1
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Chiesa A, Santini P, Garlatti E, Luis F, Carretta S. Molecular nanomagnets: a viable path toward quantum information processing? REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2024; 87:034501. [PMID: 38314645 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ad1f81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Molecular nanomagnets (MNMs), molecules containing interacting spins, have been a playground for quantum mechanics. They are characterized by many accessible low-energy levels that can be exploited to store and process quantum information. This naturally opens the possibility of using them as qudits, thus enlarging the tools of quantum logic with respect to qubit-based architectures. These additional degrees of freedom recently prompted the proposal for encoding qubits with embedded quantum error correction (QEC) in single molecules. QEC is the holy grail of quantum computing and this qudit approach could circumvent the large overhead of physical qubits typical of standard multi-qubit codes. Another important strength of the molecular approach is the extremely high degree of control achieved in preparing complex supramolecular structures where individual qudits are linked preserving their individual properties and coherence. This is particularly relevant for building quantum simulators, controllable systems able to mimic the dynamics of other quantum objects. The use of MNMs for quantum information processing is a rapidly evolving field which still requires to be fully experimentally explored. The key issues to be settled are related to scaling up the number of qudits/qubits and their individual addressing. Several promising possibilities are being intensively explored, ranging from the use of single-molecule transistors or superconducting devices to optical readout techniques. Moreover, new tools from chemistry could be also at hand, like the chiral-induced spin selectivity. In this paper, we will review the present status of this interdisciplinary research field, discuss the open challenges and envisioned solution paths which could finally unleash the very large potential of molecular spins for quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Gruppo Collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - P Santini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Gruppo Collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - E Garlatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Gruppo Collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - F Luis
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA), CSIC, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Fısica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S Carretta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Gruppo Collegato di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
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2
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Alotaibi R, Booth A, Little E, Brookfield A, Achari A, Lockyer SJ, Timco GA, Whitehead GFS, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Chilton NF, Nair RR, Collison D, Winpenny REP. Synthesis and characterization of heterometallic rings templated through alkylammonium or imidazolium cations. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:7473-7481. [PMID: 37194350 PMCID: PMC10242454 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00982c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and structural characterization of a series of heterometallic rings templated via alkylammonium or imidazolium cations. The template and preference of each metal's coordination geometry can control the structure of heterometallic compounds, leading to octa-, nona-, deca-, dodeca-, and tetradeca-metallic rings. The compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, magnetometry, and EPR measurements. Magnetic measurements show that the exchange coupling between metal centres is antiferromagnetic. EPR spectroscopy shows that the spectra of {Cr7Zn} and {Cr9Zn} have S = 3/2 ground states, while the spectra of {Cr12Zn2} and {Cr8Zn} are consistent with S = 1 and 2 excited states. The EPR spectra of {(ImidH)-Cr6Zn2}, {(1-MeImH)-Cr8Zn2}, and {(1,2-diMeImH)-Cr8Zn2} include a combination of linkage isomers. The results on these related compounds allow us to examine the transferability of magnetic parameters between compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeh Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Amy Booth
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Edmund Little
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Adam Brookfield
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Amritroop Achari
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Selena J Lockyer
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Grigore A Timco
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - George F S Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Iñigo J Vitórica-Yrezábal
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Rahul R Nair
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - David Collison
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Richard E P Winpenny
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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3
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Alotaibi R, Brookfield A, Fowler JM, Whitehead GFS, Lockyer SJ, Timco GA, Collison D, Schnack J, Winpenny REP. Templating metallocycles with a macrocycle: synthesis, structures and magnetic studies of {Cr 11M 2} complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 52:20-23. [PMID: 36477464 PMCID: PMC9764323 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03368b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Addition of 1,4,8,11-tetrazacyclotetradecane (cyclam) to a reaction that produces octametallic rings when simpler amines are used, produces {Cr11M2} "pretzels" (M = ZnII or CuII) where the cyclam coordinates to the MII ion which then sits at the centre of a twelve-metal macrocycle. Magnetic studies were fitted using the finite-temperature Lanczos method (FTLM), and the results demonstrate that exchange interactions are transferable from previous exchange-coupled CrIII rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeh Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK,Department of Chemistry, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia
| | - Adam Brookfield
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Jonathan M. Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | | | - Selena J. Lockyer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Grigore A. Timco
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - David Collison
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Jürgen Schnack
- Faculty of Physics, P.O. Box 100131, Bielefeld UniversityD-33501 BielefeldGermany
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4
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Tsami PA, Tziotzi TG, Canaj AB, Singh MK, Dalgarno SJ, Brechin EK, Milios CJ. A ferromagnetically coupled pseudo-calixarene [Co 16] wheel that self-assembles as a tubular network of capsules. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15128-15132. [PMID: 36128993 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02554j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of Co(OAc)2·4H2O and Hsal in a basic MeCN solution affords the hexadecanuclear wheel [Co16(sal)16(OAc)16]·16MeCN (1·16MeCN) that displays ferromagnetic nearest neighbour exchange and has pseudo-calixarene character. Symmetry equivalent wheels self-assemble to form remarkable tubular networks of capsules in the extended structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi A Tsami
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Herakleion, Greece.
| | - Thomais G Tziotzi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Herakleion, Greece.
| | - Angelos B Canaj
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, Scotland, UK.
| | - Mukesh K Singh
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, Scotland, UK.
| | - Scott J Dalgarno
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Euan K Brechin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, Scotland, UK.
