1
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Biskup D, Schnakenburg G, Boeré RT, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel RK. Challenging an old paradigm by demonstrating transition metal-like chemistry at a neutral nonmetal center. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6456. [PMID: 37833259 PMCID: PMC10575908 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe nonmetal adducts of the phosphorus center of terminal phosphinidene complexes using classical C- and N-ligands from metal coordination chemistry. The nature of the L-P bond has been analyzed by various theoretical methods including a refined method on the variation of the Laplacian of electron density ∇2ρ along the L-P bond path. Studies on thermal stability reveal stark differences between N-ligands such as N-methyl imidazole and C-ligands such as tert-butyl isocyanide, including ligand exchange reactions and a surprising formation of white phosphorus. A milestone is the transformation of a nonmetal-bound isocyanide into phosphaguanidine or an acyclic bisaminocarbene bound to phosphorus; the latter is analogous to the chemistry of transition metal-bound isocyanides, and the former reveals the differences. This example has been studied via cutting-edge DFT calculations leading to two pathways differently favored depending on variations in steric demand. This study reveals the emergence of organometallic from coordination chemistry of a neutral nonmetal center.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Biskup
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - René T Boeré
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, T1K3M4, Canada
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Campus de Espinardo, Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Rainer K Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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2
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Khan AA, Kalisch T, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. Dehydrogenation reaction of triethylamine by an electrophilic terminal phosphinidene complex. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3275-3278. [PMID: 36877533 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00300k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of a transiently formed terminal phosphinidene complex with triethylamine resulted in the formation of an sp3 C-H insertion product, as revealed by 31P NMR spectroscopy, which was isolated as semi-solid compound. However, if the reaction was continued for 24 h, a primary phosphane complex was obtained eventually. The compounds were characterised by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Formation of the final products is explained by a mechanistic proposal based on DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ali Khan
- University School of Basic & Applied Sciences, G.G.S. Indraprastha University, Dwarka, Sector-16C, New Delhi - 110078, India
| | - Tim Kalisch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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3
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Qiu L, Zhang Q, Wei D, Tian R, Duan Z. Insight into fragmentation of a phosphirane to form phosphinidene complexes: an illustration with the 1-phenylselenylphosphirane W(CO) 5 complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3046-3050. [PMID: 35133395 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04208d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations with 1-phenylselenylphosphirane complex 1 provide an insight into phosphirane fragmentation to phosphinidene complexes. FMO and ELF analyses show that the cleavage of two P-C σ bonds of phosphirane proceeds via an asynchronous concerted pathway. Transient [PhSeP-W(CO)5] was generated by dissociation of 1 at 90 °C and trapped with different reagents. The 1-phenoxylphosphirane complex undergoes [1 + 2] retroaddition at a comparatively higher temperature which implies that the lone pair of the adjacent atom center of phosphorus plays a major role in phosphirane fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
| | - Qiaoyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
| | - Rongqiang Tian
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
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4
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García Alcaraz A, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. Azaphosphiridines: challenges and perspectives. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:7324-7336. [PMID: 33956019 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review describes a broad spectrum of synthetic strategies to access mono- and polycyclic azaphosphiridines; properties and theoretical calculations of free and metal-ligated are discussed. These species are characterized by a highly strained (saturated) CPN ring with three differently polarized endocyclic bonds. The latter causes a high reactivity of aza-phosphiridine complexes towards ring expansion and exchange reactions. Increasing the ring strain leads to masked FLP behaviour, i.e., small molecule activation was observed. New perspectives in homogenous catalysis are also offered, e.g., a pool of novel chiral P-heterocyclic ligands, ready to be explored, if the challenge to unligate them is solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García Alcaraz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhards-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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5
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Schmer A, Junker P, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. M/X Phosphinidenoid Metal Complex Chemistry. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1754-1765. [PMID: 33734678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusLike singlet carbenes and silylenes, transient electrophilic terminal phosphinidene complexes enabled highly selective synthetic transformations, but the required multistep synthetic protocols precluded widespread use of these P1 building blocks. By contrast, nucleophilic M/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes can be easily accessed in one step from [M(CO)n(RPCl2)] complexes. This advantage and the mild reaction conditions opened broad synthetic applicability that enabled access to a variety of novel compounds. The chemistry will be described in this Account, including bonding and mechanistic considerations derived from high-level density functional theory calculations.In 2007, we gained the first strong evidence for the formation of these thermally labile complexes using two different synthetic approaches: P-H deprotonation and Cl/Li exchange; the latter has become the preferred method. Intense studies revealed that steric demand of the P substituents in combination with metal complexation, a donor solvent, and/or the presence of a crown ether are necessary prerequisites for the formation and especially the usability of these intermediates as novel P1 building blocks. Solution-phase NMR spectroscopy and solid-state X-ray diffraction studies revealed the bonding situation, i.e., a solvent-separated ion pair structure, and typical 31P NMR signatures of the anions. To date, we have established the following reactivity patterns for Li/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes: self-condensations (I), electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions (II), 1,1-additions (III), [2 + 1] cycloadditions (IV), ring expansions (V), and redox reactions (VI). For example, self-condensations can yield dinuclear acyclic or polycyclic diphosphane or diphosphene complexes. Their use as nucleophiles and electrophiles can be employed to access functional phosphane ligands with mixed substitution patterns. 1,1-Addition reactions were a puzzling discovery because the resulting products resembled classical P-C π-bond structures but the bonding was more of a donor-to-phosphorus adduct with significant differences in bonding parameters. Into the same category and also surprising fall formal E-H insertion reactions leading to 1,1'-bifunctional phosphane complexes. To date, the most important synthetic impact was achieved in the chemistry of strained P-heterocyclic ligands such as oxaphosphiranes and azaphosphiridines, obtained via [2 + 1] cycloadditions of the title compounds with carbonyls and imines, respectively. Ring expansions have been shown to yield 1,2-oxaphosphetanes and 1,2-thiaphosphetanes, and because of the pool of industrially important epoxides, this provides straightforward and affordable access to these novel P-heterocyclic ligands, which also promise to be of interest in catalytic applications. Recent developments describe redox transformations of Li/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes into new reactive intermediates such as complexes with open-shell P-functional phosphanyl ligands via oxidative single electron transfer reactions or into terminal electrophilic phosphinidene complexes via chloride elimination. The latter is clearly restricted to P-amino derivatives because of their enhanced π-donation capability, as evidenced in a recent study on umpolung of these reactive intermediates. While our efforts to expand M/X phosphinidenoid complex chemistry are ongoing, we want to emphasize that the development of new reactive intermediates not only improves our understanding of bonding and reactivity but also opens new perspectives in organoelement chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Junker
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Schmer A, Bauza A, Schnakenburg G, Frontera A, Streubel R. Molecular 1,1'-bifunctional mixed-valence P-P compounds, enabled through metal complexation. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2131-2137. [PMID: 33491699 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04070c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mixed-valence compounds feature the same atoms but in different formal oxidation states. This research field is largely dominated by metal-based solid-state chemistry and has been intensively studied in recent years. By contrast, the situation is different for molecular main group element compounds and to establish 1,1'-bifunctional groups remained a particular challenge. Here a detailed study on 1,1'-bifunctional mixed-valence main group compounds possessing a P-P bond is presented, and the fundamental role of the metal complex fragments is discussed. Based on the generation of a transient phosphanylidene-phosphinidenoid complex a dinuclear diphosphene complex was obtained possessing an unprecedented ambident reactivity, i.e., 1,2-addition or 1,1-addition products were obtained depending on the nature of the reagent. The 1,1-addition products represent stable hitherto unknown 1,1'-bifunctional phosphanylidene-phosphorane complexes which have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies. Detailed state-of-the-art DFT calculations provide insight into bonding and reaction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schmer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Antonio Bauza
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa, 07122 Palma (Baleares), Spain
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa, 07122 Palma (Baleares), Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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7
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Wang M, Qiu L, Cui M, Tian R, Duan Z, Mathey F. Mn 2(CO) 10-Catalyzed Intramolecular Dimerization of Diphosphirane Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Cui
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongqiang Tian
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - François Mathey
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Streubel R, Volk N, Schnakenburg G, García Alcaraz A, Espinosa Ferao A. Synthesis of the First Oxaphosphirane Iron Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Streubel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Niklas Volk
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Antonio García Alcaraz
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
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9
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Wang M, Yang T, Tian R, Wei D, Duan Z, Mathey F. The chemistry of phosphirane-substituted phosphinidene complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9707-9710. [PMID: 32699865 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04501b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermolysis of the 1,1'-biphosphirane pentacarbonylmetal complex offers access to 3,4-dihydro-1,2-diphosphete and diphosphorus (P2) intermediates. A control reaction proves that this step-wise reaction is initiated by the dissociation of a W(CO)5 group. DFT calculations predict that further transformations proceed via a transient phosphiranylphosphinidene complex. The formation of the 3,4-dihydro-1,2-diphosphete derivative is thermodynamically favored, while a kinetic process provides the diphosphorus (P2) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Tingting Yang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Rongqiang Tian
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
| | - François Mathey
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China.
