1
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Qi LJ, Zhou B, Ye LW. Catalytic Epoxidation of Carbonyl Compounds via Carbonyl Ylides: from Racemic to Enantioselective. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401389. [PMID: 38779789 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed epoxidation of carbonyl compounds through carbonyl ylides represents a highly effective method for synthesizing a diverse range of valuable epoxides. This review offers an in-depth overview of the latest developments in inter- and intramolecular epoxidation reactions involving metal carbenes and carbonyl compounds, encompassing both racemic to enantioselective transformations. These catalytic epoxidations are reviewed by highlighting their product selectivity, diversity and applicability, and the related mechanistic rationale is showcased where possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Jun Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering &, Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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2
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Lathrop SP, Mlinar LB, Manjrekar ON, Zhou Y, Harper KC, Sacia ER, Higgins M, Bogdan AR, Wang Z, Richter SM, Gong W, Voight EA, Henle J, Diwan M, Kallemeyn JM, Sharland JC, Wei B, Davies HML. Continuous Process to Safely Manufacture an Aryldiazoacetate and Its Direct Use in a Dirhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Cyclopropanation. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P. Lathrop
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Laurie B. Mlinar
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Onkar N. Manjrekar
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Yong Zhou
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Kaid C. Harper
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Eric R. Sacia
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Molly Higgins
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Andrew R. Bogdan
- Advanced Chemistry Technologies, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Zhe Wang
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Steven M. Richter
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Wei Gong
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Eric A. Voight
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jeremy Henle
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Moiz Diwan
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Kallemeyn
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jack C. Sharland
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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3
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Taheri‐Torbati M, Eshghi H. Fe
3
O
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@CS‐Ni: an efficient and recyclable magnetic nanocatalyst for α‐alkylation of ketones with benzyl alcohols by borrowing hydrogen methodology. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Taheri‐Torbati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Hossein Eshghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
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4
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Mishra DR, Panda BS, Nayak S, Panda J, Mohapatra S. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of 5‐Membered
N
‐Heterocycles via Rhodium Catalysed Cascade Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak R. Mishra
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Bhabani S. Panda
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Sabita Nayak
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Jasmine Panda
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Seetaram Mohapatra
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
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5
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Ruffell K, Smith FR, Green MT, Nicolle SM, Inman M, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. Diazophosphonates: Effective Surrogates for Diazoalkanes in Pyrazole Synthesis. Chemistry 2021; 27:13703-13708. [PMID: 34425034 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diazophosphonates, readily prepared from α-ketophosphonates by oxidation of the corresponding hydrazones in batch or in flow, are useful partners in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions to alkynes to give N-H pyrazoles, including the first intramolecular examples of such a process. The phosphoryl group imbues a number of desirable properties into the diazo 1,3-dipole. The electron-withdrawing nature of the phosphoryl stabilizes the diazo compound making it easier to handle, whilst the ability of the phosphoryl group to migrate readily in a [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement enables its transfer from C to N to aromatize the initial cycloadduct, and hence its facile removal from the final pyrazole product. Overall, the diazophosphonate acts as a surrogate for the much less stable diazoalkane in cycloadditions, with the phosphoryl group playing a vital, but traceless, role. The cycloaddition proceeds more readily with alkynes bearing electron-withdrawing groups, and is regiospecific with asymmetrical alkynes. The potential of diazophosphonates for use in bioorthogonal cycloadditions is demonstrated by their facile addition to strained alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Ruffell
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Frances R Smith
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Michael T Green
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Simon M Nicolle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J Hayes
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
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6
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Hatridge TA, Wei B, Davies HML, Jones CW. Copper-Catalyzed, Aerobic Oxidation of Hydrazone in a Three-Phase Packed Bed Reactor. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A. Hatridge
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
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7
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Govaerts S, Nyuchev A, Noel T. Pushing the boundaries of C–H bond functionalization chemistry using flow technology. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-020-00077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractC–H functionalization chemistry is one of the most vibrant research areas within synthetic organic chemistry. While most researchers focus on the development of small-scale batch-type transformations, more recently such transformations have been carried out in flow reactors to explore new chemical space, to boost reactivity or to enable scalability of this important reaction class. Herein, an up-to-date overview of C–H bond functionalization reactions carried out in continuous-flow microreactors is presented. A comprehensive overview of reactions which establish the formal conversion of a C–H bond into carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bonds is provided; this includes metal-assisted C–H bond cleavages, hydrogen atom transfer reactions and C–H bond functionalizations which involve an SE-type process to aromatic or olefinic systems. Particular focus is devoted to showcase the advantages of flow processing to enhance C–H bond functionalization chemistry. Consequently, it is our hope that this review will serve as a guide to inspire researchers to push the boundaries of C–H functionalization chemistry using flow technology.
