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Sharma S, Krishnaswamy S, Prusty S, Chand DK. A pair of conjoined trinuclear sub-frameworks in a pentanuclear double-cavity discrete coordination cage. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11287-11301. [PMID: 39055040 PMCID: PMC11268487 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Combination of Pd(ii) with selected bis-monodentate ligands produces the familiar multinuclear Pd m L2m type self-assembled "single-cavity discrete coordination cages" (SCDCC). If the ligand provides parallel coordination vectors, then it forms a binuclear Pd2L4 type cage, whereas utilization of ligands having appropriately divergent coordination vectors results in specific higher nuclear complexes. In contrast, preparation of emergent "multi-cavity discrete coordination cages" (MCDCC) using Pd(ii) and designer ligands is quite captivating where the neighboring cavities of the framework are conjoined with each other through a common metal center. A pair of conjoined binuclear Pd2L4 type sub-frameworks are present in a trinuclear Pd3L4 type double-cavity cage prepared from Pd(ii) and a tris-monodentate ligand having parallel coordination vectors. The present work envisioned a design to make double-cavity coordination cages having a pair of conjoined trinuclear Pd3L6 type sub-frameworks. To fulfill the objective we combined Pd(ii) with a mixture of designer bis-monodentate ligand (L) and tris-monodentate ligand (L') in a 5 : 4 : 4 ratio in one pot to afford the targeted pentanuclear type cage. The choice of bis-monodentate ligand L is based on the divergent nature of the coordination vectors suitable to produce a Pd3L6 type SCDCC. The tris-monodentate ligand L' having two arms is designed in such a manner that each of the arms reasonably resembles L. Study of the complexation behavior of Pd(ii) with L' provided additional guiding factors essential for the successful making of type MCDCC by integrative self-sorting. A few other MCDCC including lower symmetry versions were also prepared in the course of the work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Sharma
- IoE Center of Molecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Shobhana Krishnaswamy
- IoE Center of Molecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Soumyakanta Prusty
- IoE Center of Molecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- IoE Center of Molecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
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2
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Li K, Li Z, Yuan J, Chen M, Zhao H, Jiang Z, Wang J, Jiang Z, Li Y, Chan YT, Wang P, Liu D. High-order layered self-assembled multicavity metal--organic capsules and anti-cooperative host-multi-guest chemistry. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8913-8921. [PMID: 38873050 PMCID: PMC11168090 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01204f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The construction and application of metal-organic cages with accessible internal cavities have witnessed rapid development, however, the precise synthesis of complex metal-organic capsules with multiple cavities and achievement of multi-guest encapsulation, and further in-depth comprehension of host-multi-guest recognition remain a great challenge. Just like building LEGO blocks, herein, we have constructed a series of high-order layered metal-organic architectures of generation n (n = 1/2/3/4 is also the number of cavities) by multi-component coordination-driven self-assembly using porphyrin-containing tetrapodal ligands (like plates), multiple parallel-podal ligands (like clamps) and metal ions (like nodes). Importantly, these high-order assembled structures possessed different numbers of rigid and separate cavities formed by overlapped porphyrin planes with specific gaps. The host-guest experiments and convincing characterization proved that these capsules G2-G4 could serve as host structures to achieve multi-guest recognition and unprecedentedly encapsulate up to four C60 molecules. More interestingly, these capsules revealed negative cooperation behavior in the process of multi-guest recognition, which provides a new platform to further study complicated host-multi-guest interaction in the field of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiu Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Zhengguang Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Jie Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
- Department Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University Guangzhou-510006 China
| | - Die Liu
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Changsha Hunan-410083 China
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3
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Liu H, Guo C, Li L, Zhang Z, Hou Y, Mu C, Hou GL, Zhang Z, Wang H, Li X, Zhang M. Multicomponent, Multicavity Metallacages That Contain Different Binding Sites for Allosteric Recognition. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15787-15795. [PMID: 38738985 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The encapsulation of different guest molecules by their different recognition domains of proteins leads to selective binding, catalysis, and transportation. Synthetic hosts capable of selectively binding different guests in their different cavities to mimic the function of proteins are highly desirable but challenging. Here, we report three ladder-shaped, triple-cavity metallacages prepared by multicomponent coordination-driven self-assembly. Interestingly, the porphyrin-based metallacage is capable of heteroleptic encapsulation of fullerenes (C60 or C70) and coronene using its different cavities, allowing distinct allosteric recognition of coronene upon the addition of C60 or C70. Owing to the different binding affinities of the cavities, the metallacage hosts one C60 molecule in the central cavity and two coronene units in the side cavities, while encapsulating two C70 molecules in the side cavities and one coronene molecule in the central cavity. The rational design of multicavity assemblies that enable heteroleptic encapsulation and allosteric recognition will guide the further design of advanced supramolecular constructs with tunable recognition properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Luqi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yali Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Mu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Gao-Lei Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyi Zhang
- Bruker (Beijing) Scientific Technology Co., Ltd., 9F, Building NO.1, Lane 2570, Hechuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai 201600, P. R. China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
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4
