1 matrix. These gold nanoclusters are homogeneously distributed and crystallographically ordered, which was supported by simulations of the powder X-ray diffractometric characterization. Aux@HKUST-1 was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared reflection absorption (IRRA) as well as Raman spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohamed Hassan
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Wei Guo
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alexander Welle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Robert Oestreich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (E.R.)
| | - Engelbert Redel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (E.R.)
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Cadge JA, Gates PJ, Bower JF, Russell CA. Migratory Insertion of CO into a Au–C Bond. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19719-19725. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Russell
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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10
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Fernández I, Noonikara‐Poyil A, Dias HVR. Bonding situation in isolable silver(I) carbonyl complexes of the Scorpionates. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:796-803. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Anurag Noonikara‐Poyil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA
| | - H. V. Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA
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Schmitt M, Mayländer M, Goost J, Richert S, Krossing I. Chasing the Mond Cation: Synthesis and Characterization of the Homoleptic Nickel Tetracarbonyl Cation and its Tricarbonyl‐Nitrosyl Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schmitt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Maximilian Mayländer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Julian Goost
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Sabine Richert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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12
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Schmitt M, Mayländer M, Goost J, Richert S, Krossing I. Chasing the Mond Cation: Synthesis and Characterization of the Homoleptic Nickel Tetracarbonyl Cation and its Tricarbonyl-Nitrosyl Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14800-14805. [PMID: 33734545 PMCID: PMC8251987 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
130 years after Mond discovered the first homoleptic carbonyl complex Ni(CO)4, we report on a [Ni(CO)4].+ salt as the first synthesis of any homoleptic nickel carbonyl cation in the condensed phase. It was prepared by oxidation of nickel metal with the synergistic oxidant Ag[F{Al(ORF)3}2]/0.5 I2 (RF=C(CF3)3) in CO atmosphere. This D2d‐symmetric metalloradical represents the last missing entry among the structurally characterized homoleptic carbonyl cations of Groups 6 to 11. Additionally, the nickel tricarbonyl‐nitrosyl cation [Ni(CO)3(NO)]+ was obtained by usage of NO[F{Al(ORF)3}2] and all products were fully characterized by means of IR, Raman, NMR/EPR, single crystal and powder XRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schmitt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Mayländer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Goost
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Richert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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13
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van der Lubbe SCC, Vermeeren P, Fonseca Guerra C, Bickelhaupt FM. The Nature of Nonclassical Carbonyl Ligands Explained by Kohn-Sham Molecular Orbital Theory. Chemistry 2020; 26:15690-15699. [PMID: 33045113 PMCID: PMC7756819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
When carbonyl ligands coordinate to transition metals, their bond distance either increases (classical) or decreases (nonclassical) with respect to the bond length in the isolated CO molecule. C−O expansion can easily be understood by π‐back‐donation, which results in a population of the CO's π*‐antibonding orbital and hence a weakening of its bond. Nonclassical carbonyl ligands are less straightforward to explain, and their nature is still subject of an ongoing debate. In this work, we studied five isoelectronic octahedral complexes, namely Fe(CO)62+, Mn(CO)6+, Cr(CO)6, V(CO)6− and Ti(CO)62−, at the ZORA‐BLYP/TZ2P level of theory to explain this nonclassical behavior in the framework of Kohn–Sham molecular orbital theory. We show that there are two competing forces that affect the C−O bond length, namely electrostatic interactions (favoring C−O contraction) and π‐back‐donation (favoring C−O expansion). It is a balance between those two terms that determines whether the carbonyl is classical or nonclassical. By further decomposing the electrostatic interaction ΔVelstat into four fundamental terms, we are able to rationalize why ΔVelstat gives rise to the nonclassical behavior, leading to new insights into the driving forces behind C−O contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C C van der Lubbe