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8
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Green S, Wheelhouse KM, Payne AD, Hallett JP, Miller PW, Bull JA. Thermal Stability and Explosive Hazard Assessment of Diazo Compounds and Diazo Transfer Reagents. Org Process Res Dev 2020; 24:67-84. [PMID: 31983869 PMCID: PMC6972035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite their wide use in academia as metal-carbene precursors, diazo compounds are often avoided in industry owing to concerns over their instability, exothermic decomposition, and potential explosive behavior. The stability of sulfonyl azides and other diazo transfer reagents is relatively well understood, but there is little reliable data available for diazo compounds. This work first collates available sensitivity and thermal analysis data for diazo transfer reagents and diazo compounds to act as an accessible reference resource. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) data for the model donor/acceptor diazo compound ethyl (phenyl)diazoacetate are presented. We also present a rigorous DSC dataset with 43 other diazo compounds, enabling direct comparison to other energetic materials to provide a clear reference work to the academic and industrial chemistry communities. Interestingly, there is a wide range of onset temperatures (T onset) for this series of compounds, which varied between 75 and 160 °C. The thermal stability variation depends on the electronic effect of substituents and the amount of charge delocalization. A statistical model is demonstrated to predict the thermal stability of differently substituted phenyl diazoacetates. A maximum recommended process temperature (T D24) to avoid decomposition is estimated for selected diazo compounds. The average enthalpy of decomposition (ΔH D) for diazo compounds without other energetic functional groups is -102 kJ mol-1. Several diazo transfer reagents are analyzed using the same DSC protocol and found to have higher thermal stability, which is in general agreement with the reported values. For sulfonyl azide reagents, an average ΔH D of -201 kJ mol-1 is observed. High-quality thermal data from ARC experiments shows the initiation of decomposition for ethyl (phenyl)diazoacetate to be 60 °C, compared to that of 100 °C for the common diazo transfer reagent p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl azide (p-ABSA). The Yoshida correlation is applied to DSC data for each diazo compound to provide an indication of both their impact sensitivity (IS) and explosivity. As a neat substance, none of the diazo compounds tested are predicted to be explosive, but many (particularly donor/acceptor diazo compounds) are predicted to be impact-sensitive. It is therefore recommended that manipulation, agitation, and other processing of neat diazo compounds are conducted with due care to avoid impacts, particularly in large quantities. The full dataset is presented to inform chemists of the nature and magnitude of hazards when using diazo compounds and diazo transfer reagents. Given the demonstrated potential for rapid heat generation and gas evolution, adequate temperature control and cautious addition of reagents that begin a reaction are strongly recommended when conducting reactions with diazo compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian
P. Green
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Katherine M. Wheelhouse
- API Chemistry, Product Development & Supply and Process Safety,
Pilot Plant Operations, GlaxoSmithKline,
GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Andrew D. Payne
- API Chemistry, Product Development & Supply and Process Safety,
Pilot Plant Operations, GlaxoSmithKline,
GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Jason P. Hallett
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Philip W. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - James A. Bull
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
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9
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Bhat AH, Alavi S, Grover HK. Tandem Carbenoid C-H Functionalization/Conia-ene Cyclization of N-Propargyl Indoles Generates Pyrroloindoles under Cooperative Rh(II)/Zn(II) Catalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:224-229. [PMID: 31854993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition of diazodicarbonyl compounds in the presence of various metal catalysts has become a reliable method for the functionalization of indoles via carbenoid intermediates. Exploiting the nucleophilic reactivity of the in situ generated malonic ester product formed, we herein report a tandem C-H functionalization/Conia-ene cyclization of N-alkyne tethered indoles. This double functionalization of diazodicarbonyls generates a range of pyrrolo[1,2-a]-, pyrido[1,2-a]-, and azepino[1,2-a]indole products with good synthetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid H Bhat
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
| | - Sima Alavi
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
| | - Huck K Grover
- Department of Chemistry , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland A1B 3X7 , Canada
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10
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Liu C, Chen Z, Yan H, Xi S, Yam KM, Gao J, Du Y, Li J, Zhao X, Xie K, Xu H, Li X, Leng K, Pennycook SJ, Liu B, Zhang C, Koh MJ, Loh KP. Expedient synthesis of E-hydrazone esters and 1 H-indazole scaffolds through heterogeneous single-atom platinum catalysis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaay1537. [PMID: 31840074 PMCID: PMC6897547 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Unprotected E-hydrazone esters are prized building blocks for the preparation of 1H-indazoles and countless other N-containing biologically active molecules. Despite previous advances, efficient and stereoselective synthesis of these compounds remains nontrivial. Here, we show that Pt single atoms anchored on defect-rich CeO2 nanorods (Pt1/CeO2), in conjunction with the alcoholysis of ammonia borane, promotes exceptionally E-selective hydrogenation of α-diazoesters to afford a wide assortment of N-H hydrazone esters with an overall turnover frequency of up to 566 hours-1 upon reaction completion. The α-diazoester substrates could be generated in situ from readily available carboxylic esters in one-pot hydrogenation reaction. Utility is demonstrated through concise, scalable synthesis of 1H-indazole-derived pharmaceuticals and their 15N-labeled analogs. The present protocol highlights a key mechanistic nuance wherein simultaneous coordination of a Pt site with the diazo N═N and ester carbonyl motifs plays a central role in controlling stereoselectivity, which is supported by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuibo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhongxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Huan Yan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Kah Meng Yam