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Pan T, Wu Y, Duan Y, Duan J. Solvents regulate the packing porosity of a bilayer metal-organic cage. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9106-9111. [PMID: 38738951 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01040j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages (MOCs) are an emerging class of porous materials with promising applications. However, controlling the configuration of the cage packing, which can influence the overall porosity of the materials, remains a difficulty, as many factors can influence the cage assembly and stacking. Herein, we report a solvent strategy to fine-tune the packing configuration of a bilayer MOC, a small triangular prism cage (six Cu ions act as vertices, three nitrate ions act as pillars, and six nitrate ions act as caps) incorporated into a large triangular prism cage (another six Cu ions act as vertices, a couple of oxygen atoms act as pillars and six ligands (L1: 3,5-bis(pyridine-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole) act as a jointed cap) by the coordination between the triazole nitrogen from L1 and the inner vertex Cu ions. The involved solvents water, acetonitrile (MeCN) and N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) form hydrogen bonds with this bilayer MOC, resulting in three different types of packing associated with systemically tuned porosity (NTU-93: 12.2%, NTU-94: 19.3%, and NTU-95: 42.1%). Gas adsorption and breakthrough tests demonstrate that NTU-95 has potential ability for C2H2/C2H4 separation. This work not only shows a case of finely tuned packing of coordination cages, but also provides a powerful tool that may be extended to other cage families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Yanxin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Yuefeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Jingui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
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5
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van Hilst QVC, Pearcy AC, Preston D, Wright LJ, Hartinger CG, Brooks HJL, Crowley JD. A dynamic covalent approach to [Pt nL 2n] 2n+ cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4302-4305. [PMID: 38530770 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00323c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
A dynamic covalent approach was exploited to generate a family of homometallic [PtnL2n]2n+ cage (predominantly [Pt2L4]4+ systems) architectures. The family of platinum(II) architectures were characterized using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and the molecular structures of two cages were determined by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn V C van Hilst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- The MacDiarmid Institute, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Aston C Pearcy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- The MacDiarmid Institute, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - L James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christian G Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Heather J L Brooks
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- The MacDiarmid Institute, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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6
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Mishra SS, Krishnaswamy S, Chand DK. Neighboring Cage Participation for Assisted Construction of Self-Assembled Multicavity Conjoined Cages and Augmented Guest Binding. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4473-4488. [PMID: 38334098 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
A set of Pd2L4, Pd3L4, and Pd4L4-type single-, double-, and triple-cavity cages are prepared by complexation of Pd(NO3)2 with designer bis-monodentate (L1), tris-monodentate (L2), and tetrakis-monodentate (L3) ligands. The Pd2L4 cage exists in equilibrium with a Pd3L6 cage; the equilibrium shifted to Pd2L4 at 70 °C or upon addition of pyrazine-N,N'-dioxide (PZDO). The Pd2L4 cage binds a PZDO molecule using electrostatic, bifurcated H-bonding and overcoordinated H-bonding interactions. The discrete Pd3L4 and Pd4L4 compounds are conjoined cages comprising of unequal sized Pd2L4 cages (bigger and smaller). The bigger unit of Pd3L4 cage selectively binds a PZDO, and the smaller one binds a nitrate, fluoride, chloride, or bromide. The Pd4L4 cage, having a central bigger Pd2L4 cavity and two smaller peripheral Pd2L4 cavities, binds one PZDO and two nitrate, fluoride, chloride, or bromide. The smaller cavity can be prepared individually from Pd(II) and bis-monodentate ligand (L4), however, in the presence of template like a nitrate, fluoride, chloride, or bromide; otherwise, it forms an oligomeric mixture. Notably, the conjoined Pd3L4 and Pd4L4 cages could be prepared with (preferably) or without using a template for smaller cavity, and the bigger Pd2L4 is formed by sacrificing the possibility of the Pd3L6 moiety. Thus, the conjoined cages are formed in a symbiotic manner where the neighboring cages participate in the formation of each other. The binding of PZDO shows that the presence of one neighboring cage (as in Pd3L4) augments the binding affinity and that is further augmented in the presence of two neighboring cages (as in Pd4L4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabani S Mishra
- IoE Center of Molecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shobhana Krishnaswamy
- IoE Center of Molecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- IoE Center of Molecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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7
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Moree LK, Faulkner LAV, Crowley JD. Heterometallic cages: synthesis and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:25-46. [PMID: 38037385 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00690e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
High symmetry metallosupramolecular architectures (MSAs) have been exploited for a range of applications including molecular recognition, catalysis and drug delivery. Recently there have been increasing efforts to enhance those applications by generating reduced symmetry MSAs. While there are several emerging methods for generating lower symmetry MSAs, this tutorial review examines the general methods used for synthesizing heterometallic MSAs with a particular focus on heterometallic cages. Additionally, the intrinsic properties of the cages and their potential emerging applications as host-guest systems and reaction catalysts are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana K Moree
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Logan A V Faulkner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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8
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Molinska P, Tarzia A, Male L, Jelfs KE, Lewis JEM. Diastereoselective Self-Assembly of Low-Symmetry Pd n L 2n Nanocages through Coordination-Sphere Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315451. [PMID: 37888946 PMCID: PMC10952360 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages (MOCs) are popular host architectures assembled from ligands and metal ions/nodes. Assembling structurally complex, low-symmetry MOCs with anisotropic cavities can be limited by the formation of statistical isomer libraries. We set out to investigate the use of primary coordination-sphere engineering (CSE) to bias isomer selectivity within homo- and heteroleptic Pdn L2n cages. Unexpected differences in selectivities between alternative donor groups led us to recognise the significant impact of the second coordination sphere on isomer stabilities. From this, molecular-level insight into the origins of selectivity between cis and trans diastereoisomers was gained, highlighting the importance of both host-guest and host-solvent interactions, in addition to ligand design. This detailed understanding allows precision engineering of low-symmetry MOC assemblies without wholesale redesign of the ligand framework, and fundamentally provides a theoretical scaffold for the development of stimuli-responsive, shape-shifting MOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Molinska
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham EdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129TorinoItaly