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of, Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center of, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Vermeeren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of, Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center of, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Célia Fonseca Guerra
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of, Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center of, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333, CD, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of, Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center of, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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Unkrig W, Kloiber K, Butschke B, Kratzert D, Krossing I. Altering Charges on Heterobimetallic Transition-Metal Carbonyl Clusters. Chemistry 2020; 26:12373-12381. [PMID: 32613683 PMCID: PMC7589396 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The homoleptic group 5 carbonylates [M(CO)6 ]- (M=Nb, Ta) serve as ligands in carbonyl-terminated heterobimetallic Agm Mn clusters containing 3 to 11 metal atoms. Based on our serendipitous [Ag6 {Nb(CO)6 }4 ]2+ (4 a2+ ) precedent, we established access to such Agm Mn clusters of the composition [Agm {M(CO)6 }n ]x (M=Nb, Ta; m=1, 2, 6; n=2, 3, 4, 5; x=1-, 1+, 2+). Salts of those molecular cluster ions were synthesized by the reaction of [NEt4 ][M(CO)6 ] and Ag[Al(ORF )4 ] (RF =C(CF3 )3 ) in the correct stoichiometry in 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene at -35 °C. The solid-state structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods and, owing to the thermal instability of the clusters, a limited scope of spectroscopic methods. In addition, DFT-based AIM calculations were performed to provide an understanding of the bonding within these clusters. Apparently, the clusters 3+ (m=6, n=5) and 42+ (m=6, n=4) are superatom complexes with trigonal-prismatic or octahedral Ag6 superatom cores. The [M(CO)6 ]- ions then bind through three CO units as tridentate chelate ligands to the superatom core, giving overall structures related to tetrahedral AX4 (42+ ) or trigonal bipyramidal AX5 molecules (3+ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Unkrig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstrasse 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Konstantin Kloiber
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstrasse 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Burkhard Butschke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstrasse 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstrasse 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstrasse 2179104FreiburgGermany
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15
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Volpi G, Priola E, Garino C, Daolio A, Rabezzana R, Benzi P, Giordana A, Diana E, Gobetto R. Blue fluorescent zinc(II) complexes based on tunable imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Bohnenberger J, Schmitt M, Feuerstein W, Krummenacher I, Butschke B, Czajka J, Malinowski PJ, Breher F, Krossing I. Completing the triad: synthesis and full characterization of homoleptic and heteroleptic carbonyl and nitrosyl complexes of the group VI metals. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3592-3603. [PMID: 34094047 PMCID: PMC8152671 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06445a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of M(CO)6 (M = Cr, Mo, W) with the synergistic oxidative system Ag[WCA]/0.5 I2 yields the fully characterized metalloradical salts [M(CO)6]+˙[WCA]- (weakly coordinating anion WCA = [F-{Al(ORF)3}2]-, RF = C(CF3)3). The new metalloradical cations with M = Mo and W showcase a similar structural fluxionality as the previously reported [Cr(CO)6]+˙. Their reactivity increases from M = Cr < Mo < W and their syntheses allow for in-depth insights into the properties of the group 6 carbonyl triad. Furthermore, the reaction of NO+[WCA]- with neutral carbonyl complexes M(CO)6 gives access to the heteroleptic carbonyl/nitrosyl cations [M(CO)5(NO)]+ as salts of the WCA [Al(ORF)4]-, the first complete transition metal triad of their kind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bohnenberger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Manuel Schmitt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Wolfram Feuerstein
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Division Molecular Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Engesserstr. 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie II, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Burkhard Butschke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Jakub Czajka
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw Banacha 2c 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Division Molecular Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Engesserstr. 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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17