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5
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Chiesa A, Petiziol F, Chizzini M, Santini P, Carretta S. Theoretical Design of Optimal Molecular Qudits for Quantum Error Correction. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6468-6474. [PMID: 35816705 PMCID: PMC9310095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We pinpoint the key ingredients ruling decoherence in multispin clusters, and we engineer the system Hamiltonian to design optimal molecules embedding quantum error correction. These are antiferromagnetically coupled systems with competing exchange interactions, characterized by many low-energy states in which decoherence is dramatically suppressed and does not increase with the system size. This feature allows us to derive optimized code words, enhancing the power of the quantum error correction code by orders of magnitude. We demonstrate this by a complete simulation of the system dynamics, including the effect of decoherence driven by a nuclear spin bath and the full sequence of pulses to implement error correction and logical gates between protected states.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Chiesa
- Università
di Parma, Dipartimento di
Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- Gruppo
Collegato di Parma, INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, 43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - F. Petiziol
- Institut
für Theoretische Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Chizzini
- Università
di Parma, Dipartimento di
Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- Gruppo
Collegato di Parma, INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - P. Santini
- Università
di Parma, Dipartimento di
Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- Gruppo
Collegato di Parma, INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, 43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - S. Carretta
- Università
di Parma, Dipartimento di
Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- Gruppo
Collegato di Parma, INFN−Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca, 43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
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6
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Chizzini M, Crippa L, Zaccardi L, Macaluso E, Carretta S, Chiesa A, Santini P. Quantum error correction with molecular spin qudits. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20030-20039. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01228f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular multi-level spin qudits are very promising for quantum computing, embedding quantum error correction within single objects. We compare the performance of electronic/nuclear molecular qudits in the implementation of quantum error correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Chizzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Università di Parma, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Università di Parma, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- IBM Italia s.p.a., Circonvallazione Idroscalo, I-20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Luca Zaccardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Università di Parma, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Emilio Macaluso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Università di Parma, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Carretta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Università di Parma, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Università di Parma, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Santini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Università di Parma, Fisiche e Informatiche, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, gruppo collegato di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
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7
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Simulating Static and Dynamic Properties of Magnetic Molecules with Prototype Quantum Computers. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry7080117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic molecules are prototypical systems to investigate peculiar quantum mechanical phenomena. As such, simulating their static and dynamical behavior is intrinsically difficult for a classical computer, due to the exponential increase of required resources with the system size. Quantum computers solve this issue by providing an inherently quantum platform, suited to describe these magnetic systems. Here, we show that both the ground state properties and the spin dynamics of magnetic molecules can be simulated on prototype quantum computers, based on superconducting qubits. In particular, we study small-size anti-ferromagnetic spin chains and rings, which are ideal test-beds for these pioneering devices. We use the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm to determine the ground state wave-function with targeted ansatzes fulfilling the spin symmetries of the investigated models. The coherent spin dynamics are simulated by computing dynamical correlation functions, an essential ingredient to extract many experimentally accessible properties, such as the inelastic neutron cross-section.