| | - Louise Male
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham EdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub White City CampusWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - James E. M. Lewis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham EdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
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9
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Sharma S, Sarkar M, Chand DK. Conjoined and non-conjoined coordination cages with palladium(II) vertices: structural diversity, solution dynamics, and intermolecular interactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:535-554. [PMID: 36546562 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04828k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled coordination complexes prepared from a combination of Pd(II) components with one or more types of high-symmetry or low-symmetry bis/tris/tetrakis-monodentate ligands are considered in this review. The structures of these complexes are viewed in terms of the presence of a metallo-macromonocycle or conjoined metallo-macromonocycles/metallocages in the frameworks. Analysis of the typical molecular structures revealed an open truth that one or more units of metallo-macromonocycles can be conjoined to afford planar or non-planar systems. In the same line, the enveloping surface of a 3D cage can be considered as a multiple number of conjoined metallomacrocycles that embrace a 3D space from all directions. However, two or more units of cages are conjoined in a multi-3D-cavity cage system and such a system is considered as a conjoined cage. Construction of such conjoined cages having a finite but multiple number of 3D-cavities unified in a single molecular architecture is a challenging task when compared to that of single-3D-cavity based compounds. Conjoining of as many as four units of 3D cages is known so far. Single- as well as multi-cavity cages of lower symmetry have become a very recent trend in this regard where low-symmetry ligands or mixed ligand ensembles are crafted in the framework of the cages. Other structural diversities like helicity in cages, and supramolecular isomerism are also included in this assorted literature work. Although isomerism in classical coordination complexes is well known, it is very less studied in self-assembled coordination complexes. Ligand isomerism is one such feature that is reviewed here. The dynamic behavior of the cages results in interesting reactivity aspects. A large variety of dynamic processes are collected under an umbrella, i.e., "ligand exchange reactions" and described with examples. Intermolecular interaction among the already self-assembled molecules is possible in solution, solid, and gel-phases as discussed in the last part of this review. The understanding of intermolecular interaction is likely to influence different areas of research including crystal engineering, and materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Moumita Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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10
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Lewis JEM. Pseudo-heterolepticity in Low-Symmetry Metal-Organic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212392. [PMID: 36074024 PMCID: PMC9828238 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Heteroleptic metal-organic cages, formed through integrative self-assembly of ligand mixtures, are highly attractive as reduced symmetry supramolecular hosts. Ensuring high-fidelity, non-statistical self-assembly, however, presents a significant challenge in molecular engineering due to the inherent difficulty in predicting thermodynamic energy landscapes. In this work, two conceptual strategies are described that circumvent this issue, using ligand design strategies to access structurally sophisticated metal-organic hosts. Using these approaches, it was possible to realise cavity environments described by two inequivalent, unsymmetrical ligand frameworks, representing a significant step forward in the construction of highly anisotropic confined spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. M. Lewis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B15 2TTUK
- Previous address: Department of ChemistryMolecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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11
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Lewis J. Pseudo‐heterolepticity in Low‐Symmetry Metal‐Organic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Lewis
- University of Birmingham School of Chemistry Edgbaston B15 2TT Birmingham UNITED KINGDOM
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12
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Dasary H, Sarkar M, Chand DK. Configurational ligand isomerism in conjoined-cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8480-8483. [PMID: 35792679 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Double-decker shaped conjoined-cages of Pd3L4 formulation are prepared via self-assembly of Pd(II) with a set of three regioisomeric tridentate ligands. Alongside the targeted double-decker cage, unprecedented hour-glass shaped conjoined-cages of Pd3L4 formulation are also formed in two cases. The double-decker cage prepared from one ligand system and the hour-glass from another (but with a regioisomeric ligand) are structurally well suited to exemplify configurational ligand isomerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hareesha Dasary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
| | - Moumita Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
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13
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McTernan C, Davies JA, Nitschke JR. Beyond Platonic: How to Build Metal-Organic Polyhedra Capable of Binding Low-Symmetry, Information-Rich Molecular Cargoes. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10393-10437. [PMID: 35436092 PMCID: PMC9185692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of metallosupramolecular chemistry has advanced rapidly in recent years. Much work in this area has focused on the formation of hollow self-assembled metal-organic architectures and exploration of the applications of their confined nanospaces. These discrete, soluble structures incorporate metal ions as 'glue' to link organic ligands together into polyhedra.Most of the architectures employed thus far have been highly symmetrical, as these have been the easiest to prepare. Such high-symmetry structures contain pseudospherical cavities, and so typically bind roughly spherical guests. Biomolecules and high-value synthetic compounds are rarely isotropic, highly-symmetrical species. To bind, sense, separate, and transform such substrates, new, lower-symmetry, metal-organic cages are needed. Herein we summarize recent approaches, which taken together form the first draft of a handbook for the design of higher-complexity, lower-symmetry, self-assembled metal-organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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14