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Schwab MM, Himmel D, Kacprzak S, Yassine Z, Kratzert D, Felbek C, Weber S, Krossing I. Isolated Cationic Organometallic Nickel(I) Arene Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Schwab
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Sylwia Kacprzak
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Zeinab Yassine
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Christina Felbek
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Stefan Weber
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) Albertstr. 19 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Universität Freiburg Stefan‐Meier‐Straße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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18
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Riddlestone IM, Weis P, Martens A, Schorpp M, Scherer H, Krossing I. From Phosphidic to Phosphonium? Umpolung of the P
4
‐Bonding Situation in [CpFe(CO)(L)(η
1
‐P
4
)]
+
Cations (L=CO or PPh
3
). Chemistry 2019; 25:10546-10551. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 7XH UK
| | - Philippe Weis
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Arthur Martens
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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19
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Bohnenberger J, Derstine B, Daub M, Krossing I. Endlich homoleptisch: Synthese und vollständige Charakterisierung stabiler Salze des Mangantetranitrosylkations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bohnenberger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Brandon Derstine
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Michael Daub
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
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20
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Bohnenberger J, Derstine B, Daub M, Krossing I. Going Homoleptic: Synthesis and Full Characterization of Stable Manganese Tetranitrosyl Cation Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9586-9589. [PMID: 31050097 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although similar to carbon monoxide, the chemistry of homoleptic nitrogen monoxide complexes is fundamentally unexplored compared to their carbonyl analogues. Herein we report the synthesis of the first truly homoleptic transition-metal nitrosyl cation as the salt of the weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) [Al(ORF )4 ]- and [F{Al(ORF )3 }2 ]- (RF =C(CF3 )3 ). These salts are easily accessible in good yields, phase pure, and were fully characterized by IR/Raman, NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy as well as single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. They may serve as unprecedented simple model systems for theoretical and experimental studies of nitrosyl complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bohnenberger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brandon Derstine
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Daub
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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21
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Bohnenberger J, Feuerstein W, Himmel D, Daub M, Breher F, Krossing I. Stable salts of the hexacarbonyl chromium(I) cation and its pentacarbonyl-nitrosyl chromium(I) analogue. Nat Commun 2019; 10:624. [PMID: 30733449 PMCID: PMC6367395 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Homoleptic carbonyl radical cations are a textbook family of complexes hitherto unknown in the condensed phase, leaving their properties and applications fundamentally unexplored. Here we report on two stable 17-electron [Cr(CO)6]•+ salts that were synthesized by oxidation of Cr(CO)6 with [NO]+[Al(ORF)4]- (RF = C(CF3)3)) in CH2Cl2 and with removal of NO gas. Longer reaction times led to NO/CO ligand exchange and formation of the thermodynamically more stable 18-electron species [Cr(CO)5(NO)]+, which belongs to the family of heteroleptic chromium carbonyl/nitrosyl cations. All salts were fully characterized (IR, Raman, EPR, NMR, scXRD, pXRD, magnetics) and are stable at room temperature under inert conditions over months. The facile synthesis of these species enables the thorough investigation of their properties and applications to a broad scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bohnenberger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Feuerstein
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Division Molecular Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Daub
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Division Molecular Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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22
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Meier SC, Himmel D, Krossing I. How does the Environment Influence a Given Cation? A Systematic Investigation of [Co(CO) 5 ] + in Gas Phase, Solution, and Solid State. Chemistry 2018; 24:19348-19360. [PMID: 30259588 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