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jiajian Gao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Yonghua Du
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Keyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Haisen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Kai Leng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Stephen J. Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ming Joo Koh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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11
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Zhukovsky D, Dar'in D, Krasavin M. Rh2
(esp)2
-Catalyzed Coupling of α-Diazo-γ-butyrolactams with Aromatic Amines. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Zhukovsky
- Saint Petersburg State University; 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Dar'in
- Saint Petersburg State University; 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University; 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
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12
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Yoo C, Rackl D, Liu W, Hoyt CB, Pimentel B, Lively RP, Davies HML, Jones CW. An Immobilized‐Dirhodium Hollow‐Fiber Flow Reactor for Scalable and Sustainable C−H Functionalization in Continuous Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Jae Yoo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Daniel Rackl
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Caroline B. Hoyt
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Brian Pimentel
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Ryan P. Lively
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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13
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Yoo C, Rackl D, Liu W, Hoyt CB, Pimentel B, Lively RP, Davies HML, Jones CW. An Immobilized‐Dirhodium Hollow‐Fiber Flow Reactor for Scalable and Sustainable C−H Functionalization in Continuous Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10923-10927. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Jae Yoo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Daniel Rackl
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Caroline B. Hoyt
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Brian Pimentel
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Ryan P. Lively
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department Georgia Institute of Technology 311 Ferst Drive NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA
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14
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Chen Z, Hu X, Huang J, Zeng W. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Coupling-Cyclization of C═O Bonds with α-Diazoketones. Org Lett 2018; 20:3980-3983. [PMID: 29939031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented intermolecular nucleophilic attack of C═X bonds (X = O and S) on the rhodium(I)-carbenes has been developed. This transformation allows for the coupling-cyclization of aroylamides with α-diazoketones and provides concise access to 2,4,5-trisubstituted 1,3-oxazoles and 1,3-thiazoles with a broad tolerance of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China
| | - Xinwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China
| | - Junmin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China
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15
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Hock KJ, Koenigs RM. The Generation of Diazo Compounds in Continuous-Flow. Chemistry 2018; 24:10571-10583. [PMID: 29575129 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Toxic, cancerogenic and explosive-these attributes are typically associated with diazo compounds. Nonetheless, diazo compounds are nowadays a highly demanded class of reagents for organic synthesis, yet the concerns with regards to safe and scalable transformations of these compounds are still exceptionally high. Lately, the research area of the continuous-flow synthesis of diazo compounds attracted significant interest and a whole variety of protocols for their "on-demand" preparation have been realized to date. This concept article focuses on the recent developments using continuous-flow technologies to access diazo compounds; thus minimizing risks and hazards when working with this particular class of compounds. In this article we discuss these concepts and highlight different pre-requisites to access and to perform downstream functionalization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina J Hock
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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16
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Castoldi L, Ielo L, Holzer W, Giester G, Roller A, Pace V. α-Arylamino Diazoketones: Diazomethane-Loading Controlled Synthesis, Spectroscopic Investigations, and Structural X-ray Analysis. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4336-4347. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Ielo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Alexander Roller
- X-Ray Structure Analysis Center, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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17
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Empel C, Hock KJ, Koenigs RM. Iron-catalysed carbene-transfer reactions of diazo acetonitrile. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7129-7133. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01991f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the flow synthesis of hazardous diazo acetonitrile to enable X–H insertion reactions with a readily available iron catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Empel
- RWTH Aachen University
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- D-52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Katharina J. Hock
- RWTH Aachen University
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- D-52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Rene M. Koenigs
- RWTH Aachen University
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- D-52074 Aachen
- Germany
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18
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Nicolle SM, Nortcliffe A, Bartrum HE, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. C−H Insertion as a Key Step to Spiro-Oxetanes, Scaffolds for Drug Discovery. Chemistry 2017; 23:13623-13627. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon M. Nicolle
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Hannah E. Bartrum
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Hayes
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