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Lisboa LS, Preston D, McAdam CJ, Wright LJ, Hartinger CG, Crowley JD. Heterotrimetallic Double Cavity Cages: Syntheses and Selective Guest Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201700. [PMID: 35194905 PMCID: PMC9310627 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the generation of heterotrimetallic double cavity (DC) cages [Pdn Ptm L4 ]6+ (DC1: n=1, m=2; and DC2: n=2, m=1) is reported. The DC cages were generated by combining an inert platinum(II) tetrapyridylaldehyde complex with a suitably substituted pyridylamine and PdII ions. 1 H and DOSY nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) data were consistent with the formation of the DC architectures. DC1 and DC2 were shown to interact with several different guest molecules. The structure of DC1, which features two identical cavities, binding two 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone (DAQ) guest molecules was determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. In addition, DC1 was shown to bind two molecules of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in a statistical (non-cooperative) manner. In contrast, DC2, which features two different cage cavities, was found to interact with two different guests, 5-FU and cisplatin, selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn S. Lisboa
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin9054New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Research School of ChemistryAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT 0200Australia
| | - C. John McAdam
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin9054New Zealand
| | - L. James Wright
- School of Chemical SciencesUniversity of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland1142New Zealand
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- School of Chemical SciencesUniversity of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland1142New Zealand
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin9054New Zealand
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15
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Lisboa LS, Preston D, McAdam CJ, Wright LJ, Hartinger CG, Crowley JD. Heterotrimetallic Double Cavity Cages: Syntheses and Selective Guest Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn S. Lisboa
- Department of Chemistry University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia
| | - C. John McAdam
- Department of Chemistry University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - L. James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department of Chemistry University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
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16
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Lim SW, Moon H, Kim D, Jung OS. Trimetallic coordination cage formation for nitrate encapsulation: transformation of kinetic products into thermodynamic products. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14320-14324. [PMID: 34558591 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02691g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A procedure for the formation of a nitrate-encapsulating tripalladium(II) cage via self-assembly of Pd(NO3)2 with 1,3-bis(dimethyl(pyridin-4-yl)silyl)propane (L) was developed. The self-assembly reaction initially produces spiro-type macrocycles, PdL2, and finally results in transformation into a nitrate-encapsulated cage, [(NO3)@Pd3L6], in the mother liquor. The reaction of PdX2 (X- = BF4-, ClO4-, PF6-, and CF3SO3- instead of NO3-) with L gives rise to a spiro species, PdL2, as the final product, and anion exchange of the spiro products, [PdL2](X)2, with NO3- produces the tripalladium cage [(NO3)@Pd3L6].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Woo Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heehun Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ok-Sang Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmundo G. Percástegui
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de México 04510 México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco km 14.5, Toluca Estado de México 50200 México
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18
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Wu K, Zhang B, Drechsler C, Holstein JJ, Clever GH. Rückgrat‐verknüpfte Liganden erhöhen die Vielfalt in heteroleptischen Koordinationskäfigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie TU Dortmund Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Bo Zhang
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie TU Dortmund Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Christoph Drechsler
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie TU Dortmund Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie TU Dortmund Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie TU Dortmund Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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19
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Sudan S, Li RJ, Jansze SM, Platzek A, Rudolf R, Clever GH, Fadaei-Tirani F, Scopelliti R, Severin K. Identification of a Heteroleptic Pd 6L 6L' 6 Coordination Cage by Screening of a Virtual Combinatorial Library. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1773-1778. [PMID: 33476512 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The design of structurally defined heteroleptic coordination cages is a challenging task, and only few examples are known to date. Here we describe a selection approach that allowed the identification of a novel hexanuclear Pd cage containing two types of dipyridyl ligands. A virtual combinatorial library of [PdnL2n](BF4)2n complexes was prepared by mixing six different dipyridyl ligands with substoichiometric amounts of [Pd(CH3CN)4](BF4)2. Analysis of the equilibrated reaction mixture revealed the preferential formation of a heteroleptic [Pd6L6L'6](BF4)12 assembly. The complex was prepared on a preparative scale by a targeted synthesis, and its structure was elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It features an unprecedented trigonal-antiprismatic cage structure with two triangular Pd3L3 macrocycles bridged by six L' ligands. A related but significantly larger [Pd6L6L'6](BF4)12 cage was obtained by using metalloligands instead of organic dipyridyl ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Sudan
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ru-Jin Li
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Suzanne M Jansze
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - André Platzek
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Robin Rudolf
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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20
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Cai LX, Yan DN, Cheng PM, Xuan JJ, Li SC, Zhou LP, Tian CB, Sun QF. Controlled Self-Assembly and Multistimuli-Responsive Interconversions of Three Conjoined Twin-Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2016-2024. [PMID: 33471998 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive structural transformations between discrete coordination supramolecular architectures not only are essential to construct smart functional materials but also provide a versatile molecular-level platform to mimic the biological transformation process. We report here the controlled self-assembly of three topologically unprecedented conjoined twin-cages, i.e., one stapled interlocked Pd12L6 cage (2) and two helically isomeric Pd6L3 cages (3 and 4) made from the same cis-blocked palladium corners and a new bis-bidentate ligand (1). While cage 2 features three mechanically coupled cavities, cages 3 and 4 are topologically isomeric helicate-based twin-cages based on the same metal/ligand stoichiometry. Sole formation of cage 2 or a dynamic mixture of cages 3 and 4 can be controlled by changing the solvents employed during the self-assembly. Structural conversions between cages 3 and 4 can be triggered by changes in both temperature/solvent and induced-fit guest encapsulations. Well-controlled interconversion between such topologically complex superstructures may lay a solid foundation for achieving a variety of functions within a switchable system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Dan-Ni Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Pei-Ming Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Jin-Jin Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Shao-Chuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li-Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Chong-Bin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Qing-Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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21