IR spectroscopic studies of the gaseous metal carbonyl cations [Co(CO)5 ]+ ⋅mCO (m=1-4) indicated that the weakly bound CO molecules in a second coordination sphere perturb the structure of [Co(CO)5 ]+ causing the CO stretching frequencies ν(CO) to become noticeably redshifted. In this work, we aimed to establish the relationship between such gas phase IR spectra and those recorded in condensed phases, either as a solid salt or as a solution in the weakly basic solvent o-difluorobenzene. For this purpose, a series of [Co(CO)5 ]+ [WCA]- salts (WCA=weakly coordinating anion), with the counterions varying between more coordinating (WCA=F-Al(ORF )3 , (RF O)3 Al-F-Al(F)(ORF )2 ; RF =C(CF3 )3 ) and almost non-coordinating (WCA=Al(ORF )4 , F{Al(ORF )3 }2 ), were synthesized and characterized by vibrational spectroscopy as well as X-ray structure analysis. The experimental spectra differ considerably from that of the undisturbed gaseous [Co(CO)5 ]+ ion, as the structural deformation of [Co(CO)5 ]+ requires very little energy. Together with previously reported data, the perturbed condensed phase [Co(CO)5 ]+ ions were analyzed and compared with the gaseous [Co(CO)5 ]+ ⋅mCO ions. DFT calculations were performed on simply adapted [Co(CO)5 ]+ structures to allow the assignment of all the ν(CO) modes and a qualitative interpretation of structural deformations by external influences as a function of the environment (ligands, solvation, crystal packing). The analysis showed that especially the degenerate E' mode νe and the averaged asymmetric equatorial CO stretch ν ‾ e , which originates from a split of the E' mode, are a function of the interaction with the environment. Whereas for the more coordinating counterions ν ‾ e values of 2112-2120 cm-1 were obtained, for the less coordinating counterions ν ‾ e values of up to 2133 cm-1 were found, which is very close to that of gaseous [Co(CO)5 ]+ ⋅4CO, with a ν ‾ e value of 2135 cm-1 . This indicates the possibility of approximating the gas phase conditions in the condensed phases with the [Co(CO)5 ]+ ion probably being the prototypical probe molecule for investigating the strengths of interactions in different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Meier
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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23
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Martens A, Weis P, Krummer MC, Kreuzer M, Meierhöfer A, Meier SC, Bohnenberger J, Scherer H, Riddlestone I, Krossing I. Facile and systematic access to the least-coordinating WCA [(R FO) 3Al-F-Al(OR F) 3] - and its more Lewis-basic brother [F-Al(OR F) 3] - (R F = C(CF 3) 3). Chem Sci 2018; 9:7058-7068. [PMID: 30310626 PMCID: PMC6137444 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02591f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
By reaction of the Lewis acid Me3Si-F-Al(ORF)3 with a series of [PF6]- salts, gaseous PF5 and Me3Si-F are liberated and salts of the anion [F-Al(ORF)3]- ([f-al]-; RF = C(CF3)3) can be obtained. By addition of another equivalent of Me3Si-F-Al(ORF)3 to [f-al]-, gaseous Me3Si-F is released and salts of the least coordinating anion [(RFO)3Al-F-Al(ORF)3]- ([al-f-al]-) are formed. Both procedures work for a series of synthetically useful cations including Ag+, [NO]+, [Ph3C]+ and in very clean reactions with 5 g batch sizes giving excellent yields typically exceeding 90%. In addition, the synthesis of Me3Si-F-Al(ORF)3 has been optimized and scaled up to 85 g batches in an one-pot procedure. These anions could previously only be obtained by difficult to control decomposition reactions of [Al(ORF)4]- or by halide abstraction reactions with Me3Si-F-Al(ORF)3, generating relatively large countercations that are unsuited for further use as universal starting materials. Especially [al-f-al]- is of interest for the stabilization of reactive cations, since it is even weaker coordinating than [Al(ORF)4]- and more stable against strong electrophiles. This bridged anion can be seen as an adduct of [f-al]- and Al(ORF)3. Thus, it is similarly Lewis acidic as BF3 and eventually reacts with nucleophiles (Nu) from the reaction environment to yield Nu-Al(ORF)3 and [f-al]-. This prevents working with [al-f-al]- salts in ethereal or other donor solvents. By contrast, the [f-al]- anion is no longer Lewis acidic and may therefore be used for reactions involving stronger nucleophiles than the [al-f-al]- anion can withstand. Subsequently it may be transformed into the [al-f-al]- salt by simple addition of one equivalent of Me3Si-F-Al(ORF)3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Martens
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Philippe Weis
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Michael Christian Krummer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Marvin Kreuzer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Andreas Meierhöfer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Stefan C Meier
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Jan Bohnenberger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Ian Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) , Universität Freiburg , Albertstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany .