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19
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Rackl D, Yoo CJ, Jones CW, Davies HML. Synthesis of Donor/Acceptor-Substituted Diazo Compounds in Flow and Their Application in Enantioselective Dirhodium-Catalyzed Cyclopropanation and C–H Functionalization. Org Lett 2017; 19:3055-3058. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rackl
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Chun-Jae Yoo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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20
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Arredondo V, Hiew SC, Gutman ES, Premachandra IDUA, Van Vranken DL. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Carbene Insertion into the N−H Bonds of Aromatic Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Arredondo
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Stanley C. Hiew
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Eugene S. Gutman
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | | | - David L. Van Vranken
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
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21
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Arredondo V, Hiew SC, Gutman ES, Premachandra IDUA, Van Vranken DL. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Carbene Insertion into the N−H Bonds of Aromatic Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4156-4159. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Arredondo
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Stanley C. Hiew
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Eugene S. Gutman
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | | | - David L. Van Vranken
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697 USA
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22
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Fanelli F, Parisi G, Degennaro L, Luisi R. Contribution of microreactor technology and flow chemistry to the development of green and sustainable synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:520-542. [PMID: 28405232 PMCID: PMC5372749 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microreactor technology and flow chemistry could play an important role in the development of green and sustainable synthetic processes. In this review, some recent relevant examples in the field of flash chemistry, catalysis, hazardous chemistry and continuous flow processing are described. Selected examples highlight the role that flow chemistry could play in the near future for a sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Fanelli
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, FLAME-Lab – Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari. Italy
| | - Giovanna Parisi
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, FLAME-Lab – Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari. Italy
| | - Leonardo Degennaro
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, FLAME-Lab – Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari. Italy
| | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, FLAME-Lab – Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari. Italy
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23
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Zhang JR, Liao YY, Deng JC, Tang ZL, Xu YL, Xu L, Tang RY. DABCO-Promoted Decarboxylative Acylation: Synthesis of α-Keto and α,β-Unsaturated Amides or Esters. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Rong Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Yan-Yan Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Jian-Chao Deng
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Zi-Liang Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Yuan-Lin Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Ri-Yuan Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
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24
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Poh JS, Makai S, von Keutz T, Tran DN, Battilocchio C, Pasau P, Ley SV. Rapid Asymmetric Synthesis of Disubstituted Allenes by Coupling of Flow-Generated Diazo Compounds and Propargylated Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1864-1868. [PMID: 28075518 PMCID: PMC5363227 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the asymmetric coupling of flow‐generated unstabilized diazo compounds and propargylated amine derivatives, using a new pyridinebis(imidazoline) ligand, a copper catalyst and base. The reaction proceeds rapidly, generating chiral allenes in 10–20 minutes with high enantioselectivity (89–98 % de/ee), moderate yields and a wide functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Siang Poh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Szabolcs Makai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Timo von Keutz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Duc N Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma SPRL, Chemical Research R5, Chemin du Foriest, 1420, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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25
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Poh JS, Makai S, von Keutz T, Tran DN, Battilocchio C, Pasau P, Ley SV. Rapid Asymmetric Synthesis of Disubstituted Allenes by Coupling of Flow-Generated Diazo Compounds and Propargylated Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Siang Poh
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Szabolcs Makai
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Timo von Keutz
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Duc N. Tran
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma SPRL; Chemical Research R5; Chemin du Foriest 1420 Braine-L'Alleud Belgium
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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26
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Yang P, Moloney MG. Surface modification using crosslinking of diamine and a bis(diarylcarbene): synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity via binding hydrogen peroxide. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05258h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Modification of polymer beads with a functionalized bis(arylcarbene) provides access to materials with biocidal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- UK
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
| | - Mark G. Moloney
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- UK
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27
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Kumar Y, Jaiswal Y, Kumar A. Copper(II)-Catalyzed Benzylic C(sp3)–H Aerobic Oxidation of (Hetero)Aryl Acetimidates: Synthesis of Aryl-α-ketoesters. J Org Chem 2016; 81:12247-12257. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta 801103, Bihar, India