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Wu K, Zhang B, Drechsler C, Holstein JJ, Clever GH. Backbone-Bridging Promotes Diversity in Heteroleptic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:6403-6407. [PMID: 33113268 PMCID: PMC7986237 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The combination of shape-complementary bis-monodentate ligands LA and LB with PdII cations yields heteroleptic cages cis-[Pd2 LA 2 LB 2 ] by self-sorting. Herein, we report how such assemblies can be diversified by introduction of covalent backbone bridges between two LA units. Together with solvent and guest effects, the flexibility of these linkers can modulate nuclearity, topology, and number of cavities in a family of four structurally diverse assemblies. Ligand LA1 , with flexible linker, reacts in CH3 CN with its LB counterpart to a tetranuclear dimer D1. In DMSO, however, a trinuclear pseudo-tetrahedron T1 is formed. The product of LA2 , with rigid linker, looks similar to D1, but with a rotated ligand arrangement. In presence of an anionic guest, this dimer D2 transforms and a hexanuclear prismatic barrel P2 crystallizes. We demonstrate how controlling a ligand's coordination mode can trigger structural differentiation and increase complexity in metallo-supramolecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bo Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Drechsler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julian J Holstein
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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22
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Li B, Zhang W, Lu S, Zheng B, Zhang D, Li A, Li X, Yang XJ, Wu B. Multiple Transformations among Anion-based A2nL3n Assemblies: Bicapped Trigonal Antiprism A8L12, Tetrahedron A4L6, and Triple Helicate A2L3 (A = Anion). J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21160-21168. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Anyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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23
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Lee J, Lim S, Kim D, Jung OS, Lee YA. Flexibility and anion exchange of [(X)@Pd 2L 4] cages for recognition of size and charge of polyatomic anions. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15002-15008. [PMID: 33094791 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03005h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of Pd(NO3)2 with L (L = 1,2-bis(dimethyl(pyridin-3-yl)silyl)ethane) gives rise to [PdL2](NO3)2 in high yields. Anion exchange of [PdL2](NO3)2 with X- (X- = BF4-, ClO4-, and PF6-) changes the skeleton into a cage of [(X)@Pd2L4](X)3. Successive anion exchange of [(X)@Pd2L4](X)3 (X- = BF4-, ClO4-, and PF6-) with X- (X- = ReO4- and SiF62-) produces [(ReO4)@Pd2L4](ReO4)3 and [(SiF6)@Pd2L4](SiF6), respectively, irrespective of anion charge. The flexible nature and conformation of cages are significantly dependent on the nestled polyatomic anions. Thus, this system can be used as a molecular recognizer of the size and charge of ubiquitous polyatomic anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyeong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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24
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O'Connor HM, Coletta M, Etcheverry-Berríos A, Nichol GS, Brechin EK, Lusby PJ. Kinetic selection of Pd 4L 2 metallocyclic and Pd 6L 3 trigonal prismatic assemblies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11799-11802. [PMID: 33021303 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05311b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of Pd4L2 metallocylcic and Pd6L3 trigonal prismatic assemblies are described. The selection of one species over the other has been achieved by careful choice of ancilliary ligands, which switch the dynamics of the Pd-pyridine bonds such that a highly unusual and distorted smaller assembly can be kinetically trapped en route to the more energetically favourable larger species. Both assemblies provide promise as easy to access multicavity reaction vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M O'Connor
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Marco Coletta
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Alvaro Etcheverry-Berríos
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Euan K Brechin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Paul J Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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25
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Lewis JEM, Crowley JD. Metallo‐Supramolecular Self‐Assembly with Reduced‐Symmetry Ligands. Chempluschem 2020; 85:815-827. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James E. M. Lewis
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research Hub 80 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ United Kingdom
| | - James. D. Crowley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
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26
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Abstract
A self-assembled coordination cage usually possesses one well-defined three-dimensional (3D) cavity whereas infinite number of 3D-cavities are crafted in a designer metal-organic framework. Construction of a discrete coordination cage possessing multiple number of 3D-cavities is a challenging task. Here we report the peripheral decoration of a trinuclear [Pd3L6] core with one, two and three units of a [Pd2L4] entity for the preparation of multi-3D-cavity conjoined-cages of [Pd4(La)2(Lb)4], [Pd5(Lb)4(Lc)2] and [Pd6(Lc)6] formulations, respectively. Formation of the tetranuclear and pentanuclear complexes is attributed to the favorable integrative self-sorting of the participating components. Cage-fusion reactions and ligand-displacement-induced cage-to-cage transformation reactions are carried out using appropriately chosen ligand components and cages prepared in this work. The smaller [Pd2L4] cavity selectively binds one unit of NO3−, F−, Cl− or Br− while the larger [Pd3L6] cavity accommodates up to four DMSO molecules. Designing aspects of our conjoined-cages possess enough potential to inspire construction of exotic molecular architectures. Developing simple routes for construction of multi-compartmental cages is a compelling and challenging task. Here, the authors report modular construction of multi-3D-cavity cages featuring one, two or three units of a [Pd2L4] entity conjoined with a [Pd3L6] core.
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27
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Saha S, Ghosh A, Paululat T, Schmittel M. Allosteric regulation of rotational, optical and catalytic properties within multicomponent machinery. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8693-8700. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01961e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric regulation of various functions within multicomponent machinery was triggered by the reversible transformation of nanorotors (k298 = 44–61 kHz) to “dimeric” supramolecular structures (k298 = 0.60 kHz) upon adding a stoichiometric chemical stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Saha