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24
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Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Die Schöne (WCA) und das (kationische) Biest: Neues aus der Chemie von und mit schwach koordinierenden Anionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
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25
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Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Taming the Cationic Beast: Novel Developments in the Synthesis and Application of Weakly Coordinating Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13982-14024. [PMID: 29266644 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This Review gives a comprehensive overview of the most topical weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) and contains information on WCA design, stability, and applications. As an update to the 2004 review, developments in common classes of WCA are included. Methods for the incorporation of WCAs into a given system are discussed and advice given on how to best choose a method for the introduction of a particular WCA. A series of starting materials for a large number of WCA precursors and references are tabulated as a useful resource when looking for procedures to prepare WCAs. Furthermore, a collection of scales that allow the performance of a WCA, or its underlying Lewis acid, to be judged is collated with some advice on how to use them. The examples chosen to illustrate WCA developments are taken from a broad selection of topics where WCAs play a role. In addition a section focusing on transition metal and catalysis applications as well as supporting electrolytes is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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26
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Poggel C, Frenking G. Relativistic Effects on Donor–Acceptor Interactions in Coinage Metal Carbonyl Complexes [TM(CO)
n
]
+
(TM=Cu, Ag, Au;
n
=1, 2). Chemistry 2018; 24:11675-11682. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Poggel
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 35043 Marburg Germany
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisNanjing Tech University 211816 Nanjing China
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27
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Wang G, Ceylan YS, Cundari TR, Dias HVR. Heterobimetallic Silver-Iron Complexes Involving Fe(CO) 5 Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14292-14301. [PMID: 28956899 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Iron(0) pentacarbonyl is an organometallic compound with a long history. It undergoes carbonyl displacement chemistry with various donors (L), leading to molecules of the type Fe(CO)x(L)5-x. The work reported here illustrates that Fe(CO)5 can also act as a ligand. The reaction between Fe(CO)5 with the silver salts AgSbF6 and Ag[B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4] under appropriate conditions resulted in the formation of [(μ-H2O)AgFe(CO)5]2[SbF6]2 and [B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4]AgFe(CO)5, respectively, featuring heterobimetallic {Ag-Fe(CO)5}+ fragments. The treatment of [B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4]AgFe(CO)5 with 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (Me2Bipy) and Fe(CO)5 afforded a heterobimetallic [(Me2Bipy)AgFe(CO)5][B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4] species with a Ag-Fe(CO)5 bond and a heterotrimetallic [{Fe(CO)5}2(μ-Ag)][B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4] with a (CO)5Fe-Ag-Fe(CO)5 core, respectively, illustrating that it is possible to manipulate the coordination sphere at silver while keeping the Ag-Fe bond intact. The chemistry of [B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4]AgFe(CO)5 with Et2O and PMes3 (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) has also been investigated, which led to [(Et2O)3Ag][B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4] and [(Mes3P)2Ag][B{3,5-(CF3)2C6H3}4] with the displacement of the Fe(CO)5 ligand. X-ray structural and spectroscopic data of new molecules as well as results of computational analyses are presented. The Fe-Ag bond distances of these metal-only Lewis pairs range from 2.5833(4) to 2.6219(5) Å. These Ag-Fe bonds are of primarily an ionic/electrostatic nature with a modest amount of charge transfer between Ag+ and Fe(CO)5. The ν̅(CO) bands of the molecules with Ag-Fe(CO)5 bonds show a notable blue shift relative to those observed for free Fe(CO)5, indicating a significant reduction in Fe→CO back-bonding upon its coordination to silver(I).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Yavuz S Ceylan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - H V Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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28
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Meier SC, Holz A, Schmidt A, Kratzert D, Himmel D, Krossing I. From an Easily Accessible Pentacarbonylcobalt(I) Salt to Piano-Stool Cations [(arene)Co(CO) 2 ] . Chemistry 2017; 23:14658-14664. [PMID: 28796933 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The facile synthesis of a pentacarbonyl cobalt(I) salt without the need for a superacid as solvent is presented. This salt, [Co(CO)5 ]+ [Al(ORF )4 ]- {RF =C(CF3 )3 }, readily accessible on a multigram scale, undergoes substitution reactions with arenes yielding the hitherto unknown class of two-legged cobalt piano-stool complexes [(arene)Co(CO)2 ]+ with four different arene ligands. Such a substitution chemistry would have been impossible in superacid solution, as the arenes used would have been oxidized and/or protonated. Thus, the general approach described herein may have a wide synthetic use. Additionally, the thermochemistry of the piano-stool complexes is shown to be not easy to describe computationally and most of the established DFT methods overestimate the reaction energies. Only CCSD(T) calculations close to the basis set limit gave energies fully agreeing with the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Meier