| | - Yogesh Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta 801103, Bihar, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta 801103, Bihar, India
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28
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Movsisyan M, Delbeke EIP, Berton JKET, Battilocchio C, Ley SV, Stevens CV. Taming hazardous chemistry by continuous flow technology. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4892-928. [PMID: 27453961 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00902b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, flow technologies have become increasingly popular in the field of organic chemistry, offering solutions for engineering and/or chemical problems. Flow reactors enhance the mass and heat transfer, resulting in rapid reaction mixing, and enable a precise control over the reaction parameters, increasing the overall process selectivity, efficiency and safety. These features allow chemists to tackle unexploited challenges in their work, with the ultimate objective making chemistry more accessible for laboratory and industrial applications, avoiding the need to store and handle toxic, reactive and explosive reagents. This review covers some of the latest and most relevant developments in the field of continuous flow chemistry with the focus on hazardous reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Movsisyan
- SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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29
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Müller STR, Hokamp T, Ehrmann S, Hellier P, Wirth T. Ethyl Lithiodiazoacetate: Extremely Unstable Intermediate Handled Efficiently in Flow. Chemistry 2016; 22:11940-2. [PMID: 27339757 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl diazoacetate (EDA) is one of the most prominent diazo reagents. It is frequently used in metal-carbene-type reactions. However, EDA can also be used as a nucleophile under base catalysis. Whilst the addition of EDA to aldehydes can be performed using organic bases, the addition of EDA to other carbonyl electrophiles requires the use of organometallics such as lithium diisopropylamide (LDA). The generated ethyl lithiodiazoacetate is highly reactive and decomposes rapidly, even at low temperatures. Herein, we report a continuous flow protocol that overcomes the problems associated with the instantaneous decomposition of ethyl lithiodiazoacetate. The addition of ethyl lithiodiazoacetate to ketones provides direct access to tertiary diazoalcohols in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T R Müller
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Tobias Hokamp
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Svenja Ehrmann
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Paul Hellier
- Pierre Fabre Médicament, Parc Industriel de la Chartreuse, 81106, Castres CEDEX, France
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
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30
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Mertens L, Hock KJ, Koenigs RM. Fluoroalkyl-Substituted Diazomethanes and Their Application in a General Synthesis of Pyrazoles and Pyrazolines. Chemistry 2016; 22:9542-5. [PMID: 27168358 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel continuous-flow approach for the synthesis of fluoroalkyl-substituted diazomethanes has been developed. Utilizing a cheap, self-made microreactor fluoroalkyl-substituted amines were transformed into the corresponding diazomethanes using tert-butyl nitrite and acetic acid as catalyst. These diazomethanes were employed in [2+3] cycloaddition reactions with olefins and alkynes, yielding valuable pyrazolines and pyrazoles in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Mertens
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katharina J Hock
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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31
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Yang P, Moloney MG. Surface modification of polymers with bis(arylcarbene)s from bis(aryldiazomethane)s: preparation, dyeing and characterization. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24392d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of polymer beads by a series of bis(arylcarbene) provides materials with different surface chemical characteristics, and a subsequent dyeing process generates colored polymers with a variety of surface functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- UK
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
| | - Mark G. Moloney
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- UK
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32
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Arai T, Kojima T, Watanabe O, Itoh T, Kanoh H. Recyclable Poly-Zn3(OAc)4-3,3′-Bis(aminoimino)binaphthoxide Catalyst for Asymmetric Iodolactonization. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Arai
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takahiro Kojima
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Ohji Watanabe
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Itoh
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kanoh
- Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Chiba University; 1-33 Yayoi, Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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33
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Poh JS, Tran DN, Battilocchio C, Hawkins JM, Ley SV. A Versatile Room-Temperature Route to Di- and Trisubstituted Allenes Using Flow-Generated Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7920-3. [PMID: 26013774 PMCID: PMC4515080 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed coupling reaction between flow-generated unstabilized diazo compounds and terminal alkynes provides di- and trisubstituted allenes. This extremely mild and rapid transformation is highly tolerant of several functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Siang Poh
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK) http://www.leygroup.ch.cam.ac.uk
| | - Duc N Tran
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK) http://www.leygroup.ch.cam.ac.uk
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK) http://www.leygroup.ch.cam.ac.uk
| | - Joel M Hawkins
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340 (USA)
| | - Steven V Ley
- Innovative Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK) http://www.leygroup.ch.cam.ac.uk.
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34
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Poh JS, Tran DN, Battilocchio C, Hawkins JM, Ley SV. A Versatile Room-Temperature Route to Di- and Trisubstituted Allenes Using Flow-Generated Diazo Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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