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie I
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Amit Ghosh
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie I
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Thomas Paululat
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie II
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie I
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
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28
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Sarada G, Kim A, Kim D, Jung OS. Diverse anion exchange of pliable [X 2@Pd 3L 4] 4+ double cages: a molecular ruler for recognition of polyatomic anions. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6183-6190. [PMID: 32301465 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01027h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of Pd(BF4)2 with L (L = bis(pyridin-3-yl-propyl)pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate) in the 1 : 2 mole ratio gives rise to a spiro-type [PdL2]·(BF4)2·2C6H6·2CH3CN, and further self-assembly of [PdL2]·(BF4)2·2C6H6·2CH3CN with Pd(NO3)2 in the 2 : 1 mole ratio in Me2SO at 90 °C produces a uniquely pliable double cage of [(NO3)2(H2O)2@Pd3L4](BF4)4·6C3H7NO. Both the encapsulated NO3- and the outside BF4- anions are exchanged by X- to form [(X)2@Pd3L4](X')4 (X- = PF6-, ClO4-, and/or NO3-; X'- = BF4-, PF6-, ClO4-, and NO3-) with all-inclusive pure or mixed anions. The pliable and characteristic properties of the double cages were confirmed by anion exchange of the nestled or outside anions in the present study. This system can be used as a ruler for recognition of ubiquitous polyatomic anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganguri Sarada
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ahreum Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ok-Sang Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Preston D, Inglis AR, Crowley JD, Kruger PE. Self‐assembly and Cycling of a Three‐state Pd
x
L
y
Metallosupramolecular System. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3404-3408. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Preston
- School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of Canterbury Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of Canterbury Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
| | - Amanda R. Inglis
- School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of Canterbury Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Paul E. Kruger
- School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of Canterbury Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of Canterbury Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
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30
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Fu JH, Wang SY, Chen YS, Prusty S, Chan YT. One-Pot Self-Assembly of Stellated Metallosupramolecules from Multivalent and Complementary Terpyridine-Based Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16217-16221. [PMID: 31509710 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of stellated metallosupramolecular architectures have been assembled through three-component integrative self-sorting. Building on the complementary ligand pairing, the initial attempts to synthesize the hexagram complex from a combination of X-shaped tetrakis- and V-shaped bis-terpyridine ligands, and CdII ions, resulted in an unprecedented mixture of stellated octanuclear and dodecanuclear metallocages, which were further isolated by column chromatography. To overcome the unexpected obstacle, the multivalent ligand design along with spontaneous heteroleptic complexation was applied to realization of the one-pot synthesis of the intricate topology. A centrally situated triangle served as a prop for quantitative formation of the six-pointed stellated complex. Notably, in the absence of the triangular prop, a four-pointed star was produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hao Fu
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Soumyakanta Prusty
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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31
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Yoshizawa M, Catti L. Bent Anthracene Dimers as Versatile Building Blocks for Supramolecular Capsules. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2392-2404. [PMID: 31347840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This Account provides a comprehensive summary of our 1-decade-long investigations into bent anthracene dimers as versatile building blocks for supramolecular capsules. The investigations initiated in 2008 with the design of an anthracene dimer with a meta-phenylene spacer bearing two substituents on the convex side. Using the bent polyaromatic building block, we began to develop novel supramolecular capsules from two different synthetic approaches. One is a coordination approach, which was pursued by converting the building block into a bent ligand with two pyridine units at the terminal positions. The ligands quantitatively assemble into an M2L4-type capsule through coordination bonding with metal ions. The other is a π-stacking approach, which was followed by utilizing the block as a bent amphiphilic molecule with two trimethylammonium groups at the spacer. In water, the amphiphiles spontaneously assemble into a micelle-type capsule through the hydrophobic effect and π-stacking interactions. Simple modification of the building block allowed us to prepare a wide variety of coordination capsules as well as π-stacking capsules, bearing different hydrophilic side-chains, terminal substitutions, connecting units, polyaromatic panels, or spacer units. The coordination capsule possesses a rigid cavity, with a diameter of ∼1 nm, surrounded by multiple anthracene panels. The spherical polyaromatic cavity binds various synthetic molecules (e.g., paracyclophanes, corannulene, BODIPY, and fullerene C60) in aqueous solutions. With the aid of the polyaromatic shell, photochemically and thermally reactive radical initiators and oligosulfurs are greatly stabilized in the cavity. Biomolecules such as hydrophilic sucrose and oligo(lactic acid)s as well as hydrophobic androgenic hormones are bound by the capsule with high selectivity. In addition, long amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide)s are threaded into the closed shell of the capsule(s) to generate unusual pseudorotaxane-shaped host-guest complexes in water. In contrast, the π-stacking capsule furnishes a flexible cavity, adaptable to the size and shape of guest molecules, encircled by multiple anthracene panels. In water, the capsule binds hydrophobic fluorescent dyes (e.g., Nile red and DCM) in the cavity. Simple grinding of the bent amphiphile with highly hydrophobic nanocarbons such as fullerenes, nanographenes, and carbon nanotubes (followed by sonication) as well as metal-complexes such as Cu(II)-phthalocyanines and Mn(III)-tetraphenylporphyrins leads to the efficient formation of water-soluble host-guest complexes upon encapsulation. Red emission from otherwise water-deactivated Eu(III)-complexes is largely enhanced in water through encapsulation. Moreover, the incorporation of pH- and photoswitches into the amphiphile affords stimuli-responsive π-stacking capsules, capable of releasing bound guests by the addition of acid and light irradiation, respectively, in water. The host functions of the coordination and π-stacking capsules are complementary to each other, which enables selection of the capsule-type depending on the envisioned target. We are convinced that continued investigation of the present supramolecular capsules featuring the bent anthracene dimer and its derivatives will further increase their value as advanced molecular tools for synthetic, analytical, material, biological, and/or medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michito Yoshizawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Lorenzo Catti