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Albina Holz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexei Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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29
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Peryshkov DV, Strauss SH. Exceptional Structural Compliance of the B12F122– Superweak Anion. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:4072-4083. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Peryshkov
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Steven H. Strauss
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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30
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Hartlaub SF, Lauricella NK, Ryczek CN, Furneaux AG, Melton JD, Piro NA, Kassel WS, Nataro C. Late Transition Metal Compounds with 1,1′‐Bis(phosphino)ferrocene Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sage F. Hartlaub
- Department of Chemistry Lafayette CollegeHugel Science CenterLafayette College18042EastonPAUSA
| | - Nicole K. Lauricella
- Department of Chemistry Lafayette CollegeHugel Science CenterLafayette College18042EastonPAUSA
| | - Catherine N. Ryczek
- Department of Chemistry Lafayette CollegeHugel Science CenterLafayette College18042EastonPAUSA
| | - Aliza G. Furneaux
- Department of Chemistry Lafayette CollegeHugel Science CenterLafayette College18042EastonPAUSA
| | - Jon D. Melton
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryMessiah CollegeOne College Avenue17055MechanicsburgPAUSA
| | - Nicholas A. Piro
- Department of ChemistryVillanova University800 E. Lancaster Avenue19085VillanovaPAUSA
| | - W. S. Kassel
- Department of ChemistryVillanova University800 E. Lancaster Avenue19085VillanovaPAUSA
| | - Chip Nataro
- Department of Chemistry Lafayette CollegeHugel Science CenterLafayette College18042EastonPAUSA
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31
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Martínez-Salvador S, Falvello LR, Martín A, Menjón B. A hexanuclear gold carbonyl cluster. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5506-5510. [PMID: 28717445 PMCID: PMC5505037 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01578b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexanuclear gold carbonyl cluster [PPh4]2[Au6(CF3)6Br2(CO)2] (4) has been obtained by spontaneous self-assembly of the following independent units: CF3AuCO (1) and [PPh4][Br(AuCF3)2] (3). The cyclo-Au6 aggregate 4, in which the components are held together by unassisted, fairly strong aurophilic interactions (Au···Au ∼310 pm), exhibits a cyclohexane-like arrangement with chair conformation. These aurophilic interactions also result in significant ν(CO) lowering: from 2194 cm-1 in the separate component 1 to 2171 cm-1 in the mixed aggregate 4. Procedures to prepare the single-bridged dinuclear component 3 as well as the mononuclear derivative [PPh4][CF3AuBr] (2) are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Martínez-Salvador
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain .
| | - Larry R Falvello
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Antonio Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain .
| | - Babil Menjón
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH) , CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza , C/Pedro Cerbuna 12 , E-50009 Zaragoza , Spain .
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32
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Pedrazzini T, Pirovano P, Dell'Acqua M, Ragaini F, Illiano P, Macchi P, Abbiati G, Caselli A. Organometallic Reactivity of [Silver(I)(Pyridine‐Containing Ligand)] Complexes Relevant to Catalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Pedrazzini
- Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM‐CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, http://users.unimi.it/acaselli/
| | - Paolo Pirovano
- Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM‐CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, http://users.unimi.it/acaselli/
| | - Monica Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy http://users.unimi.it/istchimorg/giorgio.htm
| | - Fabio Ragaini
- Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM‐CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, http://users.unimi.it/acaselli/
| | - Pasquale Illiano
- Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM‐CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, http://users.unimi.it/acaselli/
| | - Piero Macchi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy http://users.unimi.it/istchimorg/giorgio.htm
| | - Alessandro Caselli
- Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM‐CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy, http://users.unimi.it/acaselli/
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33
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Schulz C, Eiden P, Klose P, Ermantraut A, Schmidt M, Garsuch A, Krossing I. Homoleptic borates and aluminates containing the difluorophosphato ligand – [M(O2PF2)x]y− – synthesis and characterization. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7048-57. [PMID: 25785817 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new class of WCAs…? The difluoro-phosphato ligand (O2PF2) was used for the synthesis of borates and aluminates of the [M(O2PF2)x]y−-type in order to generate weakly coordinating anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schulz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Philipp Eiden
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Petra Klose
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Andreas Ermantraut