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8
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Chiesa A, Macaluso E, Petiziol F, Wimberger S, Santini P, Carretta S. Molecular Nanomagnets as Qubits with Embedded Quantum-Error Correction. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8610-8615. [PMID: 32936660 DOI: 10.1063/9.0000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We show that molecular nanomagnets have a potential advantage in the crucial rush toward quantum computers. Indeed, the sizable number of accessible low-energy states of these systems can be exploited to define qubits with embedded quantum error correction. We derive the scheme to achieve this crucial objective and the corresponding sequence of microwave/radiofrequency pulses needed for the error correction procedure. The effectiveness of our approach is shown already with a minimal S = 3/2 unit corresponding to an existing molecule, and the scaling to larger spin systems is quantitatively analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - E Macaluso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - F Petiziol
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - S Wimberger
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Gruppo Collegato di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - P Santini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - S Carretta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
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9
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Chiesa A, Macaluso E, Petiziol F, Wimberger S, Santini P, Carretta S. Molecular Nanomagnets as Qubits with Embedded Quantum-Error Correction. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8610-8615. [PMID: 32936660 PMCID: PMC8011924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We show that molecular nanomagnets have a potential advantage in the crucial rush toward quantum computers. Indeed, the sizable number of accessible low-energy states of these systems can be exploited to define qubits with embedded quantum error correction. We derive the scheme to achieve this crucial objective and the corresponding sequence of microwave/radiofrequency pulses needed for the error correction procedure. The effectiveness of our approach is shown already with a minimal S = 3/2 unit corresponding to an existing molecule, and the scaling to larger spin systems is quantitatively analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Chiesa
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - E. Macaluso
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - F. Petiziol
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - S. Wimberger
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- INFN,
Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Gruppo Collegato
di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - P. Santini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - S. Carretta
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
- UdR
Parma, INSTM, I-43124 Parma, Italy
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10
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Garlatti E, Chiesa A, Guidi T, Amoretti G, Santini P, Carretta S. Unravelling the Spin Dynamics of Molecular Nanomagnets with Four‐Dimensional Inelastic Neutron Scattering. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Garlatti
- Dipartimento di Science Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze n.7/A 43124 Parma Italy
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source Rutherford Appleton Laboratory OX11 0QX Didcot UK
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Science Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze n.7/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Tatiana Guidi
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source Rutherford Appleton Laboratory OX11 0QX Didcot UK
| | - Giuseppe Amoretti
- Dipartimento di Science Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze n.7/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Paolo Santini
- Dipartimento di Science Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze n.7/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Stefano Carretta
- Dipartimento di Science Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche Università di Parma Parco Area delle Scienze n.7/A 43124 Parma Italy
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11
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Ansbro S, Moreno-Pineda E, Yu W, Ollivier J, Mutka H, Ruben M, Chiesa A. Magnetic properties of transition metal dimers probed by inelastic neutron scattering. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11953-11959. [PMID: 30074034 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02570c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The physical characterisation and understanding of molecular magnetic materials is one of the most important steps towards the integration of such systems in hybrid spintronic devices. Amongst the many characterisation techniques employed in such a task, Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) stands as one of the most powerful and sensitive tools to investigate their spin dynamics. Herein, the magnetic properties and spin dynamics of two dinuclear complexes, namely [(M(hfacac)2)2(bpym)] (where M = Ni2+, Co2+, abbreviated in the following as Ni2, Co2) are reported. These are model systems that could constitute fundamental units of future spintronic devices. By exploiting the highly sensitive IN5 Cold INS spectrometer, we are able to gain a deep insight into the spin dynamics of Ni2 and to fully obtain the microscopic spin Hamiltonian parameters; while for Co2, a multitude of INS transitions are observed demonstrating the complexity of the magnetic properties of octahedral cobalt-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ansbro
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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12
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Malik AU, Zhou XL, Kong SN, Li LL, Bao XL, Shu MH. Homochiral hexanuclear nickel( ii) metallocyclic structures with high activity for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:1764-1767. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04436d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two chiral hexanuclear nickel(ii) metallocyclic rings with new chiral ligands exhibit excellent activity for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abaid Ullah Malik
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xia-li Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-nan Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-ling Li
- Instrumental Analysis Center
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-li Bao
- Instrumental Analysis Center
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Mou-hai Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
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13
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Timco GA, Fernandez A, Kostopoulos AK, Muryn CA, Pritchard RG, Strashnov I, Vitorica-Yrezebal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Winpenny REP. An Extensive Family of Heterometallic Titanium(IV)-Metal(III) Rings with Structure Control through Templates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grigore A. Timco
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Antonio Fernandez
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Andreas K. Kostopoulos
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Christopher A. Muryn
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Robin G. Pritchard
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ilya Strashnov
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | | | - George F. S. Whitehead
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Richard E. P. Winpenny
- The School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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14
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Timco GA, Fernandez A, Kostopoulos AK, Muryn CA, Pritchard RG, Strashnov I, Vitorica-Yrezebal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Winpenny REP. An Extensive Family of Heterometallic Titanium(IV)-Metal(III) Rings with Structure Control through Templates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13629-13632. [PMID: 28884939 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A family of heterometallic [Cat][Tix MO(x+1 )(O2 Ct Bu)2x+2 ] rings is reported where Cat=a secondary or tertiary alkyl ammonium ion, x=7, 8 or 9, and M=FeIII , GaIII , CrIII , InIII and AlIII . The structures are regular polygons with eight, nine or ten vertices with each edge bridged by an oxide and two pivalates. The size of the ring formed is controlled by the alkylammonium cation present. In each case a homometallic by-product is found [Cat][Tix O(x+1 )(O2 Ct Bu)2x-1 ].