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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32
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Zeng L, Xiao Y, Jiang J, Fang H, Ke Z, Chen L, Zhang J. Hierarchical Gelation of a Pd12L24 Metal–Organic Cage Regulated by Cholesteryl Groups. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10019-10027. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen University, MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yali Xiao
- Sun Yat-Sen University, MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haobin Fang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- Sun Yat-Sen University, MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liuping Chen
- Sun Yat-Sen University, MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China
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33
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Bardhan D, Chand DK. Palladium(II)-Based Self-Assembled Heteroleptic Coordination Architectures: A Growing Family. Chemistry 2019; 25:12241-12269. [PMID: 31158303 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-driven self-assembly is one of the most effective approaches to lucidly design a large range of discrete 2D and 3D coordination architectures/complexes. Palladium(II)-based self-assembled coordination architectures are usually prepared by using suitable metal components, in either a partially protected form (PdL') or typical form (Pd; charges are not shown), and designed ligand components. The self-assembled molecules prepared by using a metal component and only one type of bi- or polydentate ligand (L) can be classified in the homoleptic series of complexes. On the other hand, the less explored heteroleptic series of complexes are obtained by using a metal component and at least two different types of non-chelating bi- or polydentate ligands (such as La and Lb ). Methods that allow the controlled generation of single, discrete heteroleptic complexes are less understood. A survey of palladium(II)-based self-assembled coordination cages that are heteroleptic has been made. This review article illustrates a systematic collection of such architectures and credible justification of their formation, along with reported functional aspects of the complexes. The collected heteroleptic assemblies are classified here into three sections: 1) [(PdL')m (La )x (Lb )y ]-type complexes, in which the denticity of La and Lb is equal; 2) [(PdL')m (La )x (Lb )y ]-type complexes, in which the denticity of La and Lb is different; and 3) [Pdm (La )x (Lb )y ]-type complexes, in which the denticity of La and Lb is equal. Representative examples of some important homoleptic architectures are also provided, wherever possible, to set a background for a better understanding of the related heteroleptic versions. The purpose of this review is to pave the way for the construction of several unique heteroleptic coordination assemblies that might exhibit emergent supramolecular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devjanee Bardhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennnai, 600036, India
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennnai, 600036, India
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Samantray S, Bandi S, Chand DK. Design of a double-decker coordination cage revisited to make new cages and exemplify ligand isomerism. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1129-1140. [PMID: 31164949 PMCID: PMC6541329 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexation study of cis-protected and bare palladium(II) components with a new tridentate ligand, i.e., pyridine-3,5-diylbis(methylene) dinicotinate (L1) is the focus of this work. Complexation of cis-Pd(tmeda)(NO3)2 with L1 at a 1:1 or 3:2 ratio produced [Pd(tmeda)(L1)](NO3)2 (1a). The reaction mixture obtained at 3:2 ratio upon prolonged heating, produced a small amount of [Pd3(tmeda)3(L1)2](NO3)6 (2a). Complexation of Pd(NO3)2 with L1 at a 1:2 or 3:4 ratios afforded [Pd(L1)2](NO3)2 (3a) and [(NO3)2@Pd3(L1)4](NO3)4 (4a), respectively. The encapsulated NO3– ions of 4a undergo anion exchange with halides (F–, Cl– and Br– but not with I–) to form [(X)2@Pd3(L1)4](NO3)45a–7a. The coordination behaviour of ligand L1 and some dynamic properties of these complexes are compared with a set of known complexes prepared using the regioisomeric ligand bis(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate (L2). Importantly, a ligand isomerism phenomenon is claimed by considering complexes prepared from L1 and L2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Samantray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sreenivasulu Bandi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Dillip K Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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Imai Y, Yuasa J. Supramolecular chirality transformation driven by monodentate ligand binding to a coordinatively unsaturated self-assembly based on C 3-symmetric ligands. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4236-4245. [PMID: 31057752 PMCID: PMC6471804 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00399a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Monodentate ligand binding is facilitated by supramolecular chirality transformations from propeller-shaped chirality into single-twist chirality by altering the self-assembly of C 3-symmetric chiral ligands. The C 3-symmetric chiral ligands (Im R 3Bz and Im S 3Bz) contain three chiral imidazole side arms (Im R and Im S ) at the 1,3,5-positions of a central benzene ring. Upon coordination to zinc ions (Zn2+), which have a tetrahedral coordination preference, the C 3-symmetric chiral ligands assemble, in a stepwise manner, into a propeller-shaped assembly with a general formula (Im( R or S ) 3Bz)4(Zn2+)3. In this structure each Zn2+ ion coordinates to the three individual imidazole side arms. The resulting assembly is formally coordinatively unsaturated (coordination number, n = 3) and capable of accepting monodentate co-ligands (imidazole: ImH2) to afford a coordinatively saturated assembly [(ImH2)3(Im R 3Bz)4(Zn2+)3]. The preformed propeller-shaped chirality is preserved during this transformation. However, an excess of the monodentate co-ligand (ImH2/Zn2+ molar ratio of ∼1.7) alters the propeller-shaped assembly into a stacked dimer assembly [(ImH2) m (Im R 3Bz)2(Zn2+)3] (m = 4-6) with single-twist chirality. This switch alters the degree of enhancement and the circular dichroism (CD) pattern, suggesting a structural transition into a chiral object with a different shape. This architectural chirality transformation presents a new approach to forming dynamic coordination-assemblies, which have transformable geometric chiral structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku , Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan .
| | - Junpei Yuasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku , Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan .