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | | | | | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF)
- Universität Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
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34
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Adams GM, Chadwick FM, Pike SD, Weller AS. A CH2Cl2 complex of a [Rh(pincer)]+ cation. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:6340-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00481k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The CH2Cl2 adduct of a Rh-PONOP-pincer complex is reported, that is also a latent low coordinate synthon for the synthesis of other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma M. Adams
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratories
- Oxford
- UK
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35
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Rohde M, Eiden P, Leppert V, Schmidt M, Garsuch A, Semrau G, Krossing I. Li[B(OCH2CF3)4]: Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Application as a Conducting Salt for LiSB Batteries. Chemphyschem 2014; 16:666-75. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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36
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Wyss CM, Tate BK, Bacsa J, Wieliczko M, Sadighi JP. Dinuclear μ-fluoro cations of copper, silver and gold. Polyhedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Chen M, Zhang Q, Zhou M, Andrada DM, Frenking G. Carbon Monoxide Bonding With BeO and BeCO
3
: Surprisingly High CO Stretching Frequency of OCBeCO
3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)
| | - Qingnan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)
| | - Diego M. Andrada
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg (Germany)
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg (Germany)
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38
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Chen M, Zhang Q, Zhou M, Andrada DM, Frenking G. Carbon Monoxide Bonding With BeO and BeCO
3
: Surprisingly High CO Stretching Frequency of OCBeCO
3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:124-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)
| | - Qingnan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)
| | - Diego M. Andrada
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg (Germany)
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein‐Strasse, 35043 Marburg (Germany)
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39
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Joost M, Estévez L, Mallet-Ladeira S, Miqueu K, Amgoune A, Bourissou D. Enhanced π-Backdonation from Gold(I): Isolation of Original Carbonyl and Carbene Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201407684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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40
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Joost M, Estévez L, Mallet-Ladeira S, Miqueu K, Amgoune A, Bourissou D. Enhanced π-backdonation from gold(I): isolation of original carbonyl and carbene complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:14512-6. [PMID: 25359485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201407684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The specific electronic properties of bent o-carborane diphosphine gold(I) fragments were exploited to obtain the first classical carbonyl complex of gold [(DPCb)AuCO](+) (ν(CO)=2143 cm(-1) ) and the diphenylcarbene complex [(DPCb)Au(CPh2 )](+) , which is stabilized by the gold fragment rather than the carbene substituents. These two complexes were characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic means. The [(DPCb)Au](+) fragment plays a major role in their stability, as substantiated by DFT calculations. The bending induced by the diphosphine ligand substantially enhances π-backdonation and thereby allows the isolation of carbonyl and carbene complexes featuring significant π-bond character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Joost
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 (France)
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41
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Malinowski PJ, Krossing I. Ag[Fe(CO)5]2+: A Bare Silver Complex with Fe(CO)5as a Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Malinowski PJ, Krossing I. Ag[Fe(CO)5]2(+) : a bare silver complex with Fe(CO)5 as a ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13460-2. [PMID: 25287490 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Attempts to prepare Fe(CO)5 (+) from Ag[Al(OR(F) )4 ] (R(F) =C(CF3 )3 ) and Fe(CO)5 in CH2 Cl2 yielded the first complex of a neutral metal carbonyl bound to a simple metal cation. The Ag[Fe(CO)5 ]2 (+) cation consists of two Fe(CO)5 molecules coordinating Ag(+) in an almost linear fashion. The ν(CO) modes are blue-shifted compared to Fe(CO)5 , with one band above 2143 cm(-1) indicating that back-bonding is heavily decreased in the Ag[Fe(CO)5 ]2 (+) cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław J Malinowski
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau (Germany); Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw (Poland).
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43
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Das A, Dash C, Yousufuddin M, Dias HVR. Coordination and Ligand Substitution Chemistry of Bis(cyclooctyne)copper(I). Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om4012032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Das
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Chandrakanta Dash
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Muhammed Yousufuddin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - H. V. Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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