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigore A Timco
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Antonio Fernandez
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Andreas K Kostopoulos
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Christopher A Muryn
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Robin G Pritchard
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ilya Strashnov
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - George F S Whitehead
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Richard E P Winpenny
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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15
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Woolfson RJ, Timco GA, Chiesa A, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Tuna F, Guidi T, Pavarini E, Santini P, Carretta S, Winpenny REP. [CrF(O2 C(t) Bu)2 ]9 : Synthesis and Characterization of a Regular Homometallic Ring with an Odd Number of Metal Centers and Electrons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8856-9. [PMID: 27294807 PMCID: PMC5089673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The first regular homometallic ring containing an odd number of metal centers is reported. The ring was synthesized by means of amine-templated self-assembly. Extensive physical characterization studies, including magnetic measurements, powder inelastic neutron scattering (INS), and DFT calculations, show that the molecule has a near perfect match to the expected behavior for a frustrated system with the lowest energy pair of S=1/2 spin states separated by only 0.1 meV (0.8 cm(-1) ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Woolfson
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M20 4NZ, UK
| | - Grigore A Timco
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M20 4NZ, UK
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Parma, Parco Area della Scienze 7/A, I-43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Inigo J Vitorica-Yrezabal
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M20 4NZ, UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M20 4NZ, UK
| | - Tatiana Guidi
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Eva Pavarini
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungzentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- JARA High Performance Computing, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paolo Santini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Parma, Parco Area della Scienze 7/A, I-43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Carretta
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Parma, Parco Area della Scienze 7/A, I-43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Richard E P Winpenny
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M20 4NZ, UK.
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16
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Woolfson RJ, Timco GA, Chiesa A, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Tuna F, Guidi T, Pavarini E, Santini P, Carretta S, Winpenny REP. [CrF(O2CtBu)2]9: Synthesis and Characterization of a Regular Homometallic Ring with an Odd Number of Metal Centers and Electrons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Woolfson
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M20 4NZ UK
| | - Grigore A. Timco
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M20 4NZ UK
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra; Università di Parma; Parco Area della Scienze 7/A I-43124 Parma Italy
| | - Inigo J. Vitorica-Yrezabal
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M20 4NZ UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M20 4NZ UK
| | - Tatiana Guidi
- ISIS Facility; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory; Didcot OX11 0QX UK
| | - Eva Pavarini
- Institute for Advanced Simulation; Forschungzentrum Jülich; 52425 Jülich Germany
- JARA High Performance Computing; RWTH Aachen University; 52062 Aachen Germany
| | - Paolo Santini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra; Università di Parma; Parco Area della Scienze 7/A I-43124 Parma Italy
| | - Stefano Carretta
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra; Università di Parma; Parco Area della Scienze 7/A I-43124 Parma Italy
| | - Richard E. P. Winpenny
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M20 4NZ UK
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17
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Baker ML, Lancaster T, Chiesa A, Amoretti G, Baker PJ, Barker C, Blundell SJ, Carretta S, Collison D, Güdel HU, Guidi T, McInnes EJL, Möller JS, Mutka H, Ollivier J, Pratt FL, Santini P, Tuna F, Tregenna-Piggott PLW, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Timco GA, Winpenny REP. Studies of a Large Odd-Numbered Odd-Electron Metal Ring: Inelastic Neutron Scattering and Muon Spin Relaxation Spectroscopy of Cr8 Mn. Chemistry 2016; 22:1779-88. [PMID: 26748964 PMCID: PMC4744977 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The spin dynamics of Cr8Mn, a nine‐membered antiferromagnetic (AF) molecular nanomagnet, are investigated. Cr8Mn is a rare example of a large odd‐membered AF ring, and has an odd‐number of 3d‐electrons present. Odd‐membered AF rings are unusual and of interest due to the presence of competing exchange interactions that result in frustrated‐spin ground states. The chemical synthesis and structures of two Cr8Mn variants that differ only in their crystal packing are reported. Evidence of spin frustration is investigated by inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and muon spin relaxation spectroscopy (μSR). From INS studies we accurately determine an appropriate microscopic spin Hamiltonian and we show that μSR is sensitive to the ground‐spin‐state crossing from S=1/2 to S=3/2 in Cr8Mn. The estimated width of the muon asymmetry resonance is consistent with the presence of an avoided crossing. The investigation of the internal spin structure of the ground state, through the analysis of spin‐pair correlations and scalar‐spin chirality, shows a non‐collinear spin structure that fluctuates between non‐planar states of opposite chiralities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Baker
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. .,Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
| | - Tom Lancaster
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Amoretti
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Peter J Baker
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Claire Barker
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Stephen J Blundell
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Stefano Carretta
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - David Collison
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Hans U Güdel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3000, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tatiana Guidi
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Eric J L McInnes
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Johannes S Möller
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Hannu Mutka
- Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jacques Ollivier
- Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Francis L Pratt
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Paolo Santini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Iñigo J Vitorica-Yrezabal
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Grigore A Timco
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Richard E P Winpenny
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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