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Preston D, Kruger PE. Reversible Transformation between a [PdL2
]2+
“Figure-of-Eight” Complex and a [Pd2
L2
]4+
Dimer: Switching On and Off Self-Recognition. Chemistry 2019; 25:1781-1786. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Preston
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences; University of Canterbury; Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
| | - Paul E. Kruger
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences; University of Canterbury; Christchurch 8041 New Zealand
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37
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Perretti MD, Pérez-Márquez LA, García-Rodríguez R, Carrillo R. Building Covalent Molecular Capsules by Thiol-Michael Addition Click Reaction. J Org Chem 2018; 84:840-850. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelle D. Perretti
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” (IUBO), Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 2, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Lidia A. Pérez-Márquez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” (IUBO), Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 2, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Romen Carrillo
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” (IUBO), Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 2, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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38
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Jansze SM, Ortiz D, Fadaei Tirani F, Scopelliti R, Menin L, Severin K. Inflating face-capped Pd 6L 8 coordination cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9529-9532. [PMID: 30094441 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04870c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tritopic metalloligands were used to form two Pd6L8-type coordination cages. With molecular weights of more than 15 kDa and PdPd distances of up to 4.2 nm, these complexes are among the largest palladium cages described to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Jansze
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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39
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Zhu R, Regeni I, Holstein JJ, Dittrich B, Simon M, Prévost S, Gradzielski M, Clever GH. Catenation and Aggregation of Multi-Cavity Coordination Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13652-13656. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongmei Zhu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Current affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu PR China
| | - Irene Regeni
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Birger Dittrich
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Universitätsstrasse 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Miriam Simon
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL); 71 avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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40
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Zhu R, Regeni I, Holstein JJ, Dittrich B, Simon M, Prévost S, Gradzielski M, Clever GH. Catenierung und Aggregation von Koordinationskäfigen mit mehreren Kavitäten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongmei Zhu
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; TU Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
- Derzeitige Zugehörigkeit: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; Jiangsu VR China
| | - Irene Regeni
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; TU Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; TU Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Birger Dittrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf; Deutschland
| | - Miriam Simon
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Deutschland
| | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Max von Laue - Paul Langevin (ILL); 71 Avenue des Martyrs Grenoble Frankreich
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Deutschland
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; TU Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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41
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Ganta S, Chand DK. Molecular Recombination Phenomena in Palladium(II)-Based Self-Assembled Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:5145-5158. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Ganta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Dillip K. Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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42
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Krick M, Holstein J, Würtele C, Clever GH. Endohedral dynamics of push-pull rotor-functionalized cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:10411-4. [PMID: 27484435 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04155h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of [Pd2L4] coordination cages featuring endohedral functionalities in central backbone positions was synthesized. Although attached via C[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bonds, the substituents behave as molecular rotors. This is explained by their pronounced donor-acceptor character which lowers rotational barriers and allows for electronic control over the spinning rates inside the cage. The dynamic behaviour of the free ligands, assembled cages and host-guest complexes is compared with the aid of NMR experiments, X-ray structure analysis and molecular modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Krick
- Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Julian Holstein
- Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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43
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Ganta S, Chand DK. Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Metallogel Molded from a Pd2L4-Type Coordination Cage: Selective Removal of Anionic Dyes. Inorg Chem 2017; 57:3634-3645. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Ganta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Dillip K. Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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44
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Vasdev RAS, Preston D, Crowley JD. Multicavity Metallosupramolecular Architectures. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2513-2523. [PMID: 28755432 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Discrete metallosupramolecular systems are often macrocyclic or cage-like architectures with an accessible internal cavity. Guest molecules can reside within these cavities and much of the interest in these systems is derived from these fascinating host-guest interactions. A range of potential applications stem from the ability of these metallosupramolecular architectures to encapsulate guests. These applications include catalysis or acting as molecular reaction flasks, the molecular scavenging of pollutants, storage of reactive species, and drug delivery. Multicavity metallosupramolecular architectures combine the ability of large hollow assemblies to bind multiple guests concurrently with the binding specificity associated with small cages. A variety of different approaches to generating separate compartments within a single metallosupramolecular assembly have emerged. These include interpenetrated cages, cages with polytopic ligands that have a long backbone, and molecules that have two or more clefts. This review examines these approaches, and highlights key contributions to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roan A S Vasdev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
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45
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Abstract
A pentanuclear coordination complex assembled from any palladium(II) component and non-chelating ligands is hitherto unreported. The pentanuclear complex [Pd5 (L1)5 (L2)5 ](BF4 )10 , 1 reported here was prepared by the spontaneous complexation of [Pd(DMSO)4 ](BF4 )2 with the non-chelating bidentate ligands 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) diisonicotinate, L1 and 4,4'-bipyridine, L2 in a one-pot method at room temperature. The planar polycyclic complex 1 with outer diameters of ≈3 nm is termed as a "molecular star" owing to its resemblance with a pentagram shape. Interim paths leading to the star were also probed to decipher related dynamics of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyakanta Prusty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Kohei Yazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.,Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Michito Yoshizawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
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46
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Yazaki K, Akita M, Prusty S, Chand DK, Kikuchi T, Sato H, Yoshizawa M. Polyaromatic molecular peanuts. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15914. [PMID: 28656977 PMCID: PMC5493752 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mimicking biological structures such as fruits and seeds using molecules and molecular assemblies is a great synthetic challenge. Here we report peanut-shaped nanostructures comprising two fullerene molecules fully surrounded by a dumbbell-like polyaromatic shell. The shell derives from a molecular double capsule composed of four W-shaped polyaromatic ligands and three metal ions. Mixing the double capsule with various fullerenes (that is, C60, C70 and Sc3N@C80) gives rise to the artificial peanuts with lengths of ∼3 nm in quantitative yields through the release of the single metal ion. The rational use of both metal-ligand coordination bonds and aromatic-aromatic π-stacking interactions as orthogonal chemical glue is essential for the facile preparation of the multicomponent, biomimetic nanoarchitectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yazaki
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Soumyakanta Prusty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12 Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12 Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Michito Yoshizawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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47
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Preston D, Lewis JEM, Crowley JD. Multicavity [PdnL4]2n+ Cages with Controlled Segregated Binding of Different Guests. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2379-2386. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Preston
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James E. M. Lewis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
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48
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Bloch WM, Abe Y, Holstein JJ, Wandtke CM, Dittrich B, Clever GH. Geometric Complementarity in Assembly and Guest Recognition of a Bent Heteroleptic cis-[Pd2LA2LB2] Coordination Cage. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13750-13755. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Witold M. Bloch
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yoko Abe
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Claudia M. Wandtke
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August University Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Birger Dittrich
- Institute
for Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße
6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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49
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Frank M, Johnstone MD, Clever GH. Interpenetrated Cage Structures. Chemistry 2016; 22:14104-25. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Frank
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Georg-August University Göttingen; Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Mark D. Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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50
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Bandi S, Samantray S, Chakravarthy RD, Pal AK, Hanan GS, Chand DK. Double-Decker Coordination Cages. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivasulu Bandi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; 600036 Chennai India
| | - Sagarika Samantray
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; 600036 Chennai India
| | | | - Amlan K. Pal
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montreal; Montreal Canada
| | - Garry S. Hanan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montreal; Montreal Canada
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; 600036 Chennai India
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