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10
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Espinosa Ferao A, García Alcaraz A, Zaragoza Noguera S, Streubel R. Terminal Phosphinidene Complex Adducts with Neutral and Anionic O-Donors and Halides and the Search for a Differentiating Bonding Descriptor. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12829-12841. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio García Alcaraz
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Salvador Zaragoza Noguera
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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11
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Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. Coordination of N2
and Other Small Molecules to the Phosphorus Centre of RPW(CO)5
: A Theoretical Study on the Janus Facets of the Stabilization/Activation Problem. Chemistry 2017; 23:8632-8643. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química; Universidad de Murcia; Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhardt-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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12
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Zhao X, Lu Z, Wang Q, Wei D, Lu Y, Duan Z, Mathey F. Blocking Intramolecular Cycloadditions between C≡C Triple Bonds and Electrophilic Phosphinidene Complexes: Generation of Intermediates Able To React with Arenes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus
Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus
Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongming Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus
Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus
Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus
Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus
Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus
Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus
Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Lu
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus
Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus
Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Francois Mathey
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus
Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus
Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
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13
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Seidl M, Weinzierl R, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Insight into the Reaction of a Dinuclear Phosphinidene Complex with Nitriles. Chemistry 2016; 22:5484-8. [PMID: 26887793 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The phosphinidene complex [Cp*P{W(CO)5}2] (1; Cp*=C5 Me5 ) reacted with malononitrile to give the 1,2-dihydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphinine derivative 2. The reaction of 1 with 1,4-benzodinitrile gave [1,4-{{W(CO)5}2 P-N=C(Cp*)}2 (C6 H4)] (3), the first example of a cumulene-like aminophosphinidene complex. The reaction of 1 with aniline gave the aminophosphinidene complex [(Ph)N(H)P{W(CO)5}2] (4). To compare the reactivity of benzonitrile and aniline with 1, the phosphinidene complex 1 was reacted with three different isomers of aminobenzonitrile (2-, 3-, and 4-aminobenzonitrile). These reactions gave an insight into the reaction pathway of 1 with benzonitrile derivatives. Compounds 5, 6 a, 6 b, and 7, which are derivatives of 1,2-dihydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphinine or benzo-2H-1,2-azaphospholes, were, as well as all other products, characterized by mass spectrometry, NMR and IR spectroscopy, and X-ray structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Weinzierl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.
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14
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Villalba Franco JM, Schnakenburg G, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. Coordination chemistry of a low-coordinate non-metal element: the case of electrophilic terminal phosphinidene complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13951-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02909d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3-Imino-azaphosphiridine complex 1 reacts with CO to give 1,3-azaphosphetidinone complex 2, whereas with isocyanides 3a,b substitution occurred to yield the isocyanide-to-phosphinidene adducts 4a,b.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Reinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Murcia
- Campus de Espinardo
- 30100 – Murcia
- Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Reinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
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15
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Wong J, Li Y, Hao Y, Tian R, Mathey F. Isomerization of Secondary Phosphirane into Terminal Phosphinidene Complexes: An Analogy between Monovalent Phosphorus and Transition Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Wong J, Li Y, Hao Y, Tian R, Mathey F. Isomerization of Secondary Phosphirane into Terminal Phosphinidene Complexes: An Analogy between Monovalent Phosphorus and Transition Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12891-3. [PMID: 26385022 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Secondary phosphirane complexes isomerize above 100 °C to give the corresponding terminal phosphinidene complexes, which can be trapped by alkenes and alkynes. This reaction is a rare instance of the isomerization of a P(III) derivative into a P(I) derivative. It appears to mimic the reductive elimination of alkanes from transition-alkylmetal hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wong
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Yanwei Hao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001 (P.R. China)
| | - Rongqiang Tian
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001 (P.R. China).
| | - François Mathey
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371 (Singapore).
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17
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Villalba Franco JM, Sasamori T, Schnakenburg G, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. Going for strain: synthesis of the first 3-imino-azaphosphiridine complexes and their conversion into oxaphosphirane complex valence isomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3878-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10266e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of a Li/Cl phosphinidenoid complex with carbodiimides yielded novel 3-imino-azaphosphiridine complexes, which was converted to the first stable valence isomer of an oxaphosphirane complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Reinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Murcia
- Campus de Espinardo
- 30100 Murcia
- Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Reinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
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